Summary of the invention
At the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of easy to operate, high precision, multiband, low cost, the multiband ultraviolet illuminometer of the free of light filter that detector head volume is little, simple in structure.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the multiband ultraviolet illuminometer of a kind of free of light filter provided by the present invention comprises:
One ultraviolet detector has encapsulated three aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) base sensitive first A, B and C that different ultraviolet bands respond in the detector, be respectively applied for the measurement of three different ultraviolet band ultraviolet irradiation intensities;
Three pre-amplification circuits connect sensitive first output terminal that three different ultraviolet bands respond respectively, are used for the preposition amplification of sensitive first measuring-signal;
One band selection computing circuit able to programme, its input end connect the output terminal of the pre-amplification circuit of three sensitive units respectively, are used to select the measuring-signal of different ultraviolet bands;
One A/D modular converter, its input end connects the output terminal of band selection computing circuit able to programme, is used for the A/D conversion of measuring-signal;
One MCU microprocessor, its signal input part connects the A/D modular converter, and its control input end connects keyboard, and its control output end connects the control input end of band selection computing circuit able to programme, and it shows that output terminal connects LCD display; Be used for band selection computing circuit able to programme being carried out the control of band selection and the digital signal of A/D modular converter output being calculated, revise, demarcated, obtain irradiance data and send LCD display to show it according to the instruction of keyboard.
Further, the first A of described sensitivity only responds the UV radiation of UVA wave band (340nm-365nm).
Further, the first B of described sensitivity only responds the UV radiation of UVB wave band (280nm-320nm).
Further, the first C of described sensitivity only responds the UV radiation of UVC wave band (250nm-290nm).
Further, the subtraction circuit that measurement UVB signal adopts UVB and UVC to subtract each other in described band selection computing circuit able to programme obtains, thereby improves the measuring accuracy of UVB wave band.
Further, the software program flow process of described MCU microprocessor:
1) initialization;
2) select service band according to button;
3) carry out the A/D conversion;
4) calculate, revise, demarcate Fluorescent Magnetic Flaw Detector;
5) show Fluorescent Magnetic Flaw Detector, turn to 3).
Utilize the multiband ultraviolet radiation meter based on AlGaN provided by the invention, owing to adopt aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) base ultraviolet detector, by conditioning to detector output signal, just can realize UVA, the UV radiation of UVB and UVC wave band and whole UV wave band is measured, need match filter to realize the selection of wave band unlike traditional detector, so overcome a series of problems of general traditional UV power meter, as mate accuracy be difficult to control, use multiple optical filter that volume is increased, some spectrum is difficult to filter or the like problem, so its volume is little, simple to operate, the precision height.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) base ultraviolet detector quantum efficiency height, noise is low, response speed is fast, peak in the spectral response is at ultraviolet band, has higher sensitivity.In addition,, do not need to add in addition optical filter and just can directly be used for measuring ultraviolet irradiation intensity, therefore can obtain higher measuring accuracy because it does not respond the visible light and the infrared light of wavelength greater than 365nm.
2) traditional ultraviolet radiation meter can only be measured the UV radiation of a wave band (for example UVA wave band), and its measurement range has unicity.And this ultraviolet radiation meter has adopted a detector with three photosensitive yuan, encapsulated the sensitive unit of three different ultraviolet band responses in this detector, three sensitive units only respond the UV radiation of UVA, UVB and UVC wave band respectively, the signal that three sensitive units are exported respectively carries out the computing conditioning, can obtain the UV radiation of more accurate UVA, UVB and UVC wave band and whole UV wave band.
3) traditional ultraviolet radiation meter is to reduce or eliminate the influence to measurement result of visible light and infrared light by add optical filter in the detector front, is the selection that realizes measuring wavelength band by the optical filter of coupling detector front.And this ultraviolet radiation meter does not need to add optical filter and just can eliminate the influence to measurement result of visible light and infrared light, just can select the wavelength band of measurement.
Use aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) base ultraviolet detector, saved optical filter, reduced the volume of ultraviolet radiation meter, make it to be easy to carry, increased the reliability of instrument, improved the precision of measuring, simultaneously, can realize the measurement of the UV radiation of a plurality of wave bands.
This radiant illumination meter can be widely used in the field that industry, agricultural, medical treatment, scientific research etc. are measured UV radiation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings embodiments of the invention are described in further detail, but present embodiment is not limited to the present invention, every employing analog structure of the present invention and similar variation thereof all should be listed protection scope of the present invention in.
As shown in Figure 1, the multiband ultraviolet illuminometer of a kind of free of light filter that the embodiment of the invention provided comprises:
One ultraviolet detector has encapsulated three sensitive first A, B and C that different ultraviolet bands respond in the detector, be respectively applied for the measurement of three different ultraviolet band ultraviolet irradiation intensities;
Three pre-amplification circuits connect sensitive first output terminal that three different ultraviolet bands respond respectively, are used for the preposition amplification of sensitive first measuring-signal;
One band selection computing circuit able to programme, its input end connect the output terminal of the pre-amplification circuit of three sensitive units respectively, are used to select the measuring-signal of different ultraviolet bands;
One A/D modular converter, its input end connects the output terminal of band selection computing circuit able to programme, is used for the A/D conversion of measuring-signal;
One MCU microprocessor, its signal input part connects the A/D modular converter, and its control input end connects keyboard, and its control output end connects the control input end of band selection computing circuit able to programme, and it shows that output terminal connects LCD display; Be used for band selection computing circuit able to programme being carried out the control of band selection and the digital signal of A/D modular converter output being calculated, revise, demarcated, obtain irradiance data and send LCD display to show it according to the instruction of keyboard.
When solar light irradiation, the multiband ultraviolet illuminometer of free of light filter is started working according to the ultraviolet band of the required measurement that the user selects, solar irradiation is mapped on three sensitive first ultraviolet detectors, ultraviolet detector is because its visible light and infrared light rejection ratio are very high, so only receive the UV radiation of the sun, produce small photocurrent, because detector has three photosensitive units, so can produce three-way output signal (also promptly three tunnel small photocurrents are exported).Small photocurrent through the amplification of three road pre-amplification circuits, is converted into voltage signal respectively, and voltage signal is input in the band selection computing circuit able to programme.Band selection computing circuit able to programme is controlled by MCU, and MCU gives band selection computing circuit able to programme according to the command request transmitting control commands of keyboard, to determine the service band of irradiatometer.Button provides four optional wave band: UVA, UVB and UVC wave band and whole UV wave band.After service band was determined, the simulating signal of band selection computing circuit output able to programme was converted into digital signal through the A/D modular converter, and digital signal is input to MCU, and through calculating, after revising and demarcating, MCU send last irradiance data LCD to show again.
The AlGaN panel detector structure is as shown in Figure 2: sensitive first A, the B and the C that have encapsulated three different ultraviolet bands responses in the detector.
Wherein, sensitive first A is only to the UV radiation response of UVA wave band (340nm-365nm), its response curve as shown in Figure 3: when wavelength during less than 340nm, the response of sensitive first A is very little; When wavelength was positioned at the scope of 340nm-365nm, the response ratio of sensitive first A was more smooth, and the about 0.21A/W of peak response rate; When wavelength during greater than 365nm, the response of sensitive unit is zero.So sensitive first A is a rectangle to the response of UVA substantially.
Sensitive first B is only to the UV radiation response of UVB wave band (280nm-320nm), its response curve as shown in Figure 4: when wavelength was positioned at the scope of 280nm-320nm, the response ratio of sensitive first B was more smooth, and responded also that maximum is about 0.14A/W; During greater than 320nm, the response of sensitive first B is about 10 of peak response at wavelength
-3Doubly, can think there is not response.
Sensitive first C is only to the UV radiation response of UVC wave band (250nm-290nm), its response curve as shown in Figure 5: when wavelength was positioned at the scope of 250nm-290nm, the response ratio of sensitive first C was more smooth, and the response maximum is about 0.08A/W; During greater than 290nm, the response of sensitive first C is about 10 of peak response at wavelength
-3Times, be similar to and think there is not response.Sensitive first C is approximately a rectangle to the response of UVC.
Three sensitive units of detector produce three road weak currents respectively after receiving ultraviolet irradiation, because three first character of sensitivity of detector are close, so three road output currents are adopted three road same prime amplifiers, three tunnel circuit theory diagrams that amplify are seen shown in Figure 6:
In circuit, resistance R 2, R3, capacitor C 2 and potentiometer RV1 constitute zeroing circuit, can be with amplifier imbalance zeroing by regulating RV1.R1 and C1 are used for compensating the bias current of integrated transporting discharging.RV2 is used for regulating the gain of amplifying circuit, and this circuit is converted into voltage signal with current signal and signal is amplified.Produce little current signal after detector is accepted UV radiation, little electric current transforms amplifying circuit output voltage signal afterwards through current-voltage.Can see that in Fig. 6 UVA produces little electric current, little electric current is flowed through and is produced the pressure reduction output voltage signal after feedback resistance R5 and the RV2, the size that can regulate output voltage by the resistance of regulating RV2.
Sensitive first A, the B of detector inside, C be varying in size to the response of UVA, UVB and UVC respectively, so adopt by regulating its way of signal amplification circuit gain separately, the signal that makes UVA, UVB and UVC output makes it to have comparability all at the same order of magnitude.According to the size of explorer response rate, select the different gains value during specific design, regulate the feedback resistance value of each several part during use in advance, its output signal is complementary.
Three road voltage output signals of pre-amplification circuit, corresponding UVA, UVB and UVC respectively.
The schematic diagram of band selection computing circuit able to programme is as shown in Figure 7:
Beam selector circuit realizes that by Single-chip Controlling analog switch ADG412 resistance is very little during the ADG412 conducting, and leakage current is very little during pinch off, thereby has guaranteed the precision of measuring.
When selecting the UVA wave band to measure, the S1 of ADG412 disconnects S2, S3 closure, and UA is input to signal amplification circuit, amplifies through LF353, and the Uo of circuit output this moment is the signal of UVA;
When selecting the UVB wave band to measure, UVB and UVC are input on the U1A, R1, R2, R3, R4 and U1A constitute subtraction circuit, subtraction circuit is output as UB1, the S2 of ADG412 disconnects S1, S3 closure, UB1 is input to signal amplification circuit, amplify through LF353, the Uo of circuit output this moment is the signal of UVB (because sensitive first B also has partial response except the UVB wave band is had the response to the UVC wave band, so measurement UVB signal adopts UVB and UVC to subtract each other and obtains, can well improve the measuring accuracy of UVB wave band like this);
When selecting the UVC wave band to measure, the S3 of ADG412 disconnects S1, S2 closure, and UC is input to signal amplification circuit, amplifies through LF353, and the Uo of circuit output this moment is the signal of UVC;
When selecting the UV wave band to measure, the S1 of ADG412, S2, S3 disconnect, and UA, UB1 and UC are input to adding circuit, amplify through LF353, and the Uo of circuit output this moment is the signal of UV.
A/D conversion and MCU control
A/D conversion and MCU control circuit schematic diagram be as shown in Figure 8:
Measuring-signal is through being input to the analog input channel AIN1 of 8 high speed analog-to-digital conversion chip MAX154 behind the band selection computing circuit able to programme, for avoiding interference, with passage AIN2 ground connection.Analog channel address selection input pin A1 ground connection, A0 connects the P1.6 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, selects the UV signal of analog channel AIN1 to carry out analog to digital conversion by the P1.6 mouth of single-chip microcomputer.The data-out bus of MAX154 connects the P0 mouth of AT89C52, and the data after conversion finishes can be read in by the P0 mouth, and the EOC signal output INT pin of MAX154 connects the P1.7 pin of single-chip microcomputer, can judge by the level state of inquiry P1.7 pin whether conversion finishes.
Be input to single chip computer AT 89C52 through data after A and handle, single-chip microcomputer send 128*64LCD to show by the P2 mouth after calculating, revise and demarcate according to current value of reading in again.8 position datawires of LCD connect the P2 mouth, and the E of LCD (enabling) pin connects the P3.1 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, by whether working of P3.1 mouth control LCD; The R/W of LCD (read/write) pin connects the P3.4 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, by the read-write of P3.4 mouth control LCD; The RS of LCD (register) pin connects the P3.5 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, selects the register that uses by the P3.5 mouth.
Software design
According to the hardware line, and the multiband ultraviolet illuminometer of the free of light filter function that will realize.
The program flow diagram of software is as shown in Figure 9:
1) initialization;
2) select service band according to button;
3) carry out the A/D conversion;
4) calculate, revise, demarcate Fluorescent Magnetic Flaw Detector;
5) show Fluorescent Magnetic Flaw Detector, turn to 3).