CN1824417A - Internal beating metal pipe material (ultra) high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and equipment - Google Patents
Internal beating metal pipe material (ultra) high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1824417A CN1824417A CNA2005100936493A CN200510093649A CN1824417A CN 1824417 A CN1824417 A CN 1824417A CN A2005100936493 A CNA2005100936493 A CN A2005100936493A CN 200510093649 A CN200510093649 A CN 200510093649A CN 1824417 A CN1824417 A CN 1824417A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technique, method and equipment for forming necked tubular metal component by utilizing great internal high pressure produced by water under the condition of high temperature through single-operation process. Said equipment mainly includes: 1. heating and forming equipment: concave metal die, electroheating high-temperature furnace, medium-temperature preheating furnace; 2. pipe loading and sealing equipment: pipe blank, pipe support, working water and sealing ram; and 3. control equipment. Said invention also provides the concrete steps of its forming method.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brand-new reducing tubular metal member water pressure once shaping technology, method and apparatus.Concrete, this technology of huge static pressure and the relevant device that utilize water at high temperature to be produced exactly carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member.
Required inner high voltage derives from the huge static pressure that high-temperature water produces in the forming process, and shaping medium is superhigh-pressure high-temp water (supercritical water), and metal stock is to be shaped under the condition of high temperature.
2. background technology
Usually said tubing hydroforming (internal high pressure forming) at present is that the mechanical pressure with hydraulic pump (water pump or oil pump) is a source pressure, cryogen (water or oil) is a shaping medium, make blank with tubing, apply highly pressurised liquid by tubing inside and pipe is pressed into makes it be configured as required workpiece in the die cavity.Specifically the tubing blank is put into the die cavity of a hydroforming assembly and provided high-pressure fluid to blank inside, so that the outside expansion of blank is consistent with the qualification cavity surface with hydraulic pump.Shortcoming of the method and limitation: 1. cost is higher, needs a high performance hydraulic pump; 2. operating pressure is relatively low, and operating pressure is generally 0.3-0.5GPa; 3. it is comparatively difficult to boost, for common hydraulic pump, if will promote 0.1GPa again on the basis of working pressure range, usually comparatively difficult; 4. institute's machined metal parts outer surface is easy to generate fan-shaped microfissure, because the canister blank is to expand under the normal temperature rigid state; 5. process high duty metal parts (as titanium alloy etc.) and be restricted, because of being processes under the normal temperature state; 6. process the thick-walled metal parts and be restricted, because of being processes under the normal temperature state.
3. summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and apparatus.The present invention utilizes water (supercritical fluid) this technology of huge static pressure and relevant device of being produced at high temperature, carries out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member.This method is the residing state of metal from pressure mechanism of production, shaping medium, forming process no matter, and still all different with traditional hydroforming technology and equipment from the element of installation, it is a kind of brand-new technology, method and apparatus.
It is that transmission medium superhigh-pressure high-temp thermal simulation experiment result proposes with water that the present invention is based on the p-V-T graph of a relation of state equation, water of water and following two groups: 1. the external diameter with topped up with water (about 6-7 drips) is 48mm, internal diameter is 8mm, boss ratio is that 1: 6 Rene41 titanium maxter alloy autoclave is sealed by the taper chock plug, put into the tube furnace by temperature controller control then, Jia Re mode heats up gradually by pre-set program in addition.When furnace temperature rises to 350 ℃, find to make the outside also breach (seeing Figure 1B-1) of explosion long 27mm, a wide 11mm that expands of this titanium maxter alloy autoclave body by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced of kettle inside; 2. same experimental technique, with the external diameter of topped up with water (about 8-9 drips) is 60mm, and internal diameter is 8mm, and boss ratio is that two stainless steel autoclave bodies of 1: 7.5 are sealed by the taper chock plug, put into tube furnace then, Jia Re mode heats up gradually by the program that pre-sets in addition.When furnace temperature rises to 450 ℃ and 480 ℃, cause two stainless steel autoclave bodies all outwards to expand by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced of autoclave inside, the 60mm of kettle external diameter before by experiment dilatancy respectively is 63.1mm and 64.3mm (seeing Figure 1B-2).This phenomenon by we utilize aqueous medium at high temperature the huge static pressure of generation, carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member and lay a good foundation.
A content of the present invention relates to a kind of huge static pressure of utilizing water at high temperature to be produced, the technology (see figure 2) of once-forming reducing tubular metal member.Its characteristics are that inner high voltage required in the forming process derives from the immense pressure that water is at high temperature produced.The p-V-T relation of water is the basic physical chemical property of water, and the density of water changes and changes along with temperature and pressure, and when increased pressure, the density of fluid can change to the density value of liquid water continuously from the density value of steam.At high temperature, during as 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃, keep the density (1g/cm of water under the normal temperature and pressure
3), required external pressure will reach 0.3GPa, 0.8GPa, 1.82GPa respectively.In other words, the canister of water-filled (or packing density is 100%) sealing is heated to 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃ respectively, high-temperature water in the container will produce the pressure of about 0.3GPa, 0.8GPa, 1.82GPa, and stepless action in around on the chamber wall (seeing Figure 1A).We utilize this characteristic of water to carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member just.Be about to water-filled tube billet, pipe two openends sealed with the taper that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element (or spherical) sealing punch that liquidates; Open the electrothermal high-temperature stove that is welded on the sealing punch then, the working water the pipe is directly heated from pipe inside; Rising gradually along with water temperature in the pipe, the pressure that is produced by high-temperature water (supercritical water) also increases rapidly, when this high temperature hydraulic pressure surpasses the tension force that tube wall can bear, the expansion tube wall makes its distortion, this moment is if controlled with female mold, just obtain the various double-form reducing tubular metal member that not only had formalness but also had an external morphology and (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3).Water at high temperature can produce the huge inner high voltage of the tube billet that is used for expanding can be from above-mentioned two groups of high temperature and pressure experiments be confirmed (seeing Figure 1B-1, Figure 1B-2).
Second content of the present invention relates to a kind of interior heating and produces the technology and the assembly (see figure 6) of the required inner high voltage of shaping reducing tubular metal member.It is characterized by, the high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the sealing punch, in the forming process, when sealing punch during with the sealing of the pipe of topped up with water, the electrothermal high-temperature stove will be from pipe inside heats wherein working water, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in promptly adopting, and producing the expansion tube wall and the pipe that is shaped is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member.
Present technique mainly is made up of tube billet, the high-temperature electric heat element and working water three parts that are welded on the sealing punch.
The 3rd content of the present invention relates to a kind of interior heating electrothermal high-temperature furnace module.Be characterized in U-shaped high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the sealing punch, when the drift that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element during with the sealing of the pipe of topped up with water, heating will be from pipe inside directly heats wherein working water, and producing the shaping pipe is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member.
This assembly comprises metal coating housing (5-3) three parts of high-temperature electric heat element (5-1), insulating coating (5-2), heating outside.
Heating adopts silicon carbide rod (operating temperature is 1000-1350 ℃), or silication molybdenum bar (operating temperature 1350-1600 ℃ is up to 1800 ℃).Before using silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar are at high temperature carried out sintering; make silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface produce thicker high temperature resistant siliceous insulation and the antioxidation coating of one deck; be wrapped in silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar high-temperature electric heat outside elements with resistant to elevated temperatures metal shell then; thereby avoid heating directly to contact with high-temperature water; with the siliceous insulating barrier of protection silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface, prolong the service life of high-temperature electric heat element.
Tightly and securely on the welded seal drift, this should guarantee absolute insulating properties between heating and working water and the sealing punch to the high-temperature electric heat element, guarantees the sealing of height between heating and sealing punch again together with the metal coating housing of outside.
The 4th content of the present invention relates to pre-warmed technology of a kind of metal pipe material blank and assembly.It is characterized in that at metal material mould outside cover one moderate oven, and tubing blank in the die cavity and working water are wherein preheated through mould.Promptly adopt the heating forming technique of ' planted agent closes ' outward.
The 5th content of the present invention is internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once former.Equipment is mainly formed (see figure 6) by 13 basic building blocks of three parts, and first is heating and former: comprise concave metal material mould (1), be welded on electrothermal high-temperature stove (5), middle temperature preheating furnace (2), mold shell (3), mould fixed support (10) on the sealing punch; Second portion is tubing blank support and black box: comprise tube billet (8), tubing blank support (6), working water (9), be welded with the drift black box (4) that liquidates, the metal ferrules (7) of high-temperature electric heat element; Third part is a control appliance: comprise temperature controller (11), mould open/close control appliance (12), tubing support mobile control device (13).
Equipment characteristic: 1. the high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the sealing punch, in the forming process, when sealing punch during with the sealing of the pipe openend of topped up with water, the electrothermal high-temperature stove will heat the working water the pipe from pipe inside, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in promptly adopting, and producing the expansion tube wall and the pipe that is shaped is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member; 2. mould separates with the high-temperature electric heat element, so mould can be selected the metal material mould for use; 3. the female mold outside is with warm preheating furnace in, promptly adopts the forming technique of ' planted agent closes ' outward; 4. this equipment not only can processing thin-walled, low intensive metal pipe material (as copper, aluminium alloy etc.), the heavy wall that also can be shaped, high-intensity metal pipe material (as titanium alloy, carbon steel, and stainless steel etc.); 5. this equipment not only can be processed the hollow parts that axis is a straight line, and axis is the hollow parts of curve, and the light body member of the hollow variable cross-section that can be shaped (seeing Fig. 4 A and 4B); 6. this equipment not only can be processed as simple reducing tubular metal member of form such as circle, ellipses, the reducing tubular metal member (seeing Fig. 5 A, 5B, 5C and 5D) that the form that also can be shaped is comparatively complicated.
The 6th content of the present invention is internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once manufacturing process, comprises the steps (seeing Fig. 7 A, 7B, 7C, 7D and 7E):
1) is full of water in the tube billet that at first desire is shaped, the pipe openend sealed with the taper that is welded with the electrothermal high-temperature stove (or spherical) drift that liquidates;
2) tube billet of topped up with water and sealing is placed the concave metal material die cavity of overcoat moderate oven, and pipe and working water are wherein preheated;
3) open the electrothermal high-temperature stove be welded on the sealing punch, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in adopting;
4) along with the progressively rising of water temperature in the pipe, the pressure that is produced by hot operation water also increases sharply, when this high-temperature water (supercritical water) was pressed the tension force that can bear above tube wall, the wall of expansion tubing blank made its distortion, until outer surface of tube wall and spill internal mold surface basically identical;
5) stop heating, when the metal parts of being processed and wherein hot operation water are reduced to safe temperature, open mould and the drift that liquidates, so just obtain various reducing tubular metal member.
This method not only is suitable for processing the part that axis is a straight line, and the axis that can be shaped is the part (as shaping automobile support etc.) of curve, and its method at first is heating to be made the electrothermal high-temperature stove of flexible more piece; With topped up with water in the pipe, and the pipe openend is sealed with the drift that liquidates that is welded with more piece electrothermal high-temperature stove; Then the pipe of topped up with water is bent to it shape of requirement on CNC tube bending machine; Again it is placed into and heats the required part that is shaped in the concave metal mould.
In addition, this technology also is applicable to the hollow unit that manufacturing has the different cross section shape along the member axis, promptly can be shaped along the vicissitudinous hollow unit in member axis cross section by Integratively, and its cross sectional shape can be circle, rectangle or profiled-cross-section etc.
For the variable cross-section hollow unit, conventional fabrication processes is generally and strikes out shape two and half sheets earlier and be welded into integrated member again.The characteristics of high temperature hydraulic forming are to be shaped along the vicissitudinous hollow unit in member axis cross section by Integratively.Compare with the punching press welding procedure, the major advantage of high temperature hydraulic forming is to alleviate quality, economical with materials; Reduce the quantity of part and mould, reduced die cost and production cost; Product strength and rigidity have been improved.
The present invention is the residing state of metal from pressure mechanism of production, shaping medium, forming process no matter, and still all different with at present traditional hydroforming technology and equipment from the element of installation, it is a kind of brand-new technology method and equipment.This method with the difference of conventional hydroforming maximum is: 1. pressure mechanism of production (or source pressure) is different.Source pressure mechanical pressure in hydraulic pump in the conventional hydroforming process, and the huge static pressure that the source pressure in this method is at high temperature produced in water itself; 2. shaping medium difference.The conventional hydraulic shaping medium is normal temperature liquid (water or an oil), and the shaping medium among the present invention is superhigh-pressure high-temp water (being supercritical water), but not traditional liquid; 3. the residing state difference of metal stock in the forming process, metal stock is a dilatancy under the low temperature rigid state in the conventional hydroforming process, and metal stock is a dilatancy under the high-temp plastic state in this method; 4. former assembly that is caused thus and processing method are also different.
In addition, compare with traditional hydroforming, this method has following several respects advantage: 1. cost is low, and the capital equipment assembly is the sealing punch that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element, concave metal material mould, pipe, and working water; 2. the working pressure wide ranges can vary continuously to 2.0 ten thousand atmospheric pressure from tens atmospheric pressure always, even higher; 3. supercharging is very easy to, as long as the electrothermal high-temperature stove that is welded on the sealing punch is heated to 200 ℃, 500 ℃, 1000 ℃ with the working water in the pipe, hot operation water in the pipe just can produce the inner high voltage of 300MPa, 800MPa, 1800MPa, and stepless action in around on the tube wall; 4. institute's processing component wall quality is comparatively even, because the metal pipe is to be bordering on dilatancy under the mecystasis at high temperature, so as long as condition is calculated and control is suitable, the pipe outer wall is owing to the fan-shaped microfissure that is produced that expands just can be avoided or be reduced; 5. can process the difficult tubular metal member (as titanium alloy) that is shaped of high strength, because of being is shaped under the elevated temperature heat state; 6. can process the heavy wall tubular metal member, because of being is shaped under the elevated temperature heat state.
4. description of drawings
Figure 1A is at high temperature produced the immense pressure schematic diagram by water
The canister that will be full of the sealing of water (being that packing density is 100%) is heated to 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃ respectively, and the water in the container will produce the inner high voltage of nearly 200MPa, 800MPa, 1800MPa.
The autoclave of Figure 1B different metal material and wall thickness is expansion experiment embodiment figure under high-temperature water
Figure 1B-1 titanium, molybdenum alloy autoclave expand and rupture diagram (A) under the inner high voltage effect that 350 ℃ of high-temperature water produce
Kettle wall thickness and boss ratio (external diameter 48mm, internal diameter 8mm, boss ratio 1: 6) are (B)
Figure 1B-2 stainless steel autoclave is expansion plans (A) under the inner high voltage effect that 480 ℃ of high-temperature water produce
Kettle wall thickness and boss ratio (external diameter 60mm, internal diameter 8mm, boss ratio 1: 7.5) are (B)
Fig. 2 is a tubing superhigh-pressure high-temp hydraulic pressure once shaping technology schematic diagram of the present invention
Along with the operating temperature of working water increases gradually, also increasing by the pressure that high-temperature water (supercritical water) is produced, the degree that metal parts expands also increases gradually.
A-normal temperature is not out of shape; B-low temperature initial bubble; Warm medium expansion among the c-;
The complete expansion of d-high temperature.
Fig. 3 is HTHP tubing hydroforming principle of the present invention and step schematic diagram
A-adds water, descending patrix; The b-sealing; The c-heating is shaped; The up patrix of d-is opened sealing punch, takes out the reducing tubular metal member.
The special reducing tubular metal member of Fig. 4 part schematic diagram
Present device not only can be processed the hollow unit that axis is a curve, the light body member of the hollow variable cross-section that also can be shaped.
The light body member of the hollow variable cross-section of Fig. 4 A (hollow multidiameter) schematic diagram
A-machined member; B-high temperature internal high pressure forming member
Fig. 4 B axis is the hollow unit of curve variable cross-section
Fig. 5 different shape die cavity once-forming reducing tubular metal member schematic diagram
Fig. 5 A die cavity is leg-of-mutton tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 5 B die cavity is square tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 5 C die cavity is I-shaped tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 5 D die cavity is pentagonal tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is internal heating metal pipe material of the present invention (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once former and main member cross-sectional view
1-metal material mould; Warm preheating furnace among the 2-; The 3-mold shell; 4-is welded with the drift black box that liquidates of high-temperature electric heat element; 5-is welded on electrothermal high-temperature stove (the 51-high-temperature electric heat element on the sealing punch; The 52-insulating coating; The metal coating housing of 53-heating outside); 6-tubing blank support; The 7-metal ferrules; The 8-tube billet; The 9-working water; 10-mould fixed support; The 11-temperature controller; 12-mould open/close control appliance; 13-tubing support mobile control device.
Fig. 7 is internal heating metal pipe material of the present invention (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once manufacturing process and step schematic diagram
Fig. 7 A internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once forming step schematic diagram
1. the tubing blank is carried out preprocessing, make it meet the present device processing request;
Fig. 7 B internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once forming step schematic diagram
2. be full of water in the tube billet that desire is shaped, and the pipe openend sealed with the taper that is welded with the electrothermal high-temperature stove (or spherical) drift that liquidates;
3. the tube billet with topped up with water and sealing places on the tubing blank support, places the concave metal material die cavity of overcoat moderate oven then, and descending patrix utilizes moderate oven that pipe and working water are wherein preheated;
Pipe is in not deformation state of low temperature among the figure.
Fig. 7 C internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once forming step schematic diagram
4. open the electrothermal high-temperature stove be welded on the sealing punch, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in adopting;
5. along with the progressively rising of water temperature in the pipe, the pressure that is produced by hot operation water also increases sharply, and when this high-temperature water (supercritical water) was pressed the tension force that can bear above tube wall, the wall of expansion tubing blank made its distortion;
Pipe is in the initial bubble state among the figure.
Fig. 7 D internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once forming step schematic diagram
6. operating temperature and the operating pressure along with working water in the pipe further raises, and tube wall continues dilatancy, until its outer surface and spill internal mold surface basically identical; Pipe is in high temperature complete expansion state among the figure.
Fig. 7 E internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once forming step schematic diagram
7. stop heating, when the metal parts of being processed and wherein hot operation water are reduced to safe temperature, open mould and the drift that liquidates, take out the reducing tubular metal member of being processed.
5. detailed description of preferred embodiment
The field that this method and technology are suitable for is very wide, it not only can be used for automobile (motorcycle) industry, mechanical industry, light industry, also can be used for naval vessel industry (especially submarine), aircraft industry, aerospace industry (as all kinds of missile airframes etc.) and weapon industry etc.
This is a preferred embodiment with the simplest ellipse (or circular) reducing tubular metal member temporarily, described in specific implementation method and procedure of processing such as Fig. 7 A-7E.
Claims (9)
1. huge static pressure of utilizing water at high temperature to be produced, the technology of once-forming reducing tubular metal member.The present invention is based on the state equation of water, p-V-T graph of a relation and following two groups of superhigh-pressure high-temp thermal simulation experiment results of water.
Its technical characterstic is that inner high voltage required in the forming process derives from the immense pressure that water is at high temperature produced.According to the p-V-T graph of a relation of water and the state equation of water, the density of water changes and changes along with temperature and pressure, and when increased pressure, the density of fluid can change to the density value of liquid water continuously from the density value of steam.At high temperature, during as 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃, keep the density (1g/cm of water under the normal temperature and pressure
3), required external pressure will reach 0.3GPa, 0.8GPa, 1.82GPa respectively.In other words, the canister of water-filled (being that packing density is 100%) sealing is heated to 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃ respectively, high-temperature water in the container will produce the inner high voltage of about 0.3GPa, 0.8GPa, 1.82GPa, and stepless action in around on the chamber wall.We utilize this characteristic of water to carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member just.Be about to water-filled tubing blank, pipe two openends sealed, and put into the concave metal material mould of overcoat moderate oven with the taper that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element (or spherical) sealing punch that liquidates; Then, utilize the electrothermal high-temperature stove be welded on the sealing punch, the mode of heating in adopting directly heats from pipe inside to wherein working water; Progressively rising along with water temperature, the pressure that is produced by hot operation water (supercritical water) in the pipe also increases sharply, when this high temperature hydraulic pressure surpasses the tension force that tube wall can bear, the wall of expansion pipe makes its distortion, until with spill internal mold surface basically identical, so just obtain various reducing tubular metal member.The huge inner high voltage that water at high temperature can produce the pipe that is used for expanding can be confirmed from following two groups of high temperature and pressure experiments.
One group is that external diameter with topped up with water (about 6-7 drips) is 48mm, internal diameter is 8mm, boss ratio is that 1: 6 Rene41 titanium maxter alloy autoclave is sealed by the taper chock plug, puts into the tube furnace by temperature controller control then, and Jia Re mode heats up gradually by pre-set program in addition.When furnace temperature rises to 350 ℃, find to make the outside also breach of explosion long 27mm, a wide 11mm that expands of this titanium maxter alloy autoclave body by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced of kettle inside; Second group of experimental technique is identical with first group, the external diameter that is about to topped up with water (about 8-9 drips) is 60mm, internal diameter is 8mm, boss ratio is that two stainless steel autoclave bodies of 1: 7.5 are sealed by the taper chock plug, put into tube furnace then, Jia Re mode heats up gradually by the program that pre-sets in addition.When furnace temperature rises to 450 ℃ and 480 ℃, cause two stainless steel autoclave bodies all outwards to expand by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced of autoclave inside, the 60mm of kettle external diameter before by experiment dilatancy respectively is 63.1mm and 64.3mm.This phenomenon by we utilize aqueous medium at high temperature the huge static pressure of generation, the once-forming that carries out the reducing tubular metal member provides foundation.
The present invention and at present conventional hydroforming maximum different have 3 points: 1. pressure mechanism of production (or source pressure) difference.The mechanical pressure of source pressure in hydraulic pump in the conventional hydroforming process, and the inner high voltage among the present invention derives from the huge static pressure that the water in the tube billet is at high temperature produced; 2. shaping medium difference.Shaping medium in the conventional hydroforming process is normal temperature liquid (water or an oil), and the shaping medium among the present invention is superhigh-pressure high-temp water (supercritical water), but not traditional liquid; 3. the residing state difference of metal stock in the forming process.Tubing is dilatancy under the low temperature rigid state in the conventional hydroforming process, and metal stock is to be bordering on dilatancy under the mecystasis at high temperature among the present invention; 4. former assembly that is caused thus and processing method are also different.Conventional hydraulic forming equipment is mainly by hydraulic pump, and mould and metal stock are formed, and present device mainly comprises the electrothermal high-temperature stove that is welded on the sealing punch, concave metal material mould, tubing blank and working water four parts.
2. heating and to produce the shaping pipe be the technology and the assembly of the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member in a kind.It is characterized by, the high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the sealing punch, in the forming process, when sealing punch during with the sealing of the pipe openend of topped up with water, the electrothermal high-temperature stove will heat the working water the pipe from pipe inside, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in promptly adopting, and producing the expansion tube wall and the pipe that is shaped is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member.
Present technique mainly is made up of tube billet, the high-temperature electric heat element and working water three parts that are welded on the sealing punch.
3. heating electrothermal high-temperature furnace module in a kind.Be characterized in U-shaped high-temperature electric heat element tightly and securely is welded on the sealing punch, when the drift that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element during with the sealing of the pipe of topped up with water, heating will be from pipe inside heats wherein working water, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in promptly adopting, and making it produce shaping pipe is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member.
This assembly comprises metal coating housing (5-3) three parts of high-temperature electric heat element (5-1), insulating coating (5-2), heating outside.
Heating adopts silicon carbide rod (operating temperature is 1000-1350 ℃), or silication molybdenum bar (operating temperature 1350-1600 ℃ is up to 1800 ℃).Before using silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar are at high temperature carried out sintering; make silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface produce thicker high temperature resistant siliceous insulation and the antioxidation coating of one deck; be wrapped in silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar high-temperature electric heat outside elements with resistant to elevated temperatures metal shell then; thereby avoid heating directly to contact with high-temperature water; with the siliceous insulating barrier of protection silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface, prolong the service life of high-temperature electric heat element.
Tightly and securely on the welded seal drift, this should guarantee absolute insulating properties between heating and working water and the sealing punch to the high-temperature electric heat element, guarantees the sealing of height between heating and sealing punch again together with the metal coating housing of outside.
4. pre-warmed technology of metal pipe material blank and assembly.It is characterized in that at metal material mould outside cover one moderate oven, and tubing blank in the die cavity and working water are wherein preheated through mould.Promptly adopt the heating forming technique of ' planted agent closes ' outward.
5. an internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once former.Equipment mainly is made up of 13 basic building blocks of three parts, and first is heating and former: comprise concave metal material mould (1), be welded on electrothermal high-temperature stove (5), middle temperature preheating furnace (2), mold shell (3), mould fixed support (10) on the sealing punch; Second portion is tubing blank support and black box: comprise tube billet (8), tubing blank support (6), working water (9), be welded with the drift black box (4) that liquidates, the metal ferrules (7) of high-temperature electric heat element; Third part is a control appliance: comprise temperature controller (11), mould open/close control appliance (12), tubing support mobile control device (13).
Equipment characteristic: 1. the high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the sealing punch, in the forming process, when sealing punch during with the sealing of the pipe openend of topped up with water, the electrothermal high-temperature stove will be from pipe inside heats wherein working water, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in promptly adopting, and producing the expansion tube wall and the pipe that is shaped is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member; 2. mould separates with the high-temperature electric heat element, so mould can be selected the metal material mould for use; 3. the female mold outside is with warm preheating furnace in, promptly adopts the forming technique of ' planted agent closes ' outward.
6. an internal heating metal pipe material (surpassing) high temperature ultra high water pressure once manufacturing process.This method step is: 1. be full of water in the tube billet that at first desire is shaped, and with the taper that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element (or spherical) drift that liquidates the pipe openend sealed; 2. the tube billet of topped up with water and sealing is placed the concave metal material die cavity of overcoat moderate oven, then pipe and working water are wherein preheated; 3. open the electrothermal high-temperature stove be welded on the sealing punch, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in adopting; 4. along with the progressively rising of water temperature in the pipe, the pressure that is produced by hot operation water also increases sharply, when this high temperature hydraulic pressure surpassed the tension force that tube wall can bear, the wall of expansion tubing blank made its distortion, until the surperficial basically identical of outer surface of tube wall and spill internal mold; 5. stop heating, when the metal parts of being processed and wherein hot operation water are reduced to safe temperature, open mould and the drift that liquidates, so just obtain various reducing tubular metal member.
This method not only is suitable for processing the part that axis is a straight line, and the axis that can be shaped is the part (as shaping automobile support etc.) of curve.Its method at first is heating to be made the electrothermal high-temperature stove of flexible more piece; With topped up with water in the pipe, and the pipe openend is sealed with the drift that liquidates that is welded with more piece electrothermal high-temperature stove; Then the pipe of topped up with water and sealing is bent to it shape of requirement on CNC tube bending machine; Again it is placed in the metal concave mould of overcoat moderate oven the heating required part that is shaped.
In addition, this technology also is applicable to the hollow unit that manufacturing has the different cross section shape along the member axis, promptly can be shaped along the vicissitudinous hollow unit in member axis cross section by Integratively, and its cross sectional shape can be circle, rectangle or profiled-cross-section etc.
7. heating described in claim 5 and former assembly.Comprise concave metal material mould (1), be welded on high-temperature electric heat element (5), middle temperature preheating furnace (2), mold shell (3), mould fixed support (10) on the sealing punch.
Be characterized in U-shaped high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the sealing punch, when the drift that is welded with the high-temperature electric heat element during with the sealing of the pipe openend of topped up with water, heating will be from pipe inside heats wherein working water, the mode of heating heats working water in the pipe to high temperature in promptly adopting, and produces the required inner high voltage of expansion tube wall.In addition, owing to the electrothermal high-temperature stove separates with mould, so this equipment mould can adopt the metal material mould.Each module diagnostic is as follows:
Die assembly (1): it is characterized by concave metal material mould.About mould is divided into usually (or about) two halves, counterdie is fixed on the support together with the bottom moderate oven.Patrix can free folding and is moved and controlled by hydraulic machinery (12).Upper die and lower die are female mold, and its internal mold form is according to any machinable form that need be limit, as cucurbit shape, beading, square, circular, triangle, trapezoidal etc.Its upper cavity can be identical symmetry with the lower mode cavity form, also can be different asymmetrical.In addition, in the vertical, mould can be straight line, can be various curve mold as required also.
Be welded on the high-temperature electric heat element (5) on the sealing punch: it is characterized by, the high-temperature electric heat element tightly and securely is welded on the sealing punch, when the drift that liquidates seals the pipe openend, the high-temperature electric heat element will be from pipe inside heats wherein working water, makes it produce expansion tube wall and the pipe that is shaped is the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member.This assembly comprises metal coating housing (5-3) three parts of high-temperature electric heat element (5-1), insulating coating (5-2), heating outside.
Heating adopts silicon carbide rod (operating temperature is 1000-1350 ℃), or silication molybdenum bar (operating temperature 1350-1600 ℃ is up to 1800 ℃).Before using silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar are at high temperature carried out sintering; make silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface produce thicker high temperature resistant siliceous insulation and the antioxidation coating of one deck; be wrapped in silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar high-temperature electric heat outside elements with resistant to elevated temperatures metal shell then; thereby avoid heating directly to contact with high-temperature water; with the siliceous insulating barrier of protection silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface, prolong the service life of high-temperature electric heat element.
The high-temperature electric heat element is together with the metal coating housing of outside tightly and securely on the welded seal drift; this should guarantee absolute insulating properties between heating and working water and the sealing punch, guarantees that again sealing punch still has tight sealing under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
In warm electrothermal furnace assembly (2).It is characterized in that making by high-resistance alloy (as Ni-Cr and Fe-Cr-Al alloy) heating (heating wire or ribbon heater), tightly be enclosed within the outside of concave metal material mould (1), match with mould, also be divided into upper and lower (or about) two parts, its folding and move and control by hydraulic machinery (12).Its effect is that pipe and working water are wherein preheated.
The intensification of high temperature furnace and moderate oven, constant temperature, cooling are controlled by Temperature-controlled appliance (11).
Mold shell assembly (3) is to be processed by thick steel products, and fastening mould is played in the outside of warm electrothermal furnace in tightly being enclosed within, the impulsive force in the time of can bearing the tubing thermal expansion.Outer cover of steel plate matches with mould (1) and moderate oven (2), also is divided into two halves up and down, and its folding is controlled by hydraulic machinery (12).
Mould fixed support (10): be characterized as by high strength steel or cast iron and process, effect is fixing counterdie.
8. tubing blank support and the black box described in claim 5.Comprise tube billet (8), tubing blank support (6), working water (9), the drift that liquidates (4), metal ferrules (7).Its feature is as follows:
Tubing blank bracket component (6) is processed by high strength steel or cast iron, and effect is to place and fixing tubing blank.
Drift black box (4) liquidates.It is characterized by, the taper or the spherical drift that are formed by high-strength alloy materials processing and be welded with the high-temperature electric heat element are with the conical surface-conical surface, the conical surface-ball face sealing of tubing openend employing based on elastic deformation.This drift is fixed on the tubing blank support (6), by moving axially the sealed tube blank openend of exerting pressure.It moves and exerts pressure and controlled by tubing support mobile control device (13).
Metal ferrules (7).It is characterized in that a kind of metal ferrules that processes by high temperature resistant, high-strength alloy material (as titanium alloy etc.), tightly be enclosed within on the pipe between sealing punch and the mould, its effect is to prevent that pipe from expanding in forming process at first from here, thus limit pipe only female mould cavities in expand.
Tube billet (8) be all kinds, different-thickness, different in the metal pipe material of external diameters, comprise high-intensity titanium alloy, carbon steel, and metal materials such as stainless steel, copper, aluminium alloy.
Working water in the tube billet (9) is a light water, adds a spot of ethylene glycol during work, to reduce high-temperature high pressure water (supercritical water) to pipe and the corrosivity that is welded on the high-temperature electric heat element on the sealing punch.Its charging quantity and packing density, different and different with the thickness of the character (intensity, yield temperature, the coefficient of expansion, ductility etc.) of metal pipe material, degrees of expansion, tube wall etc.
9. the control appliance described in claim 5.Comprise temperature controller (11), mould open/close control appliance (12), tubing support mobile control device (13).Its feature is as follows:
Temperature-controlled appliance assembly (11) is used for controlling intensification, cooling and the constant temperature of high temperature furnace and moderate oven.Thermocouple has two kinds, and a kind of is nichrome alumino-nickel couple, and temperature measurement accuracy can reach 0.2 ℃; Another kind is a platinum platinum-rhodium thermocouple, and temperature measurement accuracy can reach 0.2 ℃.This Temperature-controlled appliance is a kind of programmable temperature programming controller.
Mould open/close control appliance assembly (12) adopts the mode of hydraulic machinery control, in order to the folding of control patrix with move.And in tubing blank forming process, mould is applied certain external force, thus make the tubing blank touch mould in a flash in expansion, can not be subjected to displacement between upper die and lower die.
Tubing blank support mobile control device assembly (13).Employing hydraulic machinery control, by about, the mode that moves of all around, in first being processed the tubing blank is put into the female mould cavities (1) of overcoat moderate oven exactly, after metal parts machines again with its quick taking-up.
In addition, this plant equipment control simultaneously to tubing blank two ends a pair of in a state of excitement the head apply axially to stamping press, with feeding feed supplement and sealed tube openend.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005100936493A CN1824417A (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Internal beating metal pipe material (ultra) high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005100936493A CN1824417A (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Internal beating metal pipe material (ultra) high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and equipment |
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| CN1824417A true CN1824417A (en) | 2006-08-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005100936493A Pending CN1824417A (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Internal beating metal pipe material (ultra) high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and equipment |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1824417A (en) |
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