CN1820665A - Smoking article aerosol generating agent, aerosol generating fuel and smoking article - Google Patents
Smoking article aerosol generating agent, aerosol generating fuel and smoking article Download PDFInfo
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- CN1820665A CN1820665A CN 200510079014 CN200510079014A CN1820665A CN 1820665 A CN1820665 A CN 1820665A CN 200510079014 CN200510079014 CN 200510079014 CN 200510079014 A CN200510079014 A CN 200510079014A CN 1820665 A CN1820665 A CN 1820665A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smoking article having a high proportion of non-combustible, inorganic material and a relatively low level of visible sidestream. The smoking article comprises a substantially non-combustible wrapper which extends along the full length of the smoking material rod and enwraps a combustible fuel source and aerosol generating means, both of which extend substantially along the length of the smoking material rod. Various suitable fuel source systems and aerosol generating systems are described. The article has a visible burn line which advances along the article and produces an ash which can be removed by the smoker inthe normal way.
Description
Present patent application is that present patent application is that application number is 03143497.5, the applying date is September 6 nineteen ninety-five, denomination of invention is divided an application for the Chinese patent application of " aerosol generating agent that the fuel of cigarette products, cigarette products are used and aerosol generation fuel and cigarette products ", and the latter is for application number is 95195839.9, the applying date is that September 6 nineteen ninety-five, denomination of invention are the dividing an application of Chinese patent application of " smoking article ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a class cigarette products (smoking articles), relate to specifically different with traditional structure and combustion system, but the still similar cigarette products of outward appearance to the traditional cigarette goods.
Background technology
Many people once attempted producing a kind of tobacco product that the aerosol that is similar to tobacco leaf cigarette can be provided to the smoker.Some idea is to concentrate on to want to make a kind of aerosol generating agent, and fuel around using such as pipe tobacco are to the aerosol generating agent heating and produce aerosol smog from aerosol generating agent.The cigarette that fuel sends is kept off smoke stratification and is blocked in the mouth that can not enter the smoker, and aerosol smog then can flow to the smoker.At United States Patent (USP) 3,258, can see these trials among 015 (Ellis) and 3,356,094 (Ellis).Described first patent is advised a kind of cigarette products, its outside is the cylinder of making of fuel, this fuel has good smouldering characteristic, preferable material is pipe tobacco or duplicates tobacco, this cylinder surrounds a metal tube, and metal tube comprises tobacco leaf, duplicates tobacco leaf or other nicotine and steam raw material.The major defect of this goods is can expose metal tube at last when the tobacco leaf fuel consumption is fallen.Other shortcoming comprises can form a large amount of tobacco leaf thermal decomposition products and a large amount of tobacco leaf by-pass flow cigarettes.This design had been done improvement afterwards in above-mentioned second patent, its pipe has for example adopted inorganic salts or epoxy-bonded ceramic material to manufacture, and these materials can become fragile when heating, and the smoker can be as except that cigarette ash it being removed.In this invention, still have a large amount of tobacco leaf thermal decomposition products and because the observable by-pass flow cigarette that the tobacco leaf burning generates.
About the aerosol suction apparatus, for example european patent application No.0 174 645 and 0 339690 has just described a kind of aerosol generating agent, and it and fuel element are separated, and utilizing conducts heat produces aerosol.The main feature of these inventions is, aerosol generating agent is always separated with fuel element, and always utilizes from the heat transfer of heat conducting element and heat, and itself never burns.Fuel element is always very short for this reason, is contained in an end of cigarette products, keeps directly not contacting with aerosol generating agent.
Other device, and mainly be that the device that upgrades comprises the device described in GB 1 185 887 (Synectics), US 5,060,667 (Strubel) and the EPA 0 405 190 (R.J.Reynolds).In all these devices, the patentee makes the cover tubular to fuel element, is centered around on the aerosol generating agent.
What GB 1 185 857 provided to the smoker is the inorganic cigarette of the salt that is easy to absorb basically, and the cigarette ash that is produced then can be removed with common mode by the smoker.But therefore this cigarette products infers that it can discharge a certain amount of visible by-pass flow cigarette because cellulose components is arranged in individual component.
US 5,060, and 667 provide a kind of fuel element that contains tobacco, it be looped around around the coaxial setting of metal heat transfer pipe, metal tube has a flange lighting end, with the cigarette that tobacco leaf was produced that prevents to burn by wrapping in the perfume material around the heat-transfer pipe outward.Have only the aerosol that from perfume material, produces just can send the smoker to.This device does not burn, and smoke material is to have burnt, and these goods also produce visible by-pass flow cigarette when perfume material is provided, and it also uses the expensive material such as the tobacco leaf of significant percentage.
EPA 0 405 190 seeks to provide a kind of cigarette products, and it utilizes and makes tobacco leaf heating rather than burning provide the happy of smoking to the smoker.This goods majority comprises following a few part: cylindrical shape carbonaceous fuel section; The physically separated aerosol generating agent that is arranged on fuel section inside with one heart; Slider between fuel section and aerosol generating agent, it can stop fluid flow path basically to passing through, and can be sucked and dispose arbitrarily along with cigarette products; And mouthful rank section.Because fuel is annular cylinder shape on aerosol generating agent, this becomes favourable with regard to the way below making: with an insulating sleeve fuel is vertically centered on exactly, and then get up with traditional cigarette paper winding in the sleeve outside.Also proposed the opinion of a complete flexible embodiment, it comprises the coaxial carbonaceous fuel of a lingering, and at vertical total length winding one deck insulator, insulator is winding one deck tobacco leaf on total length again outward, and tobacco leaf then wraps in the cigarette paper.Tobacco leaf only is heated and does not burn, and this is consistent with other embodiment, but different with other embodiment of EPA 0 405 190 be that when tobacco leaf was burnt down, this device did not burn.Concrete actual embodiment is not described in the literary composition, so the suggestion of seemingly making a cart behind closed doors or talking about stratagems on paper of this embodiment.As if the patentee will realize that this special imagination has some difficulty to have to be overcome.This is envisioned for makes the tobacco leaf that the material that produces aerosol has also used considerable costliness, and the smoker never experienced its flavour truly.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cigarette products that does not produce a lot of tobacco leaf thermal decomposition products.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cigarette products that has only few visible by-pass flow cigarette, its visible by-pass flow cigarette is wanted much less than the regular-size cigarette goods of existing suggestion, it comprises the tobacco leaf rod of making of pipe tobacco, its outer cigarette paper that is surrounded by, cigarette paper contains the compound that can reduce visible by-pass flow cigarette, and cigarette paper is exactly the paper that can reduce visible by-pass flow cigarette in other words.
When a further object of the invention will be stated purpose in realization, also to make cigarette products keep resembling the traditional appearance of the cigarette known to we basically today.
Another object of the present invention is to keep the physical factor of smoking process constant, and the physical factor of described smoking process comprises makes the cigarette ashing, to produce the cigarette ash that can be removed with normal mode by the smoker.
The invention provides a kind of cigarette products, it has the rod of cigarette material, rod comprises incombustible basically surrounding layer, surrounding layer is basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod, and flammable fuel and aerosol generating agent in winding, the basic upper edge of fuel the length extending of cigarette material rod, and aerosol generating agent is also basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod.
Terminology used here " cigarette material rod " or " cigarette material " plan refers to be enclosed in the cigarette products that part within the incombustible basically surrounding layer, should not mix the association of a flammable class, should not think the single component of cigarette material rod conversely yet.
The present invention provides a kind of cigarette products in addition, it has the cigarette material rod, rod comprises incombustible basically surrounding layer, surrounding layer is basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod, and flammable fuel and aerosol generating agent in winding, the total length that the basic upper edge of fuel the cigarette material rod stretches, and aerosol generating agent then is placed between fuel and the surrounding layer, basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod.
The invention provides a kind of incombustible basically cigarette products surrounding layer, this surrounding layer is by accounting for most noninflammability inorganic filling material, adhesive, optional plasticizer, and optional small amount of fibers cellulose fiber material is formed.
Incombustible inorganic filling material is granular materials preferably, even is more preferably nonmetallic materials.
The present invention also provides the method for the incombustible basically cigarette products surrounding layer of manufacturing, this surrounding layer comprises and accounts for most noninflammability inorganic filling material and adhesive, this manufacture method comprises the mixture of making noninflammability inorganic filling material and adhesive, this mixture extrusion molding is made the pipe of hollow, and with this hollow tube with can make hollow tube rapidly the material of sclerosis contact.
Can make the material that hollow tube hardens rapidly can be to remove water substance, and it removes moisture contained in the extrudate.Alternative way is, this material can be to make the soluble binding agent in the mixture become insoluble a kind of solution, or a kind of hydrophilic substance, and it can remove the water in the aqueous mixture.
The fuel that the present invention also provides a kind of cigarette products to use, the length of this fuel is essentially the total length of cigarette products, and this fuel comprises carbonaceous material, inorganic non-combustible adhesive and optional accelerating agent.
The invention provides the fuel that a kind of cigarette products is used, its length is essentially the total length of cigarette products, and this fuels sources comprises carbon, noninflammability inorganic filling material, organic bond, optional plasticizer and optional inorganic bond.
The aerosol generating agent that cigarette products provided by the invention is used comprises: noninflammability inorganic filling material, aerosol generate agent, and organic or inorganic adhesive.
The aerosol generating agent that the present invention also provides a kind of cigarette products to use, it comprises that organic filler material, aerosol generate agent, organic bond and optional noninflammability inorganic filling material.
The invention provides the fuel that aerosol can take place that a kind of cigarette products is used, it comprises that noninflammability inorganic filling material, aerosol generate agent, organic or inorganic adhesive and carbon.
The fuel that aerosol can take place that the present invention also provides a kind of cigarette products to use, it comprises organic filler material, optional noninflammability inorganic filling material, aerosol generate agent, organic bond and carbon.
Basically incombustible surrounding layer
Basically incombustible surrounding layer is preferably formed by accounting for most noninflammability inorganic filling material.Terminology used here " accounts for major part " and refers to minimum about 65%, normally minimum about 70%.It is favourable that inorganic filling material seldom or does not basically produce visible by-pass flow cigarette with generation after lighting at cigarette products.The noninflammability surrounding layer preferably include for surrounding layer weight at least 80%, be more preferably at least 90% inorganic filling material.It is favourable that the noninflammability inorganic filling material adopts following one or more: perlite, vermiculite, diatomite, colloidal silica, chalk, magnesia, magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate or other low-density noninflammability inorganic filling material well known to those skilled in the art.
Can comprise a spot of cellulosic fibre material in the noninflammability surrounding layer.This fibrous material preferably comprises and is less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, even more preferably less than 2% (weight) noninflammability surrounding layer.It is the most favourable not containing fibrous material in the surrounding layer.
Preferably contain adhesive and/or plasticizer in the surrounding layer.The amount of these components can be up to 30% of surrounding layer weight.The adhesive that contains is favourable with 25% of no more than surrounding layer weight.Definite ratio will depend on the intensity of sense of taste index, acceptable visible by-pass flow cigarette divergence and required product, also depend on the process technology that is adopted.Contained adhesive can be about 8-10% of surrounding layer weight, although also can only account for surrounding layer weight about 5% or still less.Adhesive can be an organic bond, for example cellulose derivative such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose or cellulose ether, the alginic acid adhesive, comprise solubility alginates such as ammonium alginate, mosanom, calcium sodium alginate, calcium alginate ammonium, potassium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, alginic acid triethanolamine and propylene glycol alginate, or can make it to become the insoluble alginates such as the ammonium hydroxide of solubility behind the adding solubilizer.The example comprises alginic acid aluminium, alginic acid copper, Zinc alginate and alginic acid silver.Also can use former solubility before this, but can make it in the end to become insoluble alginates in the product through handling in process, for example mosanom becomes calcium alginate (as follows).Other organic bond comprises that natural gum is as gum arabic, Indian gum, gum tragacanth, karayagum, perverse locust bean gum, acacin, guar gum, Quince smoke tree glue or synthesising biological polymeric gel, perhaps gel such as agar, agarose, carrageenan, fucose and furcella glue (furcellaran), pectin and pectin material also can be used as adhesive.Starch also can be used as organic bond.Other natural gum that is suitable for can with reference to as industrial natural gum (IndustrialGums), the such handbook of Ed.Whistler (publishing house of the academy of sciences) is chosen.Above-mentioned kind combines also and can use.Inorganic noninflammability adhesive such as potassium silicate, magnesia and potassium silicate or the composition of some cement for example, and their mixture also can use.
Though surrounding layer is not emitted a lot, if having a bit, visible by-pass flow cigarette, the sure cigarette ash that produces acceptable shade and quality.Cigarette products also has visible burning line, and it advances along the length of goods, makes the smoker can confirm whether cigarette products is lighted, and monitors smoking process.As seen the line that burns may be the result of organic bond burning.Can be flexible be in outsourcing-layer composition, to comprise electrochromic compound.The colouring agent that can make surrounding layer be non-white also can be included in its composition.These colouring agents also can change color when being heated, present visible burning line, for example CuSO45H2O.
The character of selected adhesive is also determining the gas permeability of surrounding layer.Adhesive as sodium carboxymethylcellulose and propylene glycol alginate has been found in the surrounding layer that produces enough gas permeabilities and has supported that the fuel combustion aspect in the surrounding layer is effective especially.A kind of adhesive in back is formed under the identical situation at surrounding layer can make it more penetrating.The hydration recovery time of some adhesive has certain effect aspect the usefulness of determining adhesive.Think high-strength adhesive such as hydroxypropyl cellulose traditionally, can use gas permeability on a small quantity, but this must average out with the intensity of looking after surrounding layer with the enhancing surrounding layer.
In surrounding layer, plasticizer loading can be up to 20% of surrounding layer weight.Preferred plasticizer content be surrounding layer weight about 10% or still less, be more preferably 5% or still less.Plasticizer can be glycerine, propane diols or for example low-melting fat or oil.According to the method for selected production surrounding layer, also plasticizer-containing not in the outsourcing-layer composition.Plasticizer can help prevent distortion at the surrounding layer drying stage, is like this when adopting direct heat source such as hot-air to make drying medium particularly.The population size of plasticizer, adhesive or other organic filler material can have influence on the outward appearance of burning line, the width of the line that promptly burns, and cigarette products is emitted the quantity of visible by-pass flow cigarette.The width of preferred burn line is not greater than 10mm, preferably is not more than 5mm, is more preferably width between 2-3mm.The width of burning line depends on the composition of incendiary material in the cigarette products.
Surrounding layer may contain can provide the not material of good odour to presumable by-pass flow cigarette.Suitable deodorant comprises for example citronellal, vanillic aldehyde, geraniol etc.
Can produce the thick slurry of surrounding layer component when making surrounding layer earlier, then thick slurry is coated on the core of rotation, remove redundant moisture with method physics or chemistry more subsequently.The way that substitutes is to pour into thin plate to thick slurry on cydariform or band shape mold; Perhaps it is squeezed into hollow tube by for example " torpedo " shape die head, this die head has solid section; Also can be squeezed into light sheet material.Also can be sprayed onto thick slurry, be coated onto or fuel/aerosol assembly that pump is extracted into suitable shaping gets on.
Extrusion process should suitably carry out under the pressure of surrounding layer gas permeability, for example the suitable pressure on the pressing mold of push rod extruder clings to (900 kPa) for being not more than 9 for being not more than 3-4 crust (300-400 kPa) concerning APV Baker Perkins screw extruder.Extrusion process can require to be shaped when pressing mold withdraws from, and makes a cellular structure, and being shaped when pressing mold withdraws to add bigger pressure on pressing mold, can also keep the gas permeability of extrudate simultaneously.
After extruding or coating, should be suitably make it withdraw from die head the core heating of hollow extrudate or coating to remove redundant moisture.Can comprise potassium silicate, magnesia or hydroxypropyl cellulose that the adhesive of meeting thermal activation such as activation temperature are higher than 40-50 ℃ in the thick slurry of surrounding layer.Thereby make the core or the heating of hollow extrudate that have been coated with thick slurry make the surrounding layer sclerosis by activated adhesive.Using infrared ray or heating using microwave as directly the heating thermal source is more favourable, for example, use hot air blower will influence the shape of extrudate, particularly is like this when temperature is higher than 100 ℃.
Pushing available single screw rod or twin (double) screw extruder, push rod extruder or slurry pump carries out.
The suitable thickness of surrounding layer should be in the 0.1-1.0mm scope, though also may require 2-3mm thick.Required thickness depends on the weight and the gas permeability of surrounding layer.Therefore,, can provide fine and close thin surrounding layer, also can provide thick low-density surrounding layer according to the composition of outsourcing layer.
The possible alternative of surrounding layer sclerosis comprises using removes water substance.Removing water substance and can remove moisture in the surrounding layer slurry, in fact is exactly to make the surrounding layer drying.For example, the ratio of the magnesia of lightweight in the thick pulp mixture of surrounding layer done 45% of composition weight in can be up to thick slurry, and this depends on time of staying in extruder and the temperature in the extruder.It also is favourable adding magnesia, and it has the effect that reduces the by-pass flow cigarette.A kind of alternative way is arranged, and is to immerse outsourcing layer extruding back in ethanol bath or other the strong hydrophilic substance, and ethanol can be got rid of moisture from extrudate.Another possible alternative is to be the solubility alginates precipitation in the surrounding layer of extrusion molding insoluble alginates.For example, can make like this: be pressed into hollow tube of the outsourcing layer that contains mosanom, for example immerse then in 1.0 moles the single electrolyte of calcium chloride solution.Calcium ion makes extrudate harden soon especially with regard to replacing sodium ion.In the two kinds of methods in back also available on extrudate or the surrounding layer thin plate way of sprinkling deicer substitute extrudate sent into liquid bath.
Some precipitation also can be done like this: add the precipitant of subcritical quantity earlier in the tube of extruder garden, the quantity that increases precipitant then after extruding finishes again is so that the complete precipitation of hollow tubular structure.Other precipitation method comprises the extrudate highly Ionized electrolysis bath of liquid of immersion or immerses in the alginates non-solvent water immiscible material.
Other method also is included in the common insoluble alginates of the usefulness of once simply mentioning when telling about adhesive as jointing material, and adding solubilizer makes it to become solvable, removes solubilizer then or adds chelating agent so that the surrounding layer structure hardening.
These methods can successively be used, and for example, surrounding layer can harden with carrying out precipitation in the bath that the outsourcing layer that contains the solubility alginates is immersed contain calcium ion.Then extrudate is sent into deicer and bathe as in the ethanol bath, residual liquid is removed in heating then.The way that substitutes is that available said method carries out drying in surrounding layer sclerosis back.
These methods because reaction speed is fast, and does not reduce volume in process, particularly do not reduce volume at drying stage, and are therefore effective especially to the intact profile that keeps extrudate.
Surrounding layer can be a solid structure, although we have found to make adhesive with mosanom, then in addition precipitation become calcium alginate and slowly drying can make flexible surrounding layer.With regard to increasing the robustness of product when mechanical and hand-filling are carried, flexibility is favourable.
The air penetrability of surrounding layer is at (the cc/min/1cm of 1-300 Ke Ruisita unit (Coresta Units)
2/ 10cm WG) relatively suitably.Air penetrability can be controlled in many ways, for example may be configured as film or other minimizing air penetrability agent coated extrudate.The way that substitutes is to introduce sacrificial molecule (sacrificial molecules) toward the surrounding layer mixture in, and these molecules form afterwards available suitable temperature or chemical reaction is removed in structure, so just can increase the air penetrability of surrounding layer structure.
Another way is, the material of the plain base of surrounding layer usable fibers is made, as with traditional cigarette paper, but must be through anti-flaming processing, in order to avoid produce visible by-pass flow cigarette.The paper energy carbonization of preferred this processing, thus visible burning line can be provided.This paper also should be able to generate ash, so that the smoker can knock out it gently.
The ashing characteristic of surrounding layer should be: do not burn, before burning and sucking and burn and suck enough intensity of Shi Yingyou or flexibility, can withstand the pressure of finger, but after the surrounding layer thermal degradation, its structure is promptly significantly weak, stays one section cigarette ash, can or flick action owing to extruding and be easy to burst apart.Some surrounding layer may add the cigarette ash carburization agent, and the carbonization of this carburization agent energy stays some black residue to imitate traditional cigarette ash.
Fuel
Fuel is preferably held to be stretched over continuously from the mouth rank of cigarette products and is lighted end, without filter tip or any mouthful of rank section.Another way is that fuel can comprise many sections of closely putting, so that make the unlikely interruption of the burning of fuel.
It is favourable that the outward appearance that cigarette products is lighted end resembles traditional cigarette.The color that cigarette products is lighted end is tobacco or dark proper, for example brown.
Available three kinds of different systems provide fuel, but may and use sometimes between three kinds of systems.In these systems, fuel all is physically separated with aerosol generating agent.
At fuel is rod shape and when physically separating with aerosol generating agent, the fuel of first kind of system can be suitably prepares with carbonaceous material such as cork wood bar, cotton, artificial silk, tobacco leaf or other material that contains fiber of pyrolysis timber, and it is done the useful especially shape of paired the present invention.In this system, contain the RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON material of 85% (weight) in the fuel at least.Preferably, contain at least 90% carbonaceous material in the fuel.Containing 10% (weight) or accelerating agent still less in the fuel also is favourable as potassium nitrate, potassium citrate or potassium chlorate.Suitable accelerating agent in addition may be clearly for a person skilled in the art.The another kind of almost system of carbon containing comprises the aeroge that uses carbon fiber or carbon.
Terminology used here " carbon " can comprise it being separately the material of carbon and any carbon precursor basically, as carbonaceous material.Used term carbonaceous material comprises that by the material of pyrolysis, this material mainly is to contain carbon, but also still may have some imperfect combustion products in invention.For example, the cocoanut fiber that is easy to pyrolysis just can be used as in order to derive the carbonaceous material of carbon.
In second kind of system, fuel can be the inorganic basically system that includes inorganic noninflammability adhesive, chooses can be when surrounding layer is told about in the front listed each prong material of these noninflammability adhesives, for example portland cement or potassium silicate.The content of adhesive can account for the 10-65% of weight of fuel.The content of adhesive accounts for the more favourable below 40% of weight of fuel.Also can contain the accelerating agent that calculates 5-20% by the weight of fuel in the fuel, preferably less than 10%.Can contain the carbon of the 25-70% of its weight in the fuel, advantageously contain at least 55% carbon, more suitably be to contain at least 60% carbon.But we find, when fuel is made the rod shape, contain 30% the carbon of having an appointment, 60% inorganic non-combustible adhesive and are less than the fuel of about 10% accelerating agent, and its combustion characteristics still keeps and can accept.In this alternative way, can in conjunction with the additional proportion scope the inorganic noninflammability filler of 0-60% also, with density that reduces fuel or the intensity of improving fuel.
In this case, fuel can for example be made the shaping rod of carbon, and it has loose structure, can keep fuel continuous burning from the beginning to the end.Preferred forming technique should can the dehydration of sharp ground in rod is shaped.One of production method of fuel is, makes the thick slurry that contains carbon and adhesive at the hollow tube internal shaping, the rod that is shaped shifted out from pipe after maintenance stage or sclerosis stage finish again.The way that substitutes is to use extrusion process.
In the third system, fuel is local organically system, it comprises the carbon of 15-70%, when surrounding layer is told about in the noninflammability inorganic filling material of 84-5% such as front in the cited inorganic filling material one or more, cited glycerine or other material when surrounding layer is told about in the plasticizer of 0-5% such as front, and the organic bond of 1-20% such as cellulose gum, phycocolloid, pectin adhesive and/or front described other organic bond when telling about surrounding layer.The mixture of also available inorganic or organic bond, inorganic bond can account for the 0-20% of weight of fuel.The adding plasticizer is mechanical strength and the flexibility in order to improve fuel, after its quantity adds the quantity of organic bond, should not generate the mainstream smoke of considerable amount.If the mainstream smoke that organic bond generates be particulate matter seldom, then can use the organic bond of more amount.The quantity of carbon submits to the type and the quantity of used adhesive and/or filler, and therefore above-mentioned scope should not limit deadly excessively.The quantity of required carbon also depends on the composition of surrounding layer.Require surrounding layer that bigger gas permeability is arranged when in addition, used low-carbon (LC) amount will be than high-carbon quantity.The optimal content range of carbon is 25-35%.
Extruding can be the low pressure extruding by nozzle, and used driving force is not more than atmospheric pressure basically, perhaps also available high-pressure extrusion operation.May require to make extrudate to bubble to make loose structure, be that so this depends on the design of final products to second kind with the third system particularly.In second kind of system, can make the extrudate inflation with the noninflammability adhesive that replaces a certain proportion of first machine and/or the way of presumable inorganic filler with introducing air-entrainment.Air-entrainment can be additive powdery or liquid, or the granular materials of porous.In the third system, when requiring to foam, available adding for example polysaccharide inflating medium such as starch realizes, also can utilize the bulking effect of water under HTHP.Inflating medium can be used to replace adhesive or plasticizer or presumable inorganic filler.Other inflating medium such as amylopectin or other polysaccharide comprise that cellulose derivative also can use.Other reagent that can cause foaming can have: solid-state foaming agent, and as sodium acid carbonate, inorganic salts and organic acid, they can produce gaseous reagent on the spot; Organic gas reagent such as propane or iso-butane; Inorganic gaseous reagent such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide or air; And volatile liquid foaming agent such as ethanol and acetone etc.Preferably use the polysaccharide inflating medium, because they use safety, convenient.
Can make the strand of elongate strip with the way of extruding, they can vertically dispose, and perhaps make thicker solid rod, and they are preferably in the inner coaxial arrangement of cigarette material rod.Under preceding two kinds of ways, that is under pyrolysis structure and the inorganic system, the center rod can replace with several thin strands.Also can squeeze out thin plate, then be chopped into the such chopping filler of similar pipe tobacco inserts.These technologies are all applicable to the aerosol generation fuel of making fuel, aerosol generating agent and following combination.The casting of band shape, the casting of heating cydariform and other thin plate manufacturing technology also can be used.
In all above-mentioned fuel schemes, except that the embodiment of pyrolysis rod, all can select the fiber of 0-2% for use.This also is applicable to the method for preparing aerosol generating agent, and this method relates to casting or paper technology.
Aerosol generating agent of the present invention can provide with three kinds of different systems, but three kinds of systems may and be used sometimes.
First kind of system can be inorganic basically system, and it comprises: the inorganic noninflammability adhesive of 95-30% such as top those adhesives of describing when telling about fuel; The noninflammability inorganic filling material of 0-65% such as top those materials of describing when telling about fuel; And the aerosol of 5-30% generation agent, see following description.
Second kind of system can be the inorganic system of part, and it comprises: the organic bond of 1-25%; The noninflammability inorganic filling material of 45-94%; And the 5-30% aerosol generates agent.The third system can be an organically system of part, and it comprises: the organic bond of 1-25%; The organic filler material of 1-94%; The inorganic filling material of 0-93%; And the aerosol of 5-30% generates agent.Preferably aerosol generates the 5-25% that agent accounts for mixture weight.It is non-flame properties basically that these systems are intended to make.Therefore, inorganic filling material combines with the ratio of other material, is to select to such an extent that can provide incombustible basically aerosol generating agent.
It is non-flame properties that some inorganic filler such as perlite, magnesium hydroxide and magnesia can make aerosol generating agent become easily.Other filler such as chalk, the combustibility of the aerosol generating agent that under certain blending amount, can not detract, therefore this filler is inapplicable under these blending amounts.
Organic filler can comprise organic acid inorganic salts or polysaccharide material preferably without tobacco leaf, and the cigarette of acceptable sense of taste characteristic must be able to be provided.
These two kinds of systems have represented two in the scope extreme, and in this scope, the inorganic and organic component of adhesive and packing material can replace mutually step by step.Also can add those that a certain amount of inflating medium such as front described in the third system, in order to a part as organic filler material.Contain in the example of aerosol generating agent: 20% organic bond; 20% aerosol generates agent; 15% starch as inflating medium; And 45% inorganic filling material.Also can comprise the material that produces fragrance in the aerosol generating agent.
Also may require to use a spot of fibrous material to laminate with help in above-mentioned several systems, this will decide on the mode of production.
The contained preferred aerosol of aerosol generating agent generates agent and is for example polyalcohol, glycerine, propane diols, triethylene glycol etc., perhaps ester class such as triethyl citrate or glycerol triacetate, perhaps high boiling hydrocarbon.
In the cigarette material rod, flavouring agent is to design to be used for making every effort to make a kind of aerosol cigarette with the unique but very acceptable sense of taste and aroma characteristic.Taste and fragrance that this taste and fragrance not necessarily will imitate tobacco leaf design.Flavouring agent can comprise that for example tobacco leaf extracts essence, menthol, vanillic aldehyde, taffy, chocolate or cacao essence etc.Coloring material is as food-grade colorant or colouring agent such as Radix Glycyrrhizae, caramel, Fructus Hordei Germinatus or their extract, the color that can be used to deepen packing material.Add vermiculite or other inorganic material,, also can make the color of cigarette products packing material become deeper and more as iron oxide.
Flavouring agent also can be added on the matrix or add in the matrix, this matrix can be aerosol generating agent and/or fuel, added place should be that cigarette products cigarette material rod mouth rank is held nearby, if flavouring agent is not influenced by ignition temperature, also can be added on the whole length of cigarette material rod.The percentage that provides previously is at the percentage that does not add under the flavouring agent situation.Added the adding flavouring agent, these percentages should reduce thereupon.When in aerosol generating agent or fuel, having inorganic or during organic filler material, the percentage of these compositions reduces along with increasing of flavouring agent.When not having packing material, then or carbon or aerosol generate agent and reduce along with increasing of flavouring agent.
As mentioned above, aerosol generating agent can be made with traditional paper technology or extrusion technique.Light sheet material can shred or scroll.The inorganic filling material of these systems making before the complete aerosol generation mixture, just can be used for the system mixture without pretreatment stage.
As mentioned above, it is discrete mutually basically that fuel of the present invention and aerosol generating agent keep, the field of each self-forming different in kind, or fuel, or aerosol generating agent.But in some cases, these two combination of elements are favourable together.Physically separated fuel and aerosol generating material are mixed or produce the aerosol generation fuel of overall combination, just can accomplish this point.Under first kind of situation, embodiment preferred is that the chopping packing material of fuel is mixed with the chopping packing material of aerosol generating agent.Like this, just made the aerosol generation fuel that contains the independent chopping packing material mixture that physically separates, packing material wherein is stretched in the total length of cigarette material rod.The point of this embodiment advantageous particularly is, it can to the extremely similar state of traditional cigarette fabrication schedule under make, promptly as long as the mixture of the packing material of chopping is provided to cigarette manufacturing machine.Under second kind of situation, in the composition of aerosol generating agent, add carbon.
Aerosol generation fuel can provide with three kinds of different systems, but three kinds of systems may and be used sometimes.First kind of system is most of inorganic system, and it comprises: the inorganic filling material of 0-35%; The aerosol of 5-30% generates agent; The inorganic bond of 30-60%; The carbon of 30-65%, and the accelerating agent of 0-10%.Choose one group of material that aerosol generation agent can be enumerated when aerosol generating agent is told about in the front.Choose the relevant group of material that other component also can be enumerated when other element of the present invention is told about in the front.This also is applicable to following described system.
Second kind of system is the inorganic system of part, and it comprises: the inorganic filling material of 86-0%; The aerosol of 5-30% generates agent; The organic bond of 1-25%; And the carbon of 8-60%.
The third system is more organic system, and it comprises: the organic filler material of 93-0%; The 0-93% inorganic filling material; The aerosol of 5-30% forms agent; The organic bond of 1-25%; And the carbon of 1-60%.More organic system also can bubble by adding inflating medium and/or swelling agent, and the amount of adding can be as mentioned above.
Aerosol generates the 5-25% that agent preferably accounts for mixture weight.
It can be that above-named adhesive or aerosol generate any or multiple in the agent that the adhesive of above-mentioned aerosol generation use in fuels and aerosol generate agent.
Along with increasing of organic principle and increasing of corresponding by-pass flow cigarette, the air penetrability of surrounding layer must be controlled, to reduce the visible by-pass flow cigarette that this fuel composition is emitted, perhaps, can be as describing below, in surrounding layer, add the by-pass flow cigarette and reduce agent, to reduce the quantity of the particulate matter that constitutes the by-pass flow cigarette.The thickness of surrounding layer also can change, to reduce the by-pass flow cigarette.
Cigarette products of the present invention can many physical arrangements provide out.In all three kinds of fuel system, fuel can be made longitudinally extending rod, strand or long filament, and is more favourable with the coaxial installation of cigarette products.Rod, strand or long filament can be different shapes, for example garden shape, square, star or polygon, and different shape can be hollow or solid, can also get up by coaxial boundling.Second and the third system in, fuel also can be the plate-shaped material, can be with the chopping of this material with the preparation chip.The material of the third system also can roll and be rolled into required shape.
When fuel is the center rod made with the timber of carbonization or with second kind or the third fuel system, be cement/carbon fuel or part organic-fuel system, during the rod that is squeezed into, aerosol generating agent just can be ring tube or the roller made from the aerosol generating material of chopping, it is rolled into makes ring tube have enough density, to support the fuel rod, meanwhile, still can lean on smoker's suction and make air flow through cigarette products.
Preferred selection scheme is the rod packing material to be made the packing material of chopping.In one case, the incendiary material of available chopping is made a central fuse, the ring tube that its outer winding has the aerosol generating material of chopping to do.Such arrangement can also be made with aerosol generating agent and be made core material, and makes ring tube material with fuel.Can make of known technology, that is make the undersized rod of a preliminary winding earlier, then it be sent into next step equipment, arrange with the packing material that shreds around this initial rod of chopping packing material manufacturing coaxial configuration.
Another kind of way is that if will make aerosol generation fuel, then the aerosol generating agent of separated chopping can mix closely with the fuel material of separated chopping.
Total percentage of the fuel material of the chopping that mixes and the aerosol generating material of chopping is preferably in following scope: the fiber of the carbon of 30-35%, the adhesive of 5-10%, 0-2%, the plasticizer of 5-10% and the inorganic material of 40-60%.This proportion can constitute by having the following independent light sheet material of forming:
The carbon of fuel: 60-70%; 7% propylene glycol alginate adhesive; 1% fiber; And the pearlite inorganic material of 32-22%.
Aerosol generating agent: 7% propylene glycol alginate adhesive; 1% fiber; 15% glycerol plasticizer; And 77% pearlite inorganic material.
These two kinds of materials mix with 1: 1 ratio typically.Other mixed proportion is as long as total can meet above-mentioned percentage range, also can use.
If in fact aerosol generating agent and fuel chemically combine, this light sheet material can be shredded and is added in the surrounding layer as the packing material that shreds so.Sometimes may be at the other proportion that increases fuel in conjunction with light sheet material, and the center of this material as high carbon density, outside it the more less chopping of winding carbon containing in conjunction with light sheet material.
When fuel and aerosol component are when making with extrusion, make rod, strand or long filament to them so long.Fuel can be made by the synthetic coaxial fuse of some strands (or rod or long filament), the ring tube that its outer winding is made by the integrated strand of aerosol generating agent.Arrangement conversely as above also is possible.The another kind of arrangement is that separated fuel strand and aerosol generating agent strand are mixed in surrounding layer closely.Rod, strand or long filament also can be made up of chemically combined aerosol generation fuel material.If necessary, these rods that squeeze out, strand or long filament can foam to a certain extent.
When needs foaming when making loose structure, can be the ring tube that the aerosol generating agent of the fuel fuse outsourcing foaming of foaming is made.This can make of the coextrusion technology that for example uses the cross die head.Arrangement conversely also is possible.In all said structure embodiments, have only a kind of in fuse or the ring tube material and be expanded material, also be fine.
It is favourable that cigarette products of the present invention installs a filter element additional, and filter element can be to make of traditional fibrous cellulose acetate, polypropylene or polythene material or of the paper material collecting.Also can use the multi-filtering element.Filter element with special drooping characteristic, the The Ratio Filter as Filtrona company sells also can use.Can further be placed on or put into the material of filter element with above-mentioned aroma materials, these aroma materials can be heated by aerosol generating agent or burn aerosol that the back produces drives and discharges from filter element or elution is come out.
Can hold and/or between fuel and filter element, be provided with a fireprotection layer in the mouth rank of fuel.Fireprotection layer can suitably be made the more closely knit district that seals with the material that includes aerosol generating agent.Preferably also contain aerosol in the fireprotection layer and generate agent,, meanwhile, when the length of cigarette products shortens, can prevent that the smoker from sucking potential overheated cigarette to strengthen carrying aerosol to the smoker.Another kind of way is, fireprotection layer can comprise for example add the hoop that a flame resistant material is done on the outer surface of surrounding layer.Fireprotection layer can be flammable basically material, also can be non-flammable basically material.
The ratio of non-inorganic material will be selected to such an extent that make cigarette products have considerably less visible by-pass flow cigarette.Traditional cigarette products includes the cigarette paper of pipe tobacco and outsourcing.Cigarette products with few visible by-pass flow cigarette requires will reduce 30% at least in the by-pass flow particulate emissions rate of NFDPM (the dried particulate matter that does not contain nicotine), so that macroscopic visible by-pass flow cigarette is reduced.European patent application publication No. 0 404 580 has been described a kind of cigarette products that contains cigarette paper, and it is being very effective aspect the visible by-pass flow cigarette of minimizing.It has reduced up to 60% than the visible by-pass flow particulate matter that is not discharged with the contrast cigarette (control cigarettes) of paper of the present invention, and its used paper is the paper in that application.When the cigarette of cigarette products of the present invention and EPA 0,404 580 aspirates side by side, the visible by-pass flow cigarette of cigarette products of the present invention than EPA 0,404 580 also will be still less.Therefore, cigarette products of the present invention provides than the present much bigger visible by-pass flow cigarette reduction of getable any other cigarette products.
Cigarette products of the present invention preferably contains the inorganic material of promising product weight 50% at least.
Description of drawings
Implement for the present invention being should be readily appreciated that and being convenient to, will describe with reference to following schematic diagram with the form of embodiment now, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the vertical section of cigarette products of the present invention;
Fig. 1 a illustrates the axial section of another embodiment of cigarette products among Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 illustrates the vertical section of the another kind of cigarette products of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the vertical section of yet another embodiment of the invention; With
Fig. 4 illustrates the vertical section of another embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
An embodiment of cigarette products of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 1 illustrates cigarette 1, and it comprises cigarette material rod 2 and filter element 3.Filter element 3 is to be made of traditional fibrous cellulose acetate tow, but also can be that fibrous material by any other type constitutes, these fibrous materials should have traditional pressure drop and filter efficiency, perhaps are made of the suitable non-fibrous material with high pressure drop and low filter efficiency.Filter element 3 usefulness ends bag paper 4 is attached on the cigarette material rod 2.Filter element 3 can be to ventilate, or utilizes the passage of for example opening with laser, or by means of the natural gas permeability of end bag paper 4 and the gas permeability of any liner covering.Cigarette material rod 2 comprises the cigarette material 7 of surrounding layer 5, coaxial mounted energy burnt fuel 6 and the chopping between fuel 6 and surrounding layer 5.
Surrounding layer 5 contains 1% fiber, the flammable adhesive of 4% propylene glycol alginate, 5% glycerol plasticizer, and the noninflammability packing material of 90% pearlite inorganic.Surrounding layer 5 is a white, and thick about 1mm looks the bag paper that resembles very much traditional cigarette products or cigarette.
Coaxial fuel 6 is to form the about 4mm of diameter according to the pole pyrolysis of first kind of above-mentioned fuel system by the cork wood manufacturing.The shape of cork wood rod should be to make the ideal form of elongated circular fuel.The rod of pyrolysis should have acceptable strength and quite solid under the situation that cigarette material 7 chopped surrounds.The density of the initial rod and the rod of final form is very important.We find that if fuel is too closely knit after pyrolysis, the oxygen that enters its inside so is just inadequate, so fuel just can not burn away.Otherwise low excessively as the fuel density of pyrolysis, then fuel will burn too vigorously so can burn too fastly.Have been found that cork wood and ash are the most suitable to the present invention, however, also might look for drawing other suitable timber.
Cigarette material 7 is aerosol generating agents, and it includes a high proportion of noninflammability inorganic material, i.e. 80% perlite, and 12% glycerine aerosol generates agent, and 7% propylene glycol alginate adhesive, and 1% fiber that is to say, are the inorganic systems of part.The preparation method of cigarette material is that elder generation is distributed into slurry to each one-tenth, makes according to the thin plate manufacturing technology of standard then and duplicates thin plate.Again the thin plate that duplicates inorganic material is cut, made the packing material 7 of chopping, and be placed on around the cork wood fuel 6 of pyrolysis.
At cigarette products mouth rank end, on a section 9 of aerosol generating agent, flavouring agent such as vanilla, taffy etc. have been added with.Then be placed with more this class flavouring agent in filter element 3 inside.
When smoking, cigarette 1 is lighted, and the length burning along fuel produces considerably less visible by-pass flow cigarette.The visible by-pass flow cigarette that is produced is to separate out the organic principle in cigarette products, and is to see the most clearly at the end of one cigarette.The grey similar frangible lime of incombustible basically surrounding layer charing one-tenth and traditional cigarette can be ejected on demand by the smoker.Noninflammability surrounding layer 5 also can produce dark burning line after charing, along with the process of burning is advanced along the length of cigarette products.Cigarette products is burning along fuel 6 toward the mouth.Just from the cigarette material 7 of chopping that aerosol takes place, produce aerosol in when burning, this aerosol just be inhaled into the smoker mouthful in.In the case, major part is the G ﹠ W branch in the aerosol, but also contains the fragrance of vanilla and taffy.Other fragrance can make aerosol have acceptable taste and quality as tobacco leaf extract, nicotine compound or other fragrance as cigarette, but any tobacco-containing material that do not burn.Also added extra fragrance matter on filter element 3, this is that design is used for being discharged into " cigarette " or the aerosol that come out, flow to nearby from the aerosol generation cigarette material rod 2 of burning and gets on.If in aerosol generating agent, possess enough fragrance matters, be not necessarily to add flavouring agent always on the filter element.
Fig. 1 a illustrates an embodiment extremely similar to Fig. 1, different is in this cigarette, replace comprising chopping cigarette material 7 cigarette material rod 2 be, cigarette material 7 ' be occurs with the looks of the cigarette material thin plate 8 rolled, it is wrapped in around the longitudinal length of fuel 6.Cigarette material 7 ' do roll volume thin plate 8 be with one or one enclose adhesive such as propylene glycol alginate stick-on, adhesive is stretched over the total length of fuel 6.Cigarette material is done rolls volume thin plate 8 and must roll up to such an extent that air can be led on the charcoal of burning in the cigarette 1.
In this embodiment, contain 1% fiber in the surrounding layer 15,4.5% propylene glycol alginate, and 94.5% pearlite inorganic noninflammability packing material.Plasticizer-containing not in this surrounding layer.
The fuel 16 of the present embodiment is made up of combustible material and noninflammability adhesive.Contain carbon, portland cement and a spot of potassium nitrate accelerating agent of the cocoanut fiber form of pyrolysis in the fuel 16, its ratio was respectively done for oneself 8: 4: 1.The manufacture method of fuel 16 is, potassium nitrate solution with 1.3M makes cement hydration, and the quantity of solution will be enough to form slurry, and the carbon of powdery is added in the slurry, add a spot of washing agent with " wetting " this carbonaceous material, add extra water again to do slurry as the mud denseness.Making this slurry mixture is the fuel rod at the hollow tube internal shaping, when rod has had enough mechanical strengths after after a while drying, maintenance or sclerosis in pipe, just the rod that is shaped is extruded in managing.Promptly heat to remove any point redundant moisture after taking out in the hollow tube.The diameter of fuel 16 is about 4mm.Moving back and forth of packaging process and consumer can be stood in fuel 16 ground quite solid and more than sufficient that is filled material 17 encirclements.
In this embodiment, be placed with cacao essence in the downstream part and filter element 13 inside of aerosol generating agent 17.
The way that substitute to reduce the filling with coating material of visible by-pass flow cigarette is, can make to reduce visible by-pass flow cigarette packing material and be included in the outsourcing layer, makes the surrounding layer of individual layer.The surrounding layer of handling is 25 typical compositions: 87.5% pearlite inorganic material; 4% propylene glycol alginate adhesive; 7.5% magnesia reduces visible by-pass flow cigarette packing material; And 1% fiber.The magnesia of use 15% and 80% perlite are effective.
In this embodiment, tobacco leaf extraction essence has been placed in filter element 23 inside.
Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention, and the mark number of wherein identical with Fig. 3 parts has all increased by 10.The cigarette material rod 32 of cigarette 31 comprises surrounding layer 35, and the cigarette material of chopping in surrounding layer 35 windings, and this smoking material and fuel-bound are together to provide aerosol generation fuel 37.Aerosol generation fuel 37 has been included in the aerosol generating agent of the fuel of longitudinal extension and longitudinal extension together.Aerosol generation fuel 37 contains 55% carbon (cocoanut fiber of pyrolysis), 12% glycerine aerosol generating agent, and 7% propylene glycol alginate adhesive, 1% fiber and 25% pearlite inorganic material, that is it is the inorganic system of part.This material can duplicate the manufacturing of thin plate autofrettage with aforesaid, or in cydariform or the top casting of band shape mold.End at aerosol generation fuel 37 is added with chocolate and peppermint essence.In filter element 33, also be added with aroma materials.
Embodiment with another aerosol generation fuel of second kind of aerosol generation fuel system manufacturing also creates, and it contains few to the carbon that has only 10%, and 70% pearlite inorganic material.The ratio of other material is same as described above.
Surrounding layer 35 in this embodiment consisting of in one case: 4.5% propylene glycol alginate adhesive and 94.5% pearlite inorganic noninflammability packing material.In another case, consisting of of surrounding layer: 4% propylene glycol alginate, 5% glycerol plasticizer and 90% perlite.
The all available colouring agent of aerosol generation composition that all are above-mentioned such as caramel, Radix Glycyrrhizae or its extract replace the inorganic filling material up to 10%, to improve its color.
Given in this manual percentage all is the ratio on dry basis.Usually be about 1200ml for make the water yield that suitable slurry need add with 500g solid constituent (comprising glycerine).
In following form, provided the further detailed data of each embodiment, in order to explanation the present invention.
Table 1 has provided the details of relevant material prescription to the influence of outer physical property.
Be mixed with slurry according to the prescription of table 1 with the adhesive and the inorganic material of hydration.This slurry is made the surrounding layer of growth 70mm, wall thickness 0.5mm of the push rod extruder.Surrounding layer withdraws from the back from pressing mold and carries out drying with two infrared heaters that are placed on from extrudate 5-10cm.The equal write up of the physical property of surrounding layer is in table 1.
Table 2 has provided the details of relevant processing conditions to the influence of the efficient of the surrounding layer that hardens with calcium chloride solution.
Mix 200ml water with 10g mosanom, 45g chalk and 45g perlite and make slurry.Slurry is injected the push rod extruder, and the torpedo mold by 8mm external diameter, 7mm internal diameter is squeezed into surrounding layer to slurry and enters in the calcium chloride solution.With one group of robustness of coming the subjective judgement surrounding layer of three individualities, use from 1 to 10 ten point scales to judge, on behalf of extrudate, 1 immerse bathe in after have no to change, 10 represent the complete cure hard of extrudate.
This shows explanation, and along with bathing by the increase with number of times, the robustness of surrounding layer just reduces.Along with the increase and the lengthening of the time of immersion of the concentration of electrolytic solution, the robustness of surrounding layer just increases.
Table 3 has provided the details of the combustion limits of aerosol generation fuel, and this aerosol generation fuel is that what to make stock and usefulness with carbon and glycerine is the sub-thread extrded material of diameter 1.00mm.
Table 4 shows the influence of adhesive type to multiple aerosol generation fuel combustion characteristics, and these aerosol generation fuel are stock with carbon and glycerine also, usefulness also be the sub-thread extrded material of diameter 1.00mm.Some adhesive is more flammable than other, therefore can have influence on the ratio of material therefor in the aerosol generation fuel.
Table 5 illustrates the influence of filler type to multiple aerosol generation fuel combustion characteristics, and these aerosol generation fuel are stock with carbon and glycerine also, usefulness also be the sub-thread extrded material of diameter 1.00mm.Some inorganic filling material can promote the burning of the aerosol generation fuel mixture in the certain limit.Chalk is preferred filler in illustrated scope.This table should not be used to explanation, just can not burn when the filler that is used for mixture exceeds the tabular scope.
For table 3,4 and 5 tests of being carried out with sub-thread material smouldering in atmosphere, rather than in surrounding layer, make of the multiply material, its objective is the influence of the character of getting rid of surrounding layer to the multiply material combustion.
Table 6 has provided the smoke release that the cigarette of filter element is equipped with in the end, and the structure of this cigarette is as follows:
Obtain the filter tip of a 5mm from State Express International board cigarette, this filter tip contains the fibrous cellulose acetate of 2.8 filament deniers in Y cross section, has for 34,000 dawn, and its pressure drop is the 13mm water column.
Basically incombustible surrounding layer is to be that 8mm, internal diameter are that the torpedo pressing mold extruding of 7mm forms with the push rod extruder by external diameter, aerosol generation fuel is to be pressed into the thigh that diameter is 1.00mm with the push rod extruder, and many thighs is gathered defensive position insert in the dry compacting surrounding layer.The cigarette rod, the length that does not promptly include filter element is 67mm.Every kind of cigarette is got one and is burnt and sucked under the machine smoking condition of standard, and this condition is that per minute aspirates once, takes out the flue gas of 35cm3 in 2 second time at every turn.
The first five embodiment explanation in the table 4, carbon fuel strand even contain organic material (PGA) at fuel strand meat, does not produce a lot of particulate matter sums (TPM) yet when burning.
Cigarette of the present invention has only few visible by-pass flow cigarette.But from the character of the by-pass flow cigarette that cigarette of the present invention gave out, with traditional fishtail by-pass flow cigarette measuring instrument, as Analyst, in October, 1988, the 113rd volume described in the 1509-1513 page or leaf, is surveyed not come out.Therefore we can not provide details in this respect.
Table 1 material prescription is to the influence of surrounding layer physical property
| Perlite % | Chalk % | Adhesive % | Adhesive type | Plasticizer (glycerine) % | Solid summation g | Water g | Air penetrability | The broken energy (J) that needs of surrounding layer | The surrounding layer whiteness |
| 85 22.5 80 75 75 90 90 45 45 90 88 85 80 70 72 75 77.5 90 95 97.5 85 77.5 | 67.5 90 80 97.5 95 45 45 9 | 15 10 10 20 20 2.5 5 25 25 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 5 2.5 10 5 2.5 15 13.5 | PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA HEC HEC AA AA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA PGA SCMC SCMC SCMC SCC SCMC | 2 5 10 20 20 20 20 | 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 | 300 200 200 200 200 70 40 500 260 200 150 130 120 135 180 160 140 135 120 115 110 70 110 100 | 94 14 3.8 77 0.6 6.5 4.5 110.7 cnm 57 21 160 185 145 215 105 cnm cnm 14 17.5 34 12 | 5.3 5.2 5.2 | 6.6 9.2 4.6 9.6 9.2 9.5 3.7 4.4 3.8 2.9 |
Table 1 (continuing)
| Perlite % | Chalk % | Adhesive % | Adhesive type | Plasticizer (glycerine) % | Solid summation (gram) | Water (gram) | Air penetrability (CU) | The broken energy (J) that needs of surrounding layer | The surrounding layer whiteness |
| 85 70 65 40 45 90 45 90 45 90 45 90 45 45 | 5 20 25 50 45 45 45 45 45 45 | 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | The perverse locust bean gum acacin of the PGA PGA PGA PGA HPC NaA perverse locust bean gum of the NaA perverse karaya of the perverse karaya of NaCaA NaCaA | 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 | 95 160 120 205 190 175 130 150 130 8 | 161 120 79 19.5 111 65 6 70.7 285 cnm 295 60 | 9.3 9.2 12 |
PGA propylene glycol alginate NaA mosanom
HEC hydroxyethylcellulose NaCaA calcium sodium alginate
AA ammonium alginate DE with reference to the total color difference of pattern
SCMC sodium carboxymethylcellulose cnm can not survey
Table 2 processing conditions is to the influence of the efficient of the surrounding layer that hardens with calcium chloride solution
| Calcium chloride solution concentration (M1 -1) | Immerse the time (s) in bathing | Before measuring, this should bathe access times | Surrounding layer subjective assessment robustness |
| 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.1 0.5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 0 2 4 6 8 10 60 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | 1 4 6.5 7.5 8 8 9.5 2.5 4.7 6.7 7.7 7 6 6 5 5 4 3.6 3 |
The combustion limits of table 3 carbon and glyceryl aerosol generation fuel (sub-thread)
| Fuel can burn | Fuel can not burn | ||||||
| Carbon % | Glycerine % | PGA％ | Chalk % | Carbon % | Glycerine % | PGA％ | Chalk % |
| 5 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 15 15 20 20 30 30 30 50 | 20 20 26 30 15 20 15.5 15 20 21 30 8 9 10 11 20 6 20 6 10 0 3 6 0 | 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | 65 63 56 52 66 61 64.5 64 59 58 49 70 69 68 67 57 69 55 64 60 60 57 54 40 | 0 4 5 8 8 8 8 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 15 15 20 20 | 10 10 20 5 10 15 21.5 0 10 3 11 0 6 7 0 3 0 3 | 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | 80 76 65 77 72 67 60.5 80 70 76 68 78 72 71 75 72 70 67 |
Table 4 adhesive type is to the influence of multiple aerosol generation fuel mixture combustion characteristics
| Adhesive type | ||||||
| Propylene glycol alginate | Mosanom | Calcium alginate | Pectin | Hydroxypropyl cellulose | ||
| 8% carbon, 11% glycerine, 71% chalk, 10% adhesive | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | | |
| 12% carbon, 11% glycerine, 67% chalk, 10% adhesive | Burning | Burning | Do not burn | | Burning | |
| 16% carbon, 11% glycerine, 63% chalk, 10% adhesive | Burning | Burning | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | |
| 8% carbon, 11% glycerine, 61% chalk, 20% adhesive | Burning | Burning | Do not burn | | Burning | |
| 12% carbon, 11% glycerine, 57% chalk, 20% adhesive | Burning | Burning | Do not burn | | Burning | |
| 16% carbon, 11% glycerine, 53% chalk, 20% adhesive | Burning | Burning | Do not burn | Burning | Burning | |
| 8% carbon, 11% glycerine, 51% chalk, 30% adhesive | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | - | |
| 12% carbon, 11% glycerine, 47% chalk, 30% adhesive | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | - | |
| 16% carbon, 11% glycerine, 43% chalk, 30% adhesive | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | - | |
Table 5 inorganic filler type is to the influence of multiple aerosol generation fuel mixture combustion characteristics
| The filler type | |||||||
| Perlite | Magnesia | Bentonite | Chalk | Calcium sulfate | Magnesium hydroxide | Diatomite | |
| Fuel mixture | |||||||
| 18.2% carbon 11.4%PGA, 12.5% glycerine, 58% filler | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning |
| 16.3% carbon 10.2%PGA, 11.2% glycerine, 62.2% filler | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning |
| 15.8% carbon 13.2%PGA, 14.5% glycerine, 56.5% filler | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | - |
| 14.8% carbon 9.3%PGA, 10.2% glycerine, 65.7% filler | Do not burn | - | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn |
| 13.9% carbon 11.6%PGA, 12.8% glycerine, 61.6% filler | Do not burn | - | Do not burn | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn |
-the mixture do not made
Table 5 (continuing)
| The filler type | |||||||
| Perlite | Magnesia | Bentonite | Chalk | Calcium sulfate | Magnesium hydroxide | Diatomite | |
| Fuel mixture | |||||||
| 12.5% carbon 10.4%PGA, 11.5% glycerine, 65.6% filler | - | Do not burn | - | Burning | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn |
| 10.5% carbon 13.2%PGA, 14.5% glycerine, 61.8% filler | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn | Burning | - | Do not burn | Do not burn |
| 9.3% carbon 11.6%PGA, 12.8% glycerine, 66.3% filler | - | Do not burn | Do not burn | Do not burn | - | Do not burn | Do not burn |
| 8.3% carbon 10.4%PGA, 11.5% glycerine, 69.8% filler | Do not burn | - | - | Do not burn | - | Do not burn | Do not burn |
-the mixture do not made
Table 6 smoke release that filter-tip cigarette is housed that the present invention will be described
| Weight (g) | Perlite % | Mosanom % | Weight (g) | Carbon % | Glycerine % | Chalk % | PGA adhesive % | The suction number of times | TPM (mg) | Glycerine (mg) |
| 0.6035 0.4025 0.4535 0.4774 0.3812 0.6001 0.6344 0.6555 0.6777 0.4730 0.6312 0.5103 0.5845 0.6219 0.5060 0.4872 0.6035 0.5665 0.4838 0.5161 0.6103 0.4461 | 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 | 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | 0.5865 0.7255 0.7291 0.6896 0.5973 0.6847 0.7186 0.7691 0.6818 0.7691 0.6530 0.4808 0.6990 0.7192 0.6780 0.6916 0.5865 0.6215 0.7133 0.7092 0.6443 0.7446 | 12 15 20 30 50 8 12 15 20 30 40 12 4 8 10 11 12 9 10 11 8 8 | 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 6 6 6 6 8 10 10 10 10 10 15 15.5 15 21.5 26 | 78 75 70 60 40 77 72 69 64 54 44 70 76 72 70 69 68 66 64.5 64 60.5 56 | 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | DNB 5 10 6 5 DNB 7 7 8 6 8 9 DNB 6 DNB 5 DNB 8 7 6 6 6 | 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 4.3 3.3 3.0 2.2 1.9 1.3 0 3.8 0 4.3 0 5.7 5.4 7.5 6.4 12.7 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 0 2 0 3 0 2 3 3 3 6 |
Claims (22)
1. aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products, this propellant comprise organic filler material, aerosol generates agent, organic bond, inflating medium and optional noninflammability inorganic filling material.
2. aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products, this propellant comprise the organic bond that 45% noninflammability inorganic filling material, 20% aerosol generate agent, 15% inflating medium and 20%.
3. the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 1, wherein this propellant comprises 1-25% organic bond, 1-94% organic filler material, 0-93% inorganic filling material, 5-30% aerosol and generates agent and inflating medium.
4. each the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 1-3, wherein this noninflammability inorganic filling material is one or more in the following material: perlite, vermiculite, diatomite, colloidal silica, chalk, magnesia, magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, or other low-density noninflammability inorganic filling material.
5. each the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 1-4, wherein this organic filler material comprises the organic acid inorganic salts, or polysaccharide material.
6. each the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 1-5, wherein this aerosol generates agent and comprises one or more of following material: polyalcohols, ester class, perhaps high boiling hydro carbons.
7. according to the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 6, wherein to generate agent be one or more of following material to this aerosol: glycerine, propane diols, triethylene glycol, triethyl citrate or glycerol triacetate.
8. according to each the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 1-7, wherein this organic bond is to be selected from the following various types of materials one or more: cellulose derivative, cellulose ether, alginic acid adhesive, natural gum, gel, pectin or starch.
9. according to the aerosol generating agent that is used for cigarette products of claim 8, wherein organic bond is one or more of following material: sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, ammonium alginate, mosanom, calcium sodium alginate, the calcium alginate ammonium, potassium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, the alginic acid triethanolamine, propylene glycol alginate, alginic acid aluminium, alginic acid copper, Zinc alginate, alginic acid silver, gum arabic, Indian gum, bassora gum, perverse karaya, perverse locust bean gum, acacin, guar gum Quince smoke tree glue, xanthan gum, agar, agarose, carrageenan, fucose or furcellaran.
10. the aerosol generating agent of using according to each the cigarette products of claim 1-9 wherein contains flavouring agent in the aerosol generating agent.
11. an aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products, it contains organic filler material, optional noninflammability inorganic filling material, aerosol generates agent, organic bond, inflating medium and carbon.
12. according to the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products of claim 11, aerosol generation fuels sources wherein contains the organic filler material of 93-0%, the inorganic filling material of 0-93%, aerosol generation agent, the organic bond of 1-25% and carbon and the inflating medium of 1-60% of 5-30%.
13. the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the noninflammability inorganic filling material is one or more in the following material: perlite, vermiculite, diatomite, colloidal silica, chalk, magnesia, magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, perhaps other low-density noninflammability inorganic filling material.
14. according to each the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products of claim 11-13, wherein this organic filler material comprises the organic acid inorganic salts, or polysaccharide material.
15. according to each the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products of claim 11-14, wherein this aerosol generates agent and comprises one or more of following material: polyalcohols, ester class, perhaps high boiling hydro carbons.
16. according to the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products of claim 15, wherein to generate agent be one or more of following material for this aerosol: glycerine, propane diols, triethylene glycol, triethyl citrate or glycerol triacetate.
17. according to each the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products of claim 11-16, wherein this organic bond is to be selected from the following various types of materials one or more: cellulose derivative, cellulose ether, alginic acid adhesive, natural gum, gel, pectin or starch.
18. according to the aerosol generation fuels sources that is used for cigarette products of claim 17, wherein organic bond is one or more of following material: sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, ammonium alginate, mosanom, calcium sodium alginate, the calcium alginate ammonium, potassium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, the alginic acid triethanolamine, propylene glycol alginate, alginic acid aluminium, alginic acid copper, Zinc alginate, alginic acid silver, gum arabic, Indian gum, bassora gum, perverse karaya, perverse locust bean gum, acacin, guar gum Quince smoke tree glue, xanthan gum, agar, agarose, carrageenan, fucose or furcellaran.
19. cigarette products with cigarette material rod, this rod comprises non-flame properties substantially surrounding layer, this surrounding layer is basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod, and winding is basically along the explosive fuel source of the length extending of cigarette material rod and basically along the aerosol generating agent of the length extending of cigarette material rod, described explosive fuel source comprises carbonaceous material, inorganic non-combustible adhesive and optional accelerating agent, and described aerosol generating agent is according to each aerosol generating agent of claim 1-10, or described goods have each described aerosol generation fuels sources according to claim 11-18.
20. cigarette products with cigarette material rod, this rod comprises non-flame properties substantially surrounding layer, this surrounding layer is basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod, and winding is basically along the explosive fuel source of the length extending of cigarette material rod and basically along the aerosol generating agent of the length extending of cigarette material rod, described explosive fuel source comprises carbon, the noninflammability inorganic filling material, organic bond, optional plasticizer and optional inorganic bond, and described aerosol generating agent is according to each aerosol generating agent of claim 1-10, or described goods have each described aerosol generation fuels sources according to claim 11-18.
21. cigarette products with cigarette material rod, this rod comprises non-flame properties substantially surrounding layer, this surrounding layer is basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod, and winding is basically along the explosive fuel source of the length extending of cigarette material rod, and be placed between fuels sources and the surrounding layer, and basically along the aerosol generating agent of the length extending of cigarette material rod, described explosive fuel source comprises carbonaceous material, inorganic non-combustible adhesive and optional accelerating agent, and described aerosol generating agent is each the aerosol generating agent according to claim 1-10, or described goods have each the described aerosol generation fuels sources according to claim 11-18.
22. cigarette products with cigarette material rod, this rod comprises non-flame properties substantially surrounding layer, this surrounding layer is basically along the length extending of cigarette material rod, and winding is basically along the explosive fuel source of the length extending of cigarette material rod, and be placed between fuels sources and the surrounding layer, and basically along the aerosol generating agent of the length extending of cigarette material rod, described explosive fuel source comprises carbon, the noninflammability inorganic filling material, organic bond, optional plasticizer and optional inorganic bond, and described aerosol generating agent is each the aerosol generating agent according to claim 1-10, or described goods have each the described aerosol generation fuels sources according to claim 11-18.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9417970.2 | 1994-09-07 | ||
| GB9417970A GB9417970D0 (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1994-09-07 | Smoking articles |
| GB9515836.6 | 1995-08-02 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031434975A Division CN1507818A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1995-09-06 | Cigarette fuel, aerosol generating agent for the cigurette and aerosol generating fuel and said cigarett product |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1820665A true CN1820665A (en) | 2006-08-23 |
Family
ID=10760939
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610100695 Pending CN101015392A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1995-09-06 | Smoking article fuel, smoking article aerosol generating agent, aerosol generating fuel and smoking article |
| CN 200510079014 Pending CN1820665A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1995-09-06 | Smoking article aerosol generating agent, aerosol generating fuel and smoking article |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610100695 Pending CN101015392A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1995-09-06 | Smoking article fuel, smoking article aerosol generating agent, aerosol generating fuel and smoking article |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN101015392A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9417970D0 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA957534B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104223354A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-24 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Low-temperature cigarette impossible to collapse under heated state |
| CN107920596A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-04-17 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Multistage component for aerosol generation product |
| CN109419043A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-03-05 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | It is a kind of for heating the sucked material for the tobacco product that do not burn |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101991189B (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Harm-reduction tar-reduction cigarette with shaft core |
| UA114327C2 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2017-05-25 | Філіп Морріс Продактс С.А. | Combustible heat source with improved binding agent |
| CN103462213B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-07-29 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of tobacco-containing material preparation method being applicable to heating non-combustion-type tobacco goods |
| CN105578906B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2019-05-21 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Heated type aerosol comprising improveing item generates product |
| CN107752123A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-06 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of Three-section type heating containing sorbing material does not burn Cigarette |
| CN110150763A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-23 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | It is a kind of to thermally decompose porous smoke section and preparation method thereof and the cigarette comprising it |
| CN111329104B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-01-14 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for treating heated cigarette dust |
-
1994
- 1994-09-07 GB GB9417970A patent/GB9417970D0/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-09-06 CN CN 200610100695 patent/CN101015392A/en active Pending
- 1995-09-06 CN CN 200510079014 patent/CN1820665A/en active Pending
- 1995-09-07 ZA ZA957534A patent/ZA957534B/en unknown
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104223354A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-24 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Low-temperature cigarette impossible to collapse under heated state |
| CN104223354B (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-08-24 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of low temperature cigarette do not subsided of being heated |
| CN107920596A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-04-17 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Multistage component for aerosol generation product |
| CN107920596B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-07-26 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | The multistage component of product is generated for aerosol |
| US10729169B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2020-08-04 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Multi-segment component for an aerosol-generating article |
| CN109419043A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-03-05 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | It is a kind of for heating the sucked material for the tobacco product that do not burn |
| CN109419043B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2021-08-27 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Smoking material for heating non-combustible tobacco products |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101015392A (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| GB9417970D0 (en) | 1994-10-26 |
| ZA957534B (en) | 1996-04-17 |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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