CN1820121B - 改进分离的管子分离器 - Google Patents

改进分离的管子分离器 Download PDF

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CN1820121B
CN1820121B CN200480019563XA CN200480019563A CN1820121B CN 1820121 B CN1820121 B CN 1820121B CN 200480019563X A CN200480019563X A CN 200480019563XA CN 200480019563 A CN200480019563 A CN 200480019563A CN 1820121 B CN1820121 B CN 1820121B
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pipe separator
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separator housing
gas
housing
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P·格拉姆
G·H·利
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/36—Underwater separating arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0217—Separation of non-miscible liquids by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/041—Breaking emulsions with moving devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/721—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures cooperating directly with the edge of the rigid printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/633—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for disengagement only
    • H01R13/6335—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for disengagement only comprising a handle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6658—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit on printed circuit board

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

一种管子分离器，用于分离流体，例如分离油、气体和水，该管子分离器与从海床下面的地层提取和生产油和天然气相关联。管子分离器包括一个延伸的管子分离器壳体(1)，该壳体在输入端和输出端具有基本上等于或稍大于运输管的直径的直径，管子分离器壳体与运输管连接，一个旋流器(3)设置在分离器壳体的上游，用于分离任何存在的气体。一个静电聚结器(4)结合和组成分离器壳体(1)的一个整体化部分。

Description

改进分离的管子分离器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种管子分离器，用于分离流体，例如分离油、气体和水，该管子分离器与从海床下面的地层提取和生产油和天然气相关联，包括一个延伸的、管子分离器壳体，该管子分离器壳体在输入端和输出端具有基本上与运输管子的直径相等的直径，管子分离器与此运输管子连接，一个旋流器设置在分离器壳体的上游，用于分离任何存在的气体，以及一个静电聚结器安排成与管子分离器连接。
背景技术
申请人自己的挪威专利申请19994244、20015048、20016216、20020619和20023919描述现有技术的管子分离器，使用于在海床上，在地面上，在一个平台或类似物上，分离油、水和/或井下气体，尤其是挪威专利申请No.20023919示出的一个解决方案，在其中，一个单独的紧凑的静电聚结器用于与管子分离器连接。离开管子分离器的油流移动至管子分离器下游的聚结器，以及随后至另一个油/水分离器，它清除在管子分离器内分离后的剩余的水。这种现有技术解决方案特殊地设计用于，但不局限于从油相清除水至水分为0.5％的中重级油品，并且使用一个旋流器或其它类型的气体/流体分离器以清除管子分离器之前的气体。
此解决方案要求一个附加的分离器，它是复杂的和昂贵的，以及聚结器本身是一个垂直类型的，不能够以普通的方式扩孔或用清管器清理(清洗)。这点代表现有技术解决方案的缺点。
WO 2001/085297A1描述了一种静电聚结器，其中电极螺旋状地围绕管子缠绕，并且电场具有相应的方向。在流体进入聚结器之前不会发生分离。流体在进入聚结器时呈扩散状。
发明内容
本发明提供一个相当简单的分离解决方案，其中可以避免上述的缺点。
根据本发明，提供了一种管子分离器，用于分离油、气体和水，该管子分离器与从海床下面的地层提取和生产油和天然气相关联，管子分离器包括：一个延伸的管状的管子分离器壳体，该管子分离器壳体具有输入端和输出端，并且所述管子分离器壳体在所述输入端和输出端处的直径基本上等于或稍大于运输管的直径，管子分离器壳体能够与运输管连接；一个分离器件，设置在分离器壳体的上游，用于分离任何存在的气体；和一个管道形式的静电聚结器，所述静电聚结器包括电极，所述电极提供有电压，从而在所述静电聚结器中建立一静电场，其特征在于，静电聚结器结合在管子分离器壳体中并组成管子分离器壳体的一个整体部分，并且所述静电聚结器位于在使用时油和水的粗分离已经完成的距离所述管子分离器壳体的输入端一定距离的地方，所述静电聚结器设有上电极和下电极。
附图说明
本发明在下面将参照附图更详细地说明，附图中：
图1示出按照本发明的一个管子分离器的一个简单的草图；
图2示出图1内的分离器在聚结器区域的一个放大部分的一个横剖面图a)和一个纵剖面图b)。
具体实施方式
图1所示的解决方案包括一个管形分离器壳体1；设置在分离器壳体的下游，用于通过分离器壳体流通的流体(油/水)内的水相的一个水密封件6；带有一个用于分离的水的输出口8的排水器件7；设置在分离器壳体的上游并与一个油井口连接的一个管道除垢器组5；连接油井口至分离器壳体1的一条连接管10；以及用于分离器下游的油的一条运输管11。本发明的特点是，一个聚结器4结合至分离器壳体1，成为一个整体化单元。聚结器方便地设置在离开分离器壳体的输入口一个距离为分离器壳体长度的1/3至1/2之间。然而，它的位置并不局限于该范围。图2示出分离器壳体的一部分的放大的横剖面图和纵剖面图，在此区域结合了聚结器。如图内所示，聚结器4包括一个上电极12和一个下电极13，它们优选地包容在分离器壳体的壁14内的绝缘材料内。这些电极设计为对聚结器施加(不更详细地显示)一个有利的电压“V”(交流电压)，以产生一个电场，来增加从流动通过分离器的流体(油和水)分离水。如图1所示，一个旋流器3(或其它合适的气体/液体分离器)设置在分离器壳体1的上游，以便从油井产生的流体内清除任何气体。清除气体的目的是避免它降低聚结器的作用，因为气体是不良的电导体。另一个目的是防止在分离器内形成堵塞流。
按照本发明的分离器解决方案的工作方法如下：
流体，即产生的气体，油和水首先传送至旋流器3，在此处大部分气体被清除，以及继续在一条单独的管子9内传送，有可能重新引入分离器后面的运输管11。
它可能含有少量的气体的流体相，引入分离器壳体1。自由的水将迅速地分离并形成在油相下面的一个水相。气泡将收集在分离器管子的顶部，并根据它们的浓度形成一个自由气体相。当粗分离已经完成(也就是水相在底部，带有小油滴的油相在中部，以及有可能一个薄的气体相在顶部)，流体传送进入集成的聚结器4。
在聚结器4内，一个将产生基本上越过油区域的电压降，因为水区域导电，以及气体区域也具有良好的导电性。
越过油区域(交流电)的电压降产生增加的液滴聚结以及使油/水界面不稳定。在流体再次进入管子分离器壳体1之后，水滴尺寸长大，迅速地分离。
在聚结器4下游的分离器元件内，聚结的水滴将被分离出和收集在排水器件7内，在此处水通过输出口8排出。油将流动通过水密封件6至运输管11。
如在权利要求书内所限定的本发明不应局限于以上所示和说明的实例。分离器壳体1可以配置两个或多个聚结器4，在分离器壳体1内串联排列。这点可能尤其与难分离的油品相关，比如重油品。
旋流器3也可以位于不同于图1内所示在油井口的位置。已经证明，有利的是将旋流器与能对流体引起高剪力的设备连接在一起放置，因为这样产生良好的分离条件。然而也可以在分离器远离油井口的情况下，相应地放置旋流器在分离器的入口附近处。

Claims (6)

1.一种管子分离器，用于分离油、气体和水，该管子分离器与从海床下面的地层提取和生产油和天然气相关联，管子分离器包括：一个延伸的管状的管子分离器壳体(1)，该管子分离器壳体具有输入端和输出端，并且所述管子分离器壳体在所述输入端和输出端处的直径等于或稍大于运输管的直径，管子分离器壳体能够与运输管连接；一个分离器件，设置在分离器壳体的上游，用于分离任何存在的气体；一个管道形式的静电聚结器(4)，所述静电聚结器包括电极，所述电极提供有电压，从而在所述静电聚结器中建立一静电场，其特征在于，静电聚结器(4)结合在管子分离器壳体中并组成管子分离器壳体的一个整体部分，并且所述静电聚结器位于在使用时油和水的粗分离已经完成的距离所述管子分离器壳体的输入端一定距离的地方，所述静电聚结器设有上电极(12)和下电极(13)。
2.按照权利要求1的管子分离器，其特征在于，一个水密封件(6)设置在管子分离器壳体(1)的下游，并且一个排水器件(7)设置为与水密封件连接，用于排放从管子分离器壳体(1)分离出的水。
3.按照权利要求1或2的管子分离器，其特征在于，管子分离器壳体(1)包括两个或多个成串联安排的静电聚结器。
4.按照权利要求1的管子分离器，其特征在于，所述分离器件是旋流器(3)。
5.按照权利要求4的管子分离器，其特征在于，旋流器(3)设置为与一个扼流阀连接，该扼流阀对流体产生高剪力。
6.按照权利要求4的管子分离器，其特征在于，旋流器(3)设置在管子分离器壳体(1)的入口附近处。
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NO20033153A NO318190B1 (no) 2003-07-09 2003-07-09 Rorseparator
PCT/NO2004/000211 WO2005005777A1 (en) 2003-07-09 2004-07-08 A pipe separator with improved separation

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ATE434712T1 (de) 2009-07-15
RU2353765C2 (ru) 2009-04-27
WO2005005777A1 (en) 2005-01-20
DK1649139T3 (da) 2009-08-17
ES2328359T3 (es) 2009-11-12
AU2004256374B2 (en) 2009-10-29
RU2006103782A (ru) 2006-06-27
NO318190B1 (no) 2005-02-14
NO20033153D0 (no) 2003-07-09
BRPI0412389B1 (pt) 2015-09-15
CA2531495C (en) 2011-11-29
US20070102369A1 (en) 2007-05-10
AU2004256374A1 (en) 2005-01-20
EP1649139B1 (en) 2009-06-24
CA2531495A1 (en) 2005-01-20
US7490671B2 (en) 2009-02-17
EP1649139A1 (en) 2006-04-26
MXPA06000187A (es) 2006-03-21
DE602004021698D1 (de) 2009-08-06
CN1820121A (zh) 2006-08-16
BRPI0412389A (pt) 2006-09-19

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