CN1818545A - Small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane - Google Patents
Small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane Download PDFInfo
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- CN1818545A CN1818545A CN 200610033994 CN200610033994A CN1818545A CN 1818545 A CN1818545 A CN 1818545A CN 200610033994 CN200610033994 CN 200610033994 CN 200610033994 A CN200610033994 A CN 200610033994A CN 1818545 A CN1818545 A CN 1818545A
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Abstract
A system for measuring small displacement in remote a coplane is prepared as firm-joining cooperation mark with entity to be measured and connecting digital camera to image collection card being connected with computer for calculating out displacement data of cooperation mark then calculating out actual displacement amount of position to be measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane.
Background technology
The system of the displacement of existing measurement building settlement etc. can be divided into contact measurement system and non-contact measurement system two classes.
The way of contact measurement system is to paste foil gauge in position to be measured, directly measures strain, is converted to displacement again.In the operation, this method implements cumbersome in the open air, obtain high-precision result, and is very high to the requirement of mount technology.
Non-contact measurement system is the method with flash ranging.Wherein a kind of total powerstation that is to use.Total powerstation can be read target direction and distance simultaneously, thereby can obtain Three-dimension Target displacement to be measured.But reach the high precision of telemeasurement, need to use high-grade equipment such as laser total station, not only price is high, and needs import.Another kind is to use many cameras to carry out the intersection of many orders.This needs prior high-precision calibrating camera, implements relatively difficulty for the field.
Measuring system of the present invention adopts one camera, in conjunction with specific computer software, with prior measure marker spacing be benchmark, calculate displacement in proportion, need not demarcate camera.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane that camera is demarcated, accurate, that automaticity is high that do not need.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
Small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, this system comprises: cooperation sign, digital camera, image pick-up card and computing machine, wherein said cooperation sign has one group at least, and every group has two cooperation signs at least, and described cooperation sign and entity to be measured are connected; Digital camera connects with image pick-up card; Image pick-up card connects with computing machine; It is characterized in that: this system carries out following steps:
A) system's setting: the measurement pattern of images acquired is set, measurement parameter is set according to measurement pattern;
B) manually gather the original state image of cooperation sign, or computing machine sends to image pick-up card and adopt the figure instruction, image acquisition card control digital camera is taken the original state image of cooperation sign;
C) image pick-up card is input to computing machine with the original state view data in the step b);
D) computing machine receives and storing step b) in the original state view data, and data are calculated, extract the center of cooperation sign, be calculated to be the picture ratio;
E) computing machine sends to image pick-up card and adopts figure instruction, the image of image acquisition card control digital camera track up cooperation sign;
F) image pick-up card is input to computing machine with the view data in the step e);
G) computing machine receives and storing step e) in view data, and data are calculated, the position of cooperation sign on image that position to be measured (point) located when extracting original state and follow-up each state calculates the displacement data of cooperation sign;
H) computing machine calculates position to be measured (point) by the displacement data of cooperation sign and locates in the horizontal and vertical directions actual displacement amount;
I) judge by computing machine whether the actual displacement amount reaches accuracy requirement, as do not reach and then return step e);
J) export the actual displacement amount or draw out displacement curve by computing machine.
In the described step a), the measurement pattern that images acquired is set is that static process is measured or dynamic process is measured, and the measurement parameter of repetition frame number and automatic recognition method or manual identification mode is set according to measurement pattern.
Doing to set in the sign one of them cooperation in described every combination is masked as with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Step g) and h) described in cooperation be masked as with reference to the cooperation mark P
0
Described every combination is done to have five cooperation mark P in the sign
T, P
B, P
L, P
R, P
0, five cooperation signs constitute a planimetric coordinates, wherein with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Be true origin, the cooperation mark P
TBe positioned at the top of Y-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
BThe below that is positioned at the Y-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
LBe positioned at the left of X-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
RBe positioned at the right-hand of X-axis initial point; Computing machine receives and storing step b in the step d)) in the original state view data, the center of accurately extracting the cooperation sign, cooperation mark P on the computed image
T, P
BBetween distance and cooperation mark P
L, P
RBetween distance, and calculate imaging ratio on the vertical and horizontal both direction; The step g) computing machine receives and storing step e) in view data, position to be measured (point) located when accurately extracting original state and follow-up each state with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Exact position on image calculates with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement; Step h) computing machine is according to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement calculate position to be measured (point) and locate in the horizontal and vertical directions actual displacement amount.
Described every combination is done to have three cooperation mark P in the sign
1, P
2, P
0, three cooperation signs constitute a planimetric coordinates, wherein cooperation mark P
1Be positioned on the X-axis cooperation mark P
2Be positioned on the Y-axis, with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Be initial point; Computing machine receives and storing step b in the step d)) in the original state view data, the center of accurately extracting the cooperation sign, cooperation mark P on the computed image
0, P
1Between distance and cooperation mark P
0, P
2Between distance, and calculate imaging ratio on the vertical and horizontal both direction; The step g) computing machine receives and storing step e) in view data, position to be measured (point) located when accurately extracting original state and follow-up each state with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Exact position on image calculates with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement; Step h) computing machine is according to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement calculate position to be measured (point) and locate in the horizontal and vertical directions actual displacement amount.
The unit of described distance is: millimeter; The unit of imaging ratio is: millimeter/pixel; Displacement is: millimeter.
Described image pick-up card directly inserts in the expansion slot of computing machine.
Described image pick-up card links to each other image pick-up card by data line with computing machine.
The resolution of described digital camera is not less than and please replenishes 5,000,000 pixels.
Described every combination is made sign and is fixed on the cooperation identification plate, and described cooperation identification plate and entity to be measured are connected.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: cooperation sign, digital camera, image pick-up card and computing machine are organically combined into a system, again in conjunction with specially designed computer program, make native system not need camera is demarcated, with the in-plane displacement amount of single camera with regard to energy high precision monitor distant object; Realization to the cooperation sign carry out that the whole audience is discerned automatically, tracking and sub-pix hi-Fix; Adopt high frequency to adopt the method elimination low frequency atmospheric disturbance influence that figure asks for average by program, make measuring accuracy higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of native system;
Fig. 2 is the design frame chart of computer program of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane of the present invention comprises: sign 1, digital camera 2, image pick-up card 3 and computing machine 4 are made in a combination, wherein every combination does in the sign two cooperation signs are arranged, and described cooperation sign 1 is connected with entity to be measured; Digital camera 2 connects with image pick-up card 3; Image pick-up card 3 directly inserts in the expansion slot of computing machine 4; This system carries out following steps:
A) system's setting---the measurement pattern that images acquired is set is that static process is measured, and measurement parameters such as repetition frame number, automatic recognition method are set;
C) image pick-up card 3 is input to computing machine 4 with the original state view data in the step b);
D) computing machine 4 receives and storing step b) in the original state view data, and data are calculated, extract the center of cooperation sign, be calculated to be the picture ratio;
E) computing machine 4 sends to image pick-up card 3 and adopts the figure instruction, the image of image pick-up card 3 control digital cameras 2 track up cooperation signs 1;
F) image pick-up card 3 is input to computing machine 4 with the view data in the step e);
G) computing machine 4 receives and storing step e) in view data, and data are calculated, the position of cooperation sign on image of position to be measured when extracting original state and follow-up each state calculates the displacement data of cooperation sign 1;
H) computing machine 4 calculates position to be measured actual displacement amount in the horizontal and vertical directions by the displacement data of cooperation sign 1;
I) judge by computing machine 4 whether the actual displacement amount reaches accuracy requirement, as do not reach and then return step e);
J) by computing machine 4 output actual displacement amounts.
The unit of above-mentioned distance is: millimeter; The unit of imaging ratio is: millimeter/pixel; Displacement is: millimeter.
Embodiment two
Different with the foregoing description is, the described cooperation sign of present embodiment has five groups, and every combination is made sign and is fixed on the cooperation identification plate, and described cooperation identification plate and entity to be measured are connected; Every combination does to have five cooperation mark P in the sign
T, P
B, P
L, P
R, P
0, five cooperation signs constitute a planimetric coordinates, wherein with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Be true origin, the cooperation mark P
TBe positioned at the top of Y-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
BThe below that is positioned at the Y-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
LBe positioned at the left of X-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
RBe positioned at the right-hand of X-axis initial point; Described digital camera has five, and every corresponding combination of camera indicates; Image pick-up card 3 links to each other with computing machine 4 by data line 5; In the step a), the measurement pattern that images acquired is set is that dynamic process is measured, and measurement parameter such as manual identification mode is set; In the step b), manually gather the original state image of cooperation sign; Computing machine 4 reception and storing step b in the step d)) the original state view data in, the center of accurately extracting the cooperation sign, cooperation mark P on the computed image
T, P
BBetween distance and cooperation mark P
L, P
RBetween distance, and calculate imaging ratio on the vertical and horizontal both direction; Step g) computing machine 4 receives and storing step e) in view data, the tested point place with reference to the cooperation mark P when accurately extracting original state and follow-up each state
0Exact position on image calculates with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement; Step h) computing machine is according to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement calculate tested point place actual displacement amount in the horizontal and vertical directions.
Embodiment three
Different with embodiment one is, the described cooperation sign of present embodiment has four groups, and every combination is made sign and is fixed on the cooperation identification plate, and described cooperation identification plate and entity to be measured are connected; Every combination is done to have three cooperation mark P in the sign
1, P
2, P
0, three cooperation signs constitute a planimetric coordinates, wherein cooperation mark P
1Be positioned on the X-axis cooperation mark P
2Be positioned on the Y-axis, with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Be initial point; Described digital camera has three, and every corresponding combination of camera indicates; Image pick-up card 3 links to each other with computing machine 4 by data line 5; Computing machine 4 reception and storing step b in the step d)) the original state view data in, the center of accurately extracting the cooperation sign, cooperation mark P on the computed image
0, P
1Between distance and cooperation mark P
0, P
2Between distance, and calculate imaging ratio on the vertical and horizontal both direction; Step g) computing machine 4 receives and storing step e) in view data, the tested point place with reference to the cooperation mark P when accurately extracting original state and follow-up each state
0Exact position on image calculates with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement; Step h) computing machine is according to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement calculate tested point place actual displacement amount in the horizontal and vertical directions, and draw out displacement curve.
Assay method of the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, so long as the scheme of mentioning in this instructions all can be implemented.
Claims (10)
1, small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, this system comprises: cooperation sign, digital camera, image collection card and computing machine, wherein said cooperation sign has one group at least, and every group has two cooperation signs at least, and described cooperation sign and entity to be measured are connected; Digital camera connects with image collection card; Image collection card connects with computing machine; It is characterized in that: this system carries out following steps:
A, system's setting: the measurement pattern of images acquired is set, measurement parameter is set according to measurement pattern;
B, manually gather the original state image of cooperation sign, or computing machine sends to image pick-up card and adopt the figure instruction, image acquisition card control digital camera is taken the original state image of cooperation sign;
C, image pick-up card are input to computing machine with the original state view data among the step b;
D, computing machine receive and storing step b in the original state view data, and data are calculated, extract the center of cooperation sign, be calculated to be the picture ratio;
E, computing machine send to image pick-up card and adopt figure instruction, the image of image acquisition card control digital camera track up cooperation sign;
F, image pick-up card are input to computing machine with the view data among the step e;
G, computing machine receive and storing step e in view data, and data are calculated, the position of cooperation sign on image of position to be measured when extracting original state and follow-up each state calculates the displacement data of cooperation sign;
H, computing machine calculate position to be measured actual displacement amount in the horizontal and vertical directions by the displacement data of cooperation sign;
I, judge by computing machine whether the actual displacement amount reaches accuracy requirement, as do not reach and then return step e;
J, by computing machine output actual displacement amount or draw out displacement curve.
2, small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step a, the measurement pattern that images acquired is set is that static process is measured or dynamic process is measured, and the measurement parameter of repetition frame number and automatic recognition method or manual identification mode is set according to measurement pattern.
3, small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane according to claim 1 is characterized in that: do to set in the sign one of them cooperation in described every combination and be masked as with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Cooperation described in step g and the h is masked as with reference to the cooperation mark P
0
4, small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described every combination is done to have five cooperation mark P in the sign
T, P
B, P
L, P
R, P
0, five cooperation signs constitute a planimetric coordinates, wherein with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Be true origin, the cooperation mark P
TBe positioned at the top of Y-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
BThe below that is positioned at the Y-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
LBe positioned at the left of X-axis initial point, the cooperation mark P
RBe positioned at the right-hand of X-axis initial point;
Original state pictorial data in the steps d among computing machine reception and the storing step b, the center of accurately extracting the cooperation sign, cooperation mark P on the computed image
T, P
BBetween distance and cooperation mark P
L, P
RBetween distance, and calculate imaging ratio on the vertical and horizontal both direction;
The step g computing machine receive and storing step d in pictorial data, the tested point place with reference to the cooperation mark P when accurately extracting original state and follow-up each state
0Exact position on image calculates with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement;
Step h computing machine is according to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement calculate tested point place actual displacement amount in the horizontal and vertical directions.
5, small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described every combination is done to have three cooperation mark P in the sign
1, P
2, P
0, three cooperation signs constitute a planimetric coordinates, wherein cooperation mark P
1Be positioned on the X-axis cooperation mark P
2Be positioned on the Y-axis, with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Be initial point;
Original state pictorial data in the steps d among computing machine reception and the storing step b, the center of accurately extracting the cooperation sign, cooperation mark P on the computed image
0, P
1Between distance and cooperation mark P
0, P
2Between distance, and calculate imaging ratio on the vertical and horizontal both direction;
The step g computing machine receive and storing step e in pictorial data, the tested point place with reference to the cooperation mark P when accurately extracting original state and follow-up each state
0Exact position on image calculates with reference to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement;
Step h computing machine is according to the cooperation mark P
0Displacement calculate tested point place actual displacement amount in the horizontal and vertical directions.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, it is characterized in that: the unit of described distance is: millimeter; The unit of imaging ratio is: millimeter/pixel; Displacement is: millimeter.
7, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, it is characterized in that: described image collection card directly inserts in the expansion slot of computing machine.
8, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, it is characterized in that: described image collection card links to each other image collection card by data line with computing machine.
9, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, it is characterized in that: the resolution of described digital camera is more than 5,000,000 pixels.
10, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane, it is characterized in that: described every combination is made sign and is fixed on the cooperation identification plate, and described cooperation identification plate and entity to be measured are connected.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100339942A CN100458359C (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-02 | Small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100339942A CN100458359C (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-02 | Small-displacement measuring system in long-distance plane |
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| CN1818545A true CN1818545A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100458359C CN100458359C (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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| CN102116607A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-06 | 重庆工商大学 | Method and device for measuring axial displacement characterized by one-dimensional (1D) contrast ratio |
| CN102288118A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2011-12-21 | 福州大学 | Method for measuring multi-measuring point dynamic displacement by singe camera |
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| CN100458359C (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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