CN1815211A - Portable rock-soil heat phyical characteristic detection inst rument based on ground-source heat pump and method thereof - Google Patents
Portable rock-soil heat phyical characteristic detection inst rument based on ground-source heat pump and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1815211A CN1815211A CNA2006100425810A CN200610042581A CN1815211A CN 1815211 A CN1815211 A CN 1815211A CN A2006100425810 A CNA2006100425810 A CN A2006100425810A CN 200610042581 A CN200610042581 A CN 200610042581A CN 1815211 A CN1815211 A CN 1815211A
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Abstract
Present invention discloses a portable cliff soil heat physical property tester and method. It solves mismeasurement problem of underground cliff heat physical property in current ground source heat pump system design. It contains portable cliff soil heat physical property tester based on ground source heat pump, at least one flow sensor, at least one exhaust I, at least one water circulating pump, at least one exhaust II, at least one electric heater, at least one temperature sensor II set in pipe exit end, wherein flow sensor and temperature sensor I connected with monitored control system, voltage sensor and temperature sensor II connected with monitored control system, electric heater connected with EPS through monitored control system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable ground thermal property tester and method thereof based on earth source heat pump.
Background technology
Earth-source hot-pump system is compared advantage with other air handling system outstanding.Because depths, stratum temperature remains unchanged throughout the year, be higher than the outdoor temperature in winter far away, and be starkly lower than the outdoor temperature in summer, so earth source heat pump overcome the technology barrier of air source heat pump, efficient improves a lot, and energy-saving effect is obvious.Also have in addition low noise, floor area few, do not discharge pollutants, without groundwater abstraction, many advantages such as operation and maintenance cost is low, the life-span is long.
The geothermal heat exchanger of design earth-source hot-pump system need be known the thermal physical property parameter of underground ground.If thermal physical property parameter is inaccurate, then designed system may not reach the load needs, and also the possibility scale is excessive, thereby strengthens initial cost.The classic method of descending the ground physical parameter definitely is that the sample that at first takes out according to when boring determines that the geology around the boring constitutes, and determines coefficient of heat conductivity by looking into relevant handbook again.Yet subsurface geologic structures constitutes complicated, even with a kind of rock composition, its thermal physical property parameter span is also bigger.Moreover the coefficient of heat conductivity under the Different Strata geologic condition can differ nearly ten times, and the pipe laying length that causes calculating also differs several times, thereby also can produce sizable deviation in the cost of earth-source hot-pump system.In addition, different shut-in well materials, pipe laying mode heat exchanging is all influential, therefore has only at the scene directly measurement could correctly obtain the thermal physical property parameter of underground ground.But owing to seldom relate to such problem in the engineering practice in the past, both lacked the accumulation of this respect data, also lacked ready-made method of testing.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve at present in the design of earth-source hot-pump system the inaccurate problem of underground ground thermal property parameter measurement, a kind of compact conformation that has is provided, be easy to carry, can make things convenient for on-the-spot accurately the portable ground thermal property tester that the thermal physical property parameter of underground ground is measured based on earth source heat pump.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump, I, at least one flow sensor, at least one exhaust apparatus I, at least one water circulating pump, at least one exhaust apparatus II, at least one electric heater; At pipe outlet B at least one temperature sensor II is set; Flow sensor, temperature sensor I are connected with supervisory system; Voltage sensor, temperature sensor II are connected with supervisory system; Electric heater links to each other with power supply through supervisory system.
Described supervisory system comprises instrument system, and instrument system consists of: comprise that single-chip microcomputer is connected with data-carrier store, RS232 serial communication, clock circuit, LCD display and keyboard, A/D analog to digital converter, printer, flow sensor, temperature sensor, voltage sensor, switching value output by the I/O of system mouth; Provide supporting power supply and fan for system in addition.
Described supervisory system also comprises operation control system, and it consists of; It comprises the 220V AC power, and this power supply is connected with meter switch K1, instrument power through overcurrent insurance 1A; Pump power is in parallel with instrument power through pump switch K2 simultaneously; Contactor JQ connects after heater button K3 is in parallel with pump power with electrothermal relay RJ, pilot relay KJ; The last pilot lamp D3 in parallel of pilot lamp D2 in parallel, contactor JQ on pilot lamp D1 in parallel, the pump power on the instrument power; Power supply also is connected with electric heater through overcurrent insurance 15A, contactor JQ switch simultaneously, and electric heater is connected with the voltage sensor input end.
Described flow sensor model is the LWGY-15 turbine flow transducer, in order to produce and the corresponding pulse signal of flow value; The model of temperature sensor I and temperature sensor II is BSWB-01, the normalized current signal of its output and temperature 0-100 ℃ corresponding 4-20MA; The heating tube of electric heater is that rated power is 3000 watts heat resistance type heating tube; The water circulating pump model is 15PLBR 14-4.
A/D analog to digital conversion passage model in the described instrument system is 12 modulus conversion chips with 11 passages of TLC2543, and it receives each road temperature sensor change and send the current signal that transmits, and carries out filtering and I/V conversion, carries out analog to digital conversion then; And receive voltage sensor and become and give the voltage signal that transmits, carry out analog to digital conversion; The digital signal that obtains offers single-chip microcomputer and handles; Communicating circuit chip model is MAX232, and it forms the RS232 interface circuit of standard, is used for and the host computer transmitting test data; Single-chip microcomputer is that model is the CPU that AT89C52 has internal program memory, and it controls whole system operation, and its inner program storage is deposited working routine and parameter, and internal RAM is as register district, logo area and printing, the display buffer of system; It is connected with the chip and the circuit of instrument system by the I/O port, reaches monitoring purposes; The data-carrier store model is FM24C256, is used to deposit test data, and the test data of data-carrier store storage is not lost behind system blackout; Clock circuit chip model is DS1302, is used to system that accurate absolute clock is provided; Switching value output circuit chip model is 74HC07,4N25, is used for the drive controlling relay, thereby reaches the purpose of control heater duty; LCD circuit unit model is OCMJ2X10C, is used for the instant playback test data; Printer model is MP-D16-8, is used for regularly, printing test data at any time.
A kind of method of testing of the portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump is buried conduit can fluid in it underground in the boring of having bored, and by the designing requirement backfill; Link to each other with the pipeline that the scene is buried underground respectively with pipe outlet B at pipe head A; Fluid is entered by constant pressure supply water case system and is full of pipeline, and ducted gas is closed exhaust apparatus after being discharged by exhaust apparatus, opens gauge tap K1, K2 and K3 then successively; During the instrument normal operating conditions, temperature sensor I collecting temperature signal T1, flow sensor is gathered its flow signal; Fluid is by behind the ebullator then, heat by electric heater, after the fluid temperature signal T2 of heating is gathered by sensor II, again in pipe outlet is input to the conduit that is embedded in the deep layer ground, warmed-up fluid and ground have carried out after the heat interchange in its conduit, turn back in the tester from the tester entrance again, form the circulation of sealing; The voltage sensor collection put on supply voltage on the electric heater and the intrinsic resistance of electric heater has been determined heating power; The heating power that arrives of continuous acquisition, temperature difference, flow value utilize the parameter estimation method to obtain the average coefficient of heat conductivity of ground as measurement data more within a certain period of time.
When carrying out parameter estimation by formula:
The result that will obtain by heat transfer model and the result of actual measurement compare, make variance and when obtaining minimum value, adjusted thermal physical property parameter numerical value promptly is the result who is asked, and Tcal wherein, i are the medial temperature of fluid in the conduit that gone out by Model Calculation constantly of i; Texp, i are the medial temperature of fluid in the conduit of i actual measurement constantly; N is the group number of measured data of experiment.
Testing tool of the present invention is made up of flow sensor, voltage sensor, temperature sensor, water pump, electric heater, pipeline, constant pressure supply water case system, exhaust apparatus and supervisory system etc., because the coefficient of heat conductivity of underground ground etc. can't directly be measured, can only push away by measuring temperature, hot-fluid etc. correlation parameter being counter.In the boring of having bored, bury conduit underground and by the designing requirement backfill, the branch road that conduit in this boring can be used as geothermal heat exchanger in the future uses, be full of water in the loop, allow water in the loop, circulate, from a certain moment water is heated considerable time (a couple of days) continuously, and measure the flow of water in heating power, the loop and the temperature and the pairing time thereof of water, extrapolate the boring evenly heat physical parameter of ground on every side according to known data at last.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the apparatus structure compactness, be easy to carry, on-the-spot stable, test data is accurate, is beneficial to research, develops geothermal heat pump air-conditioning system and makes it industrialization, might become a new growth point of China's economic development.Therefore, the application prospect of portable ground thermal property tester is fine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a tester structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the instrument system block diagram of tester supervisory system;
Fig. 3 is the influence figure of test duration to test result;
Fig. 4 is that pipe compartment is apart from the figure that influences to test result;
Fig. 5 is the electrical principle block diagram of operation control system in the tester supervisory system.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Among Fig. 1, because the effect of pump, fluid is entered by the A mouth, temperature sensor I collecting temperature signal T1, flow sensor is gathered its flow signal, and fluid is heated by electric heater by behind the ebullator, the ebullator both sides are provided with exhaust apparatus I and exhaust apparatus II, the fluid temperature signal T2 of heating by sensor acquisition after, again in the B mouth is input to the conduit that is embedded in the ground, warmed-up fluid and ground have carried out after the heat interchange in its conduit, turn back in the instrument from the A mouth again, form the circulation of sealing.The voltage sensor collection put on supply voltage on the electric heater and the intrinsic resistance of electric heater has been determined heating power.The heating power that arrives of continuous acquisition, temperature difference, flow value utilize the parameter estimation method to obtain the average coefficient of heat conductivity of ground as measurement data more within a certain period of time, reach testing goal.
Fig. 2 has provided the instrument system structure of tester, comprises that single-chip microcomputer is connected with data-carrier store, RS232 serial communication, clock circuit, LCD display and keyboard, A/D analog to digital converter, printer, flow sensor, temperature sensor, voltage sensor, switching value output by the I/O of system mouth; Provide supporting power supply and fan for system in addition.
The current signal that transmits is sent in each road temperature sensor change, after carrying out filtering and I/V conversion, and become by voltage sensor and to send the voltage signal that transmits, carry out analog to digital conversion by TLC2543, TLC2543 has 12 modulus conversion chips of 11 passages, it receives each road temperature sensor change and send the current signal that transmits, and carries out filtering and I/V conversion, carries out analog to digital conversion then; And receive voltage sensor and become and give the voltage signal that transmits, carry out analog to digital conversion; The digital signal that obtains offers single-chip microcomputer and handles.
Its communicating circuit chip model is MAX232, and it forms the RS232 interface circuit of standard, is used for and the host computer transmitting test data.
Single-chip microcomputer is that model is the CPU that AT89C52 has internal program memory, and it controls whole system operation, and its inner program storage is deposited working routine and parameter, and internal RAM is as register district, logo area and printing, the display buffer of system; It is connected with the chip and the circuit of instrument system by the I/O port, reaches monitoring purposes.
The data-carrier store model is FM24C256, is used to deposit test data, and the test data of data-carrier store storage is not lost behind system blackout.
Clock circuit chip model is DS1302, is used to system that accurate absolute clock is provided.
Switching value output circuit chip model is 74HC07,4N25, is used for the drive controlling relay, thereby reaches the purpose of control heater duty; LCD circuit unit model is OCMJ2X10C, is used for the instant playback test data; Printer model is MP-D16-8, is used for regularly, printing test data at any time.
Fig. 5 has provided the operation control system electrical schematic diagram of tester, and it consists of: it comprises the 220V AC power, and this power supply is connected with meter switch K1, instrument power through overcurrent insurance 1A; Pump power is in parallel with instrument power through pump switch K2 simultaneously; Contactor JQ connects after heater button K3 is in parallel with pump power with electrothermal relay RJ, pilot relay KJ; The last pilot lamp D3 in parallel of pilot lamp D2 in parallel, contactor JQ on pilot lamp D1 in parallel, the pump power on the instrument power; Power supply also is connected with electric heater through overcurrent insurance 15A, contactor JQ switch simultaneously, and electric heater is connected with the voltage sensor input end.
Wherein, overcurrent insurance 1A is an operation control system; Overcurrent insurance 15A is a well heater, and K1 is the switch of control instrument system power supply, simultaneously, and the also unlatching of Control Circulation water pump, electric heater; K2 is the switch of Control Circulation pump power, also controls the unlatching of electric heater simultaneously; K3 is the switch of control electric heater power supply; KJ is the relay by instrument system control; RJ is the relay that plays the heat protection; JQ is the contactor to heating installation power supply; D1, D2, D3 are the pilot lamp of each link work.
The method of testing of tester of the present invention is: in the boring of having bored, bury conduit can fluid in it underground, and by the designing requirement backfill; Link to each other with the pipeline that the scene is buried underground respectively with pipe outlet B at pipe head A; Fluid is entered by constant pressure supply water case system and is full of pipeline, and ducted gas is closed exhaust apparatus after being discharged by exhaust apparatus, opens gauge tap K1, K2 and K3 then successively.During the instrument normal operating conditions, temperature sensor I collecting temperature signal T1, flow sensor is gathered its flow signal; Fluid is by behind the ebullator then, heat by electric heater, after the fluid temperature signal T2 of heating is gathered by sensor II, again in pipe outlet is input to the conduit that is embedded in the deep layer ground, warmed-up fluid and deep layer ground have carried out after the heat interchange in its conduit, turn back in the tester from the tester entrance again, form the circulation of sealing.The voltage sensor collection put on supply voltage on the electric heater and the intrinsic resistance of electric heater has been determined heating power.The heating power that arrives of continuous acquisition, temperature difference, flow value utilize the parameter estimation method to obtain the average coefficient of heat conductivity of ground as measurement data more within a certain period of time.Promptly the result who obtains by heat transfer model and the result of actual measurement compare, make variance and:
When obtaining minimum value, adjusted thermal physical property parameter numerical value promptly is the result who is asked.T wherein
Cal, iIt is the medial temperature of fluid in the conduit that constantly goes out by Model Calculation of i; T
Exp, iIt is the medial temperature of fluid in the conduit of i actual measurement constantly; N is the group number of measured data of experiment.
Embodiment:
At boring aperture 115mm, degree of depth 60m, pipe laying internal diameter 25mm, external diameter 32mm, tube pitch 70mm, 14.5 ℃ of underground ground initial temperatures, the tube wall heat conduction coefficient is 0.33W/m ℃, 1.5W/m ℃ of boring backfilling material coefficient of heat conductivity is during heating power 48W/m.
As seen from Figure 3, the test duration difference, the average coefficient of heat conductivity difference of ground is descended in the boring that calculates peripherally.After the test duration reached 50 hours, the coefficient of heat conductivity of measuring tended towards stability approximately, maintained between the 1.530～1.538W/m ℃ of scope.Usually the test duration can be chosen about 60 hours, so both can guarantee to obtain correct coefficient of heat conductivity, can avoid the test duration long again.
It is constant to keep other condition, only changes the spacing between conduit tedge and the downtake, and Fig. 4 is seen in its influence to the ground coefficient of heat conductivity of calculating.As the about 0.01m of tube pitch variation, the coefficient of heat conductivity that calculates changes about 4～8%.As can be seen from Figure, spacing is big more, and the coefficient of heat conductivity that calculates is more little, and this is that the thermal resistance in the boring is more little because spacing is big more, and under the constant situation of entire thermal resistance, the thermal conduction resistance of ground is big on every side; Be that coefficient of heat conductivity is little.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump, it is characterized in that: it comprises pipeline, at pipe head A at least one constant pressure supply water case is set; Set gradually at least one temperature sensor I, at least one flow sensor, at least one exhaust apparatus I, at least one water circulating pump, at least one exhaust apparatus II, at least one electric heater thereafter; At pipe outlet B at least one temperature sensor II is set; Flow sensor, temperature sensor I are connected with supervisory system; Voltage sensor, temperature sensor II are connected with supervisory system; Electric heater links to each other with power supply through supervisory system.
2, according to claim 1 based on thermal property tester on the portable rock of earth source heat pump, it is characterized in that: described supervisory system comprises instrument system, and instrument system consists of: comprise that single-chip microcomputer is connected with data-carrier store, RS232 serial communication, clock circuit, LCD display and keyboard, A/D analog to digital converter, printer, flow sensor, temperature sensor, voltage sensor, switching value output by the I/O of system mouth; Provide supporting power supply and fan for system in addition.
3, the portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supervisory system also comprises operation control system, it consists of: it comprises the 220V AC power, and this power supply is connected with meter switch K1, instrument power through overcurrent insurance 1A; Pump power is in parallel with instrument power through pump switch K2 simultaneously; Contactor JQ connects after heater button K3 is in parallel with pump power with electrothermal relay RJ, pilot relay KJ; The last pilot lamp D3 in parallel of pilot lamp D2 in parallel, contactor JQ on pilot lamp D1 in parallel, the pump power on the instrument power; Power supply also is connected with electric heater through overcurrent insurance 15A, contactor JQ switch simultaneously, and electric heater is connected with the voltage sensor input end.
4, the portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described flow sensor model is the LWGY-15 turbine flow transducer, in order to produce and the corresponding pulse signal of flow value; The model of temperature sensor I and temperature sensor II is BSWB-01, the normalized current signal of its output and temperature 0-100 ℃ corresponding 4-20MA; The heating tube of electric heater is that rated power is 3000 watts heat resistance type heating tube; The water circulating pump model is 15PLBR 14-4.
5, the portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the A/D analog to digital conversion passage model in the described instrument system is 12 modulus conversion chips with 11 passages of TLC2543, it receives each road temperature sensor change and send the current signal that transmits, carry out filtering and I/V conversion, carry out analog to digital conversion then; And receive voltage sensor and become and give the voltage signal that transmits, carry out analog to digital conversion; The digital signal that obtains offers single-chip microcomputer and handles; Communicating circuit chip model is MAX232, and it forms the RS232 interface circuit of standard, is used for and the host computer transmitting test data; Single-chip microcomputer is that model is the CPU that AT89C52 has internal program memory, and it controls whole system operation, and its inner program storage is deposited working routine and parameter, and internal RAM is as register district, logo area and printing, the display buffer of system; It is connected with the chip and the circuit of instrument system by the I/O port, reaches monitoring purposes; The data-carrier store model is FM24C256, is used to deposit test data, and the test data of data-carrier store storage is not lost behind system blackout; Clock circuit chip model is DS1302, is used to system that accurate absolute clock is provided; Switching value output circuit chip model is 74HC07,4N25, is used for the drive controlling relay, thereby reaches the purpose of control heater duty; LCD circuit unit model is OCMJ2X10C, is used for the instant playback test data; Printer model is MP-D16-8, is used for regularly, printing test data at any time.
6, a kind of method of testing of the portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump is characterized in that: in the boring of having bored, bury conduit can fluid in it underground, and by the designing requirement backfill; Link to each other with the pipeline that the scene is buried underground respectively with pipe outlet B at pipe head A; Fluid is entered by constant pressure supply water case system and is full of pipeline, and ducted gas is closed exhaust apparatus after being discharged by exhaust apparatus, opens gauge tap K1, K2 and K3 then successively; During the instrument normal operating conditions, temperature sensor I collecting temperature signal T1, flow sensor is gathered its flow signal; Fluid is by behind the ebullator then, heat by electric heater, after the fluid temperature signal T2 of heating is gathered by sensor II, again in pipe outlet is input to the conduit that is embedded in the deep layer ground, warmed-up fluid and ground have carried out after the heat interchange in its conduit, turn back in the tester from the tester entrance again, form the circulation of sealing; The voltage sensor collection put on supply voltage on the electric heater and the intrinsic resistance of electric heater has been determined heating power; The heating power that arrives of continuous acquisition, temperature difference, flow value utilize the parameter estimation method to obtain the average coefficient of heat conductivity of ground as measurement data more within a certain period of time.
7, the method for testing of the portable ground thermal property tester based on earth source heat pump according to claim 6 is characterized in that: when carrying out parameter estimation by formula:
The result that will obtain by heat transfer model and the result of actual measurement compare, make variance and when obtaining minimum value, adjusted thermal physical property parameter numerical value promptly is the result who is asked, and Tcal wherein, i are the medial temperature of fluid in the conduit that gone out by Model Calculation constantly of i; Texp, i are the medial temperature of fluid in the conduit of i actual measurement constantly; N is the group number of measured data of experiment.
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| CN100585391C (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2010-01-27 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Automatic measuring device for soil thermal parameters |
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| CN101887040A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-11-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Synchronous cold/thermal response ground thermal property tester |
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| CN105784764A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Field portable rock thermophysical parameter test device and method |
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