CN102323294A - Geotechnical thermal response testing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a geotechnical thermal response testing method, which belongs to the technical field of ground source heat pumps and solves the problem of large errors of theoretical calculation results in the conventional geotechnical thermal response testing method. The method comprises the following steps of: testing an actual measurement temperature value of an underground pipe by using a temperature sensor; inputting changed heating power by controlling a heater through an acquisition control system; measuring an actual flow value by using a flow sensor; substituting the actual flow value and the heating power into a discretization equation of a linear heat source or column heat source model; changing a geotechnical thermal conductivity coefficient, a geotechnical heat capacity value and a well hole thermal resistance value, substituting into the discretization equation, and solving a pilot calculation temperature value of the underground pipe; and comparing the solved pilot calculation temperature value with the actual measurement temperature value, wherein the substituted geotechnical thermal conductivity coefficient, geotechnical thermal capacity value and well hole thermal resistance value are the solved parameter values when the pilot calculation temperature value and the actual measurement temperature value have the minimum mean square deviation or the maximum correlation coefficient after repeated pilot calculation. By the method, data is acquired by testing under variable working conditions, so that the accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ground source heat pump technology field, relate to a kind of thermal response method of testing.
Background technology
Earth source heat pump is a kind of thermal resource that utilizes underground shallow-layer; Also claim the ground ability, comprise underground water, soil or surface water etc., through a spot of high-order energy such as electric energy; The low temperature potential energy is shifted to the high temperature potential energy, but to realize that not only heat supply but also the high efficiency energy saving air conditioner that can freeze cross input system.Earth source heat pump utilizes the ground characteristics of temperature stabilization throughout the year; Winter can be as the thermal source of heat pump heating ground; Promptly take out the supply indoor heating to the heat energy in the ground ability that is higher than environment temperature; Summer can be as the low-temperature receiver of air-conditioning ground, promptly takes out indoor heat energy to be discharged in the ground ability that is lower than environment temperature.Usually earth source heat pump consumes the heat of 1KW, and the user can obtain heat or the cold about 4KW.
For the earth source heat pump engineering design; What be concerned about the most is the exchange capability of heat of ground pipe laying heat-exchange system; This mainly is reflected on the parameters such as the comprehensive ground coefficient of heat conductivity in the ground heat exchanger depth range, comprehensive specific heat capacity, the soil moisture, the comprehensive thermal resistance of pipe embedded well; Because the complicacy and the otherness of geologic structure, these physical parameters can only obtain through on-the-spot thermal response test.The ground thermal property parameter that test obtains is an integrated value that reflects factor affecting such as groundwater flow.
Earth-source hot-pump system engineering legislation GB50366-2005 (version in 2009) regulation, earth-source hot-pump system are used area at 3000m
2When above, an instrument connection be set at least carry out ground thermal response test; Use area greater than 10000m
2The time, instrument connection quantity should not be less than 2.
At present domestic enterprise and the research institution that is engaged in the thermal response test is more, and its test and analytical approach are almost completely the same.During test, through to underground firm power heat extraction, note ground pipe laying out temperature automatically, return out a time dependent logarithmic curve formula of temperature, theoretical through line heat source, thus calculate the coefficient of heat conductivity of ground.
Mention anti-inference method at 65 pages of final stages of " earth-source hot-pump system engineering legislation " GB50366-2005 (version in 2009) and derive the ground thermal property parameter; The thermal physical property parameter of substitution was the result that asks when variance was minimum; In fact its substitution is the analytic solution models; And that the basis of analytic solution is requirement power inputs is stable, also is that power input is a constant, but not variable.69 pages C.3.5 " in process of the test, if change heating power, then need stop test, temperature returns to the initial medial temperature of ground when consistent in the prospect hole to be measured, could carry out ground thermal response test again." in addition; 65 pages of ground thermal property parameters of deriving of being carried do not comprise the boring internal thermal resistance, and the calculating of thermal resistance is calculated through 66-67 laminated structure of shale opinion formula, and the factor at least ten that influences the Theoretical Calculation thermal resistance is multinomial; and many factors have uncertainty, so the Theoretical Calculation resultant error is very big.
Through theoretical research and practical experience, there is following drawback in said method:
1, it is highly stable that the method requires power input, because in the derivation formula of line heat source, power input is a definite value.Because at building-site, voltage instability occurs through regular meeting, the method maybe be very inaccurate; Even can't obtain corresponding thermal physical property parameter, if the power failure phenomenon can't be analyzed data; And disturb because this testing well has received heat, can not open test again in a short time;
What 2, the well internal thermal resistance adopted usually is that theoretical method calculates or semiempirical formula is calculated, and is not that pass test data is tried to achieve, and error is bigger.The factor at least ten that influences the Theoretical Calculation thermal resistance is multinomial, and many factors have uncertainty, so the Theoretical Calculation resultant error is very big.
3, the soil thermal capacitance can not directly be obtained, and common way has two kinds: a. surveys in the base area ground attribute of reporting each degree of depth of measuring, the thermal capacitance of consulting these these rock-soil layers respectively, weighted mean then; B. utilize line heat source theoretical, after trying to achieve coefficient of heat conductivity and well internal thermal resistance, can go out thermal capacitance with the formula direct derivation, yet the top error of having mentioned the aforementioned calculation thermal resistance is very big, the thermal capacitance error certainty of deriving according to the very big thermal resistance of error is also very big.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing technology and have the problems referred to above; A kind of ground thermal response method of testing has been proposed; This method is tested under variable working condition and is drawn data; Traditional heat transfer theory and computer technology are combined, test value and theoretical model reckoning value are compared, detect the accuracy of wanting test data with actual test data.
The present invention realizes through following technical proposal: a kind of ground thermal response method of testing; Test out the observed temperature value of ground pipe laying through temperature sensor; It is characterized in that,, measure the actual flow value through flow sensor through the heating power that the input of acquisition control system control heater changes; In the discrete equation with above-mentioned actual flow value, heating power substitution line heat source or post heat source model; Change the value and the substitution discrete equation of ground coefficient of heat conductivity, ground thermal capacitance and wellhole thermal resistance, solve the tentative calculation temperature value of ground pipe laying, and tentative calculation temperature value that solves and observed temperature value are compared; Repeatedly after the tentative calculation when the variance minimum of tentative calculation temperature value and observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum, the ground coefficient of heat conductivity of institute's substitution, ground thermal capacitance and wellhole thermal resistance are the parameter value of being asked.
In above-mentioned ground thermal response method of testing, described acquisition control system can be exported corresponding heating power according to the timetable of setting in the acquisition control system by control heater.
As first scheme, in above-mentioned ground thermal response method of testing, described temperature sensor is two, is respectively applied for test ground pipe laying import and export observed temperature value, and described observed temperature value is the mean value of ground pipe laying import and export observed temperature value.
As alternative plan; In above-mentioned ground thermal response method of testing; Described temperature sensor is two, is respectively applied for test ground pipe laying import and export observed temperature value, and described observed temperature value is respectively ground pipe laying inlet temperature value and ground pipe laying outlet temperature value; The tentative calculation respectively of ground pipe laying import and export tentative calculation temperature value, and variance or related coefficient between the temperature value are surveyed in relatively import and export tentative calculation temperature value and turnover, cause for gossip respectively.
In above-mentioned ground thermal response method of testing; Described ground coefficient of heat conductivity, ground thermal capacitance and three parameter values of wellhole thermal resistance draw through following steps: initial value first initial parameter value and second initial parameter value of elder generation's given any two parameters in span; The 3rd parameter tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of the 3rd parameter; Keep the initial value of second parameter constant then; The 3rd parameter is its interim optimum value; The tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value of first parameter, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of first parameter; Get first parameter again and the 3rd parameter is respectively its interim optimum value; Second parameter tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of second parameter; So far accomplished first round tentative calculation; Carry out second according to above-mentioned steps then and take turns tentative calculation, take turns in the tentative calculation second, first initial parameter value of initial supposition and second initial parameter value are respectively the interim optimum value that tentative calculation for the first time obtains, and other steps are identical with the first round; Carry out repeatedly tentative calculation so repeatedly, after the absolute value of variance that adjacent two-wheeled tentative calculation obtains or the difference between the related coefficient was less than a preset decimal, tentative calculation finished, and the interim optimum value that obtains at last is the value of being asked.
Prior art is compared, and title of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, in line heat source or the post heat source model, power input is a variable, rather than a constant.Therefore, voltage fluctuation, the power input variation can not impact analysis result.And power input can also be restrained according to air-conditioning actual row thermal gauge and set, the thermal response situation of direct modeling under the actual change load.When power input is set at 0, promptly represent the hot rejuvenation of soil.
2, this method not only can be fully draws the parameter such as coefficient of heat conductivity, wellhole thermal resistance, soil thermal capacitance of soil according to code requirement; And can be theoretical through line heat source theory and post thermal source respectively; The method of using the tentative calculation of tentative calculation iteration directly obtains parameters such as coefficient of heat conductivity, wellhole thermal resistance, soil thermal capacitance through the thermal response test, reduces the error through pure theory result of calculation.
3, both can be the same according to conventional test methodologies, input is stable continuously, can import the load of variation again, the soil moisture variation characteristic under the direct modeling buildings varying loading situation.Not only simulated the situation that input load back subsurface temperature rises, and simulated when load and reduce or stop to import under the situation of load the situation that the soil moisture recovers automatically.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
The used thermal response proving installation of this ground thermal response method of testing comprises the liquid closed circuit that water pump, well heater and ground pipe laying are in turn connected into; The import and export two ends of ground pipe laying are equipped with temperature sensor and tensimeter; On the liquid closed circuit, also be provided with flow sensor; Well heater is the adjustable well heater of heating power, and in well heater, is provided with power sensor, and this thermal response proving installation also comprises acquisition control system; Well heater, power sensor, temperature sensor and flow sensor all are connected with acquisition control system, and data and control heater that acquisition control system can each sensor of image data heat.
This ground thermal response method of testing is following: the observed temperature value that tests out the ground pipe laying through temperature sensor; Temperature sensor is two; Be respectively applied for the temperature value that test ground pipe laying is imported and exported; The observed temperature value is the mean value of two temperature sensor measured temperature values, also can be ground pipe laying import observed temperature value and ground pipe laying outlet observed temperature value that two temperature sensors are surveyed.Acquisition control system can be exported corresponding heating power according to the timetable of setting in the acquisition control system by control heater, through the heating power of acquisition control system control heater input variation.Measure the actual flow value through flow sensor; In the discrete equation with above-mentioned actual flow value, heating power substitution line heat source or post heat source model; Change the value and the substitution discrete equation of ground coefficient of heat conductivity, ground thermal capacitance and wellhole thermal resistance; Solve the tentative calculation temperature value of ground pipe laying; And tentative calculation temperature value that solves and observed temperature value compared, repeatedly after the tentative calculation when the variance minimum of tentative calculation temperature value and observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum, the ground coefficient of heat conductivity of institute's substitution, ground thermal capacitance and wellhole thermal resistance are the parameter value of being asked.
Specifically; Described ground coefficient of heat conductivity, ground thermal capacitance and three parameter values of wellhole thermal resistance draw through following steps: initial value first initial parameter value and second initial parameter value of elder generation's given any two parameters in span; The 3rd parameter tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of the 3rd parameter; Keep the initial value of second parameter constant then; The 3rd parameter is its interim optimum value; The tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value of first parameter, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of first parameter; Get first parameter again and the 3rd parameter is respectively its interim optimum value; Second parameter tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of second parameter; So far accomplished first round tentative calculation; Carry out second according to above-mentioned steps then and take turns tentative calculation, take turns in the tentative calculation second, first initial parameter value of initial supposition and second initial parameter value are respectively the interim optimum value that tentative calculation for the first time obtains, and other steps are identical with the first round; Carry out repeatedly tentative calculation so repeatedly, after the absolute value of variance that adjacent two-wheeled tentative calculation obtains or the difference between the related coefficient was less than a preset decimal, tentative calculation finished, and the interim optimum value that obtains at last is the value of being asked.
Variable working condition thermal response theory of testing model is:
For ease of setting up heat transfer model and finding the solution, do supposition as follows: 1, ground rerum natura isotropy; 2, ignore along the temperature difference of depth direction, be reduced to Two-Dimensional Heat; 3, ignore each rerum natura such as coefficient of heat conductivity with variation of temperature; 4, ignore the interior thermal capacitance of well, the well internal thermal resistance is considered to constant; 5, the gained parameter is comprehensive parameters, has comprised like coefficient of heat conductivity and has considered the subsurface convection influence; Thermal capacitance has comprised the influence of ground water cut.It is the unstable state heat conduction in the infinitely great medium of cylinder thermal source that heat transfer model can be reduced to the wall of a borehole.
Its heat transfer governing equation, starting condition and boundary condition are respectively:
T=t
Iniτ=0 or r → ∞; T=t
IniR → ∞ (4)
In the formula
The t-soil moisture, ℃; τ-working time, s;
ρ C-soil thermal capacitance, J/m
3℃; The average coefficient of heat conductivity of λ-soil, W/m ℃;
q
τ-τ heat extraction power constantly, heat-obtaining is for bearing W/m; r
w-wellhole radius, m;
t
fMedial temperature in the-pipe, ℃; t
w-boring well wall temperature, ℃;
R
w-wellhole thermal resistance, m ℃/W;
t
Ini-soil initial temperature, ℃.
The complete underground heat exchange differential equation, boundary condition and the starting condition described in formula (1)～(4).Being dispersed in formula (1)～(2) is difference equation, input soil initial temperature t
Ini, system by the time heat exhaust and heat-obtaining amount q
τ, at given λ, ρ C, R
wCan obtain t during these three parameter values
fTime dependent value.Through tentative calculation, as the t that calculates
fWith actual measurement t
fBetween the minimum or related coefficient of variance when maximum, these three parameter values of tentative calculation institute substitution are the value of requirement.
Illustrate the tentative calculation process: the given ρ C=ρ C in span of elder generation
0, R
w=R
W, 0Value, λ=λ is supposed in λ tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value
1The time, the t that calculates
fWith actual measurement t
fBetween variance minimum; Suppose λ=λ then
1, R
w=R
W, 0, ρ C=ρ C is supposed in ρ C tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value
1The time, the t that calculates
fWith actual measurement t
fBetween variance minimum; Fixing λ=λ again
1, ρ C=ρ C
1, R
wR is supposed in tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value
w=R
W, 1The time, the t that calculates
fWith actual measurement t
fBetween variance minimum, R in the tentative calculation process of next round
w=R
W, 1Through the tentative calculation of many wheels, when the difference between the variance of adjacent two-wheeled tentative calculation during less than a predefined decimal, tentative calculation finishes, the λ that obtains at last, ρ C, R
wBe the value of being asked.
This method power is one of input quantity, and the restriction of therefore not stablized power input under the test condition of power swing, still can draw result accurately, has guaranteed precision of test result, reliability effectively.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. ground thermal response method of testing; Test out the observed temperature value of ground pipe laying through temperature sensor; It is characterized in that,, measure the actual flow value through flow sensor through the heating power that the input of acquisition control system control heater changes; In the discrete equation with above-mentioned actual flow value, heating power substitution line heat source or post heat source model; Change the value and the substitution discrete equation of ground coefficient of heat conductivity, ground thermal capacitance and wellhole thermal resistance, solve the tentative calculation temperature value of ground pipe laying, and tentative calculation temperature value that solves and observed temperature value are compared; Repeatedly tentative calculation is when the variance minimum of tentative calculation temperature value and observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum, and the ground coefficient of heat conductivity of institute's substitution, ground thermal capacitance and wellhole thermal resistance are the parameter value of being asked.
2. ground thermal response method of testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described acquisition control system can be exported corresponding heating power according to the timetable of setting in the acquisition control system by control heater.
3. ground thermal response method of testing according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Described temperature sensor is two, is respectively applied for test ground pipe laying import and export observed temperature value, and described observed temperature value is the mean value of ground pipe laying import and export observed temperature value.
4. ground thermal response method of testing according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Described temperature sensor is two, is respectively applied for test ground pipe laying import and export observed temperature value, and described observed temperature value is respectively ground pipe laying inlet temperature value and ground pipe laying outlet temperature value; The tentative calculation respectively of ground pipe laying import and export tentative calculation temperature value, and variance or related coefficient between the temperature value are surveyed in relatively import and export tentative calculation temperature value and turnover, cause for gossip respectively.
5. ground thermal response method of testing according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Described ground coefficient of heat conductivity, ground thermal capacitance and three parameter values of wellhole thermal resistance draw through following steps: initial value first initial parameter value and second initial parameter value of elder generation's given any two parameters in span; The 3rd parameter tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of the 3rd parameter; Keep the initial value of second parameter constant then; The 3rd parameter is its interim optimum value; The tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value of first parameter, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of first parameter; Get first parameter again and the 3rd parameter is respectively its interim optimum value; Second parameter tentative calculation between minimum value and maximal value, the tentative calculation value when tentative calculation temperature value that tentative calculation is gone out and the variance minimum between the observed temperature value or related coefficient are maximum is as the interim optimum value of second parameter; So far accomplished first round tentative calculation; Carry out second according to above-mentioned steps then and take turns tentative calculation, take turns in the tentative calculation second, first initial parameter value of initial supposition and second initial parameter value are respectively the interim optimum value that tentative calculation for the first time obtains, and other steps are identical with the first round; Carry out repeatedly tentative calculation so repeatedly, after the absolute value of variance that adjacent two-wheeled tentative calculation obtains or the difference between the related coefficient was less than a preset decimal, tentative calculation finished, and the interim optimum value that obtains at last is the value of being asked.
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| CN112613152A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-06 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for estimating thermal physical property parameters of sleeve type buried pipe rock and soil |
| CN113433163A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-09-24 | 南京大学 | Test method and test system for heat conductivity coefficient |
| CN114813828A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-29 | 河海大学 | Novel micro-thermal test method for determining thermophysical property parameters of aquifer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104330412A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-04 | 上海师范大学 | Non-contact nondestructive testing method for heat conductivity coefficient of rock and earth mass |
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| CN114813828B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-09-20 | 河海大学 | Micro-thermal test method for determining thermophysical property parameters of aquifer |
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