CN1814696A - Use of desulfurized waste material of coal-burning smoke and method for modifying alkali soil by same - Google Patents

Use of desulfurized waste material of coal-burning smoke and method for modifying alkali soil by same Download PDF

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CN1814696A
CN1814696A CN 200610011116 CN200610011116A CN1814696A CN 1814696 A CN1814696 A CN 1814696A CN 200610011116 CN200610011116 CN 200610011116 CN 200610011116 A CN200610011116 A CN 200610011116A CN 1814696 A CN1814696 A CN 1814696A
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soil
gas desulfurization
flue gas
desulfurization waste
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CN1333042C (en
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陈昌和
徐旭常
定方正毅
乌力更
王淑娟
新田义孝
李跃进
松本聰
李彦
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Priority claimed from CN 200510011227 external-priority patent/CN1654595A/en
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Priority to AU2006203779A priority patent/AU2006203779A1/en
Priority to US11/469,162 priority patent/US8007560B2/en
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Abstract

This invention relates to a new usage of desulfurized wastes of coal smoke and a method for improving alkali earth, in which, the method includes: sampling an earth-sample to test it and computing the volume of Na<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>, NaHCO<SUB>3</SUB>, Mg(HCO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>,+)Na and Mg, computing the mol volume of CaSO<SUB>4</SUB> necessary for the reform then computing the necessary volume for getting the smoke desulfurized wastes based on their composition to spread the wastes on the earth's surface and irrigate it and applying the field management measure same to the ordinary earth.

Description

Application of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste and method for improving alkaline soil by using same
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste and a soil improvement technology, in particular to a method for improving alkaline soil by using the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement.
Background
The main component of the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste is gypsum (CaSO)4·2H2O) or its reaction with calcium sulfite (CaSO)3) Also a certain amount of fly ash and water. Relatively pure calcium sulfate (gypsum) is a common building material; calcium sulfite is a waste, and is very easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment due to instability. In fact, because China is a country rich in natural gypsum, the price is low; the gypsum which is generated after the flue gas desulfurization and contains a large amount of water, ash and other impurities is not needed to be directly used as building gypsum, because the cost is very high, namely the flue gas desulfurization by-product can be used after further purification and dehydration treatment. Therefore, the flue gas desulfurization by-product has no market competitiveness as building gypsum in China, only a small amount of the flue gas desulfurization by-product is used as a cement additive, and most of the flue gas desulfurization by-product is usually discarded as waste. At present, the method for treating the flue gas desulfurization waste in the power plant mainly comprises land landfill and ash storage in an ash storage tank. WhileEvery time 1 million tons of desulfurization byproducts are treated, a thermal power plant needs to land 200m2, the investment of ash yard operation cost is 2-8 ten thousand yuan, and the ash transportation cost is 2-5 ten thousand yuan. Therefore, effective utilization of coal flue gas desulfurization waste is a subject of considerable research, both from the viewpoint of environmental protection and from the viewpoint of economy.
At present, measures for treating saline-alkali soil generally comprise four aspects of water conservancy improvement measures (irrigation, drainage, silt discharge, rice planting, seepage prevention and the like), agricultural improvement measures (land leveling, improvement and cultivation, soil dressing, fertilization, seeding, crop rotation, interplanting and the like), biological improvement measures (planting salt-tolerant plants and pasture, green manure, afforestation and the like) and chemical improvement measures (applying improvement substances such as gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium sulfite and the like). When the former improved the soil with gypsum, the gypsum application amount was calculated by mainly considering the difference between exchangeable sodium obtained by subtracting 5% or 10% of the alkalization degree from exchangeable sodium, as the basis of the gypsum application amount, and for Na2CO3、NaHCO3When the amount is large, the amount of gypsum to be applied is counted, and when the amount is small, the amount is ignored, and it is not considered that exchangeable magnesium is also counted, so that the amount of gypsum to be applied is smaller than the amount required for actual improvement, and the effect of improvement is impaired.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention makes the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste be used economically and effectively, changes waste into valuable, and provides the alkaline soil improvement method which has the advantages of high improvement speed, good effect, low water consumption, good economy and good application prospect.
The invention provides application of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste in improving alkaline soil.
The invention also provides a method for improving alkaline soil by using the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, which comprises the following steps:
1) sampling soil to be improved, drying in the shade, sieving, and mixing water and soil according to the weight ratio of 1: 1; collecting extractive solution, and assaying for CO3 2-、HCO3 -、SO4 2-、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+And Na+The content of ions; measuring contents of exchangeable cations K, Na, Ca and Mg by using a Schlumberger's method to calculate Na2CO3、NaHCO3、Mg(HCO3)2+ -) Na and + -) Mg;
2) using the formula 1/2 + -) Na + -) Mg + Mg (HCO)3)2+Na2CO3+1/2NaHCO3Calculating the soil to be improvedRequired CaSO4The molar amount of (c);
3) the CaSO obtained according to step 2)4Molar mass and CaSO contained in flue gas desulfurization waste4·2H2And (3) calculating the amount of the waste gas desulfurization required by the soil to be improved:
the alkalization degree is 10-20% of mildly alkalized soil 1200-1500 kg/mu;
the moderate alkaline soil with the alkalinity of 20-30% is 1500-2000 kg/mu;
the heavily alkalized soil with the alkalization degree larger than 30 percent is 2000-5000 kilograms/mu;
4) spreading the flue gas desulfurization waste on the ground surface according to pattern spots, applying the flue gas desulfurization waste to mild and moderate alkalized soil in spring, and planting crops in the same year; for the heavily alkalized soil, applying the fertilizer in summer, not planting in the current year, and planting in the next year; when the flue gas desulfurization waste is applied, a rotary plow is used for plowing and mixing, wherein the plowing depth is 20-40 cm, so that the flue gas desulfurization waste is fully mixed with soil;
5) the flue gas desulfurization waste is irrigated after being applied, and then field management and agricultural production are carried out as normal land.
And (3) irrigating the flue gas desulfurization waste in the step 5) after the flue gas desulfurization waste is applied, wherein the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 100-200 cubic meters per mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and prominent effects: the invention provides a new application of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, namely, the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste is utilized to improve alkaline soil, waste is changed into valuable, and the method has good social and economic benefits. So far, the amount of desulfurization waste generated each year by China is more than 2000 million kilowatts, which reaches 1.2 million kilowatts by 2006; when all the current 3.6 million kilowatt coal-fired power plants are equipped with desulfurization equipment and put into operation, the amount of desulfurization waste per year will reach 6000 million tons or more, which is a huge number. If the desulfurization waste is not utilized and discarded, tens of thousands of acres of land are occupied, which not only greatly wastes valuable land resources, but also causes secondary pollution to the environment. And the desulfurization waste is used for improving the soil, so that great economic benefit and social benefit are generated. In the face of large-area saline-alkali soil and developing secondary saline-alkali soil in China, coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste is utilized for improvement, so that large-area wasteland can be changed into oasis, and medium and low-yield fields can be changed into high-yield and stable-yield fields. The method has great significance for solving the pollution of the grain safety in China and the flue gas desulfurization waste of the coal-fired power plant to the environment, restoring ecological vegetation, preventing wind and fixing sand and promoting the implementation of the western major development strategy.
In the method for improving alkaline soil by using coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, Na is considered when the application amount of gypsum is calculated2CO3、NaHCO3、Mg(HCO3)2The amount of exchangeable sodium and exchangeable magnesium, so the improvement speed is high and the effect is obvious. From the influence on the soil characteristics, the flue gas desulfurization waste can neutralize the soil alkalinity, reduce the soil pH value and the soil alkalization degree, reduce the soil volume weight, improve the soil moisture physical properties, increase the soil granular structure and provide a large amount of Ca and S nutrition. From the improvement result, the emergence rate of the treatment area is improved by 10-75% compared with that of the control area, the biological yield is improved by 48.8-932%, the yield of the seeds is averagely improved by 48.8-79.1%, and the improvement effect is more obvious as the soil alkalization degree is higher overall. From the aspect of economic benefit, the net benefit after improvement is 4.6 times that before improvement for the moderate alkalization area; for the heavily alkalized area, the net benefit before improvement is a negative value, and the net benefit after improvement can reach more than 470 yuan per mu.
Detailed Description
The coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste utilized by the invention is flue gas desulfurization waste of power plants and other coal-fired equipment, and mainly comprisesCaSO with over 60 percent of components4Or CaSO3Others are coal ash and water.
The specific method for improving the alkaline soil by using the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste comprises the following steps:
firstly, sampling soil to be improved, drying in the shade, sieving, and then mixing water and soil according to the weight ratio of 1: 1; taking the extract, assaying eight major ions, namely CO3 2-、HCO3 -、SO4 2-、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+And Na+Ion content, and Na is calculatedby measuring contents of exchangeable cations K, Na, Ca and Mg by Schlumberger's method2CO3、NaHCO3、Mg(HCO3)2Amount of exchangeable sodium and exchangeable magnesium; utilizing the formula 1/2 + -) Na + -) Mg + Mg (HCO)3)2+Na2CO3+1/2NaHCO3Calculating CaSO required by the soil to be improved4The molar amount of (c); the main chemical reaction equation is as follows:
CaSO contained in flue gas desulfurization waste obtained by common coal-fired flue gas desulfurization process4·2H2The amount of O is more than 75% of the total weight of the flue gas desulfurization waste, based on the CaSO obtained4Molar amount of (CaSO)4Amount applied) can be countedAnd calculating to obtain the required flue gas desulfurization waste amount. The application amount of the flue gas desulfurization waste determined by the invention is as follows: the mild alkaline soil (the alkalinity is 10-20%) is 1200-1500 kg/mu; the moderate alkalized soil (the alkalization degree is 20-30%) is 1500-2000 kg/mu; the heavily alkalized soil (the alkalization degree is more than 30 percent) is 2000-5000 kg/mu. The flue gas desulfurization waste is scattered on the ground surface according to the pattern spots, and is applied to mild and moderate alkalized soil in spring, so that crops can be planted in the same year; for heavily alkalized soil, the fertilizer is applied in summer, and the planting is not carried out in the current year. And (3) ploughing and mixing by using a rotary plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-40 cm, so that the flue gas desulfurization waste is fully mixed with the soil, the flue gas desulfurization waste is irrigated after being applied, and the irrigation water quantity is controlled at 150 cubic meters per mu so as to dissolve the modifying agent and enable the modifying agent to act with the soil. Then, the agricultural production is carried out by adopting the field management measures which are the same as those of other normal soils. From the second year, the improvement is not needed, the normal agricultural production can be continued, and the improvement effect is more than 10 years.
Example 1:
slightly alkalized soil: for the soil with the alkalization degree of 10%, the method is adopted, the application amount of the flue gas desulfurization waste is 1212 kg/mu, the plowing depth is 20cm, the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 150 cubic meters/mu, the crop planted in 2003 is the grain corn, the variety is the taimen No. 7, the sowing amount is 1.75 kg/mu, and the sowing date is 5 months, 1 day to 3 days. The seedling emergence rate in the current year is 100%, the grain yield is 584 kg/mu, and the grain yield is improved by 60.4% compared with that in a control area. The decrement degree is 17%, the application amount of the flue gas desulfurization waste is 1500 kg/mu, the plowing depth is 20cm, the crop planted in 2003 is the grain corn, the variety is the taimen No. 7, the sowing amount is 1.75 kg/mu, and the sowing date is 5 months, 1 day to 3 days. The emergence rate is 100%, the seed yield is 621 kg/mu, and the yield is improved by 70% compared with that of a control area.
Example 2:
moderately alkalized soil: for soil with the degree of degradation of 20%, the method is adopted, the application amount of the flue gas desulfurization waste is 1560 kg/mu, the plowing depth is 20cm, the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 200 cubic meters per mu, the crop planted in 2003 is grain corn, the variety is hucho NO. 7, the sowing amount is 1.75 kg/mu, and the sowing date is 5 months, 1 day to 3 days. The seedling emergence rate in the current year is 100%, the yield of grains is 748 kilograms per mu, and the yield is improved by 67% compared with that in a control area. For the soil with the alkalization degree of 28%, the method is adopted, the application amount of the flue gas desulfurization waste is 2067 kg/mu, the plowing depth is 20cm, the crop planted in 2003 is the grain corn, the variety is the taimen No. 7, the sowing amount is 1.75 kg/mu, and the sowing date is 5 months, 1 day to 3 days. The rate of emergence in the current year is 100%, the yield of seeds is 848 kg/mu, and is improved by 90% compared with that in a control area.
Example 3:
heavy alkalized soil: for the soil with the alkalization degree of about 32%, the method is adopted, the application amount of the flue gas desulfurization waste is 2230 kg/mu, the plowing depth is 20cm, the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 100 cubic meters/mu, the crop planted in 2003 is the grain corn, the variety is the taimen No. 7, the sowing amount is 1.75 kg/mu, and the sowing date is 5 months, 1 day and 3 days. The emergence rate in the current year is 93%, the grain yield is 751 kg/mu, and the grain yield in the control area is only 41.4 kg/mu. For soil with the degree of degradation of 79%, the application amount of flue gas desulfurization waste is 4708 kg/mu, the plowing depth is 40cm, the crop planted in 2003 is grain corn, the variety is Zhemen No. 7, the sowing amount is 1.75 kg/mu, and the sowing date is 5 months, 1 day to 3 days. The annual rate of emergence is 88%, the yield of seeds is 492kg/mu, and the yield of seeds in a control area is only 41.4 kg/mu.

Claims (3)

1. The application of the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste in improving alkaline soil.
2. A method for improving alkaline soil by using coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste comprises the following steps:
1) sampling soil to be improved, drying in the shade, sieving, and mixing water and soil according to the weight ratio of 1: 1; collecting extractive solution, and assaying for CO3 2-、HCO3 -、SO4 2-、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+And Na+The content of ions; measuring contents of exchangeable cations K, Na, Ca and Mg by using a Schlumberger's method to calculate Na2CO3、NaHCO3、Mg(HCO3)2+ -) Na and + -) Mg;
2) utilizing the formula 1/2 + -) Na + -) Mg + Mg (HCO)3)2+Na2CO3+1/2NaHCO3Calculating CaSO required by the soil to be improved4The molar amount of (c);
3) CaSO obtained according to step 2)4Molar mass and CaSO contained in flue gas desulfurization waste4.2H2And (3) calculating the amount of the waste gas desulfurization required by the soil to be improved:
the alkalization degree is 10-20% of mildly alkalized soil 1200-1500 kg/mu;
the moderate alkaline soil with the alkalinity of 20-30% is 1500-2000 kg/mu;
the heavily alkalized soil with the alkalization degree larger than 30 percent is 2000-5000 kilograms/mu;
4) spreading the flue gas desulfurization waste on the ground surface according to pattern spots, applying the flue gas desulfurization waste to mild and moderate alkalized soil in spring, and planting crops in the same year; for the heavily alkalized soil, applying the fertilizer in summer, not planting in the current year, and planting in the next year; when the flue gas desulfurization waste is applied, ploughing the soil, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-40 cm, so that the flue gas desulfurization waste is fully mixed with the soil;
5) the flue gas desulfurization waste is irrigated after being applied, and then field management and agricultural production are carried out as normal land.
3. The method of improving alkaline soil according to claim 2, wherein: and (5) irrigating the flue gas desulfurization waste after application, wherein the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 100-200 cubic meters per mu or more.
CNB2006100111160A 2005-01-21 2006-01-06 Use of desulfurized waste material of coal-burning smoke and method for modifying alkali soil by same Active CN1333042C (en)

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CNB2006100111160A CN1333042C (en) 2005-01-21 2006-01-06 Use of desulfurized waste material of coal-burning smoke and method for modifying alkali soil by same
AU2006203779A AU2006203779A1 (en) 2006-01-06 2006-08-30 Use of the Flue Gas Desulfurization Byproduct from Thermal Power Plants and Facilities and a Method for Alkali Soil Amelioration
US11/469,162 US8007560B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2006-08-31 Use of the flue gas desulfurization byproduct from thermal power plants and facilities and a method for alkali soil amelioration

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CN 200510011227 CN1654595A (en) 2005-01-21 2005-01-21 Method for improving alkali soil by using products of coal desulfurization
CN200510011227.7 2005-01-21
CNB2006100111160A CN1333042C (en) 2005-01-21 2006-01-06 Use of desulfurized waste material of coal-burning smoke and method for modifying alkali soil by same

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100443563C (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-12-17 宁夏大学 Nutritive soil improver special for salt alkali land and its processing method
CN101831305A (en) * 2010-04-29 2010-09-15 长春工业大学 Soda type saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof
CN103642501A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-03-19 滨州市智和生产力促进中心 Saline-alkali soil improving agent

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001271067A (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-02 Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd Method for improving soil of volcanic soil
JP4387040B2 (en) * 2000-05-18 2009-12-16 日本製紙株式会社 Soil improver and / or organic fertilizer and method for producing the same
CN100443199C (en) * 2005-04-12 2008-12-17 中国农业大学 Method for improving alkali soil

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100443563C (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-12-17 宁夏大学 Nutritive soil improver special for salt alkali land and its processing method
CN101831305A (en) * 2010-04-29 2010-09-15 长春工业大学 Soda type saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof
CN103642501A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-03-19 滨州市智和生产力促进中心 Saline-alkali soil improving agent
CN103642501B (en) * 2013-12-23 2016-04-20 滨州市智和生产力促进中心 A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner

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