CN1810725A - Chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wallrock - Google Patents
Chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wallrock Download PDFInfo
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- CN1810725A CN1810725A CN 200610038436 CN200610038436A CN1810725A CN 1810725 A CN1810725 A CN 1810725A CN 200610038436 CN200610038436 CN 200610038436 CN 200610038436 A CN200610038436 A CN 200610038436A CN 1810725 A CN1810725 A CN 1810725A
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Abstract
The chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wall rock includes the following steps: determining the type of chemical swelling agent based on the rock property; dropping the chemical swelling agent into the cracks between the fossil and the wall rock; laying in the air for several hours to several days; and finally manual peeling of swelled wall rock. The chemical swelling agent is alkali solution one sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. for alkali wall rock; ammonia salt solution of ammonia chloride, ammonia sulfate, etc for small amount of clay in the cracks to swell; or organic solution of chromium humate 9233, etc for preventing chemical reaction to destruct the paleontological fossil. The process of the present invention can easily peel wall rock from fossil perfectly without harm to fossil body.
Description
Technical field:
Patent of the present invention relates to the fossil treatment process in a kind of extinct plants and animal research, mainly is to remove unwanted country rock part in the fossil research with chemical process, is beneficial to better observe and study fossils.
Technical background
Paleontologic research object is the entity or the traces in the stone of being imbedded in of earth history various biologies in period, and therefore natural paleontological fossil often is closely to link together with common rocks around it, and is covered by the rock parcel.The rock of these parcel fossils is commonly called " country rock ".Before the extinct plants and animal research work is carried out, generally these country rocks need be peeled off.Fossil repairing way common in the prior art is to use hard instruments such as pocket knife, cut or choose the stone rock on every side that becomes civilized gently, the major portion of fossil is exposed, also useful pocket knife or the pointed hard device that has vibration carefully chosen the stone country rock on every side that becomes civilized, thereby the details of fossil is exposed, so that fossil is studied.This method is very easy to destroy fossil, is very easy to make the softer part of fossil to be damaged when hard device is run into fossil especially, and influence is to the reliability and the integrity of the research and the observation of fossil.
Summary of the invention
Hurt the problem of fossil easily at the cutting of common physical method or the method for choosing the rock around the stone that becomes civilized, the present invention proposes the method for utilizing the chemically expansible agent to peel off process of paleontological fossil wallrock, promptly make the chemically expansible agent penetrate into the slit of fossil and country rock earlier, utilize the bulging force in its later stage to make original unwanted country rock peel off, divide, so that finally remove unwanted country rock with fossil.This method not only can not produce harm to the fossil body, just can be with intact the separating with country rock of fossil.
The technical scheme of finishing the foregoing invention task is: the chemical peeling of process of paleontological fossil wallrock may further comprise the steps:
Determine the kind of chemically expansible agent according to rock property;
The slit that the chemically expansible agent is added drop-wise between fossil and the country rock is located;
In air, place for some time;
Peel manually is from the country rock of spreading.
Its principle is: the chemically expansible agent is a kind of infiltrative liquid that has, or can become other materials within a certain period of time with infiltrative liquid, can be penetrated in the early stage in the fine cracks of fossil and country rock and go, because capillary principle, various liquid infiltrate rock crevice and are easier to, and are difficult to and flow out the slit.Subsequently, because inner chemical physics changes, perhaps with air in the reaction of relevant composition, perhaps partly react with fossil country rock or non-fossil such as original weighting material on every side, making is the fixed relatively and expansion of swelling agent of liquid originally, so that the expansion of the crack between fossil and country rock.If this expansion degree is less, just can make original less and should not become big with the physical method for separation gap, to assist to use conventional process.If the gap is enough big and country rock is separated fully with fossil, then can make fossil and country rock amitosis.This swelling agent finish expand and make country rock and fossil separates after, can water or other reagent it is cleared up fully so that fossil does not influence its long-term complete preservation because of the influence of swelling agent.
Above-described chemically expansible agent generally is with the chemical acid alkali similar performance of country rock, or chemical reagent of chemical reaction can not take place with fossil itself substantially for other: for example, adopt basic solution during the country rock meta-alkalescence; When a small amount of clay was arranged in the slit between country rock and the fossil, employing can make the ammonium salt solution of clay swelling; Need prevent chemical reaction especially and when destroying the minute structure of paleontological fossil, adopt (promptly can expand reaction) organic solution with the fixed ability of slow foaming.
Described basic solution has: sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, the sodium hydroxide solution of higher concentration is adopted in special recommendation.When adopting basic solution, this solution infiltrates after the slit between paleontological fossil and the country rock, can react with airborne acidic substance (for example carbonic acid gas etc.), and the volume of reaction product (as yellow soda ash) is greater than original solution, and be consolidated into Powderedly substantially, and produce to expand.
Described ammonium salt solution is selected from: ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate.
Described organic solution with the fixed ability of slow foaming is selected from:
1, chromic humic acid 9233 is closed by high-purity humic acid and the complexing of high valence chrome hydrochlorate and huge legendary turtle and to form, and can expand in the gap;
2, isocyanic ester and combined polyether splash into and generate polyurethane foam expand (ratio and operation can with reference to the using method of isocyanic ester and combined polyether in the disclosed prior art in " lagging material " field) behind the sample slit.
The consumption of chemically expansible agent in the above scheme, be ooze no longer down with the solution that drips to slit place till; The sample big for some volume or shape is complicated can every space-number minute repeatedly drips the method for swelling agent.
Describedly in air, place for some time, be generally a few hours to a couple of days.The length of time is not that influence is expanded and the principal element of peeling off.
The concentration of described various solution acts on more obvious when big, so alkali lye can adopt 70%～90% solution; Ammonium salt solution can adopt solution more than 75% or saturated; Organic solution can adopt its saturated solution.
The present invention utilizes the late expansion power of chemical solution to make original unwanted country rock peel off, divide with fossil, so that finally remove unwanted country rock.This method not only can not produce harm to the fossil body, just can be with intact the separating of fossil with country rock, even swelling agent does not separate country rock fully, because the effect of swelling agent strengthens the crack of country rock and fossil body, country rock is easier to be peeled off with fossil thereby make.In addition, swelling agent and reaction product are cleaned or remove the character that can not influence fossil composition or structure easily.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, collection of fossils for most of lithology, because its country rock is mainly the carbonatite of marine facies, adopting concentration when handling is that sodium hydroxide solution more than 75% is as swelling agent, the solution that perhaps utilizes the aerial deliquescence of solid particulate of sodium hydroxide to be generated, and this solution has hydrophilic perviousness, seemingly can be penetrated in the tiny crack with water in other words, simultaneously, this solution can generate fixed substantially pulverous yellow soda ash with the carbon dioxide in air reaction, original will the expanding of volume ratio simultaneously.The pressed powder that this solution and it are generated can not react with general fossil, the particularly marine facies fossil based on carbonate, and is dissolved in easily in the water and is eliminated easily.Using method is: the slit that chemically expansible agent sodium hydroxide solution drips between fossil and the country rock is located; Place for some time in air after, peel manually is from the country rock of spreading.
Embodiment 2, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but swelling agent adopts 75%～90% ammonium chloride solution, ammonium chloride solution and be filled in fossil and country rock between clay mineral react, clay mineral is expanded.
Embodiment 3, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but swelling agent adopts saturated chromic humic acid 9233 solution.
Embodiment 4, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but swelling agent adopts 75%～90% potassium hydroxide solution.
Embodiment 5, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but swelling agent adopts 75%～90% ammoniumsulphate soln.
Embodiment 6, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but swelling agent adopts saturated ammonium chloride solution.
Embodiment 7, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but swelling agent adopts isocyanic ester and combined polyether, splashes into generation polyurethane foam expansion behind the sample slit.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of chemical peeling of process of paleontological fossil wallrock may further comprise the steps:
Determine the kind of chemically expansible agent according to rock property;
The slit that the chemically expansible agent drips between fossil and the country rock is located;
In air, place for some time;
Be that a few hours are to a couple of days described storage period;
Then, peel manually is from the country rock of spreading.
According to the chemical peeling of the described process of paleontological fossil wallrock of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, described chemically expansible agent is:
Adopt basic solution during the country rock meta-alkalescence;
When a small amount of clay was arranged in the slit between country rock and the fossil, employing can make the ammonium salt solution of clay swelling;
Need prevent chemical reaction and when destroying the minute structure of paleontological fossil, adopt organic solution with the fixed ability of slow foaming.
3, according to the chemical peeling of the described process of paleontological fossil wallrock of claim 2, it is characterized in that,
Described basic solution is selected from: sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution;
Described ammonium salt solution is selected from: ammonium chloride solution or ammoniumsulphate soln;
Described organic solution with the fixed ability of slow foaming is selected from: chromic humic acid 9233 solution or isocyanic ester and combined polyether.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100384365A CN100389095C (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wallrock |
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| CNB2006100384365A CN100389095C (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wallrock |
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| CN1810725A true CN1810725A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
| CN100389095C CN100389095C (en) | 2008-05-21 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102531672A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 | Chemical processing method for observing ancient fossil microstructure |
| CN113738378A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-03 | 西南交通大学 | Chemical rock breaking medium and chemical auxiliary rock breaking method |
-
2006
- 2006-02-22 CN CNB2006100384365A patent/CN100389095C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102531672A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 | Chemical processing method for observing ancient fossil microstructure |
| CN113738378A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-03 | 西南交通大学 | Chemical rock breaking medium and chemical auxiliary rock breaking method |
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| CN100389095C (en) | 2008-05-21 |
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Granted publication date: 20080521 |