CN113738378A - Chemical rock breaking medium and chemical auxiliary rock breaking method - Google Patents
Chemical rock breaking medium and chemical auxiliary rock breaking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113738378A CN113738378A CN202111041471.3A CN202111041471A CN113738378A CN 113738378 A CN113738378 A CN 113738378A CN 202111041471 A CN202111041471 A CN 202111041471A CN 113738378 A CN113738378 A CN 113738378A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
- E21D9/002—Injection methods characterised by the chemical composition used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/685—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds containing cross-linking agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/72—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
- C09K8/74—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids combined with additives added for specific purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical rock breaking medium and a chemical auxiliary rock breaking method, and relates to the field of rock breaking. The chemical rock breaking medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.625-2.5 wt%, phytic acid 0.0025-0.01 wt%, KOH 0.25-1 wt%, and water for the rest; wherein the purity of the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid sodium salt is not less than 99.5%; the purity of the phytic acid is 70 percent; the purity of the potassium hydroxide is not less than 85 percent. The chemical auxiliary rock breaking method provided by the invention weakens the mechanical property of the rock through a safe, environment-friendly and efficient chemical rock breaking medium, further improves the rock breaking efficiency of the cutter, reduces the problems of abrasion and fracture of the tunneling cutter in the rock breaking process, and has a great application prospect in the rock breaking field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock breaking, in particular to a chemical rock breaking medium and a chemical auxiliary rock breaking method.
Background
China has numerous underground projects and complicated geological structures, and is one of the countries with the largest quantity of development machines in the world. However, hard rock is difficult to break, the tunneling efficiency is low, the bottleneck problem which restricts the development of tunneling equipment in China still exists, and key technologies such as improving the tunneling efficiency of the equipment and attacking deep complex rock mass to break rock efficiently are urgently needed.
In the rock breaking operations of tunneling, petroleum drilling and the like, the movement of rolling, cutting and the like on the surface of the rock is usually carried out through a cutter, so that the rock is cracked, the cracks are expanded and communicated with each other, and large flaky rock debris is formed to be peeled. The rock types are various, most of the rocks have high hardness and extremely strong abrasiveness, the cutter is difficult to invade the rock, ineffective friction is carried out on the cutter at a rock-cutter interface, the cutter is seriously abraded, the rock breaking efficiency is low, and the construction time and the construction cost are greatly increased.
Aiming at the problems of serious abrasion of a rock breaking cutter and low tunneling efficiency caused by high rock hardness and strong abrasiveness, the existing research mainly improves from two aspects of cutter performance improvement and additional auxiliary field rock breaking.
The tool performance is improved by mainly improving the wear resistance and the rock breaking efficiency of the rock breaking tool through the edge shape design and material modification of the tool. However, the inherent physicochemical properties of the rock, such as heterogeneity, high abrasiveness and high hardness, make it difficult to greatly improve the rock breaking performance of the tool through blade design and material modification.
Structural defects on the surface of the rock are induced or increased through an auxiliary means, the mechanical property of the rock can be effectively weakened, the abrasiveness of the rock is reduced, the abrasion of a cutter is reduced, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved. The existing research mainly weakens the mechanical property of the rock by physical means such as water jet, laser, microwave and the like. The auxiliary methods are technically feasible, however, the main problems of using the methods on site are that the energy consumption can be more than 10 times, and the physical auxiliary rock breaking technology generates an external stress field or a thermal field on the rock surface through an additional device, so that the existing equipment has the problem of robustness; meanwhile, the research on the chemical means for assisting the rock breaking is only reported, and only few cases are that strong acid and strong base are adopted to corrode the rock, so that the rock surface is defected, and the purpose of weakening the mechanical property of the rock is achieved, but the strong acid and the strong base can corrode a rock breaking cutter and pollute the environment, and the research is greatly limited in actual construction.
Chinese patent documents are disclosed as follows: "a method of chemically softening rock to pass a fully mechanized mining face through a caving column" (CN 102720497B).
Drilling holes in the trapped column rock, injecting HC1 and CaCl2The soaking time of the standard test piece of the falling pillar rock in the chemical solution is 10-20 days. Utilize chemical solution to the dissolution of collapse post rock mineral composition, the erosion effect, change the inner structure of collapse post rock, reduce the action force between collapse post rock granule, reduce the inside cohesive force of collapse post rock to the mechanical strength of weakening collapse post rock makes the collapse post rock soft. The chemical solution for softening the rock in the method is strongly acidic, has strong corrosion to rock breaking cutters and equipment and has the problem of environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chemical rock breaking medium which has no corrosion to a rock breaking cutter and can quickly weaken the mechanical property of rock.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a chemical rock breaking medium for weakening the mechanical property of rock comprises the following components in percentage by weight: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.625-2.5 wt%, phytic acid 0.0025-0.01 wt%, KOH 0.25-1 wt%, and water for the rest. Wherein, the purity of the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is not less than 99.5 percent; the purity of the phytic acid is 70 percent; the purity of the potassium hydroxide is not less than 85 percent. A chemical rock breaking medium for weakening the mechanical property of rock is prepared from disodium EDTA 1.8%, phytic acid 0.007%, KOH 0.27% and water.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a chemically assisted rock breaking method using a chemical rock breaking medium of the type described above.
Yet another object of the present invention is achieved by: a chemical auxiliary rock breaking method based on a chemical rock breaking medium comprises the following steps:
a. preparing an environment-friendly chemical medium with high-efficiency weakening effect on the mechanical property of the rock;
b. chemical agents are sprayed during tunneling construction, so that the mechanical property of the rock is deteriorated or cracks are more easily generated;
c. and (3) crushing the rock by utilizing the mechanical-chemical coupling action of the rock breaking cutter and the chemical rock breaking medium.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
1. the chemical rock breaking medium has extremely low KOH content, and the pH value of the whole solution is neutral under the neutralization action of the phytic acid, so that the chemical rock breaking medium has no corrosivity on rock breaking cutters and equipment, is environment-friendly and efficient, and has no pollution to the environment.
2. The rock breaking efficiency is obviously improved, the chemical reagent cost is low, and the method is economically feasible.
Take natural marble as an example. The original hardness of the marble is about 146.83 HV500gAfter the marble was immersed in the medium for 10 s, the hardness of the marble was measured to be 139.67 HV500gThe reduction is 4.8 percent, and the hardness after treatment for 30 s is 129.71HV500gThe hardness is reduced by 11.7 percent and is reduced to 125.4 HV after 1 min of treatment500gAnd the reduction is 14.6 percent.
3. The chemically assisted rock breaking method of the invention promotes the surface of the rock to generate a large number of microcracks and defects by chemical actions of complexing/acidolysis and the like of a chemical rock breaking medium on the rock, thereby deteriorating the mechanical property of the rock; further expanding microcracks and defects on the surface of the rock through the mechanical action of the cutter on the rock; meanwhile, the defect initiated and expanded by the mechanical action provides a permeation channel for a chemical reagent, and further induces the generation and development of the internal defect and the microcrack of the rock, so that the mechanical removal is easier.
The invention designs and prepares a neutral chemical medium which can effectively weaken the mechanical property of rock and is suitable for rock breaking working conditions aiming at the problems of serious abrasion of a rock breaking cutter and low tunneling efficiency caused by high rock hardness and strong abrasiveness, and provides a corresponding chemical auxiliary rock breaking method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the surface morphology of the marble before the chemical medium treatment (the marble surface structure is compact and has no obvious defects).
Figure 2 is the marble surface after 1 min treatment with the chemical media (example 1).
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change of surface hardness of marble over time before and after the treatment with the medium (example 1).
Detailed Description
From the angle of weakening of mechanical properties of rocks, safe, environment-friendly and efficient chemical reagents are used for corroding rock mineral particles, destroying mineral structures, reducing hardness and abrasiveness of the rocks, and then the rocks are broken through mechanical action, so that the rocks are expected to be removed efficiently, the tunneling efficiency is improved, the abrasion of cutters is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced. Therefore, this patent design has proposed a chemical rock breaking medium that can high-efficient weakening rock mechanical properties. The medium is compounded by three reagents, the mechanical property of the rock is weakened in a short time mainly through complexation, strong acid and strong base are not involved, and the medium has no obvious corrosivity on rock breaking cutter materials. On the basis, the patent provides a chemical auxiliary rock breaking method.
It should be understood that the embodiments of the chemically assisted rock breaking method of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to be limiting; in addition, the data range mentioned in the neutral chemical rock breaking medium capable of effectively weakening the mechanical property of the rock is used for helping the reader to understand the principle of the invention, and the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the specific statement and the embodiment. Those skilled in the art can make various other solutions with various specific parameters without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are still within the scope of the invention, based on the teachings of the present disclosure. The three solutions are mixed according to any different proportions (the ranges of the mass fractions of the three solutions are given herein for the convenience of the reader, and the invention is not limited to these ranges, and any media prepared by mixing the three solutions according to any mass fraction is within the scope of the invention).
The invention aims to weaken the mechanical property of rock through a safe, environment-friendly and efficient chemical medium, further improve the rock breaking efficiency of the cutter and reduce the problems of abrasion and fracture of the tunneling cutter in the rock breaking process.
The invention realizes the aim of the invention, and adopts the technical scheme that a chemical rock breaking medium and a chemical auxiliary rock breaking method comprise the following steps:
a. preparing a neutral environment-friendly chemical rock breaking medium capable of efficiently weakening the mechanical property of the rock;
b. chemical media are sprayed during tunneling construction, so that the mechanical property of the rock is deteriorated, and cracks are more easily generated;
c. and (3) crushing the rock by utilizing the mechanical-chemical coupling action of the rock breaking cutter and the rock breaking medium.
The invention provides a chemical rock breaking medium for weakening the mechanical property of rock, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.0625-2.5%, phytic acid 0.0025-0.01%, KOH 5-2%, and the rest is water. (wherein, the purity of the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is equal to or more than 99.5 percent, the purity of the phytic acid solution is 70 percent, and the purity of the potassium hydroxide is equal to or more than 85 percent)
Example 1
The chemical rock breaking medium for weakening the mechanical property of the rock comprises the following components: 1.8 percent of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.007 percent of phytic acid, 0.27 percent of KOH and the balance of water; the purity of the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is not less than 99.5 percent; the purity of the phytic acid is 70 percent; the purity of the potassium hydroxide is not less than 85 percent.
Calcium carbonate is contained in most rocks in the nature, and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is a complexing agent and can complex metal ions in calcium carbonate minerals to dissolve mineral particles on the surfaces of the rocks, so that defects are generated on the surfaces of the rocks, and the mechanical properties of the rocks are weakened.
FIG. 1 shows the surface appearance of marble before the chemical medium treatment, and the marble has a compact surface structure and no obvious defects.
Fig. 2 shows the surface of the marble after 1 min of treatment with the chemical medium. After the marble is immersed in the medium and treated for 1 min, the surface corrosion phenomenon of the marble is serious, a large number of microcracks appear in the original compact structure, the fluctuation is more obvious, minerals are corroded and lost under the action of the medium, the originally isolated cracks are communicated with each other due to the loss of mineral particles, large holes are generated, cementing substances between bedding are basically lost, and the connection between the mineral particles is very loose.
Figure 3 is a plot of marble surface hardness versus time before and after treatment with the media. The original marble hardness is measured to be about 146.83 HV500gAfter the marble was immersed in the medium for 10 s, the hardness of the marble was measured to be 139.67 HV500gThe reduction is 4.8%; hardness 129.71HV after 30 s treatment500gThe reduction is 11.7%; the hardness is reduced to 125.4 HV after 1 min treatment500gAnd the reduction is 14.6 percent.
Claims (3)
1. A chemical rock breaking medium for weakening the mechanical property of rock is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.625-2.5 wt%, phytic acid 0.0025-0.01 wt%, KOH 0.25-1 wt%, and water for the rest; wherein, the purity of the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is not less than 99.5 percent; the purity of the phytic acid is 70 percent; the purity of the potassium hydroxide is not less than 85 percent.
2. A chemical rock-breaking medium for weakening the mechanical properties of rock according to claim 1, characterized in that said disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1.8%, phytic acid is 0.007%, KOH is 0.27%, and the rest is water.
3. A chemically assisted rock breaking method using the chemical rock breaking medium of claim 1 or 2, characterized by the steps of:
a. preparing an environment-friendly chemical reagent with high-efficiency weakening effect on the mechanical property of the rock;
b. chemical agents are sprayed during tunneling construction, so that the mechanical property of the rock is deteriorated or cracks are more easily generated;
c. and (3) crushing the rock by utilizing the mechanical-chemical coupling action of the rock breaking cutter and the rock breaking medium.
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| CN202111041471.3A CN113738378B (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Chemical rock breaking medium and chemical auxiliary rock breaking method |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603783A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2005-04-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Triaxial compression mesomechanics test unit for overall process of rock burst in chemical corrosion |
| CN1810725A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2006-08-02 | 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 | Chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wallrock |
| CN102504773A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 西南石油大学 | Saturated salt water drilling fluid for deep wells and extra-deep wells |
| CN102720497A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 太原理工大学 | Method for chemically softening rock to allow fully mechanized coal face to pass collapsed column |
| CN103048261A (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Device and method for researching rock physical property parameter change under action of acid fluid |
| CN104884392A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-09-02 | 佐治亚-太平洋化工品有限公司 | Processes for the separation of ores |
| CN107387082A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method for weakening coal seam tight roof |
| CN110685688A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal mine surrounding rock control method based on chemical modification |
-
2021
- 2021-09-07 CN CN202111041471.3A patent/CN113738378B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603783A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2005-04-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Triaxial compression mesomechanics test unit for overall process of rock burst in chemical corrosion |
| CN1810725A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2006-08-02 | 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 | Chemical peeling process of paleontological fossil wallrock |
| CN102504773A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 西南石油大学 | Saturated salt water drilling fluid for deep wells and extra-deep wells |
| CN102720497A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 太原理工大学 | Method for chemically softening rock to allow fully mechanized coal face to pass collapsed column |
| CN104884392A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-09-02 | 佐治亚-太平洋化工品有限公司 | Processes for the separation of ores |
| CN103048261A (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Device and method for researching rock physical property parameter change under action of acid fluid |
| CN107387082A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method for weakening coal seam tight roof |
| CN110685688A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal mine surrounding rock control method based on chemical modification |
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