CN1807890A - Oscillation-type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

A tightly closed casing (1) has an inside space (1a) for storing coolant gas. A block (6) is accommodated in this casing. A motor (3) includes a stator (3a) and a mover (3b). A piston (5) is connected to the mover (3b) of the motor. A movable element (12) includes the mover (3b) of the motor and the piston (5). A stationary element (13) includes the stator (3a) of the motor and the block (6). An elastic element (8) has a portion (8b) fixed to the movable element (12) and another portion (8c) fixed to the stationary element (13). A cylinder (4) is shiftable in an axial direction with respect the block (6). A shifting device (16) shifts the cylinder (4) in the axial direction.

Description

Oscillation-type compressor

The application be application number be 03143410.X, the applying date are on October 15th, 1998, be entitled as the dividing an application of application of " oscillation-type compressor ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oscillation-type compressor that preferably is used in refrigerator and the air conditioner.

Background technique

In disclosed Japan Patent No.Kokai 51-57009, Kokai 8-247025, Kokai 9-324764 and Kokai 4-347460, various traditional oscillation-type compressors have been disclosed.

These oscillation-type compressors all contain the fixed block that a movable piece and that comprises a plunger comprises a cylinder basically, so that gas can be introduced in the pressing chamber that forms by described plunger and described cylinder, and be compressed along these reciprocating plungers.

Summary of the invention

A purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it can be in a certain plunger stroke reduces to minimum with the tip-clearance of plunger, and can keep compressor effectively to work.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cooling unit of practicality, such as a refrigerator, it can automatically increase the stroke of plunger according to higher ambient air temperature, even so that when load condition is higher, also can obtain cooling capacity effectively, and can also automatically reduce the stroke of plunger according to lower ambient air temperature, thereby can compressor effectively be worked according to the driving situation of cooling unit, and without any need for additional detection and control gear.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor,, thereby compressor is effectively worked even it also can suppress the tip-clearance of plunger at plunger in the start-up course of short stroke work.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oscillation-type compressor that can in common working procedure, stablize cylinder location.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, it can make plunger position be the best with respect to cylinder location, and no matter the working pressure situation changes to some extent, thereby the tip-clearance can be reduced to minimum, and compressor is effectively worked.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, it can prevent plunger when plunger stroke increases and outlet valve bump against, thereby can eliminate any damage and noise.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, also can an axially movable outlet pipe or suction tude when vibrating largely even it has axial generation, thus the big amplitude stress that acts on repeatedly on outlet pipe or the suction tude can be reduced.

In order to realize above-mentioned relevant purpose with other, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: the seal casinghousing with inner space that is used for storing coolant gas; One is contained in the cylinder body in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One is connected in the plunger of the described oscillator of described motor; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the movable piece of described plunger; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the fixed block of described cylinder body; Some is fixed in described movable piece and another part is fixed in the elastic component of described fixed block; One can be with respect to described cylinder body cylinder in axial sliding; An and shifter that is used for making described cylinder to move vertically.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: the seal casinghousing with inner space that is used for storing coolant gas; One is contained in the cylinder body in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One is connected in the plunger of the described oscillator of described motor; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the movable piece of described plunger; One comprises the described stator of described motor and the fixed block of described cylinder body; Some is fixed in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; One can be with respect to the cylinder of described cylinder body slip; One is fixed in the cylinder head of described cylinder; Be formed in the described coolant gas space and comprise one of them the airtight back pressure cavity that separates of integrated device of described cylinder and described cylinder head at least by one; And at least one back pressure cavity in the described back pressure cavity remains on a low voltage value, and another back pressure cavity in the described back pressure cavity remains on a high-voltage value.

Preferably, this oscillation-type compressor also comprises an elastic component, the one end be connected in described comprise at least in described cylinder and the described cylinder head one of them integrated device, and the other end is connected in described fixed block, and comprises that one is fixed in one of them cylinder location detecting sensor of described fixed block and described cylinder.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one has a seal casinghousing that is used for storing the inner space of coolant gas; One is contained in the cylinder body in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One is connected in the plunger of the described oscillator of described motor; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the movable piece of described plunger; Comprise the described oscillator of described motor and the fixed block of described cylinder body; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in the elastic component of described fixed block; One is fixed in described cylinder body or can be with respect to described cylinder body cylinder in axial sliding; One is fixed in the cylinder head of described cylinder; One auxiliary tube, the one end can slide vertically with respect in an outlet pipe and the suction tude one of them, and the other end is fixed in described cylinder and the described cylinder head one of them.

And, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, when also therefore needing higher cooling capacity when ambient air temperature is higher, it can make cylinder move towards the direction at dead point, top.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, even when air displacement increases according to the stroke of plunger, it also can reduce the vibration of compressor, thereby can suppress noise and vibration.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, it can prevent that compressor from leaking the phenomenon that luminous efficiency reduces because of freezing mixture.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, it can prevent that cylinder from moving towards dead point, top direction is excessive, prevents from the reliability of elastic component or other analog is produced any problem simultaneously.

In order to realize above-mentioned relevant purpose with other, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one is contained in cylinder body and the plunger in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One comprises the movable piece of described oscillator and described plunger; One comprises the fixed block of described cylinder body and described stator, and the one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; Thereby one holds the cylinder that described plunger can make described plunger slide vertically, and described cylinder is plugged in the described cylinder body, so that can be reciprocating vertically, an enclosed space be formed between described cylinder body and the described cylinder; One comprises an exhaust chamber and is connected in the cylinder head of described cylinder; An and communication passage that links to each other with described exhaust chamber with described enclosed space.

Preferably, above-mentioned enclosed space is connected in space outerpace by an outlet pipe.And a slidingsurface between described cylinder and described cylinder body is connected in the bottom of described enclosed space by a passage.One groove is arranged on the slidingsurface of one of described cylinder and described cylinder body.

And, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oscillation-type compressor, it can increase the tip-clearance of plunger according to the reduction of ambient air temperature or the reduction of load, and can not influence effective work of compressor.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, when the dead center position, top of plunger when the direction of cylinder head shifts, it can make the stator of motor move towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber, thereby can prevent that plunger and outlet valve from bumping against.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, when compressor shutdown, it can make motor stator move towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber.

In order to realize above-mentioned relevant purpose with other, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: the seal casinghousing with inner space that is used for storing coolant gas; One is contained in the cylinder in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One is connected in the plunger of the described oscillator of described motor; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the movable piece of described plunger; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the fixed block of described cylinder; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; The plunger position detecting sensor that the position of described plunger is detected; Calculate dead center position, the top computing device of the dead center position, top of described plunger according to a plunger position signal that obtains from described plunger position detecting sensor; Control the amplitude control unit of the amplitude of described oscillator according to the difference between a dead center position, described top and dead point, the top reference value of selecting; And dead point, the top reference value modifier that changes dead point, described top reference value.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: the seal casinghousing with inner space that is used for storing coolant gas; Be contained in a cylinder and a cylinder body in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One is connected in the plunger of the described oscillator of described motor; One comprises the described oscillator of described motor and the movable piece of described plunger; One comprises the described stator of described motor, the fixed block of described cylinder and described cylinder body; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; The described stator or one of the described motor that partly is connected with described fixed block is connected in the movable stator base of described stator, so that can come to-and-fro motion vertically according to the pressure imbalance between the back pressure cavity that is formed on therebetween; An and pressure control mechanism that is used for controlling the pressure of described back pressure cavity.

Preferably, a shifter is set, is used for when compressor shutdown, the stator of described motor is moved along the direction opposite with respect to described compression chamber.

And another object of the present invention is to reduce the weight of the sensor fuse that links to each other with movable piece, obtaining the displacement detector of a compact structure, thereby obtain a higher resonant frequency, and make the cooling of compressor bigger.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of displacement detector, thereby improve near the measuring accuracy of the plunger position the dead point, top with a limited detection range.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the weight of movable piece, thereby suppress vibration.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent leak out the phenomenon that the pressing chamber cooling capacity descends because of coolant gas.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the slippage loss between cylinder and the plunger, thereby improve the efficient of compressor.

Relevant with other to achieve these goals purpose, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: a cylinder body and a plunger; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One comprises the movable piece of described oscillator and described plunger; One comprises the fixed block of described cylinder body and described stator; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; One holds described plunger so that can make the reciprocating vertically cylinder of described plunger; One is connected in described plunger vertically is used for displacement detector that near the position the dead point, top of described plunger is detected; Obtain dead center position, the top detection device of the dead center position, described top of described plunger according to a signal that obtains from described displacement detector; Be used for detecting the current/voltage detection device of the curtage value of described motor; And change the power supply unit that puts on described motor voltage according to the output signal of described top dead center position detection device and described electric current/power detector.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: a cylinder body and a plunger; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One comprises the movable piece of described oscillator and described plunger; One comprises the fixed block of described cylinder body and described stator; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in the elastic component of described fixed block; One holds described plunger so that can make the reciprocating vertically cylinder of described plunger; At the inside displacement detector that links to each other with described fixed block of part and described movable piece radially with respect to the described stator of described motor.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: a cylinder body and a plunger; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One comprises the movable piece of described oscillator and described plunger; One comprises the fixed block of described cylinder body and described stator; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in the elastic component of described fixed block; One is used for limiting described elastic component makes the sense of rotation limting mechanism of folk prescription to rotation around a plunger axis; One is used for holding described plunger so that can make the reciprocating vertically cylinder of described plunger; And one the dynamic pressure on one of them at least that is arranged in described plunger and the described cylinder produce mechanism.

And, another object of the present invention is to provide such oscillation-type compressor, even when plunger is positioned near dead point, top or the dead center position, bottom, when reducing elastic component radial support lived movable piece fully because of rigidity thus, the sliding parts between plunger and cylinder, it can also be at certain part place radial support movable piece effectively.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, because can not be after compressor start or when ambient air temperature is low at once by fully supercharging, and making the movable piece comprise plunger when the pressing chamber direction moves, it can prevent plunger and cylinder head or outlet valve collision.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oscillation-type compressor, it can prevent that movable piece is according to the extreme change of working condition and towards moving away from the direction of pressing chamber is excessive.

In order to realize above-mentioned relevant purpose with other, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: a seal casinghousing; One is contained in plunger and the cylinder in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One comprises the fixed block of the stator of described cylinder and described motor; One comprises the movable piece of the oscillator of described plunger and described motor; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; One is used for radially supporting the support mechanism of described movable piece when described plunger is positioned near dead center position, top or the dead center position, bottom.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: a seal casinghousing; Be contained in a plunger and a cylinder in the described seal casinghousing; One comprises the motor of stator and oscillator; One comprises the fixed block of the stator of described cylinder and described motor; One comprises the movable piece of the oscillator of described plunger and described motor; The one partial fixing is in described movable piece and another part is fixed in an elastic component of described fixed block; One links to each other with described movable piece is used for changing the position change mechanism of the axial position of described movable piece.

Preferably, this oscillation-type compressor comprises that also one is used for limiting the retainer of the axial internal clearance of the described movable piece that is changed by described position change mechanism.

From the specific descriptions of doing below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is more clear that above and other objects of the present invention, characteristics and advantage will become.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of fifth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of sixth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of seventh embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of eighth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of ninth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of ninth embodiment of the invention when in running order;

Figure 11 is the longitudinal section of the situation that is provided with of the oscillation-type compressor of tenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 12 is the plotted curve of each feature of the oscillation-type compressor of tenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 13 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of eleventh embodiment of the invention;

Figure 14 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of twelveth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 15 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of thriteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 16 is the circuit block diagram of the oscillation-type compressor of thriteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 17 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of fourteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 18 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of fifteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 19 is the planimetric map that is used in the elastic component in the oscillation-type compressor of fifteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 20 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of sixteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 21 is the view that is used in the elastic component in the oscillation-type compressor of sixteenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 22 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of seventeenth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 23 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of eighteenth embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, some preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described.In each accompanying drawing, every identical part all indicates with identical label.

First embodiment

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of first embodiment of the invention.

Described oscillation-type compressor comprises a seal casinghousing 1 and the main body 2 with inner space 1a who is used for storing coolant gas.One motor 3 comprises a stator 3a and an oscillator 3b.Oscillator 3b is fixed in a plunger 5.Main body 2 is made of a movable piece 12 and a fixed block 13 haply.Movable piece 12 comprises the oscillator 3b and the plunger 5 of motor 3.Fixed block 13 comprises the stator 3a and the cylinder body 6 of a cylinder 4, motor 3.Main body 2 is by a suspension spring (not shown) yielding support that is positioned at seal casinghousing 1.Lubricant oil 11 is stored in the bottom of seal casinghousing 1.

One elastic component 8 comprises a plurality of elastic component 8a, and they pile up vertically or be stacked and by all radially outer spacer element 8d and inside spacer element 8e in footpath and being spaced from each other that is plugged in wherein.The inner circumference edge 8b of each elastic component 8 is fixed in plunger 5.The outer periphery 8c of elastic component 8 is fixed in cylinder body 6.

Cylinder 4 and elastic component 8 support plunger 5 collaboratively, thereby it is also reciprocating that it can be slided vertically.Cylinder 4 and plunger 5 have formed a compression chamber 9 jointly.

Below, will the compressing mechanism of above-mentioned oscillation-type compressor be described.At first, the Ac to ac power supply carries out one way rectifier and is supplied to stator 3a.One magnetic field that is produced by stator 3a can attract be fixed in the oscillator 3b of plunger 5 according to the principle of variable reluctance.When oscillator 3b was mobile vertically, the elastic component 8 that is arranged between oscillator 3b and the cylinder body 6 can be according to the moving and resiliently deformable of plunger 5, and with the elastic force storage within it.Elastic force in being stored in elastic component 8 increases to enough when big, oscillator 3b just by pusher to initial position.Constantly repeat this cycle operation, plunger 5 is moved back and forth vertically.

The coolant gas of one cooling system (not shown) is introduced in the low pressure chamber 7a of cylinder head 7, made coolant gas enter the pressing chamber 9 of cylinder 4 by the suction valve (not shown) that is arranged in the cylinder head 7 then.The coolant gas that is introduced in the pressing chamber 9 is compressed by reciprocating plunger 5 in the above described manner.

Compressed coolant gas enters in the hyperbaric chamber 7b of cylinder head 7 by an outlet valve (not shown) subsequently, arranges then from cylinder head 7 and arrives described cooling system.

According to first embodiment, cylinder 4 is one with cylinder head 7, and when being driven by a shifter 16, can move vertically with respect to cylinder body 6.Shifter 16 comprises that one is arranged on the lip-deep tooth bar 16a of extending axially of cylinder 4.The one small gear 16b that is rotatably supported in the fixed block 13 such as cylinder body 6 is meshed with tooth bar 16a, thereby forms a rack-and-pinion mechanism.Therefore, first embodiment provides and has been used for making plunger 5 with respect to the flexible vertically shifter 16 that moves of cylinder body 6.

Below, will the working principle of first embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

In the compression work process of described compressor, put on the voltage of motor 3 by reduction, can reduce cooling capacity, thereby reduce the stroke of plunger 5.

In this case, the tip-clearance of plunger 5 can increase with the ratio that is reduced to of plunger stroke.But, according to first embodiment, move and cylinder 4 to be moved towards the direction of pressing chamber 9 with device 16, so that reduce the volume of pressing chamber 9, balance out the tip-clearance of increase thus, and described tip-clearance is remained on a constant.Like this, just reduce the loss that reexpands, and can suitably keep efficient.

And, when cooling capacity that needs one increase, a voltage that increases is put on motor 3, to increase the stroke of plunger 5.In this case, because the increase of the stroke of plunger 5, so the tip-clearance reduces.Plunger 5 may bump against with cylinder head 7.But according to first embodiment, shifter 16 can make cylinder 4 move towards the direction of leaving pressing chamber 9, so that increase the volume of pressing chamber 9, thereby balances out reducing of tip-clearance, and can prevent that plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 from bumping against.

As mentioned above, first embodiment provides a kind of oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one has the seal casinghousing 1 of the inner space 1a that is used for storing coolant gas; Be contained in the cylinder body 6 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; Be connected in the plunger 5 of the oscillator 3b of motor 3; Comprise the oscillator 3b of motor 3 and the movable piece 12 of plunger 5; Comprise the stator 3a of motor 3 and the fixed block 13 of cylinder body 6; A part is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part is fixed in the elastic component 8 of fixed block 13; Can be with respect to cylinder body 6 axially movable cylinders 4; And be used for making cylinder body 4 axially movable mobile with device 16.Adopt this set, just can the tip-clearance suitably be reduced to minimum value according to a certain plunger stroke.Described compressor always can be with preferable efficient work.

Second embodiment

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of second embodiment of the invention.

In Fig. 2, cylinder 4 is to be placed between two stop protrusion 17a and 17b on the internal surface that is arranged on cylinder body 6, so as to make cylinder 4 can be in a limited range by stop protrusion 17a and 17b restriction, move vertically with respect to cylinder body 6.Two back pressure chamber 18a and 18b are in communication with the outside by back pressure pipe 19a and 19b respectively, and described back pressure chamber is formed in the seal casinghousing 1, and the integrated device that is formed by cylinder 4 and cylinder head 7 is separated airtightly.One suction tude 20 directly extends to the outside of seal casinghousing 1 from cylinder head 7.

One pressure control mechanism 21 is arranged between back pressure pipe 19a, 19b and air inlet, the outlet pipe 20,10.More particularly, pressure control mechanism 21 comprises four pressure controlled valve 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d altogether.Connecting tube 21e and 21f extend to pressure controlled valve 21a and 21b from suction tude 20 respectively.Connecting tube 21g and 21h self-discharging pipe 10 respectively extend to pressure controlled valve 21c and 21d.One pressure tube 21i links to each other with 21c pressure controlled valve 21a with back pressure pipe 19a.One pressure tube 21j links to each other with 21d pressure controlled valve 21b with back pressure pipe 19b.

To the working principle of second embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described below.

Pressure control mechanism 21 is introduced low pressure gas and is introduced high pressure air from outlet pipe 10 from suction tude 20, and regulate the pressure of the gas of being introduced with pressure controlled valve 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d, so that the pressure that the gas of being regulated has is in the scope from the initial high pressure to the initial low pressure.Gas through overregulating is gone in back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b by feed.

When ambient air temperature is higher, just need to increase cooling capacity.In such a case, 21c closes with pressure controlled valve, opens pressure controlled valve 21a simultaneously.Like this, just back pressure chamber 18a is remained on a low voltage value.

Simultaneously, 21d opens with pressure controlled valve, closing pressure control valve 21b.Like this, the pressure of back pressure chamber 18b just increases to a high value.Because therefore the pressure imbalance between back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b, just moves axially towards the direction of stop protrusion 17a with cylinder head 7 all-in-one-piece cylinders 4.

In this case, the tip-clearance of plunger 5 can increase according to moving of cylinder 4.But,, can offset the increase of tip-clearance by a voltage that increases is put on motor 3 to increase the stroke of described plunger.Like this, second embodiment just might remain on a steady state value with described tip-clearance.

Therefore, can automatically increase the stroke of plunger according to a higher ambient air temperature, like this, even under a higher load condition, also can obtain enough cooling capacities.Therefore, can compressor effectively be worked, and not need to use other detection and control gear according to the driving situation of cooling unit.

Next, when ambient air temperature is low, just need to reduce cooling capacity.In such a case, 21a closes with pressure controlled valve, opens pressure controlled valve 21c simultaneously.Like this, the pressure of back pressure chamber 18a just increases to a high value.

Simultaneously, 21b opens with pressure controlled valve, closing pressure control valve 21d.Like this, the pressure of back pressure chamber 18b just is maintained at once the low voltage value that reduces.Because the backpressure imbalance between back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b, therefore, cylinder 4 just moves axially towards the direction of another stop protrusion 17b with the single unit system that cylinder head 7 is formed.

In this case, the tip-clearance of plunger 5 can reduce according to moving of cylinder 4.But,, can offset reducing of tip-clearance by a voltage that reduces is put on motor 3 to reduce the stroke of described plunger.Like this, second embodiment just might remain on a steady state value with described tip-clearance.

Therefore, can automatically reduce the stroke of plunger, like this, can compressor effectively be worked, and do not need to use other detection and control gear according to the driving situation of cooling unit according to a lower ambient air temperature.

As mentioned above, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one has the seal casinghousing 1 of the inner space 1a that is used for storing coolant gas; Be contained in the cylinder body 6 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; Be connected in the plunger 5 of the oscillator 3b of motor 3; Comprise the oscillator 3b of motor 3 and the movable piece 12 of plunger 5; Comprise the stator 3a of motor 3 and the fixed block 13 of cylinder body 6; Its a part of 8b is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part 8c is fixed in the elastic component 8 of fixed block 13; The cylinder 4 that can move with respect to cylinder body 6; Be fixed in the cylinder head 7 of cylinder 4; Be formed in the 1a of coolant gas space and by airtight back pressure chamber 18a that separates of a unitary device and 18b, described unitary device comprises at least one in cylinder 4 and the cylinder head 7, and at least one among back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b keeps a lower force value, and among back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b another keeps a higher force value.Adopt this set, can obtain the cooling unit of a practicality, such as a refrigerator, it can automatically increase the stroke of plunger according to a higher ambient air temperature, like this, even under a higher load condition, also can obtain enough cooling capacities, and can automatically reduce the stroke of plunger according to the reduction of ambient air temperature.Therefore, can compressor effectively be worked, and not need to use other detection and control gear according to the driving situation of cooling unit.

Though the second embodiment of the present invention has disclosed the pressure control mechanism 21 that can control the pressure in back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b.But, need not say, when promptly using any other comparable pressure control device to replace described pressure control mechanism 21, still can obtain identical effect.

The 3rd embodiment

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of third embodiment of the invention.

As shown in Figure 3, an elastic component 22 flexibly keep or support 7 that form by cylinder 4 and cylinder head, be positioned at the integrated device in the middle of two stop protrusion 17a and the 17b.

To the working principle of the 3rd embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described below.

When a bigger voltage was suddenly put on motor 3, plunger 5 may bump against with cylinder head 7.Therefore, in the starting process of compressor, increase the voltage that puts on motor 3 gradually, to avoid the collision of plunger 5 and cylinder head 7.In this case, in sufficiently long a period of time, reduce the tip-clearance of plunger gradually, till the pressure condition of described system arrives predetermined value.

But, a third embodiment in accordance with the invention, when compressor quit work, elastic component 22 was that very near position flexibly keeps or supports cylinder 4 from the dead point, top of plunger 5 one.Like this, in the compressor start process,, still described tip-clearance can be remained on a less value with elastic component 22 even when described compressor is driven with a less stroke.

Subsequently, increase compressed-air actuated pressure, thus corresponding increase plunger stroke.Gradually towards the direction promotion of stop protrusion 17a, cylinder 4 is then flexibly accepted or supported to elastic component 22 to cylinder 4, so that described tip-clearance is remained on a steady state value under the effect of compressive force.Like this, predetermined, optimum value that the pressure condition of described system just can reach soon, thus compressor is effectively worked.

When compressor was stably worked, cylinder 4 may be with plunger 5 vibrations.But elastic component 22 can play a damping device, to suppress the vibration of cylinder 4.Therefore, the 3rd embodiment can reduce the change because of the tip-clearance of the plunger that common vibration produced 5 between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4, thereby can prevent that cooling capacity from reducing.And the 3rd embodiment can also stablize the position of cylinder 4, and can suppress vibration and noise.

As mentioned above, a third embodiment in accordance with the invention, described oscillation-type compressor comprises: the integrated device that one end and cylinder 4 and cylinder head 7 are formed links to each other and elastic component 22 that the other end links to each other with fixed block 13.Adopt this set, even in plunger is compressor start process with short stroke work, still the tip-clearance of plunger 5 can be suppressed to a smaller value, thereby compressor is effectively worked.And, be to compare with cylinder location by the unbalance situation about controlling of gas pressure, can stablize cylinder location in the work usually.Therefore, can suppress vibration and noise effectively.

The 4th embodiment

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of fourth embodiment of the invention.

In Fig. 4, the sensor 23 that detects the position of plunger 5 is fixed in cylinder body 6.Another sensor 24 that detects the position of cylinder 4 is fixed in cylinder body 6.

One control gear 26 receives the signal that is produced by position- detection sensor 23,24, and pilot pressure control valve 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d.

To the working principle of the 4th embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described below.

When the stroke of plunger 5 increased to some extent according to the working pressure situation of the variation of described compressor, plunger 5 may bump against with cylinder head 7.In this case, control gear 26 can come feedback control pressure control mechanism 21 according to the signal of sending from position-detection sensor 23,24.More particularly, closing pressure control valve 21c opens pressure controlled valve 21a simultaneously.Like this, back pressure chamber 18a can be remained on a lower force value.

Simultaneously, open pressure controlled valve 21d, and closing pressure control valve 21b.Like this, back pressure chamber 18b is remained on a high-voltage value that increases to some extent.Because pressure imbalance between back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b, therefore, the integrated device that cylinder 4 and cylinder head 7 are formed can move axially towards the direction of stop protrusion 17a.

In this case, the tip-clearance of plunger 5 is to increase according to moving of cylinder 4, thereby can prevent that plunger 5 and outlet valve from bumping against, and can eliminate noise.

The stroke of plunger 5 can reduce according to the working pressure situation of compressor.In this case, the oscillation center of plunger 5 is to move towards the direction relative with pressing chamber 9.As a result, because the skew of oscillation center, so plunger 5 dead point that can not outreach.

Position- detection sensor 23,24 is monitored the position of plunger 5 and cylinder 4 respectively continuously.When the input according to position- detection sensor 23,24 increased to some extent to the tip-clearance, controller 26 closing pressure control valve 21a also opened pressure controlled valve 21c, back pressure chamber 18a is remained on a high-voltage value that increases to some extent.

Simultaneously, controller 26 is opened pressure controlled valve 21b, and closing pressure control valve 21d.Like this, back pressure chamber 18b just remains on a low voltage value that decreases.Because the pressure imbalance between back pressure chamber 18a and the 18b, therefore, the integrated device of cylinder 4 and cylinder head 7 just moves axially towards the direction of stop protrusion 17b.

In this case, the tip-clearance of plunger 5 is to reduce according to moving of cylinder 4.Like this, plunger position is best with respect to cylinder location all the time.In other words, described tip-clearance can be reduced to minimum, thereby can prevent from cooling capacity to be descended owing to the tip-clearance increases.Compressor can effectively be worked.

As mentioned above, a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, oscillation-type compressor of the present invention comprises: be fixed in one of them the cylinder location detecting sensor 24 in fixed block 13 and the cylinder 4.Adopt this set situation, can make the plunger position the best for cylinder location, and have nothing to do, thereby the tip-clearance can be reduced to minimum, and compressor is effectively worked in the working pressure situation of conversion to some extent.And, can prevent plunger and outlet valve collision when plunger stroke increases, thereby not have any damage, and can prevent noise.

According to above-mentioned the 4th embodiment, control mechanism 26 feedback control pressure control mechanisms 21 are so that stablize the tip-clearance according to the position signal of plunger 5 and cylinder 4.But, need not say, even, can obtain identical effect changing according to the position signal of plunger 5 and cylinder 4 that the voltage that puts on motor 3 carries out feedback control so that during the stroke of pilot plunger 5 yet.

The 5th embodiment

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of fifth embodiment of the invention.

In Fig. 5, one in axial sliding auxiliary exhaust pipe 25 link to each other with outlet pipe 10.

To the working principle of the 5th embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described below.

When plunger 5 in cylinder 4 during to-and-fro motion, described compressor is significantly vibration vertically.Caused vibration transfer is given compressor fixed block 13, and makes the outlet pipe 10 that cylinder head 7 is connected in seal casinghousing 1 outside significantly vibrate.

But according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, auxiliary exhaust pipe 25 links to each other with outlet pipe 10, and can slide vertically to absorb caused vibration.Like this, just not having any vibration is passed to outlet pipe 10 from plunger 5.

Therefore, owing to be passed to outlet pipe 10 from reciprocating plunger 5 without any vibration, thus can reduce the repeated stress that puts on the outlet pipe 10, thus can prevent to reduce because of the outlet pipe 10 impaired reliabilities that make.

As mentioned above, fifth embodiment of the invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one has the seal casinghousing 1 of the inner space 1a that is used for storing coolant gas; Be contained in the cylinder body 6 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; Be connected in the plunger 5 of the oscillator 3b of motor 3; Comprise the oscillator 3b of motor 3 and the movable piece 12 of plunger 5; Comprise the stator 3a of motor 3 and the fixed block 13 of cylinder body 6; Its a part of 8b is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part 8c is fixed in the elastic component 8 of fixed block 13; Be fixed in cylinder body 6 or with respect to cylinder body 6 axially movable cylinders 4; Be fixed in the cylinder head 7 of cylinder 4; The one end can move axially and the other end is fixed in one of them auxiliary tube 25 of cylinder 4 and cylinder head 7 with respect in outlet pipe 10 and the suction tude 20 one of them.Adopt this set, even when big vibration takes place vertically, outlet pipe or suction tude also can move axially, thereby can reduce to act on repeatedly the big amplitude stress on outlet pipe or the suction tude.Therefore, can prevent that outlet pipe or suction tude are impaired.When even cylinder moves, can prevent that also outlet pipe or suction tude are impaired.

Above-mentioned the 5th embodiment has disclosed axially movable auxiliary tube 25.But, need not say, even when a kind of identical situation that is provided with is applied to suction tude 20, can obtain identical effect yet.

The 6th embodiment

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of sixth embodiment of the invention.

In Fig. 6, described oscillation-type compressor comprises: one has a seal casinghousing 1 as the inner space of coolant gas space 1a; One main body 2; One comprises the motor 3 of stator 3a and 3b; One cylinder 122; One plunger 5; One york piece 106; One cylinder head 7; One suction chamber 7a; An one exhaust chamber 7b and an elastic component 108.One end of plunger 5 is plugged in the hole of cylinder 122, and the other end is maintained by york piece 106, so that can move back and forth vertically.Cylinder 122, plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 form a pressing chamber 9.One outlet pipe 10 is formed on exhaust chamber 7b in the cylinder head 7 in vain and extends to an outer cooling system (not shown).Main body 2 is made of a movable piece 112 and a fixed block 121 haply.Movable piece 112 comprises the oscillator 3b and the plunger 5 of motor 3.Fixed block 121 comprises the stator 3a and the york piece 106 of cylinder 122, motor 3.Main body 2 is flexibly supported by a suspension spring (not shown) that is positioned at seal casinghousing 1.One end of elastic component 108 is fixed in movable piece 112, and the other end is fixed in fixed block 121.Lubricant oil 11 is stored in the bottom of seal casinghousing 1.

Below, will the compressing mechanism of above-mentioned oscillation-type compressor be described.At first, the Ac of ac power supply is carried out one way rectifier, and be supplied to stator 3a.One magnetic field that is produced by stator 3a can attract the oscillator 3b that is fixed in plunger 5 according to the variable reluctance principle.When oscillator 3b was mobile vertically, the elastic component 108 that is arranged between oscillator 3b and the york piece 106 can be according to the moving and resiliently deformable of plunger 5, and with the elastic force storage within it.Elastic force in being stored in elastic component 108 increases to enough when big, oscillator 3b just by pusher to initial position.Constantly repeat this cycle operation, plunger 5 is moved back and forth vertically.In this to-and-fro motion, plunger 5 is called the dead point, top from cylinder head 7 nearest positions, and plunger 5 is called the dead point, bottom from cylinder head 7 position farthest.

At first, in the coolant gas space 1a in the coolant gas introducing seal casinghousing of described cooling system, and introduce subsequently in the suction chamber 7a that is formed in the cylinder head 7, then, make coolant gas enter the pressing chamber 9 of cylinder 4 by a suction valve (not shown) that is arranged in the cylinder head 7.The coolant gas that is introduced in the pressing chamber 9 is compressed by reciprocating plunger 5 in the above described manner.

Compressed coolant gas enters in the exhaust chamber 7b of cylinder head 7 by an outlet valve (not shown) that is arranged in the cylinder head 7, is discharged into described cooling system by outlet pipe 10 then.

The part of elastic component 108 is immersed in the lubricant oil 11.Elastic component 108 in response to reciprocating plunger 5 is stamped lubricant oil 11 come.Like this, just lubricant oil 11 is fed to each sliding parts of plunger 5 and york piece 106.

Except the driving force effect of the spring force that is subjected to elastic component 108 and motor 3, plunger 5 also is subjected to because the not unbalance active force that causes of pressure between the back side of pressing chamber 9 and plunger 5.The oscillation center of plunger 5 increases along with the pressure of pressing chamber and moves towards dead point, bottom direction.The amplitude of plunger increases.

In Fig. 6, cylinder body 120, stator 3a and york piece 106 common formation one fixed blocks 121.Cylinder 122 links to each other with cylinder body 120, and can slide along an inwall of cylinder body 120, so that can be reciprocating vertically.One enclosed space 123 is formed between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120.Plunger 5 links to each other with cylinder 122, and can slide along the hole walls that be formed in the cylinder body 122, so as can be reciprocating vertically, a communication passage 124 is formed in the cylinder 122, the one end links to each other with exhaust chamber 7b, the other end links to each other with enclosed space 123.One spring 125 is plugged between cylinder body 120 and the cylinder 122.

Below, will the working principle of the 6th embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

In the compression process of compressor, the pressure coolant gas that is compressed in the pressing chamber 9 is sent in the exhaust chamber 7b, and is discharged in the cooling system by outlet pipe 10 subsequently.Meanwhile, by communication passage 124 a part of pressure coolant gas is introduced in the enclosed space 123.Cylinder 122 is subjected to the active force that the imbalance of pressure between enclosed space 123 and the seal casinghousing 1 produces.Cylinder 122 stops towards dead point, top motion and at an equinoctial point place, and at this equinoctial point place, the active force that produces because of imbalance of pressure and the spring force of spring 125 balance each other.

When ambient temperature was higher, the pressure of enclosed space 123 increased to a high value.Therefore, cylinder 122 just moves towards dead point, top direction, rather than is positioned at common position.By regulating motor power (output), the volume at place, dead point, top with pressing chamber 9 remains on same value.The dead center position, top of plunger 5 is towards the direction motion of the central position of leaving elastic component 108.Therefore, the dead center position, bottom is towards opposite direction motion for the neutral position of elastic component 108.As a result, plunger stroke increases, and the discharge amount of coolant gas increases.Cooling capacity increases.

And, compare with such a case, that is, cylinder is to move according to the high pressure that acts on the whole back side of cylinder, the 6th embodiment can reduce and the contacted area of pressurized gas.So just can reduce thermal loss effectively.

And, be subjected under the situation of a high pressure effect on its whole back side at cylinder, the lubricant oil of low pressure can not be fed to a high pressure sliding parts from the bottom of seal casinghousing.But according to the 6th embodiment, high-pressure section only limits to a less space.Like this, with the motion that is immersed in the elastic component in the lubricant oil, the pumping that just lubricant oil can be made progress, and be fed to each sliding parts of plunger and york piece.

As mentioned above, the sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: be contained in cylinder body 120 and plunger 5 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; The movable piece 112 that comprises oscillator 3a and plunger 5; The fixed block 121 that comprises cylinder body 120 and stator 3a; The one partial fixing is in movable piece 112 and another part is fixed in the elastic component 108 of fixed block 121; Hold plunger 5 so that the cylinder 122 that plunger 5 can be moved vertically, described cylinder 122 can be plugged in the cylinder body 120, so that to-and-fro motion vertically, and enclosed space 123 is formed between cylinder body 120 and the cylinder 122; Comprise exhaust chamber 7b and the cylinder head 7 that links to each other with cylinder 122; And the communication passage 124 that links to each other with exhaust chamber 7b with enclosed space 123.Adopt this set, during and the cooling capacity of thus having relatively high expectations higher when ambient temperature, the high pressure with according to the rising in this space makes cylinder towards the motion of dead point, top direction, can increase plunger stroke.Like this, cooling capacity is increased.And, to compare according to acting on the situation that the high pressure on its whole back side moves with cylinder, this set can reduce the area that contacts with pressurized gas.So just can reduce thermal loss effectively.And according to this set, with the motion of movable piece, the lubricant oil that is stored in the seal casinghousing bottom can be by upwards pumping.Like this, just can easily lubricant oil be fed to each sliding parts, and can reduce slippage loss, and eliminate wearing and tearing.

According to above-mentioned the 6th embodiment, spring is to be provided with between cylinder and the cylinder body.But, need not say that when with a like parts such as magnet, it can produce a reaction force so that the member that changes cylinder location according to the variation in pressure in this space when substituting described spring, can obtain identical effect.

And in a stroke, cylinder 122 is subjected to a load according to the change in pressure of pressing chamber 9.This variable load may make cylinder 122 do motion on a large scale, thereby can reduce the volume of the pressing chamber 9 at place, dead point, bottom, and reduces cooling capacity.Therefore, the transverse section that preferably makes enclosed space 123 is fully greater than the transverse section of pressing chamber 9.And, in order to be suppressed at a cylinder moving amount in the stroke, preferably utilize a spring 125 with big elasticity coefficient.

The 7th embodiment

The longitudinal section of listed oscillation-type compressor when Fig. 7 is the present invention the 7th.

In Fig. 7, an outlet pipe 126 self-enclosed spaces 123 extend to the cooling system that is positioned at the compressor outside.

Except being provided with the arrangement of the 6th embodiment, the 7th embodiment also comprises outlet pipe 126.According to the 7th embodiment, exhaust chamber 7b is communicated with described cooling system by enclosed space 123.

Below, will the working principle of the 7th embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

In the compression process of compressor, the pressure coolant gas that is compressed in the pressing chamber 9 is sent to exhaust chamber 7b, and is discharged into enclosed space 123 by communication passage 124 subsequently.Enclosed space 123 plays a silencing apparatus, is used for reducing the flowing velocity of the coolant gas that is discharged.Then, by outlet pipe 126 coolant gas that is decelerated is delivered to described cooling system.

The amount of the coolant gas that emits from pressing chamber 9 increases according to the rising of ambient temperature.But the volume of enclosed space 123 increases according to the increase of air displacement, so that can suppress the vibration of enclosed space 123, thereby prevents noise and vibration.

As mentioned above, the seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of oscillation-type compressor that comprises the outlet pipe 126 that links to each other with cooling system with enclosed space 123.Adopt this set, the coolant gas that is compressed in the pressing chamber 9 can expand once in enclosed space 123, and drains into described cooling system subsequently.Therefore, when air displacement increased according to stroke, the volume of enclosed space 123 was with regard to corresponding increase, so that play a silencing apparatus.Therefore, flutter phenomenon can be reduced reliably, noise and vibration can also be suppressed simultaneously.

The 8th embodiment

Fig. 8 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of eighth embodiment of the invention.

In Fig. 8, radially the passage 128 of Yan Shening is arranged in the cylinder body 120.The radial outer end 128a of passage 128 is connected in the bottom of enclosed space 123.One radial inner end 128b is connected in an annular groove 128c along the extension of the slidingsurface between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120.

The 8th embodiment and the 7th embodiment's difference is also to be provided with passage 128.

In the compression process of compressor, the pressure coolant gas that is compressed in the pressing chamber 9 is conveyed in the exhaust chamber 7b, and enters enclosed space 123 by communication passage 124 subsequently.The flowing velocity of coolant gas is reduced in enclosed space 123, thereby the lubricant mist in the coolant gas that is contained in deceleration is fallen under action of gravity, and collects in the bottom of enclosed space 123.Therefore, the lubricant oil that is stored in enclosed space 123 bottoms upwards is pumped into the other end 128b by the passage 128 that radially extends from an end 128a, and is fed to annular groove 128c.By the lubricant oil of feed the whole slidingsurface between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120 is lubricated.Like this, the gap between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120 is lived with regard to complete lubricated oil seal, thereby can improve tightness.Therefore, the loss of can stopping a leak.And, can prevent that the slidingsurface place between cylinder 122 and cylinder body 120 from wearing and tearing eliminating one deck oil film between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120.

As mentioned above, the eighth embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it also comprises the passage 128 that the slidingsurface between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120 and enclosed space 123 bottoms are coupled together.Adopt this structure, can lubricant oil be fed to slidingsurface between cylinder 122 and the cylinder body 120 from the bottom of enclosed space 123 by passage 128.Like this, described slidingsurface is just sealed up airtightly by the lubricant oil of feed.It can prevent that coolant gas from letting out from described enclosed space.Lubricant oil is fed to slidingsurface can prevents that cylinder and cylinder body from wearing and tearing.

The 9th embodiment

Fig. 9 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of ninth embodiment of the invention.Figure 10 is the longitudinal section of working state of the 9th embodiment's oscillation-type compressor.

In Fig. 9 and Figure 10, a combined type groove 130 is arranged on the slidingsurface of cylinder 122 or cylinder body 120.One groove 130a is arranged on the cylinder 122, and another groove 130b is arranged on the cylinder body 120.One end of one communication passage 131 is connected in the exhaust chamber 7b of cylinder head 7, and the other end 131b is facing the groove 130b that is formed on the cylinder 122.

The 9th embodiment and the 6th embodiment's difference is: saved communication passage 124, but be provided with groove 130 and communication passage 131 in addition.

Below, will the working principle of the 9th embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

In the compression process of compressor, the pressure coolant gas that is compressed in the pressing chamber 9 is admitted in the exhaust chamber 7b, and enters in the cooling system by outlet pipe 10 subsequently.Meanwhile, by communication passage 131 and groove 130b a part of coolant gas is introduced in the enclosed space 123.When ambient temperature raise, the pressure of enclosed space 123 increased to a high value.The pressure of the enclosed space 123 that cylinder 122 is suffered increases, and moves towards the direction at dead point, top.The stroke of plunger 5 increases.

But, when described system is under a kind of unsettled starting state or when ambient temperature raise unusually, discharge pressure may increase unusually, thus cylinder 122 is excessively mobile towards the direction at dead point, top.But, according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, when cylinder 122 when the direction at dead point, top moves, the open-mouth end 131b of communication passage 131 just leaves groove 130b, thereby enclosed space 123 is disconnected with exhaust chamber 7b to be connected, therefore, the operation with pressure coolant gas introducing enclosed space 123 just stops.Meanwhile, enclosed space 123 is by the internal communication of groove 130a and seal casinghousing 1, so that coolant gas is arranged from enclosed space 123.As a result, the force value of enclosed space 123 just decreases.Cylinder 122 just is suppressed in the prespecified range towards the moving of direction at dead point, top.Therefore, can prevent that plunger stroke from excessively increasing, and can not produce any problem the reliability of elastic component or other analog.

As mentioned above, the ninth embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it also comprises the combined type groove 130 on the slidingsurface that is arranged on cylinder 122 and cylinder body 120.Adopt this set, when cylinder 122 was significantly mobile towards the dead point, top, groove 130 played a part the device from enclosed space 123 with pressurization gas row, thereby the stroke of plunger can be remained in the prespecified range.Therefore, can prevent that plunger stroke from excessively increasing, and can not produce any problem the reliability of elastic component or other analog.

The tenth embodiment

Figure 11 is the view of the situation that is provided with of the oscillation-type compressor of tenth embodiment of the invention.Figure 12 is the performance plot of the oscillation-type compressor of tenth embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 11, described oscillation-type compressor comprises a seal casinghousing 1 and a main body 2.Seal casinghousing 1 has an inner space as coolant gas space 1a.One motor 3 comprises a stator 3a and an oscillator 3b.Oscillator 3b is fixed in a plunger 5.Main body 2 is made of a movable piece 12 and a fixed block 13 haply.Movable piece 12 comprises the oscillator 3b and the plunger 5 of motor 3.Fixed block 13 comprises the stator 3a and a cylinder body 6 of a cylinder 4, motor 3.Main body 2 is by a suspension spring (not shown) yielding support that is positioned at seal casinghousing 1.Lubricant oil 11 is stored in the bottom of seal casinghousing 1.

Cylinder 4 and elastic component 8 support plunger 5 collaboratively, so that plunger can be slided and to-and-fro motion vertically.Cylinder 4 and plunger 5 form a pressing chamber 9.

The position of the 214 pairs of plungers 5 of plunger position detecting sensor that are made of a differential transformer that comprises a coil 214a and a 214b unshakable in one's determination is detected, and produces the analogue signal of its position of expression.This analogue signal is transformed into a digital signal by an A/D converter 215, and is fed to dead center position, top calculator 216 subsequently.The output of dead center position, top computing device 216 is fed to a to-and-fro motion controller 221 that is arranged in the amplitude controller 18.A basic exciting circuit 222 that links to each other with power supply 217 is sent in the output of to-and-fro motion controller 221.

And, to-and-fro motion controller 221 comprises a comparator 224, it can dead center position, the top signal that be produced by dead center position, top computing device 216 is interior with being stored in amplitude controller 218 the storage (not shown) in dead point, top reference value 219 compare, amplifier 220 can change the output voltage amplitude of delivering to basic exciting circuit 222.

Below, will the compression mechanism of above-mentioned oscillation-type compressor be described.At first, give motor by power supply 217 with the Ac of industrial friendship source current.One magnetic field that is produced by stator 3a can attract be fixed in the oscillator 3b of plunger 5 according to the principle of variable reluctance.When oscillator 3b was mobile vertically, the elastic component 8 that is arranged between oscillator 3b and the cylinder body 6 can be according to the moving and resiliently deformable of plunger 5, and with the elastic force storage within it.Elastic force in being stored in elastic component 8 increases to enough when big, oscillator 3b just by pusher to initial position.Constantly repeat this cycle operation, plunger 5 is moved back and forth vertically.

To be become a digital signal by the position transition that plunger position detecting sensor 214 is detected as the plunger 5 of an analogue signal with A/D converter 215, and deliver to dead center position, top computing device 216, to obtain dead center position, a top " A ".Compared with dead point, top reference value 219 in the dead center position, top " A " of being calculated.The output voltage amplitude that amplifier 220 is given basic exciting circuit 222 according to comparative result control is to eliminate the dead center position, top " A " of being calculated and the difference between dead point, the top reference value 219.Therefore, plunger 5 constantly repeats described to-and-fro motion, keeps a constant dead center position, top simultaneously.

The coolant gas of one cooling system (not shown) is introduced in the low pressure chamber 7a of a cylinder head 7, and entered in the pressing chamber 9 of cylinder 4 with a suction valve (not shown) that is arranged in the cylinder head 7 subsequently.The coolant gas that is introduced in the pressing chamber 9 is compressed by reciprocating in the above described manner plunger 5.

Compressed coolant gas enters in the hyperbaric chamber 7b of cylinder head 7 by outlet valve (not shown)s that are arranged in the cylinder head 7, and arranges subsequently from cylinder head 7 and arrive described cooling system.

In addition, dead point, top reference value changeable device 223 is set, to change dead point, top reference value 219 according to the ambient temperature that changes and the pressure and the load condition of a cooling system (not shown).

Below, will the working principle of the tenth embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

In the compression process of compressor, according to the dead center position, top of measured plunger 5 be preset in difference between dead point, the top reference value 219 in the amplitude controller 218, come the output voltage of feedback control power supply 217,, thereby keep a constant tip-clearance so that eliminate described difference.

But required cooling capacity can reduce according to the reduction of variation such as the ambient air temperature of outside situation and the reduction of heat load.In this case, dead point, top reference value changeable device 223 can be selected a preferable value according to required cooling capacity from dead point, the top reference value of a plurality of prestor.Like this, cooling capacity just can change according to the variation of the outside situation relevant with ambient air temperature, system pressure, system temperature etc.

Like this, above-mentioned the tenth embodiment just can increase the tip-clearance, to suppress the cooling capacity of compressor.So just can regulate the cooling capacity of compressor, thereby can prevent that cooling capacity from excessively increasing, and compressor is effectively worked according to the power demand of cooling system.

Figure 12 is the plotted curve by the laboratory data of the present inventor's acquisition.Can be clearly seen that from Figure 12 cooling capacity increases and reduces with increase the tip-clearance that makes plunger 5 corresponding to dead point, top reference value 219, when the ratio of tip-clearance volume and volume of cylinder was within 10%, compressor efficiency was constant basically.But when the ratio of tip-clearance volume and volume of cylinder passed 10%, compressor efficiency just began to reduce.

As from laboratory data shown in Figure 12, can be clearly seen that, when the ratio of tip-clearance volume and volume of cylinder is within 10%, the tenth embodiment can be reduced to cooling capacity about 50%, and does not reduce the efficient of compressor or the efficient of cooling system.Like this, just can be according to outside situation with the performance number of driven compressor in a best.

As mentioned above, tenth embodiment of the invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one has the seal casinghousing 1 of the inner space 1a that is used for storing coolant gas; Be contained in the cylinder 4 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; Be connected in the plunger 5 of the oscillator 3b of motor 3; Comprise the oscillator 3b of motor 3 and the movable piece 12 of plunger 5; Comprise the stator 3a of motor 3 and the fixed block 13 of cylinder 4; Some 8b is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part 8c is fixed in the elastic component 8 of fixed block 13; The plunger position detecting sensor 214 that the position of plunger 5 is detected; Be used for calculating dead center position, the top computing device 216 of the dead center position, top of plunger 5 according to the plunger position signal that obtains from plunger position detecting sensor 214; Be used for controlling the amplitude control unit 218 of the amplitude of oscillator 3b according to the difference between a dead center position, top and selected dead point, the top reference value 219; And dead point, the top reference value changeable device 223 that is used for changing dead point, top reference value 219.Adopt this set, can be according to the reduction of ambient air temperature or the decline of load, the tip-clearance that increases plunger 5.Like this, can suppress cooling capacity, and can not reduce compressor efficiency.Therefore, can compressor effectively be worked according to the variation of ambient air temperature or the variation of load.

According to above-mentioned the tenth embodiment, motor 3 comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b.But, need not say, when can make plunger 5 substitute motor 3 with another the time, still can obtain identical effect with the same manner pulsating motor.

The 11 embodiment

Figure 13 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of eleventh embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 13, movable stator base 227 is fixed in the stator 3a of motor 3.Movable stator base links to each other with cylinder body 6, and can move vertically with respect to cylinder body 6.Movable stator base 227 and cylinder body 6 common two back pressure cavity 228a and the 228b of forming, they be positioned at movable stator base 227 two ends and with the external communications of seal casinghousing 1.Back pressure cavity 228a and 228b are respectively by the external communications of back pressure pipe 226a and 226b and seal casinghousing 1.The outside of one suction tude, 20 selfsealings housings 1 extends to cylinder head 7.

One pressure control mechanism 225 comprises four pressure controlled valve 225a, 225b, 225c and 225d altogether.Connecting tube 225e and 225f extend to pressure controlled valve 225a and 225b from suction tude 20 respectively.Connecting tube 225g and 225h extend to pressure controlled valve 225c and 225d from an outlet pipe 10 respectively.One pressure tube 225i is connected in back pressure pipe 226b with pressure controlled valve 225a and 225c.One pressure tube 225j is connected in back pressure pipe 226a with pressure controlled valve 225b and 225d.

Pressure control mechanism 225 is introduced low-pressure gas from suction tude 20, and from outlet pipe 10 introducing pressurized gas, and regulate high pressure and the low-pressure gas of being introduced, so that in the scope of the pressure that gas had through regulating in initial high pressure of being introduced and initial low pressure with pressure controlled valve 225a, 225b, 225c and 225d.

Below, will the working principle of the 11 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

The oscillation center of plunger 5 is according to the variation of working pressure situation, reduces and the gas pressure reduction such as ambient air temperature, moves towards the direction of pressing chamber 9.Plunger 5 can surpass the dead center position, top, and bumps against with cylinder head 7.

In this case, open pressure controlled valve 225d, and closing pressure control valve 225b.Like this, back pressure chamber 228a just remains on high pressure.And, closing pressure control valve 225c, and open pressure controlled valve 225a.Like this, back pressure chamber 228b just remains on low pressure.

Because imbalance of pressure between back pressure chamber 228a and the 228b, therefore, movable stator base 227 and stator 3 be towards the direction of the incompressible side 6b of cylinder body 6, and promptly opposite with pressing chamber 9 direction moves together.

Therefore, the oscillation center of plunger 5 can be according to moving of the stator 3a of motor 3 and move towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber 9.Also move towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber 9 dead center position, top of plunger 5.Like this, just can prevent that plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 from bumping against, thereby eliminate vibration and noise.

As mentioned above, the 11st embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: one has the seal casinghousing 1 of the inner space 1a that is used for storing coolant gas; Be contained in cylinder 4 and cylinder body 6 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; Be connected in the plunger 5 of the oscillator 3b of motor 3; Comprise the oscillator 3b of motor 3 and the movable piece 12 of plunger 5; The fixed block 13 that comprises the stator 3a of motor 3; Cylinder 4 and gas 6; Some 8b is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part 8c is fixed in the elastic component 8 of fixed block 13; The stator 3a of motor 3 or a movable stator base 227 that links to each other with the stator 3a that partly is connected in fixed block 13 are so that can move back and forth vertically according to the imbalance of pressure between the back pressure chamber 228ah 228b that eliminates betwixt; And the pressure control mechanism 225 that is used for controlling the pressure of back pressure chamber 228a and 228b.Adopt this set, when the dead center position, top of plunger according to the variation of working pressure situation and when the direction of cylinder head moved, the stator of motor moved towards a direction opposite with pressing chamber.Therefore, just move towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber the oscillation center of plunger.Like this, just can prevent that plunger and outlet valve from bumping against, thereby eliminate vibration and noise.

Though above-mentioned the 11 embodiment has disclosed the pressure control mechanism 225 of the pressure that can control back pressure chamber 228a and 228b.But, need not say, when promptly using the similar pressure control device of any other kind or can make the similar means that moves with the stator 3a of motor 3 movable stator base 227 in aggregates substitute pressure control mechanism 225, still can obtain identical effect.

According to above-mentioned the 11 embodiment, motor 3 comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b.But, need not say, when promptly using another kind can make the reciprocating in the same manner motor of plunger 5 replace motor 3, still can obtain identical effect.

The 12 embodiment

Figure 14 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of twelveth embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 14,, also be provided with one and be used for making the axially movable moving part 229 of stator 3a except being provided with the arrangement of the 11 embodiment.

Below, the working principle of the 12 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor is described.

When compressor start, plunger 5 is just reciprocating according to flowing to the electric current of motor 3.But after compressor start, pressing chamber 9 just keeps a low pressure immediately.Therefore, the gas pressure that acts on the plunger 5 is just very little, so that plunger 5 can not move fully towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber 9.In other words, the origin-location is just left towards the direction of pressing chamber 9 in the oscillation center of plunger 5.The plunger 5 and the outlet valve of cylinder head 7 are bumped against.But according to the 12nd embodiment of the present invention, moving part 229 moves the stator 3a of motor 3 towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber 9.Like this, in the starting process of compressor, the oscillation center of plunger 5 can be located on pressing chamber 9 abundant positions far away.

Therefore, can prevent that plunger 5 bumps against with cylinder head 7 in the starting process of compressor, thereby can prevent that outlet valve is impaired, and can eliminate noise and vibration.

As mentioned above, the 12nd embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: the shifter 229 that the stator 3a that is used for making motor 3 when compressor stops moves towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber 9.Adopt this set, when compressor quit work, motor stator can move towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber.Since with compare in driven situation process, move towards the direction away from pressing chamber the oscillation center of plunger in the starting condition process, therefore, can prevent that plunger and outlet valve bump against in starting process, and eliminate and vibrate and noise.

According to the 12 embodiment, moving part 229 is made by spring.But, need not say, promptly use other any can make the axially movable similar component of stator 3a substitute described spring, still can obtain identical effect.

The 13 embodiment

Figure 15 is the sectional view of the oscillation-type compressor of thriteenth embodiment of the invention.Figure 16 is the circuit block diagram of the oscillation-type compressor of thriteenth embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 15 and Figure 16, described oscillation-type compressor comprises: a main body 301; One cylinder body 302; One motor 3, it comprises a magnet and the coil as oscillator 3b as stator 3a; One cylinder 4 and a plunger 5.One cylinder head 7 comprises a suction valve 307a and an outlet valve 307b.Plunger 5 is contained in the cylinder 4, thereby can make plunger 5 to-and-fro motion vertically.Cylinder 4, plunger 5 and the cylinder head 7 common pressing chambers 9 that form.Pressing chamber 9 links to each other with an external cooling circuit (not shown) with an outlet valve 10 by a suction tude 20.

Main body 301 is made of a movable piece 12 and a fixed block 13 haply.Movable piece 12 comprises the oscillator 3b of plunger 5 and motor 3.Fixed block 13 comprises the stator 3a of cylinder 4 and motor 3.Main body 301 is by a suspension spring (not shown) yielding support that is positioned at the seal casinghousing (not shown).One end of each elastic component 314 is fixed in movable piece 12, and the other end is fixed in fixed block 13.One displacement detector 319 comprises a 319a unshakable in one's determination and a coil 319b.319a unshakable in one's determination links to each other with movable piece 12 by an axially extended link 315.Coil 319b is fixed in fixed block 13, and has an inner space that is used for holding 319a unshakable in one's determination.

The coolant gas of cooling system is introduced in the pressing chamber 9 by suction tude 20 and suction valve 307a.Be introduced into reciprocating in the above described manner plunger 5 compressions of coolant gas quilt in the pressing chamber 9.Compressed coolant gas is discharged into cooling system by outlet valve 307b and outlet pipe 10.

Next, will the compression mechanism of above-mentioned oscillation-type compressor be described.One inverter circuit 341 produces the Ac that is transported to the oscillator 3b that is fixed in plunger 5.The coil that one of stator 3a is energized produces a magnetic field.Owing to be attracted oscillator 3b to-and-fro motion vertically crossing on the direction in magnetic field.Resiliently deformable can take place corresponding to moving of movable piece 12 in elastic component 314, and elastic force is stored in wherein.Elastic force in being stored in elastic component 314 increases to enough when big, and movable piece 12 is pushed gets back to initial position.Constantly repeat this cycle operation and just make plunger 5 to-and-fro motion vertically.

Preferably, the frequency of the Ac that is produced by inverter circuit 341 equals the resonant frequency of system, and this resonant frequency is determined by the quality of movable piece 12 and the elasticity coefficient of elastic component 314.Under this set, can effectively utilize the elastic force of elastic component 314, movable piece 12 is taken place from to-and-fro motion.

Have only when plunger 5 is positioned near the dead point, top, 319a unshakable in one's determination and coil 319b could detect a displacement collaboratively.Therefore, displacement detector 319 can only detect the dead center position, top of plunger 5.Dead center position, one top detector 320 is set, so that the dead point, top of calculating plunger 5 according to the signal that obtains from displacement detector 319.

The voltage that one current/voltage detector 321 flows through the electric current of motor 3 with detection or puts on motor 3 is set.One charger 322 is set changes the voltage that puts on motor 3 with output signal according to dead center position, top detector 320 and current/voltage detector 321.

To the working principle of the 13 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described below.

Movable piece 12 is reciprocating with the 319a unshakable in one's determination of displacement detector 319.Because the detection range of displacement detector 319 only limits near the dead point, top of plunger 5, so 319a unshakable in one's determination is shorter.Therefore, comprise that the gross weight of the movable piece 12 of 319a unshakable in one's determination reduces, and resonant frequency increases, so the cooling capacity that is obtained increases.In addition, alleviate the weight of the reciprocator that comprises movable piece 12, can suppress vibration effectively.

And, the adverse effect of error component can be eliminated effectively near the detection range of displacement detector 319 is limited in the dead point, top, and the position of plunger 5 can be detected exactly.When dead center position, detected top during greater than reference position, dead point, top, charger 322 reduces the output voltage of inverter circuit 341, when dead center position, detected top during less than reference position, dead point, top, charger 322 increases the output voltage of inverter circuits 341.By this feedback control, the dead center position, top of plunger 5 can equal reference position, dead point, top.Because displacement detector 319 has the higher detection precision, therefore can reduce and the deviation of stable upper dead center reference position.By setting a suitable reference position, dead point, top, can obtain a less tip-clearance.Like this, just can increase cooling capacity.The ability that the dead center position, top is done accurately to detect can prevent that plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 from bumping against.Like this, just can suppress impact noise, and can prevent that valve is impaired.

And current/voltage detector 321 can be monitored curtage.So just can calculate according to the amplitude of the curtage that is monitored to plunger 5.And, by the amplitude that will be calculated with by the 320 detected top dead center position additions of dead center position, top detector, can obtain the dead center position, bottom.According to this result, when the amplitude that is obtained surpassed a predefined value, charger 322 just reduced to put on the voltage of motor 3.Therefore, can prevent movable piece 12, thereby can prevent that movable piece 12 and fixed block 13 from bumping against, and can prevent elastic component 314 excessive deformations and impaired with a great amplitude vibration.

As mentioned above, the 13rd embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: cylinder body 302 and plunger 5; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; The movable piece 12 that comprises oscillator 3b and plunger 5; The fixed block 13 that comprises cylinder body 302 and stator 3a; Some is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part is fixed in the elastic component 314 of fixed block 13; Hold plunger 5 so that make the reciprocating vertically cylinder of plunger 54; Link to each other with plunger 5 vertically and be used for detecting near the displacement detector 319 of the position the dead point, plunger 5 top; Be used for obtaining dead center position, the top detection device 320 of the dead center position, top of plunger 5 according to the signal that obtains from displacement detector 319; Be used for detecting the current/voltage detection device 321 of the curtage value of motor 3; And be used for changing the power supply unit 322 of the voltage that puts on motor 3 according to the output signal of dead center position, top detection device 320 and current/voltage detection device 321.According to this set arrangement, displacement detector only is to be used for detecting near position, plunger top dead point.With displacement detector is that the situation that is used for detecting the whole amplitude of plunger is compared, and can reduce the size of displacement detector easily.Movable piece is lighter.Can increase resonant frequency, the cooling capacity that is obtained is increased.

And because the use of displacement detector only limits to detect near the position the plunger top dead point, therefore, the situation that is used for detecting whole amplitude with displacement detector is compared, and can accurately detect the dead point, top.It can suppress the change of tip-clearance, thereby a tip-clearance that reduces to some extent can be provided.Can increase cooling capacity, can also prevent that plunger and cylinder head from bumping against simultaneously.And, owing to the size of displacement detector reduces to make that movable piece is lighter, so just can suppress the vibration that the to-and-fro motion because of movable piece produces.By detecting curtage, can detect the amplitude of plunger.It can prevent plunger with a great amplitude vibration, can prevent that movable piece and fixed block from bumping against simultaneously.Can suitably maintain the reliability of elastic component, thereby can not make reliability decrease because of undue oscillation.

The 14 embodiment

Figure 17 is the sectional view of the oscillation-type compressor of fourteenth embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 17, a displacement detector 325 is arranged on the stator 3a inside of motor 3.One cylindrical core 325a is plugged in the groove that is formed on the slidingsurface of plunger 5.One coil 325b is plugged in the groove that is formed on the slidingsurface of cylinder 4.

Below, the working principle of the 14 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor is described.The 325a unshakable in one's determination of displacement detector 325 is directly fixed on the plunger 5 of movable piece 12.In other words, this set arrangement does not require any union piece that is used for displacement detector 325 is fixed in movable piece 12.Like this, movable piece 12 is lighter.Resonant frequency increases, and cooling capacity increases simultaneously.The movable piece of weight saving can be eliminated the vibration that the to-and-fro motion because of movable piece produces effectively.

The 14 embodiment is arranged on displacement detector 325 centre of each slidingsurface of plunger 5 and cylinder 4.But, need not say that when displacement detector is positioned at one during than the radially inner suitable part of motor 3, the effect that is obtained is identical.

As mentioned above, the 14th embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: cylinder body 302 and plunger 5; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; The movable piece 12 that comprises oscillator 3b and plunger 5; The fixed block 13 that comprises cylinder body 302 and stator 3a; Some is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part is fixed in the elastic component 14 of fixed block 13; Hold plunger 5 so that make the reciprocating vertically cylinder of plunger 54; And with respect to the stator 3a of motor 3 and the Yan Zaiyi inside displacement detector 325 that links to each other with fixed block 13 of part and movable piece 12 radially.This set arrangement is without any need for being used for displacement detector is fixed in the union piece of movable piece.Like this, movable piece is just lighter.Resonant frequency can be improved, cooling capacity can be increased simultaneously.The movable piece of weight saving can be eliminated the vibration that the to-and-fro motion because of movable piece produces effectively.

The 15 embodiment

Figure 18 is the sectional view of the oscillation-type compressor of fifteenth embodiment of the invention.Figure 19 is the sectional view of basic setup situation of the oscillation-type compressor of fifteenth embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 18 and Figure 19, a spiral elastic component 330 has an inner radial 330a who is fixed in movable piece 12.The radially outer 330b of described spirality elastic component 330 is slidably disposed between the protruding 333a and 333b that the inner peripheral wall from the cylinder body 302 of fixed block 13 protrudes out out.Like this, spirality elastic component 330 just can around plunger 5 the axle and rotatably mounted.One dynamic pressure that comprises a plurality of groove 334a produces mechanism 334 and is arranged on the slidingsurface between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4.One sense of rotation limting mechanism 337 comprises that the ratchet 337a and that a radially outside 330b forms is fixed in the ratchet 337b of the inner peripheral surface of cylinder body 320 with cantilevered fashion, so that form a ratchet driver between ratchet 337a and ratchet 337b.Sense of rotation limting mechanism 337 is counterclockwise to limit the sense of rotation of elastic component 330.

Below, the working principle of the 15 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor is described.

In the compression process of compressor, the inner radial 330a of elastic component 330 can be according to the to-and-fro motion of movable piece 12 and moving axially along plunger 5.Simultaneously, because the helical structure of elastic component 330, the to-and-fro motion of movable piece 12 can make and produce tangible swing offset between inner radial 330a and the radially outer 330b.More particularly, the big displacement of elastic component 330 produces a clockwise swing offset, and the less displacement of elastic component 330 produces a counterclockwise swing offset.

When the inner radial 330a of elastic component 330 was rotated counterclockwise with respect to radially outer 330b, sense of rotation limiting structure 337 just locked radially outer 330b with the engagement between ratchet 337a and the ratchet 337b.As a result, the inner radial 330a all-in-one-piece movable piece 12 with elastic component 330 just against the sun rotates.On the other hand, when the inner radial 330a of elastic component 330 turned clockwise with respect to radially outer 330b, sense of rotation limiting structure 337 just can make radially outer 330b rotate freely.As a result, its moment of inertia is less than the just rotation against the sun of radially outer 330b of the elastic component 330 of the moment of inertia of plunger 5.

Therefore, the plunger 5 of movable piece 12 is against the sun to rotate all the time.

A plurality of triangular groove 334a as hydraulic pressure generation mechanism 334 are formed on the slidingsurface of plunger 5.When plunger 5 is rotated counterclockwise with respect to cylinder 4, the fluid of each groove 334a of inflow such as lubricant oil just flows according to the narrow edge portion that rotatablely moving of plunger 5 is urged downward triangular groove 334a, thereby can increase pressure pro rata according to the decrease of wedge effect and triangular cross section.Gap between plunger 5 and cylinder 4 is less part, and the effect of the dynamic pressure that is produced is very big.Therefore, the dynamic pressure that is produced makes that the axis of plunger 5 is identical with the axis of cylinder 4, and for a uniform gap is provided between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4.

Therefore, can reduce the phenomenon that coolant gas lets out by a slidingsurface between plunger 5 and cylinder 4.Can increase cooling capacity.And, owing to eliminated not overlapping or tilt phenomenon between the axis of plunger 5 and cylinder 4, thus the friction of the described slide part office between plunger 5 and cylinder 4 suppressed effectively.Like this, just slippage loss can be reduced, and the efficient of compressor can be improved.

As mentioned above, fifteenth embodiment of the invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: cylinder body 302 and plunger 5; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; The movable piece 12 that comprises oscillator 3b and plunger 5; The fixed block 13 that comprises cylinder body 302 and stator 3a; Some is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part is fixed in the elastic component 330 of fixed block 13; With the sense of rotation limting mechanism 337 that rotatablely move be limited in a direction of elastic component 330 around the axle of plunger 5; Hold plunger 5 so that make the reciprocating vertically cylinder of plunger 54; The dynamic pressure that is arranged in plunger 5 and the cylinder 4 at least on one of them produces mechanism 334.Employing this set is arranged, and swing offset is made in the distortion of the elastic component that elastic component can produce according to the to-and-fro motion by movable piece.Because elastic component can be with respect to the fixed block folk prescription to rotation, therefore, plunger is with same direction rotation all the time.Dynamic pressure produces mechanism and is arranged on the slidingsurface of plunger and cylinder.The rotation of plunger makes dynamic pressure mechanism produce a dynamic pressure that acts between plunger and the cylinder.The dynamic pressure that is produced makes that the axis of the axis of plunger and cylinder is identical, and can be for a uniform gap is provided between plunger and the cylinder.Like this, just can prevent that coolant gas from letting out from pressing chamber.And, owing to eliminated not overlapping or tilt phenomenon between the axis of plunger 5 and cylinder 4, thus the friction of the described slide part office between plunger 5 and cylinder 4 suppressed effectively.Like this, just slippage loss can be reduced, and the efficient of compressor can be improved.

Above-mentioned the 15 embodiment has disclosed described spirality elastic component.But,, still can obtain identical effect even if anyly can substitute this elastic component according to the elastic component that axial displacement produces swing offset with other.

The 16 embodiment

Figure 20 is the longitudinal section of the oscillation-type compressor of sixteenth embodiment of the invention.Figure 21 is the view of the elastic component that uses in the oscillation-type compressor of sixteenth embodiment of the invention.In Figure 20 and Figure 21, described oscillation-type compressor comprises a seal casinghousing 1 and a main body 2.Main body 2 comprises a motor 3, a cylinder 4, a plunger 5, a cylinder body 6, a cylinder head 7, and an elastic component 8.Main body 2 is by a suspension spring (not shown) yielding support that is positioned at seal casinghousing 1.

Motor 3 comprises a stator 3a and an oscillator 3b.One permanent magnet 3c is fixed in stator 3a.Oscillator 3b (coil) is fixedly connected to plunger 5 by an oscillator link 409.

The oscillator 3b of plunger 5, motor 3, and the oscillator link 409 common movable pieces 12 that form.The stator 3a of cylinder 4, motor 3, and the cylinder body 6 common fixed blocks 14 that form.

Elastic component 8 comprises a plurality of piling up or stacked elastic component 8a.The inner circular part 8b of elastic component 8 is fixed in plunger 5.The 8c of cylindrical portion of elastic component 8 is fixed in cylinder body 6.Each elastic component 8a includes a plurality of helical slot 8f to play a spring.

Plunger 5 by cylinder 4 and elastic component 8 supportings can slide vertically.Cylinder 4 and the plunger 5 common pressing chambers 9 that form.

Below, will the compression mechanism of above-mentioned oscillation-type compressor be described.When Ac being transported to the oscillator 3b (coil) of motor 3, permanent magnet 3c produces a magnetic field.Oscillator 3b and this magnetic field interaction can produce one and be used for making the reciprocating vertically active force of oscillator 3b.The plunger 5 that links to each other with oscillator 3b by oscillator link 409 makes elastic component 8 that resiliently deformable take place.The reaction force that utilizes elastic component 8 to be given, plunger 5 can constantly repeat this axial to-and-fro motion.

And upper and lower when mobile perpendicular to the plane of Figure 21 as the inner circular part 8b of elastic component 8a, the inner circular part 8b of elastic component 8a is the direction rotation shown in the arrow in Figure 21.Therefore, the plunger 5 that is fixed in the inner circular part 8b of elastic component 8a just rotates in response to the displacement of elastic component 8a.The direction rotation of plunger 5 to change, and continue to-and-fro motion.

The coolant gas of one cooling system (not shown) is introduced in the low pressure chamber 7a of cylinder head 7, and entered in the pressing chamber 9 of cylinder 4 by a suction valve (not shown) that is arranged in the cylinder head 7 subsequently.The coolant gas that is introduced in the pressing chamber 9 is compressed by reciprocating in the above described manner plunger 5.Compressed coolant gas enters in the hyperbaric chamber 7b of cylinder head 7 by an outlet valve (not shown), and arranges subsequently from cylinder head 7 and arrive described cooling system.

In Figure 20, a support mechanism 413 comprises: the fixed support 414a and the 414b that are fixed in fixed block 13; And the movable support element 415a and the 415b that are fixed in movable piece 12.Fixed support 414a is provided with than the more close pressing chamber 9 of another fixed support 414b.Movable support element 415a is provided with than the more close pressing chamber 9 of another movable support element 415b.Movable support element 415a and 415b are arranged between fixed support 414a and the 414b, and compare axially inwardly biasing with 414b with corresponding fixed support 414a.

Below, will the working principle of the 16 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

In the compression process of compressor, plunger 5 is reciprocating in cylinder 4.When plunger 5 moved near pressing chamber 9 than its stop position, elastic component 8 was out of shape in response to moving of plunger 5.Elastic component 8 has a radial rigidity that reduces according to its amount of deformation.

Equally, when plunger 5 far moved pressing chamber 9 than its stop position, elastic component 8 was out of shape in response to moving of plunger 5.The rigidity of elastic component 8 reduces according to its amount of deformation.

In motor 3, an air gap that is used for oscillator 3b and stator 3a are separated is not fully uniformly.Therefore, oscillator 3b is attracted to stator 3a towards a certain radial direction all the time.

When plunger 5 moved near its stop position, elastic component 8 took place than small deformation.The radial rigidity of elastic component 8 is sufficiently high.In this case, even when the oscillator 3b of motor 3 is radially attracted, the sliding parts between plunger 5 and cylinder 4 and the elastic component 8 still can radial support movable piece 12.There is not partial side pressure can act on the sliding parts between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4.

In the time of near plunger 5 is positioned at dead point, top or dead point, bottom, moderate finite deformation takes place in elastic component 8, thereby radial rigidity is reduced.Like this, elastic component 8 just fully radial support live movable piece 12.

But in the time of near plunger 5 is positioned at the dead point, top, the fixed support 414a that is fixed in fixed block 13 just combines with the movable support element 415a that is fixed in movable piece 12, thereby can make fixed support 414a radially support movable support element 415a substantially.In the time of near plunger 5 is positioned at the dead point, bottom, the fixed support 414b that is fixed in fixed block 13 combines with the movable support element 415b that is fixed in movable piece 12, thereby can make movable support element 414b radially support movable support element 415b substantially.

Therefore, even in the time of near plunger 5 is positioned at dead point, top or dead point, bottom, thereby, elastic component 8 can not radially support movable piece 12 fully because of rigidity reduces, the sliding parts between plunger 5 and cylinder 4 and elastic component 8, can also radially support movable piece 12 at support mechanism 413 places.Therefore, this embodiment can eliminate the partial side pressure on the sliding parts that acts between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4, can also prevent simultaneously the reduction of reliability, such as the reduction of compressor efficiency, and the wearing and tearing that occur in the sliding parts between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4.

As mentioned above, the 16th embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: seal casinghousing 1; Be contained in plunger 5 and cylinder 4 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; The fixed block 13 that comprises the stator 3a of cylinder 4 and motor 3; The movable piece 12 that comprises the oscillator 3b of plunger 5 and motor 3; Some is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part is fixed in or the elastic component 8 that is connected in fixed block 13; And be used near when plunger 5 is positioned at dead point, top or the dead point, bottom radial support and live the support mechanism 413 of movable piece 12.Even in the time of near plunger 5 is positioned at dead point, top or dead point, bottom, thereby, elastic component 8 reduces radial support movable piece 12 fully because of rigidity, this set is arranged except the sliding parts between plunger 5 and cylinder 4 and the elastic component 8, can also be at support mechanism 413 place's radial support movable pieces 12.

Like this, the 16 embodiment has eliminated the partial side pressure on the sliding parts that acts between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4, also prevents the reduction of reliability simultaneously, such as the reduction of compressor efficiency, occurs in the wearing and tearing of the slide part office between plunger 5 and the cylinder 4.

Though above-mentioned the 16 embodiment has disclosed the elastic component 8 that comprises a plurality of stacked elastic component 8a, wherein, each elastic component 8a includes a plurality of slit 8f, but, elastic component 8 still can with other similarly, can make plunger 5 to-and-fro motion and can constitute according to the elastic component that its amount of deformation reduces radial rigidity.

Though above-mentioned the 16 embodiment has disclosed the motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b,, still can use other to make plunger 5 pulsating motor devices.

Though above-mentioned the 16 embodiment has disclosed the elastic component 8 that is directly fixed on plunger 5,, still can use one elastic component 8 is fixed in the link of plunger 5, perhaps they radially can be connected.

The 17 embodiment

Figure 22 is the sectional view of the oscillation-type compressor of seventeenth embodiment of the invention.

The 17 embodiment and the 16 embodiment's difference is: movable piece 12 is provided with a position change mechanism 416.Position change mechanism 416 can change the axial position of movable piece 12.For example, position change mechanism 416 is marmems, and its axial length is shorter when temperature is low, and its axial length is longer when temperature is higher.

Below, will the working principle of the 17 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

Pressing chamber 9 since compressor start after or ambient air temperature can not abundant immediately supercharging when low, therefore, pressing chamber 9 remains on a lower pressure.Can be used for making plunger 5 less towards the gas pressure that the direction of leaving pressing chamber 9 moves.Therefore, the oscillation center of plunger 5 is just near the position deflection of pressing chamber 9, thereby plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 or outlet valve are bumped against.

But under this working condition, because of the temperature of pressing chamber is lower, position change mechanism 416 has short axial length.Therefore, the dead center position, top of plunger 5 is fully to leave cylinder head 7 and outlet valve, thereby can prevent that plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 and outlet valve from bumping against.So just can prevent that cylinder head and outlet valve are impaired.Suppress noise.

And when compressor temperature was elevated to a high value along with time lapse, perhaps when ambient temperature was higher, the supercharging that is obtained was sufficiently high.Under this working condition, can obtain an enough big gas pressure, so that plunger 5 is moved towards the direction opposite with pressing chamber 9.Therefore, the direction skew of pressing chamber 9 is just left in the oscillation center of plunger 5, thereby plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 and outlet valve are fully separated, thereby they are bumped against.

On the contrary, plunger 5 may not can arrive common dead point, top.The tip-clearance of plunger will excessively increase, thereby significantly reduce cooling power and compressor efficiency.But under this working condition, because of compressor temperature raises, position change mechanism 416 has long axial length.Like this, position change mechanism 416 just is offset the dead point, top of plunger 5 towards the direction of cylinder head 7 and outlet valve.Like this, just can prevent that the tip-clearance of plunger 5 from excessively increasing, and can be with satisfactory ground of cooling power proper functioning, and compressor is effectively worked.

As mentioned above, seventeenth embodiment of the invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it comprises: seal casinghousing 1; Be contained in plunger 5 and cylinder 4 in the seal casinghousing 1; The motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b; The fixed block 13 that comprises the stator 3a of cylinder 4 and motor 3; The movable piece 12 that comprises the oscillator 3b of plunger 5 and motor 3; Some is fixed in movable piece 12 and another part is fixed in the elastic component 8 of fixed block 13; And the position change mechanism 416 that links to each other with movable piece 12 that is used for changing the axial position of movable piece 12.Employing this set is arranged, when pressing chamber 9 when can not be immediately after the compressor start or when ambient temperature is low being made the movable piece 12 that comprises plunger 5 towards the direction skew of pressing chamber 9 by abundant supercharging, it can prevent plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 or outlet valve collision.Like this, the 17th embodiment of the present invention just can prevent that compressor is impaired, can suitably keep reliability simultaneously.Suppress noise.

And when compressor temperature reached a higher temperature along with time lapse, perhaps when ambient temperature was higher, the supercharging that is obtained was sufficiently high.Under this working condition, comprise that the movable piece 12 of plunger 5 just leaves the direction skew of pressing chamber 9.But the 17th embodiment of the present invention prevents that the tip-clearance of plunger 5 from too increasing, and can make satisfactory ground of cooling power proper functioning, and compressor is effectively worked.

The position change mechanism 416 that discloses in above-mentioned the 17 embodiment is functors, and its axial length can change according to temperature variation.But the member that position change mechanism 416 can similarly can change the axial position of movable piece 12 by other any according to the variation of external temperature and pressure condition constitutes.

Though above-mentioned the 17 embodiment has disclosed the motor 3 that comprises stator 3a and oscillator 3b,, still can use other any be used for making plunger 5 pulsating motor devices.

The 18 embodiment

Figure 23 is the sectional view of the oscillation-type compressor of eighteenth embodiment of the invention.

The 18 embodiment and the 17 embodiment's difference is: a retainer 417 is set, is used for restriction site and changes the axial internal clearance of the movable piece 12 that mechanism 416 changed.

Below, will the working principle of the 18 embodiment's oscillation-type compressor be described.

Pressing chamber 9 since compressor start after or ambient air temperature can not be when hanging down immediately by abundant supercharging, therefore, pressing chamber 9 remains on a lower pressure.The gas pressure that can be used for plunger 5 is moved towards the direction of leaving pressing chamber 9 is less.Therefore, the oscillation center of plunger 5 just is offset towards the direction of pressing chamber 9.Plunger 5 just may bump against with cylinder head 7 or outlet valve.

But under this working condition, because of the temperature of pressing chamber is lower, position change mechanism 416 has short axial length.Therefore, the dead center position, top of plunger 5 is fully to leave cylinder head 7 and outlet valve, thereby can prevent that plunger 5 and cylinder head 7 and outlet valve from bumping against.So just can prevent that cylinder head and outlet valve are impaired.Suppress noise.

The axial length of position change mechanism 416 may extremely reduce according to the extreme variation of the working condition of the unexpected variation that comprises ambient air temperature or supercharging.But when the axial length of position change mechanism 416 becomes when being shorter than predetermined value, the end face 417a of retainer 417 will contact with elastic component 8.Like this, retainer 417 just limits movable piece 12 and moves towards the direction of leaving pressing chamber 9 is excessive.

Therefore, can prevent that the tip-clearance of plunger from excessively increasing, and can make cooling capacity normal, compressor is effectively worked.

As mentioned above, the 18th embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of like this oscillation-type compressor, and it also comprises: the retainer 417 of the axial internal clearance of the movable piece 12 that restriction site change mechanism 416 is changed.Employing this set is arranged, can be according to the extreme variation of the working condition of the unexpected variation that comprises ambient air temperature or supercharging.Prevent that movable piece from moving towards the direction of leaving pressing chamber 9 is excessive, thereby can not reduce cooling capacity, and compressor is effectively worked.

The present invention can also implement in other several modes that do not deviate from essential characteristic spirit of the present invention.Therefore, should think that these embodiments described above only are illustrative, rather than restrictive, its reason is that protection scope of the present invention is to be limited by appending claims, rather than limit by aforementioned description.Therefore, drop on all changes in claims border, perhaps the equivalent on these borders all should be included in claims.

Claims (2)

1. oscillation-type compressor, it comprises:

One has the seal casinghousing (1) of an inner space (1a) that is used for storing coolant gas;

One is contained in the cylinder (4) in the described seal casinghousing (1);

One comprises the motor (3) of stator (3a) and oscillator (3b);

One is connected in the plunger (5) of the described oscillator (3b) of described motor (3);

One comprises the described oscillator (3b) of described motor (3) and the movable piece (12) of described gas column plug (5);

One comprises the described stator (3a) of described motor (3) and the fixed block (13) of described cylinder (4);

Its part (8b) is fixed in described movable piece (12) and another part (8c) is fixed in an elastic component (8) of described fixed block (13);

The plunger position detecting sensor (214) that the position of described plunger (5) is detected;

Calculate dead center position, the top computing device (216) of the dead center position, top of described plunger (5) according to a plunger position signal that obtains from described plunger position detecting sensor (214);

Control the amplitude control unit (218) of the amplitude of described oscillator (3b) according to the difference between a dead center position, described top and dead point, the top reference value (219) of selecting; And

Be used for changing dead point, the top reference value modifier (223) of dead point, described top reference value (219).

2. oscillation-type compressor, it comprises:

One cylinder body (302) and a plunger (5);

One comprises the motor (3) of stator (3a) and oscillator (3b);

One comprises the movable piece (12) of described oscillator (3b) and described plunger (5);

One comprises the fixed block (13) of described cylinder body (302) and described stator (3a);

Its part (8b) is fixed in described movable piece (12) and another part (8c) is fixed in the elastic component (314) of described fixed block (13);

One holds described plunger (5) so that can make the reciprocating vertically cylinder (4) of described plunger (5);

One is connected in described plunger (5) vertically is used for the displacement detector (319) that near the dead point, top to described plunger (5) position detects;

Obtain dead center position, the top detection device (320) of the dead center position, described top of described plunger (5) according to a signal that obtains from described displacement detector (319);

Detect the current/voltage detection device (321) of the curtage value of described motor (3); And

Output signal according to dead center position, described top detection device (320) and described electric current/power detector (321) changes the power supply unit (322) that puts on described motor (3) voltage.

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