CN1804947A - Full glass flexible chemical process system apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is in the field of fluid dynamics and heat transfer technology in chemical engineering and craft, separation process and control technology, chemical reaction engineering technology and sampling product analysis and process apparatus control. The apparatus comprises a plate rectifying column, a fluidized-bed reactor and a fixed bed reactor which are basic units of the chemical and petrel industry.

Description

Full glass flexible chemical process system apparatus

The Chemical Manufacture technological process is long, serialization, synthesization, increasingly automated, because of inflammable and explosive necessary closed operation, on the other hand, because enterprise is to finish production task and to increase the benefit be purpose, do not allow student's hands-on, can't improve the students ' actual situation operating ability, limited the cultivation of the student being carried out the ability of practice greatly.Therefore I design and have made large-scale teaching equipment with Comprehensive Experiment ability---full glass flexible chemical process system apparatus.

This device is a cover advanced person's that teaching, test and actual production are combined a teaching test equipment, and its adopts practical, accurate automatic instrument(s) and equipment to control, and has emulation and simple productive capacity.This covering device mainly comprises three parts, i.e. the preprocessing process of the subtractive process of material, chemical reaction process and product, and the centre has storage tank, metering, heating, station or operating points such as condensation, vacuum, analytical sampling, temperature control.The content of courses that this covering device is contained relates to all many-sides such as Principles of Chemical Engineering, engineering separation, reaction engineering, Chemical Engineering Process Control, but and independent assortment, versatile and flexible, belong to design mode, comprehensive actual training device, can play an important role cultivating student's innovative thinking, designed capacity and manipulative ability.Simultaneously, this covering device can promote the development in process exploitation technology, fluid mechanics and heat transfer technology, detachment process and control technology, Chemical Reaction Engineering technology and the course fields such as sampling product analysis and process instrument control of fine chemical product in the Chemical Engineering and Technology subject.Both can provide the means of practice, and can the direction of development was provided and provide certain help for industries, universities and research institutors' construction of base again the raising of teachers ' scientific research ability for the enforcement of course teaching plan.The adaptation of this system is wide, can be chemical industry (petrochemical complex, daily-use chemical industry) engineering and technology, environmental engineering, biotechnology, biochemical industry, the student of specialties such as detection technique provides the place of practice and practice, makes the student to the knowwhy of classroom learning more deep understanding be arranged.This covering device automaticity height, advanced technology has played vital role really to Training Students'Ability.And can improve run a school strength and professional characteristic, make teaching, the test more transparent and direct.

The automatic detection and the control section of device, substantially require to design to have parameter detecting control accuracy height with reference to the collecting and distributing control of instrument (DCS system), accurate measurement, the characteristics that controlling schemes is reasonable in design have demonstrated fully the process characteristic and the technological requirement of this complete equipment.Be connected to read out instrument, and detected data are sent to computing machine, computing machine adopts industrial control configuration software, constitute the platform that shows and write down, the data that transmit on the scene are carried out Real time dynamic display, carried out picture and show and to set up data and curves, warning curve, historical data curve etc., and energy long preservation real time data and historical data, in order to guarantee technological parameter, this design proposal adopts the digital display regulation meter to regulate control, critical valves adopts electric control valve to automatically adjust, and can promptly finish manual control and also can control automatically.

Computer control system plays very important effect in the flexible automatic control system of full glass fine chemistry industry, it can gather all data that produced in the total system very intuitively, tabulation, and can come out with curve or diagrammatic representation, particularly this project is used as teaching demonstration, it can intuitively, more can allow the student well accept testing the distincter of production run performance.

This computer automatic control system is to adopt to grind the full analog data acquisition module card of magnificent 813B collection experiment production data, collects data by Asia 6.5 pairs of KingViews of control and carries out configuration, editor.Synoptic chart circle interarea comprising total system, real display interface during all data lists that collect, all data and curves that need are drawn the interface, all data that need report to the police are reported to the police and are gathered, the time real constitutional diagram interface of tower 101, the time real state interface figure of tower 102, the time real state interface figure etc. of reactor.

In addition, also write " technical ability identification handbook ", " operating procedure rules " also write the real training teaching material with reference to the operating procedure rules, having satisfied that teaching requires and the student obtains the needs of senior technical ability certificate.

The student can be that raw material carries out the operation of rectifying real training with ethylene glycol-aqueous solution (or ethanol-water solution), and with glycerine, higher alcohols are raw material, carry out the operation of face cream small serial production real training, can carry out following exercise these real trainings middle school student:

(1) by working specification start-stop car.

(2) by working specification operation and timing sampling analytic record.

(3) teacher is provided with abnormal occurrence for several times, and the student disposes by working specification.

(4) instrument regulating and controlling is provided with repeatedly manually, automatically switch to regulate.

(5) temperature, pressure, each setting of liquid level indication are repeatedly reported to the police and are removed training.

Require the student to accomplish simultaneously:

(1) in strict accordance with working specification start-stop car and processing abnormal occurrence, in time sample analysis.

(2) in time data are carried out picture and show and data storage, and make data and curves and print.

(3) rectification column is done mass balance, mass balance is carried out in face cream production.

(4) the rectification column condenser is carried out heat balance.

(5) the actual training device size is surveyed and drawn and drawn equipment general assembly drawing.

(6) distillation system, still reaction system the process chart (PI figure) that draws for the reference mark.

(7) draw distillation system, the floor plan of still reaction system, elevation drawing.

(8) the draw equipment general assembly drawing of rectification column, tank reactor.

The purpose of these real trainings is to make the student:

(1) structure, performance and the characteristics of understanding rectification column, all kinds of reactors.Grasp the assay method of rectification column column efficiency.

(2) grasp the basic operation method of rectification column, all kinds of reactors, process conditions and analyzing and testing condition, the various operation factors of correct analysis, analysis detecting data is to rectifying, to the influence of reaction.

(3) understand the processing of abnormal occurrence and the adjusting disposal route of general industrial accident.

(4) conventional method of association's analyzing and testing.

(5) understand that digital display meter carries out locally showing, record and report to the police and pass to ultimate principle in the computing machine.Understand the collecting and distributing control of instrument (DCS system) ABC.

(6) exercise chemical engineering drawing basic training.

But also require the student to reach " four understand six kinds of abilities of three meetings ".

" four understand ": understand principle, understand structure, understand performance, understand purposes;

" three meetings ": can operate, can safeguard, can fix a breakdown;

" six kinds of abilities ": thinking ability, operation and work capacity, coordination organizational capacity, processing accident ability, self-protection and fire-fighting rescue ability.

Cultivated the rigorous realistic scientism of student, the knowwhy that the student is learned is consolidated; Manipulative ability obtains cultivating, and self diathesis obtains to improve, adding system and comprehensively more on operative skill is grasped.

1 process introduction

This covering device mainly comprises three parts, i.e. the last handling process of the subtractive process of material, chemical reaction process and product, and the centre has station or operating points such as storage tank, measuring tank, condensation, vacuum, analytical sampling, temperature control.System outline such as Figure of description.

Be the content of courses needs of containing, two rectification column (plate distillation column, stuffing rectification column) are installed, two reactors, three condensers, two well heaters, two circulation heating tanks, five basins (comprise two elevated dosing vessels, a head tank, a return tank, a finished product jar), a vacuum pump, a feeder pump, a reflux pump, an ebullator.

(1) rectification column

Rectification column is to carry out rectifying (distillation) apparatus operating.Its cat head has reflux, to draw back a part of condensed fluid, rectifying is carried out continuously.Having heaters at the bottom of the tower is to provide heat and gas phase.Rectification column adopts packed tower, two kinds of structures of plate column.

(2) reactor

The nucleus equipment of chemical reaction process is a reactor.The pattern of reactor is varied, needs by different teaching, can adopt successive reaction or intermittent reaction.This real training center is equipped with tank reactor, fluidized-bed reactor, fixed bed reactors, tubular reactor four classes.

(3) condenser

Be overhead condenser, purpose is to make the material of vaporization produce backflow.

(4) storage tank

The purpose of storage tank is to store raw material, intermediate product and finished product.Reactant is carried out aftertreatment etc.

(5) elevated dosing vessel

As storage tank, can store two kinds of different materials; As feeding device, can be quantitative material is joined in the reactor; As the part of reactive system, semicontinuous operation that can realization response device system, or reaction produce material carried out pre-service mixes, pre-emulsification.

(6) analytical sampling

For guaranteeing the needs that normally carry out and obtain specification product of technology, chemical process needs the grab sample analysis.

(7) electronic stirring

Electric mixer is installed in reactor, and its rotating speed can be regulated, and stirrer paddle can be changed.

(8) pump

Product pump is a feeding pump, and ebullator, reflux pump, vacuum pump are that total system vacuumizes.

(9) circulation heating tank

One is the hot water circulation heating tank, and one is conduction oil circulation heating tank.

(10) electric control valve

For guaranteeing technological parameter, critical valves adopts electric control valve to automatically adjust.

The narration of 2 flow processs

The rectifying part:

Material is got through No. 1 pump from head tank and is divided into two-way.

One road direction plate distillation column (T-101) sensitive spot charging, enter the tower still, the bottom is heated by reboiler, steam rises to cat head and overflows, enter return tank through cat head external condenser (E-101) condensation, phegma divides two-way through No. 3 pumps, and a part of one tunnel is squeezed into cat head and refluxed, and another part enters elevated dosing vessel; Another road is regulated through pneumatic valve and is entered the finished product jar, can control reflux ratio by extraction like this.The tower bottoms position is controlled by solenoid valve DCF-1.

Another of material carries out interior backflow through the condensation of cat head inner condenser to the charging of packed tower (T-102) tower still, and discharging enters the return tank of plate distillation column.The tower still carries out the chuck heating, and liquid level is controlled by solenoid valve DCF-2.The condenser of cat head is regulated condensation water quantity by pneumatic valve.

Reactive moieties:

Entering reactor A (R-101) by the next fluid of test tank by a certain percentage according to reaction needed reacts.The coiled pipe of stream of hot oil in still that is come by conduction oil circulation heating tank carries out self heating, and reaction to a certain degree back is got to condenser by reactor A (R-101) bottom discharge through the material ebullator, carries out still outer circulation cooling control temperature of reaction.The different requirements of producing by different product when reacting completely, directly discharging or aftertreatment or enter reactor B (R-102) and continue deep processing reaction (decolouring, comprehensive etc.).Final products by reactor B (R-102) still at the bottom of extraction.

3 automatic controlling system loop explanations

Temperature, pressure and Level Detection

According to the requirement of technology, temperature, pressure and the liquid level of system detected.Total 13 points of temperature detection, 6 points of pressure detection, 4 of Level Detection, three flows (glass rotameter) detect.

(1) temperature detection

Field by using PT100 is as temperature sensor, and the temperature signal that PT100 is gathered is sent to digital display meter, and uploads in the computing machine, carries out picture demonstration and monitoring with configuration software.

(2) pressure detection

Field by using PMC800 type pressure unit sends digital display meter then to, and uploads to and carry out picture in the computing machine and show.

(3) Level Detection

Field by using ZH1151 type analogue type differential pressure transmitter adopts the differential pressure measurement method, carries out level gauging, is sent to digital display meter then, and uploads to computing machine and carry out picture and show.

The test run debugging

Carry out cold examination, the heat examination, normal test run debugging all reaches designing requirement.

Claims (7)

1, full glass flexible chemical process system apparatus, and be applied to teaching,

Technical characteristic:

Design has innovative idea, and the teaching platform that solves and improve the students practise ability is provided for the student.Technology is reasonable, equipment, and instrument selection is correct, meets security regulations.

2, press close to industry reality, each unit is dismantled and assembled, independent assortment, and equipment is transparent, and technological process is directly perceived, and is workable.

3, contain all many-sided contents of courses such as relating to Principles of Chemical Engineering, engineering separation, reaction engineering, Chemical Engineering Process Control, helped cultivating student's innovative thinking, designed capacity and operating ability.

4, can promote the in-depth reform of technological development, fluid mechanics and heat transfer technology, detachment process and control technology, Chemical Reaction Engineering technology and the courses such as sampling product analysis and process instrument control of chemical products in the Chemical Engineering and Technology subject.

5, adaptation is wide, and the automaticity height can be used as chemical industry class, chemical instruments class, environmental engineering class, and biochemical industry class, bio-pharmaceuticals type student provide the place of practice and practical teaching.

6, can be used as the student and obtain " verification of professional technical ability certificate " place.

7, design is installed voluntarily voluntarily, has characteristics such as small investment, function are complete, widely applicable, belongs to domestic initiation.Claimed: the equipment process technology and the technology of full glass flexible chemical process system apparatus, instrument control technology.

Images