CN1804607A - Chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector - Google Patents
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- CN1804607A CN1804607A CN 200510068344 CN200510068344A CN1804607A CN 1804607 A CN1804607 A CN 1804607A CN 200510068344 CN200510068344 CN 200510068344 CN 200510068344 A CN200510068344 A CN 200510068344A CN 1804607 A CN1804607 A CN 1804607A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a chip type capacity coupling non-touching type electric conductivity detector, which comprises a function signal generator, a micro flow control chip, a signal amplifier, a signal collector and a signal recorder, wherein the micro flow control chip comprises a base sheet and a cover sheet; the base sheet arranges a buffer solution pool and an output solution pool which use the separating channel to connect with each other and a sample pool and a waste liquid pool which are connected with the separating channel; one side of the cover sheet and the base sheet arrange the buffer solution pool, the output solution pool, the sample pool and the waste liquid pool; the other side of the cover sheet comprises 2-10 grooves along to the separating channel; it separately arranges a test electrode in each groove; one of the test electrode is connected with the function signal generator and other test electrodes are separately connected with the signal amplifier.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrochemical detector, particularly about a kind of chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector.
Background technology
The development of life science and environmental science is more and more higher to the requirement that separates and detect, and with regard to separation itself, it is fine that electrophoresis, electrochromatography, micro column liquid chromatography and chip electrophoresis can have been finished, and detection technique often becomes the bottleneck of restriction development.Electrochemical Detection (EC) and laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection (LIF) are two kinds of the sensitiveest detection techniques of using at present.Compare with LIF, EC is easy to microminiaturization, integrated, be particularly suitable for the separation detection of electrophoresis, electrochromatography, micro column liquid chromatography and chip electrophoresis, and EC can be used for detecting more material, can be used for the detection of materials such as medicine, amino acid, DNA, sugar, peptide, protein, neurotransmitter, inorganic ions, vitamin and agricultural chemicals.In recent years, the development of microchip electrophoresis is swift and violent, finally might replace traditional Capillary Electrophoresis, and the electrochemical measuring technique that uses in the Capillary Electrophoresis can be transplanted to basically in the microchip electrophoresis, therefore, development microchip formula high sensitive electrochemical detecting device has crucial meaning.Electrochemical detector comprises ampere detector, electric conductivity detector, and volt-ampere detecting device and electric potential detector, wherein ampere detector and electric conductivity detector use the most extensive.Electric conductivity detector is that the contribution to electrical conductivity of solution detects according to charged component, so long as the ion-type component all has response, is a kind of common detector therefore, especially is fit to the detection of micromolecular compounds such as inorganic ions, amino acid.Since its have simple in structure, be easy to microminiaturization, integrated, universal, in the microfluidic analysis system, have potentiality.
Electric conductivity detector on the micro-fluidic chip generally adopts in post (on-column) detection mode at present, whether contacts with solution to be measured according to electrode, and electric conductivity detector can be divided into contact-type and detect [Kaniansky D, Masar M, Bielcikova J, et al, Anal.Chem.2000,72:3596 Grass B, Neyer A, Jonck M, et al, Sens.Actuators B.2001,72:249] and two kinds of non-contact detecting.The contact-type electric conductivity detector since in electrode and the passage solution directly contact, following problem can occur: 1, electricity is led detection and often can not effectively be isolated with the electrophoretic separation high pressure, can be because the reason of " altogether " produces " electric leakage " interference, the baseline noise increase.2, electricity is led detection and is often made electroactive material generation electrochemical reaction between sensing electrode and solution inevitably, produces bubble baseline noise is increased or contaminated electrode.3, the material in the passage fluid causes electrode fouling because of absorption.
Contactless conductivity detector comes across 1998, because detecting electrode does not contact with solution, has solved the difficult problem that traditional electrical is very easily polluted, and is paid attention to very much at present.The Pu Mala of U.S. [Pumera M, WangJ, Operkar F such as (Pumera), et al, Anal.Chem.2002,72:1968] though once made a kind of capacitive coupling non-contact electric conductivity detector on capillary electrophoresis chip, it is used and still has many difficulties.The best result of bibliographical information reaches 1 μ M level for the detection to some inorganic ions at present, lead being on close level of detection with direct electricity, but, also need further to improve its detection sensitivity and reduce detectability than one to two order of magnitude of detection limit for height of Amperometric Detection Coupled.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector, and it can significantly improve detection sensitivity, selectivity, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), reduces detectability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector, and it comprises function signal generator, micro-fluidic chip, signal amplifier, signal picker and the signal recorder that connects in regular turn; Described micro-fluidic chip comprises a substrate and a cover plate; Described substrate is provided with a buffer solution pond and an outlet solution pool by the split tunnel connection, and the sample cell and the waste liquid pool that are communicated with described split tunnel respectively; Corresponding buffer solution pond, outlet solution pool, sample cell and the waste liquid pool of being provided with of the one side of described cover plate with described substrate; It is characterized in that: the another side of described cover plate is etched with 2～10 grooves at interval along described on-chip split tunnel, in each described groove, be embedded with a detecting electrode respectively, wherein a described detecting electrode connects described function signal generator, and other described detecting electrode connects described signal amplifier respectively.
The quantity of the detecting electrode on the described cover plate is 4～8.
The quantity of the detecting electrode on the described cover plate is 5～6.
The split tunnel that is connected between described buffer solution pond and the outlet solution pool is 2～10, and the detecting electrode on the described cover plate is 2, and is crossed on respectively on each described split tunnel.
Described split tunnel is 4～8.
Described split tunnel is 5～6.
Distance along described split tunnel direction between described each detecting electrode is 0.5～2mm.
Distance between described each split tunnel is 0.5～2mm.
The material of described detecting electrode is a kind of in gold, platinum, the carbon fiber.
The present invention is owing to adopted above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is owing to the cover plate upper surface at micro-fluidic chip is provided with a plurality of grooves at interval along split tunnel, and in each groove, be embedded detecting electrode respectively, the split tunnel that makes electrode and involution is not or not same surface, therefore solved electrode effectively and directly contacted the variety of issue that brings with the interior solution of split tunnel, compare with existing contactless conductivity detector simultaneously, adopt detecting electrode set-up mode of the present invention, its method for making is simple, and reliability and stability all have bigger enhancing.2, the present invention with a detecting electrode in a plurality of detecting electrodes as input electrode contiguous function signal generator, remaining all connects signal amplifier as output electrode, the signal that therefore can detect between each output electrode and the input electrode changes, and each detection signal added up, realize improving detection sensitivity, selectivity, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), reduce the goal of the invention of detectability.3, the present invention is owing to many split tunnels that are provided with between micro-fluidic chip on-chip buffer solution pond and outlet solution pool, and two electrodes are crossed on each described split tunnel, the signal that therefore can detect between each passage two electrode changes, and detection signal added up, can reach equally and realize improving detection sensitivity, selectivity, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), reduce the goal of the invention of detectability.The present invention can obviously provide the trace detection precision, and it can be widely used in the separation detection of complex samples such as various drugs analyses, biochemistry, environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a composition synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the micro-fluidic chip one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one
Fig. 3 is the micro-fluidic chip substrate structure synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one
Fig. 4 is the micro-fluidic chip cover plate structural representation of the embodiment of the invention one
Fig. 5 is the microfluidic chip structure synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention two
Fig. 6 is the microfluidic chip structure synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention three
Fig. 7 is the equivalent circuit diagram of capacitive coupling non-contact conductance monitor
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector of the present invention comprises function signal generator 1, micro-fluidic chip 2, signal amplifier 3, signal picker 4 and signal recorder 5.Wherein function generator 1 can be exported the ac voltage signal as signal generating source, micro-fluidic chip 2 is provided with detecting electrode 15, current signal process signal amplifier 3 output voltage simulating signals by detecting electrode 15 outputs become digital signal to offer signal recorder 5 analog signal conversion by signal picker 4 again and carry out data acquisition and processing (DAP).Characteristics of the present invention are mainly reflected on the micro-fluidic chip 2, are elaborated below by several embodiment.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 2, micro-fluidic chip 2 is made up of the cover plate 20 (as shown in Figure 4) that a substrate 10 (as shown in Figure 3) and with split tunnel 14 is integrated with detecting electrode 15.As shown in Figure 3, an end of substrate 10 is provided with buffer solution pond 11, and the other end is provided with outlet solution pool 16, connects by split tunnel 14 between the two.Be respectively arranged with the waste liquid pool 12 and sample cell 13 that is communicated with split tunnel 14 in split tunnel 14 both sides near buffer solution pond 11.As shown in Figure 4, two faces of cover plate 20, its lower surface and substrate 10 involutions, and corresponding buffer memory solution pool 11, waste liquid pool 12, sample cell 13 and the outlet solution pools 16 of being provided with substrate 10.The upper surface of cover plate 20 is etched with two grooves, is embedded a detecting electrode a, b in two grooves respectively, the material of electrode can be casting of metals such as the gold, platinum of liquid in groove, also can be to be embedded in carbon fiber in the groove etc.Two detecting electrode a, b can be arranged in parallel within a side (not shown) of split tunnel 14, also can lay respectively at the both sides (as shown in Figure 4) of split tunnel 14, between two detecting electrode a, the b along the direction of split tunnel 14 at a distance of 0.5～2mm, for example 0.8mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm etc., one of them detecting electrode a connects signal generator 1 as input electrode, another detecting electrode b connects signal amplifier 3 as output electrode, thereby has formed the structure of the single channel micro-fluidic chip 2 of two electrode systems.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 5, split tunnel 14 on the substrate 10 of micro-fluidic chip 2 is one, and the detecting electrode 15 that cooperates with split tunnel 14 comprises five detecting electrode a that are arranged on the cover plate 20, b, c, d, e, five detecting electrodes 15 can all be arranged on a side of split tunnel 14, also can detecting electrode a and other detecting electrode b, c, d, e divides the both sides that are listed in split tunnel 14, one of them detecting electrode a connects signal generator 1 as input electrode, other four detecting electrode b, c, d, e connects signal amplifier 3 respectively as output electrode, thereby has formed the structure of the single channel micro-fluidic chip 2 of multi-electrode system.
In the foregoing description, the material of electrode and method for making, and the spacing along the direction of split tunnel 14 is identical with embodiment one between each detecting electrode 15, the quantity of detecting electrode 15 can also be 6 or 4～8 or 3～10.
Embodiment three:
As shown in Figure 6, be connected with 5 split tunnels 141,142,143,144,145 between buffer solution pond 11 on the substrate 10 of micro-fluidic chip 2 and the outlet solution pool 16, and two detecting electrode a, b only are set on cover plate 20, and two electrode a, b stride respectively and establish each split tunnel 141,142,143,144,145, signal generator 1 is connected on the detecting electrode a, detecting electrode b connects signal amplifier 3, thereby forms the multi-channel chip structure of two electrode systems.
In the foregoing description, the material of electrode and method for making, and the spacing along the direction of split tunnel 14 is identical with embodiment one between each detecting electrode 15, the quantity of split tunnel can also be 6 or 4～8 or 2～10.
The principle of work and the mode of chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector of the present invention are as follows:
As shown in Figure 2, the cover plate 20 that is provided with detecting electrode 15 promptly is made into contactless conductivity detector with substrate 10 involutions with split tunnel 14, i.e. two electrode a, b and passage therebetween 14 and solution composition wherein capacitor, when between two detecting electrode a, b, applying high-frequency alternating current, effects of ion can be moved, and produces conduction current; In addition, the electric charge of ion, dipole molecule inside produces instantaneous dipole polarization under the effect of high-frequency electric field and the distortion polarization forms polarization current, and this polarization current can reach the same order of magnitude with conduction current when ac frequency reaches 1MHz.When ac frequency was very high, the migration velocity of inertia ion did not often catch up with the variation of extra electric field frequency.Therefore, always have an ac frequency scope, it is best to make electricity lead response.As shown in Figure 7, when function signal generator 1 applied sinusoidal ac signal, two detecting electrode a, b of micro-fluidic chip 2 constituted a capacitor C with the solution in the split tunnel 14 respectively
w, the solution between two detecting electrode a, the b is equivalent to a resistance R.Two detecting electrode a, b form the closed-loop path by the coupling of the solution in the passage under the high-frequency ac electro ultrafiltration, electric current satisfies Ohm law in the loop: I
P-p=V
P-p/ Z
Total(Z
Total=R+Z
c)), when sample flow after testing when electrode a, b, because the difference that sample and background buffer solution electricity are led causes the change of resistance R, feasible resulting impedance Z
TotalChange, changed the size of electric current in the loop, the change Δ I of electric current
P-pPromptly be the information of reflection sample concentration.
As shown in Figure 5, for the single channel multi-electrode system, owing to have only a split tunnel 14, the permutation and combination method that but has the parallel detecting electrode 15 of n root (n is greater than 2), therefore as a kind of analyte signal arrival detecting electrode a, in the time of between the b, can write down signal 1 time, when signal arrives detecting electrode a, in the time of between the c, can write down signal again 1 time, when signal arrives detecting electrode a, in the time of between the d, can also write down signal 1 time ..., by that analogy, again each signal is added up at last (can carry out adding up for n-1 time), and then reach the increase signal value, and reduce the effect of random noise, improve detection sensitivity, reduce the purpose of detectability, can improve the electricity of trace samplings simultaneously and lead detectability.Compare with embodiment one, present embodiment adopts single channel 5 electrode systems, and signal increases nearly 2 times.
As shown in Figure 6, multi-channel chip system for two electrodes, owing to there are a plurality of split tunnels (m is greater than 2), but have only two detecting electrode a, b, when each split tunnel 141,142,143, when identical, to any analyte, when sample signal arrives two detecting electrode a, in the time of between the b, because R is the 1/m of a passage, so can play the effect (can carry out adding up for m-1 time) that signal adds up, can reach the increase signal value equally, reduce the effect of random noise, improve detection sensitivity, reduce the purpose of detectability, improve the electricity of trace samplings and lead detectability.Compare with embodiment one, present embodiment adopts 5 passages, two electrode systems, and signal increases nearly 2 times.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector, it comprises function signal generator, micro-fluidic chip, signal amplifier, signal picker and the signal recorder that connects in regular turn; Described micro-fluidic chip comprises a substrate and a cover plate; Described substrate is provided with a buffer solution pond and an outlet solution pool by the split tunnel connection, and the sample cell and the waste liquid pool that are communicated with described split tunnel respectively; Corresponding buffer solution pond, outlet solution pool, sample cell and the waste liquid pool of being provided with of the one side of described cover plate with described substrate; It is characterized in that: the another side of described cover plate is etched with 2～10 grooves at interval along described on-chip split tunnel, in each described groove, be embedded with a detecting electrode respectively, wherein a described detecting electrode connects described function signal generator, and other described detecting electrode connects described signal amplifier respectively.
2, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of the detecting electrode on the described cover plate is 4～8.
3, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the quantity of the detecting electrode on the described cover plate is 5～6.
4, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the split tunnel that is connected between described buffer solution pond and the outlet solution pool is 2～10, detecting electrode on the described cover plate is 2, and is crossed on respectively on each described split tunnel.
5, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described split tunnel is 4～8.
6, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described split tunnel is 5～6.
7, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detectors, it is characterized in that: the distance along described split tunnel direction between described each detecting electrode is 0.5～2mm.
8, as claim 4 or 5 or 6 described chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detectors, it is characterized in that: the distance between described each split tunnel is 0.5～2mm.
9, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detectors, it is characterized in that: a kind of in the gold, platinum, carbon fiber of the material of described detecting electrode.
10, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: the material of described detecting electrode is a kind of in gold, platinum, the carbon fiber.
11, chip type capacitance coupling contactless conductivity detector as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the material of described detecting electrode is a kind of in gold, platinum, the carbon fiber.
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| CN103616331B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-07-06 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of water content of lubricating oil amount detecting device and detection method thereof |
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