CN1804103A - Chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant - Google Patents
Chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The solid rare-earth energizer for chemical thermal treatment comprises: 40-90w% energizer of rare-earth chloride as any combination of La, Ce, Pr and Nd or single La or Ce; and 10-60w% auxiliary agent that contains 20-30% urea, 2-30% biamino hydride, 20-30% potassium ferrocyanide, and 20-25% KCN or NaCN; or 50-70% KCl, 20-40% NaCl, and 2-10% boric acid. This invention overcomes defects in prior art, and has high efficiency, large effect to metal phase tissue modification, and wide application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energizer.
Background technology
Gas cementation and carbonitriding are the important production technique of transmitting gear in automobile industry and the Motor vehicles, also are boiler, steam turbine, railway and the extremely important process of surface treatment of other engineering goods.Above-mentioned two class technologies used its proterties of rare-earth energizer at present are liquid, mainly are rare earth chloride to be dissolved in constitute the liquid rare earth energizer in the organic solution, in the mode injecting gas cementing furnace that instils, cementation process are worked the effect of oozing of urging.Production practice prove, because kind, type and the diversity structure of gas carbruizing furance and gas nitriding furnace, single liquid rare earth energizer far can not satisfy the production actual needs, mainly show narrow application range, adopt the gaseous cement production unit inapplicable for some, the shortcoming of feed-pipe takes place to stop up easily, and what have uses, also very inconvenient.Publication number is CN1039069A, open day is January 24 nineteen ninety, denomination of invention is the patent of invention of " solid-state rare earth chemistry thermal treatment energizer ", a kind of solid-state rare earth chemistry thermal treatment energizer is disclosed, this solid rare earth accelerant is being handled converted steel, structure iron, when tool steel and die steel, though than the liquid rare earth energizer in carburizing, nitriding and carbonitriding aspect improve to some extent, but owing to form single, compare with the liquid rare earth energizer, exist and to urge that to ooze effect relatively poor, improvement influence to metallographic structure is little, the processed workpiece surface hardness is not enough, for the shortcoming poor for applicability than the production technique of deep layer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solving existing solid rare earth accelerant when handling converted steel, structure iron, tool steel and die steel, also exist to urge and ooze that effect is undesirable, tissue influence is little to improving, the processed workpiece surface hardness not enough, the problem of narrow application range, a kind of chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant is provided.The present invention have urge the workpiece surface hardness height that oozes efficient height, processing, improve metallographic structure, easy to use, be suitable for the wide characteristics of carburizing infiltration layer scope.The present invention is made by energizer 40～90% and auxiliary agent 10～60% by weight percentage, and described energizer is rare earth chloride (ReCl
3NH
2O), described auxiliary agent is made up of urea 20～30%, dihydro-amine 20～30%, yellow prussiate of potash 20～30% and potassium cyanate or Zassol (KOCN or NaOCN) 20～25% by weight percentage or by Repone K 50～70%, sodium-chlor 20～40% and boric acid 2～10% are formed.The described rare earth chloride mixed chlorinated rare earth that to be La, Ce, Pr, Nd form by arbitrary proportion or be the rare earth chloride of the La of simple substance or Ce.The present invention compares with existing solid rare earth accelerant, has to urge to ooze the efficient height, metallographic structure is improved that influence is big, the workpiece surface hardness height of processing, is suitable for the advantage of layer depth wide ranges.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is made by energizer 40～90% and auxiliary agent 10～60% by weight percentage, and described energizer is rare earth chloride (ReCl
3NH
2O), described auxiliary agent is made up of urea 20～30%, dihydro-amine 20～30%, yellow prussiate of potash 20～30% and potassium cyanate or Zassol (KOCN or NaOCN) 20～25% by weight percentage or by Repone K 50～70%, sodium-chlor 20～40% and boric acid 2～10% are formed.The described rare earth chloride mixed chlorinated rare earth that to be La, Ce, Pr, Nd form by arbitrary proportion or be the rare earth chloride of the La of simple substance or Ce.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is made by energizer rare earth chloride 40% and auxiliary agent 60% by weight percentage, described auxiliary agent is made up of urea 25%, dihydro-amine 25%, yellow prussiate of potash 25% and potassium cyanate or Zassol (KOCN or NaOCN) 25% by weight percentage or by Repone K 70%, sodium-chlor 24% and boric acid 6% are formed.Other composition is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is made by energizer rare earth chloride 90% and auxiliary agent 10% by weight percentage, described auxiliary agent is made up of urea 27%, dihydro-amine 27%, yellow prussiate of potash 26% and potassium cyanate or Zassol (KOCN or NaOCN) 20% by weight percentage or by Repone K 50%, sodium-chlor 40% and boric acid 10% are formed.Other composition is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is the fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant, by weight percentage by rare earth chloride (ReCl
3NH
2O) 80～90%, urea 2～8%, dihydro-amine 2～6%, yellow prussiate of potash 2～5%, potassium cyanate or Zassol (KOCN or NaOCN) 2～8% are made.The making method of fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant is: get rare earth chloride 80～90%, urea 2～8%, dihydro-amine 2～6%, yellow prussiate of potash 2～5%, potassium cyanate or Zassol 2～8% by weight percentage, above-mentioned various chemical feedstockss are ground into the particulate of particle diameter less than 0.5mm, again with common organic binding material (such as starch paste or food glue, its weight account for above-mentioned various chemical feedstocks gross weights 1～5%) be placed on and carry out uniform mixing in the particulate together, the solid particulate that carries out punching press or be squeezed into geometrical shape by mould gets final product.Described fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant particle grain size is 0.1～10mm.Fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant coating of particles is: circle, ellipse, garden cheese, cylindrical, olive shape, square, rectangular cylindricality or multi-edge column-shaped.The use temperature scope of fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant: a, be used for 820～880 ℃, 880～930 ℃ of temperature range gas cementations and carbonitriding technology, the shallow-layer surface hardening that is used for treat surface alloying layer thickness＜1.2mm is handled.B, with 500～600 ℃, or the gas nitriding of 600～700 ℃ of temperature ranges, gas carbonitriding and gas multielement co-penetration (rare earth, nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, boron, sulphur etc.) technology, the workpiece surface hardened layer is general＜0.8mm.The performance characteristic of fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant: a, gasification temperature feature: general more than 500 ℃ rare earth compound just begin gasification, because of gasification is a kind of thermo-negative reaction, the high more gasification rate of temperature is fast more in the stove.Could participate in gas-phase reaction after having only gasification, participate in the surface reaction between furnace gas and workpiece.B, quick-acting feature: have obvious quick-acting effect, show as the rare earth chemistry gesture that makes in the stove and reach quite high level in short-term, quicken speed of response between the interior gas-phase reaction of stove and furnace gas and the workpiece interface, and quicken absorption and the infiltration process of workpiece surface, thereby show the powerful effect of oozing of urging to infiltration element N, C etc.Therefore quick-acting features just become a big advantage of present embodiment.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is the slow-release solid rare-earth energizer, is made by rare earth chloride 50～65%, Repone K 30～40%, sodium-chlor 5～20%, boric acid 1～7% by weight percentage.The making method of slow-release solid rare-earth energizer is: 1. solution method: get rare earth chloride 50～65%, Repone K 30～40%, sodium-chlor 5～20%, boric acid 1～7% by weight percentage, above raw material is added water make the aqueous solution, with the heating method of enrichment water is evaporated, make particle again after the crystallization and get final product.2. molten-salt growth method: get rare earth chloride 50～65%, Repone K 30～40%, sodium-chlor 5～20%, boric acid 1～7% by weight percentage, above raw material is mixed evenly, place in the crucible, be placed on heating and melting in the electric furnace, pour in the mould fused salt into cooling and make particle and get final product.Described slow-release solid rare-earth energizer particle grain size is 0.1～10mm.Slow-release solid rare-earth energizer coating of particles is: circle, ellipse, garden cheese, cylindrical, olive shape, square, rectangular cylindricality or multi-edge column-shaped.The use temperature scope of slow-release solid rare-earth energizer: be mainly used in gas cementation and carbonitriding technology in 840～940 ℃ of temperature ranges, handle different size and gear and mechanical component thereof.The slowly-releasing principle of slow-release solid rare-earth energizer: with rare earth chloride for sponsoring penetration enhancer, other villaumite is an auxiliary agent, after these salt are fused together, control the height of its gasification point, have only in the fused salt mixt and just can participate in gas-phase reaction in the stove after the rare earth chloride gasification, participate in interface reaction between furnace gas and workpiece, promote the C atom to be absorbed and diffusion, work the effect of oozing of urging by workpiece.Handling characteristics: the slow-release solid rare-earth energizer has the controllable sustained-release performance.In 840～920 ℃ of gas carbruizing furances, will be evaporated, after rare earth is gasified, just can work the effect of oozing of urging Gas Carburizing Process by slowly-releasing.No matter the sort of gas cementation medium such as methyl alcohol+kerosene, methyl alcohol+ethyl ester, endothermic atmosphere, acetone and nitrogen-based atmosphere, Sweet natural gas atmosphere all can be used.Carburizing temperature can be reduced to 840～880 ℃, reduce workpiece deformation, economize on electricity 20～30% can also improve metallographic structure and improve mechanical property.
Fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant application example:
1.. Chongqing station-service 60kw pit carburizing furnace is handled motorcycle parts, cementation zone 0.4～0.7mm, 900 ℃ of kerosene of former technology add the methyl alcohol carburizing, to warm exhaust Hou Guan hole carburizing 1～1.5h, depth of penetration often occurs and reach the upper limit, and the workpiece surface carbon concentration does not reach the 0.8%C requirement, rear surface hardness deficiency causes quenching, wear resistance and fatigue lifetime deficiency, early failure.After use 860 ℃ * 2.5h re carburizing instead, concrete operations are that exhaust finishes and drops into the fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant in the forward direction stove of Hou Guan hole, the surface deep layer reaches more than the 0.6mm, the small and dispersed granular carbide appears in the surface, hardness HRC62～64, technology total time is lacked 1h than former technology, and carburizing temperature has descended 40 ℃, and part deformation obviously reduces.
2.. the spindle material that injection moulding machine factory in Liuzhou produces is 38CrMoAl, and former technology is 510 ℃ * 50h, reaches depth of penetration 0.5mm, surface hardness HV＞960.We in workpiece hangs in stove, adopt the fast-acting type solid rare earth accelerant under 540 ℃ of temperature and carry out the rare earth nitriding, and 25h just reaches 0.5mm as a result, improve one times of infiltration rate, and metallographic and hardness are qualified fully.
Slow-release solid rare-earth energizer application example:
Weifang, Shandong wheel casing limited liability company handles automobile gear with mult-purpose chamber furnace, and carburized layer depth is 0.8～1.2mm, material 20CrMnTi steel.930 ℃ of propane of former process using add the methanol gas carburizing, technical indicator: martensite, residual austenite, carbide are controlled in 3 grades, surface hardness HRC58～62, and former process cycle always accounts for stove time 11-12h, layer depth 0.9～1.1mm.Hardness HRC58～62.The method of using the slow-release solid rare-earth energizer is it and workpiece to be put together enter in the stove, technological temperature is reduced to 880 ℃, technology always accounts for stove time 10～11h, layer depth reaches 1.05～1.20mm as a result, surface hardness reaches HRC60～63, metallographic structure martensite residual austenite, carbide all in 1 grade, have been obtained good result.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant, it is characterized in that it is made by energizer 40～90% and auxiliary agent 10～60% by weight percentage, described energizer is a rare earth chloride, described auxiliary agent is by weight percentage by urea 20～30%, dihydro-amine 20～30%, yellow prussiate of potash 20～30% and potassium cyanate or Zassol 20～25% is formed or by Repone K 50～70%, and sodium-chlor 20～40% and boric acid 2～10% are formed.
2, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is made by energizer rare earth chloride 40% and auxiliary agent 60% by weight percentage, described auxiliary agent is made up of urea 25%, dihydro-amine 25%, yellow prussiate of potash 25% and potassium cyanate or Zassol 25% by weight percentage or by Repone K 70%, sodium-chlor 24% and boric acid 6% are formed.
3, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is made by energizer rare earth chloride 90% and auxiliary agent 10% by weight percentage, described auxiliary agent is made up of urea 27%, dihydro-amine 27%, yellow prussiate of potash 26% and potassium cyanate or Zassol 20% by weight percentage or by Repone K 50%, sodium-chlor 40% and boric acid 10% are formed.
4,, it is characterized in that the described rare earth chloride mixed chlorinated rare earth that to be La, Ce, Pr, Nd form by arbitrary proportion or be the rare earth chloride of the La of simple substance or Ce according to claim 1,2 or 3 described chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant.
5, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by rare earth chloride 80～90%, urea 2～8%, dihydro-amine 2～6%, yellow prussiate of potash 2～5%, potassium cyanate or Zassol 2～8% by weight percentage.
6, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 5 is characterized in that described solid rare earth accelerant particle grain size is 0.1～10mm.
7, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 5 is characterized in that the solid rare earth accelerant coating of particles is: circle, ellipse, garden cheese, cylindrical, olive shape, square, rectangular cylindricality or multi-edge column-shaped.
8, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by rare earth chloride 50～65%, Repone K 30～40%, sodium-chlor 5～20%, boric acid 1～7% by weight percentage.
9, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 8 is characterized in that described solid rare earth accelerant particle grain size is 0.1～10mm.
10, chemical heat treatment for solid rare earth accelerant according to claim 8 is characterized in that the solid rare earth accelerant coating of particles is: circle, ellipse, garden cheese, cylindrical, olive shape, square, rectangular cylindricality or multi-edge column-shaped.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101831604A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2010-09-15 | 成都伍田机械技术有限责任公司 | Nitride salt for bath nitriding |
| CN102352502A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-02-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Thermal diffusing permeation method of inorganic rare earth molten salt on surface of magnesium alloy |
| CN103526153A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-01-22 | 山东科技大学 | Nitriding method |
| CN103834915A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2014-06-04 | 四川中物泰沃新材料有限公司 | Method of improving corrosion resistance of oil tube |
| CN103882373A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-06-25 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | Lanthanum-nitrogen co-penetration rare earth penetration activator |
| CN104404533A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-11 | 牡丹江市林海石油打捞工具有限公司 | Heat treatment process for fishing tool made of 20CrNi2Mo steel |
| CN105839047A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-10 | 福建大统铁路精密装备股份有限公司 | Zincizing infiltrated layer corrosion resistance process for metal |
| CN109234671A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-18 | 汉德车桥(株洲)齿轮有限公司 | The main driven bevel gear of rare-earth carburizer and preparation method thereof, commercial axle and its heat treatment method |
| CN112662988A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-16 | 广州市机电工业研究所 | Carburizing and infiltration accelerating process for alloy steel |
| CN114351081A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-15 | 江西瑞鼎精密传动有限公司 | Machining method of wear-resistant gear for miniature speed reducer |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1020762C (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1993-05-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Infultrant for solid rare-earth chemico-thermal treatment |
| CN1061443A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1992-05-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Process of low temperature and high concentration gaseous carburizing of rare-earth elements |
| CN1025225C (en) * | 1991-11-23 | 1994-06-29 | 山东工业大学 | Ionic nitridation technology with rare earth catalytic permeating |
-
2006
- 2006-01-24 CN CNB2006100096654A patent/CN100363528C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101831604B (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2012-01-25 | 成都伍田机械技术有限责任公司 | Nitride salt for bath nitriding |
| CN101831604A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2010-09-15 | 成都伍田机械技术有限责任公司 | Nitride salt for bath nitriding |
| CN102352502A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-02-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Thermal diffusing permeation method of inorganic rare earth molten salt on surface of magnesium alloy |
| CN103526153A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-01-22 | 山东科技大学 | Nitriding method |
| CN103834915A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2014-06-04 | 四川中物泰沃新材料有限公司 | Method of improving corrosion resistance of oil tube |
| CN103882373B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2017-01-18 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | Lanthanum-nitrogen co-penetration rare earth penetration activator |
| CN103882373A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-06-25 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | Lanthanum-nitrogen co-penetration rare earth penetration activator |
| CN104404533A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-11 | 牡丹江市林海石油打捞工具有限公司 | Heat treatment process for fishing tool made of 20CrNi2Mo steel |
| CN105839047A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-10 | 福建大统铁路精密装备股份有限公司 | Zincizing infiltrated layer corrosion resistance process for metal |
| CN109234671A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-18 | 汉德车桥(株洲)齿轮有限公司 | The main driven bevel gear of rare-earth carburizer and preparation method thereof, commercial axle and its heat treatment method |
| CN112662988A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-16 | 广州市机电工业研究所 | Carburizing and infiltration accelerating process for alloy steel |
| CN114351081A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-15 | 江西瑞鼎精密传动有限公司 | Machining method of wear-resistant gear for miniature speed reducer |
| CN114351081B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-11-07 | 江西瑞鼎精密传动有限公司 | Processing method of wear-resistant gear for miniature speed reducer |
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