CN1803715A - Method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1803715A CN1803715A CN 200610031189 CN200610031189A CN1803715A CN 1803715 A CN1803715 A CN 1803715A CN 200610031189 CN200610031189 CN 200610031189 CN 200610031189 A CN200610031189 A CN 200610031189A CN 1803715 A CN1803715 A CN 1803715A
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Abstract
The disclosed preparation method for SiCf/SiC composite material comprises: selecting Polycarbosilane as predecessor and domestic continual silicon carbide fiber as reinforcement phase; preparing SiC coating on SiC fiber surface; then, preparing SiCf/SiC composite material with predecessor immersion and crack technique; finally, preparing an integral anti-oxidation coating on material surface. This invention needs only simple device and short production period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of inorganic nonmetallic material, be specifically related to a kind of method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material.
Background technology
Silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide (SiC
f/ SiC) matrix material is along with development of modern science and technology is arisen at the historic moment, and the wide world of another kind has been opened up in its development that appears as modern science and technology self.Silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material has specific tenacity and specific modulus height, high-temperature behavior is good, dimensional stability is good, nonhygroscopic, not aging, use reliable, good antifatigue and creep resistance and advantage such as heat conduction and electroconductibility preferably have very big application potential at aspects such as aerospace, motor car engine and nuclear industry fields.
At present, the preparation method for continuous fiber reinforced composite materials mainly contains mud method of impregnation, sol-gel method, precursor conversion method, fusion Infiltration Technics, chemical vapor infiltration/depositing operation and reaction sintering etc.Wherein, polymeric preceramic body conversion method and chemical vapor infiltration/depositing operation is used more extensive.Silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide (SiC
f/ SiC) matrix material, reaction sintering can influence the performance of silicon carbide fiber owing to need to add sintering aid sintering under High Temperature High Pressure; Having excessive free silicon in the material of fusion Infiltration Technics preparation exists; And the chemical vapor infiltration prepared cycle is long, cost is high.In addition, because existing homemade silicon carbide fiber performance also has gap than external product, with the SiC of method for preparing
fThe mechanical property of/SiC matrix material and antioxidant property are all lower, also have further to improve and development space.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of is precursor with the Polycarbosilane, with homemade continuous carbofrax fibre is wild phase, at first adopt chemical vapor deposition method on the silicon carbide fiber surface, to prepare coat of silicon carbide, adopt precursor infiltration and pyrolysis prepared silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide (SiC then
f/ SiC) matrix material prepares the combination technological method of whole inoxidzable coating, the SiC of this method preparation at last at composite material surface
f/ SiC composite materials property excellence, antioxidant property improve greatly, and it is simple to have equipment requirements simultaneously, the characteristics that preparation cycle is short.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to solve the problems of the technologies described above:
A kind of method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material is characterized in that the steps include: 1) silicon carbide fiber surface SiC coating; 2) silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material prefabricated component moulding; 3) organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis legal system is equipped with silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material.
The present invention also can be with the whole inoxidzable coating of gained composite material surface.Wherein:
1) silicon carbide fiber surface carborundum coating: silicon carbide fiber is positioned over carries out chemical vapour deposition in the vacuum oven.Processing parameter: depositing temperature is 900-1300 ℃; Diluent gas: (flow is 120～600ml/min) to argon gas; Deposition pressure: 0.1～10kPa; Depositing time: 1～100h.
2) silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material prefabricated component hot compression molding: silicon carbide micro-powder, Polycarbosilane and dimethylbenzene ratio are 2～3: 4: 4～5 ball milling mixture is that slurry is brushed in fiber surface, afterwards it is placed in air and dry and the dicing lamination is arranged and put into graphite jig, under 150～200 ℃, the pressure of 5～20MPa, keep 3～5min, then cooling and demolding;
3) organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis legal system is equipped with silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material: adopt the Stainless Steel via Precursor Pyrolysis silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material, used precursor is a Polycarbosilane, earlier the base substrate after the moulding is carried out Pintsch process, then with after the cleaning of split product with Polycarbosilane: the solution of dimethylbenzene=50: 50 (wt%) is that steeping liq carries out high-pressure impregnation, repeat this process 8～15 times, the cracked top temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, sets up between heat preservation zone at 400-500 ℃ and 550-700 ℃ of two temperature sections in the temperature-rise period; The pressure of high-pressure impregnation is 3-6MPa, and the time is 1～24h;
4) the whole inoxidzable coating of composite material surface: adopt by B
4C, MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3With 3～6: 2～5: 1～6: the mixed powder that 1～6 proportioning is formed; as the protection against oxidation layer; be positioned in the container after an amount of organic adhesion agent and solvent are prepared into slurry adding behind the abundant ball milling of mixed powder; the sample bar of well cutting is carried out vacuum impregnation 0.5～10h in slurry, sample carries out drying after taking out.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1) product mechanical property excellence: the SiC of the technology of the present invention preparation
f/ SiC matrix material has excellent mechanical property, even adopt homemade KD-1 type silicon carbide fiber, prepared matrix material room temperature flexural strength is greater than 700MPa, and fracture toughness property is greater than 26MPam
1/2Through to coated fibre and not coated fibre scanned photograph and the scanned photograph that material and the technology of the present invention of in the past organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis method preparation prepared material and the contrast discovery of mechanical performance data: after the coating fiber surface situation be improved significantly, obviously become smooth primary crackle and hole of fiber surface filled and led up; The matrix material microtexture of the technology of the present invention preparation and mechanical property obviously are superior to the SiC of employing organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis method preparation in the past
f/ SiC matrix material.
2) the product antioxidant property is good: the SiC of the technology of the present invention preparation
f/ SiC matrix material has excellent antioxidant property.Through the contrast of performance data, fiber energy spectrum analysis and scanned photograph before and after the material oxidation of the material of in the past organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis method preparation and the technology of the present invention preparation is found: the material microcosmic of the technology of the present invention preparation is formed and various aspects of performance is far smaller than the SiC of organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis method preparation in the variation before and after the oxidation
f/ SiC matrix material.This explanation adopts the compound material antioxygenic property of the technology of the present invention preparation that very big improvement has been arranged.
3) equipment requirements is simple: the technology of the present invention method is comparatively simple to the requirement of equipment, and equipment used mainly contains high-temperature cracking furnace and vacuum and high pressure steeping device etc.Environmentally safe in the preparation process.
4) preparation cycle is short: the technology of the present invention prepares SiC
fThe cycle of/SiC matrix material is no more than 28 days.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a stereoscan photograph before and after the silicon carbide fiber chemical vapor deposited coatings;
Wherein A is a stereoscan photograph before the silicon carbide fiber chemical vapor deposited coatings, and B is a stereoscan photograph before and after the silicon carbide fiber chemical vapor deposited coatings
Fig. 2 is SiC after the oxide treatment
f/ SiC matrix material boundary scan electromicroscopic photograph;
Wherein A is that material surface does not have Bulk coat SiC
fBoundary scan electromicroscopic photograph after the/SiC matrix material oxide treatment, B are that material surface has Bulk coat SiC
fBoundary scan electromicroscopic photograph after the/SiC matrix material oxide treatment
Fig. 3 is SiC after the oxide treatment
f/ SiC composite inner stereoscan photograph;
Wherein A is that material surface does not have Bulk coat SiC
fInner scanning electromicroscopic photograph after the/SiC matrix material oxide treatment, B are that material surface has Bulk coat SiC
fInner scanning electromicroscopic photograph after the/SiC matrix material oxide treatment
Embodiment
1) silicon carbide fiber surface carborundum coating
In FRCMC and since the unsticking that exists fiber with energy consume mechanism such as extract, FRCMC has mechanical property preferably, and toughness is preferably particularly arranged.The unsticking of fiber and extract with the interfacial characteristics between fiber and matrix closely relatedly, the composite material interface of excellent properties must satisfy following primary condition: making has good physical compatibility and chemical compatibility between fiber and matrix, the two bonding strength is moderate.
According to above requirement, adopt chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide prepared fiber coat.Processing parameter in the coating procedure has determined the performance of coat of silicon carbide, and the thickness of coating, homogeneity, compactness influence the performance of material: if too thin, lack of homogeneity, density are low, little to the provide protection of fiber, toughening effect is poor; If instead too thick, density is too high, can cause the toughness of fiber to descend, and also causes detrimentally affect; Just help the raising of material property when only moderate at thickness, density is high.The processing parameter that influences these performances has: depositing temperature, setting-out position, diluent gas type and flow, deposition pressure and depositing time etc.
1. depositing temperature
The purpose of this step is to prepare fine and close polycrystal Beta one coat of silicon carbide.
2. setting-out position
Because the concentration of different positions gas under different processing condition can there are differences in the vacuum oven sedimentary province, will influence the homogeneity of deposited coatings.Among the present invention fiberboard vertically is placed on the same deposition effect location in the burner hearth, helps the homogeneity of the fiber coat on fiberboard two sides.
3. diluent gas
Diluent gas is used for regulating the concentration of unstripped gas, also can be influential to the deposition process of chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating.The present invention with argon gas as diluent gas.
4. deposition pressure
Chemical vapour deposition can be carried out under normal pressure, also can carry out under negative pressure, and the present invention carries out the coat of silicon carbide deposition under condition of negative pressure.Control the size of vacuum pump pumping speed by the preposition butterfly valve of vacuum pump, thereby control the size of deposition pressure, the deposition pressure scope is 0.1～10kPa.
5. depositing time
Chemical vapor deposition processes is a process of being separated out the solid precipitation thing by gas phase, and the centre had both related to chemical reaction, relates to crystal growth again, so be subjected to the influence of depositing time very big.
2) the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis legal system is equipped with SiC
f/ SiC matrix material
At first with silicon carbide micro-powder, Polycarbosilane and dimethylbenzene by the mixed of 3: 4: 5 (wt%), put into ball grinder ball milling 24h and obtain the heavy-gravity slurry, with the slurry brushing through twining after the chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating on the fiber surface onboard.Take out sample afterwards and put into graphite jig, under 150～200 ℃, the pressure of 5～20MPa, keep 3～5min, in air suitably after the cooling again the demoulding obtain sample.Next, adopt precursor infiltration and pyrolysis technology that it is carried out densification.
3) composite material surface inoxidzable coating
The basic function of oxidation resistant coating is that body material and outside oxidizing atmosphere are isolated.To realize its isolation features effectively, the oxidation resistant coating system must satisfy some basic demands: a). and coated material is stable in the protection temperature range, coating system and matrix composite have good bonding effect, at high temperature do not peel off between coating and matrix and coating and the coating or do not separate; B). close thermal expansivity (CTE) is arranged between coated material and matrix; C). the spread coefficient of oxygen and carbon is low; D). good chemistry and mechanical compatibility are arranged between coated material and matrix; E). when matrix material uses as the elevated temperature heat structure unit, can be subjected to the erosion of high temperature gas flow usually, therefore, inoxidzable coating material must have good anti-erosion property.
According to above analysis and requirement, the present invention adopts by B
4C, MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3The mixed powder of forming is as the protection against oxidation layer.When low temperature by B
4C plays a role, during high temperature then by MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3Deng playing a role, make coating system can in bigger temperature range, realize self-healing function, bring into play effective anti-oxidation protection effect.
Be positioned in the container after an amount of organic adhesion agent and solvent are prepared into slurry adding behind the abundant ball milling of mixed powder, the sample bar of well cutting is immersed in the slurry, in order to make slurry fully infiltrate in the sample, vacuumize, time is 1～5h, then sample is taken out and be positioned over drying in the baking oven, 50～150 ℃ of temperature.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: silicon carbide fiber coating.Fiber is wrapped on the flat board of having pasted release paper, will notes planarization, the compactness of fiber in the winding process, the fiber tensity is suitable.Then flat board being put into chemical vapor deposition stove deposits.The deposition raw material is that precursor is trichloromethyl silane (MTS), and depositing temperature is 1000 ℃; Carrier gas H
2Flow 100ml/min, diluting gas flow are 200ml/min); Deposition pressure: 0.4kPa; Depositing time: 4h.
Step 2:SiC
f/ SiC matrix material prefabricated component hot compression molding.Silicon carbide micro-powder, Polycarbosilane and dimethylbenzene by the mixed of 2: 4: 4 (wt%), are put into ball grinder ball milling 18h and are obtained the heavy-gravity slurry, with the slurry brushing through twining after the CVD SiC coating on the fiber surface onboard.After having brushed sample placed at air and dries, be cut to sheet and lamination is arranged, put into special-purpose mould and heat at baking oven, 170 ℃ of Heating temperatures, heat-up time 10min.Take out sample and put into press, with the exert pressure of 10MPa, the 3min that keep-ups pressure, equitemperature suitably reduction extrude sample from mould, the demoulding again after suitably cooling off in air.
Step 3: adopt polycarbosilane precusor infiltration pyrolysis conversion method to prepare SiC
f/ SiC matrix material.Earlier molded material is carried out Pintsch process, then with after the surface-conditioning of split product with PCS: the solution of dimethylbenzene=50: 50 (wt%) is that steeping liq carries out high-pressure impregnation, repeats this process 5～15 times.The cracked top temperature is 1000 ℃, sets up between heat preservation zone at 400 ℃ and 700 ℃ of two temperature sections in the temperature-rise period; The pressure of high-pressure impregnation is 5MPa, and the time is 10h.
The preparation of step 4 composite material surface inoxidzable coating.With B
4C, MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3With 3: 1: 3: add behind the abundant ball milling of mixed powder that 3 proportioning is formed and be positioned in the container after an amount of organic adhesion agent and solvent are prepared into slurry, the sample bar of well cutting is immersed in the slurry vacuumizes, the time was 1h.At last sample is taken out and be positioned over drying in the baking oven, 100 ℃ of temperature.
Mechanical property before and after the prepared matrix material oxidation of embodiment 1 sees Table 1.
Bending strength before and after the table 1 embodiment 1 prepared matrix material oxidation
| Art breading | Intensity (MPa) before the oxidation | Intensity after the oxidation | The minimizing ratio |
| The whole no coating CVD-0 material surface integral body of CVD-0 material surface has the whole no coating CVD-4 material surface of coating CVD-4 material surface that Bulk coat is arranged | 326.35 326.35 701.09 701.09 | 50.41 81.75 546.57 649.56 | 84.55 74.95 22.05 7.35 |
Wherein, on behalf of fiber surface, CVD-0 do not have coating; On behalf of fiber surface, CVD-4 prepared the chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating, and depositing time is 4h.
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph before and after the fiber coat technology, the fiber surface situation that contrasts after the coating as can be seen is significantly improved: fiber obviously becomes smooth, primary crackle and hole are filled up, crackle reduces, the defective of fiber surface obtains because of the existence of coating repairing, this for fiber from matrix inside the condition that provides is provided in a large number, for the mechanical property and the antioxidant property that improve material are laid a good foundation.
With no fiber coat with have the matrix material of fiber coat to be cut into respectively that the standard test specimen bar is made top coat simultaneously and oxidation 2 hours under 1000 ℃ of air ambients in retort furnace, measure its flexural strength afterwards, the result is as shown in table 1.Matrix material behind the fiber coat and the matrix material ratio that does not carry out fiber coat, performance reduces amplitude and obviously reduces, the fiber not strength of materials of coating has reduced by 84.55%, and the strength of materials of having carried out fiber coat has only reduced by 22.05%, illustrates that fiber coat has greatly improved to the antioxidant property of material.
6) the composite material surface Bulk coat is to effect of material performance
The photo of Fig. 2 edge of materials for the cated matrix material process Bulk coat of fiber surface with after not passing through the Bulk coat oxidation, cated material appearance has one deck to have the material of metalluster, and this is because contain MoSi in its composition
2Because reaction has taken place for coating and oxygen, has consumed oxygen, the protective membrane that the product after the simultaneous oxidation forms one deck sealing stops the further oxidation of oxygen to material internal, and the material surface coating is significantly improved to the material antioxidant property.
As seen from Figure 3, the fracture of the matrix material of no integral surface coating is more smooth, almost do not have fiber and extract, and cated composite fiber is extracted clearly, and this explanation Bulk coat remains with very big contribution to the intensity of fiber.Theoretically, the oxidative attack of FRCMC is at first from the surface: zones such as the hole on surface and fiber interface are stronger to the absorption and the response capacity of oxygen molecule, become the active site of oxidizing reaction, these easy adsorption of oxygen in active site position also produce oxidizing reaction.The pottery degree of body material is poor than the SiC fiber, and these interfibrous non-crystalline state carbon-coatings have bigger tendency to oxidize, are easy to form defective than silicon carbide, for the rapid diffusion of oxygen provides passage, makes oxidising process preferentially take place at matrix.Along with hole, air gap deepen greatly, matrix silicon carbide is oxidized gradually to be fallen.Oxidation under the higher temperature shows as the radially erosion of SiC fiber self.Like this, when the frictional belt of oxygen attack matrix material, just begin to take place reaction like " slide fastener ", be accompanied by the diffusion of physical adsorption, surface reaction, interfacial layer, by the surface to inside, destroyed to fiber up to whole material system by matrix.
The stability of the mechanical property of matrix material depends on the stability of its The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes, and the biggest factor that influences the silicon carbide ceramics stability of fiber is to contain a large amount of unstable phases in the fiber.As long as there is oxygen to be present in the fiber, this unstable phase will occur, and causes forming silicon oxide layer at fiber surface and has defectives such as hole owing to decompose, and causes a large amount of intrusions of oxygen, makes the decline of its mechanical property, so the decline of intensity is inevitable.But the chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating is quite fine and close and with fiber good interface interaction is arranged, and can protect fiber effectively, stops the reaction between oxygen and the fiber, thereby has guaranteed the excellent properties of matrix material to a great extent.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: silicon carbide fiber coating.Fiber is wrapped on the flat board of having pasted release paper, and flat board is put into chemical vapor deposition stove deposits.The deposition raw material is trichloromethyl silane (MTS), and depositing temperature is 1050 ℃; Carrier gas H
2Flow 100ml/min, diluting gas flow are 200ml/min); Deposition pressure: 0.4kPa; Depositing time: 8h.
Step 2:SiC
fThe moulding of/SiC matrix material prefabricated component.With silicon carbide micro-powder, Polycarbosilane and dimethylbenzene according to 2:4: the mixed of 4 (wt%), put into ball grinder ball milling 18h and obtain the heavy-gravity slurry, with the slurry brushing through twining after the CVD SiC coating on the fiber surface onboard.The fiber of having brushed slurry is placed 3h and is dried in air, carry out the brushing second time, repeats to brush 2 times.After having brushed sample placed at air and dries, be cut to sheet and lamination is arranged, put into special-purpose mould and heat at baking oven, 170 ℃ of Heating temperatures, heat-up time 10min.Take out sample and put into press, with the exert pressure of 10MPa, the 3min that keep-ups pressure, the demoulding again behind the cool to room temperature in air.
Step 3: adopt polycarbosilane precusor infiltration pyrolysis conversion method to prepare SiC
f/ SiC matrix material.Earlier molded material is carried out Pintsch process, then with after the surface-conditioning of split product with PCS: the solution of dimethylbenzene=50: 50 (wt%) is that steeping liq carries out high-pressure impregnation, repeats this process 10 times.The cracked top temperature is 1000 ℃, sets up between heat preservation zone at 450 ℃ of temperature sections in the temperature-rise period; The pressure of high-pressure impregnation is 5MPa, and the time is 10h.
Step 4: the preparation of material surface inoxidzable coating.With B
4C, MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3With 3: 1: 3: add behind the abundant ball milling of mixed powder that 3 proportioning is formed and be positioned in the container after an amount of organic adhesion agent and solvent are prepared into slurry, the sample bar of well cutting is immersed in the slurry vacuumizes, the time was about 1h.At last sample is taken out and be positioned over drying in the baking oven, 100 ℃ of temperature.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: silicon carbide fiber coating.Fiber is wrapped on the flat board of having pasted release paper, and flat board is put into chemical vapor deposition stove deposits.Flat board is put into chemical vapor deposition stove deposit, the deposition raw material is that precursor is trichloromethyl silane (MTS), and depositing temperature is 1100 ℃; Carrier gas H
2Flow 100ml/min, diluting gas flow are 200ml/min); Deposition pressure: 0.4kPa; Depositing time: 12h.
Step 2:SiC
fThe moulding of/SiC matrix material prefabricated component.With silicon carbide micro-powder, Polycarbosilane and dimethylbenzene mixed according to 3: 4: 5 (wt%), put into ball grinder ball milling 18h and obtain the heavy-gravity slurry, with the slurry brushing through twining after the CVD SiC coating on the fiber surface onboard.The fiber of having brushed slurry is placed 3h and is dried in air, carry out the brushing second time, repeats to brush 2 times.After having brushed sample placed at air and dry, be cut to sheet and lamination is arranged, put into special-purpose mould and heat 170 ℃ of Heating temperatures, heat-up time 10 at baking oven.Take out sample and put into press, with the exert pressure of 10MPa, the 3min that keep-ups pressure, the demoulding again behind the cool to room temperature in air.
Step 3: adopt polycarbosilane precusor infiltration pyrolysis conversion method to prepare SiC
f/ SiC matrix material.Earlier molded material is carried out Pintsch process, then with after the surface-conditioning of split product with PCS: the solution of dimethylbenzene=50: 50 (wt%) is that steeping liq carries out high-pressure impregnation, repeats this process 10 times.The cracked top temperature is 1000 ℃, sets up between heat preservation zone at 400 ℃ and 700 ℃ of two temperature sections in the temperature-rise period; The pressure of high-pressure impregnation is 5MPa, and the time is 10h.
Step 4: the preparation of material surface inoxidzable coating.With B
4C, MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3With 3: 1: 3: add behind the abundant ball milling of mixed powder that 3 proportioning is formed and be positioned in the container after an amount of organic adhesion agent and solvent are prepared into slurry, the sample bar of well cutting is immersed in the slurry vacuumizes, the time was about 1h.At last sample is taken out and be positioned over drying in the baking oven, 100 ℃ of temperature.
The mechanical property of the matrix material that embodiment 1,2,3 is prepared sees Table 2.
The bending strength of table 2 matrix material and fracture toughness property
| The fiber coat time (hour) | Bending strength (MPa) | K 1c(MPa.m 1/2) |
| 0 4 8 12 | 326.35 701.09 310.20 197.13 | 5.53 26.55 9.73 8.51 |
Wherein, on behalf of fiber surface, CVD-0 do not have coating; On behalf of fiber surface, CVD-4 prepared the chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating, and depositing time is 4h; On behalf of fiber surface, CVD-8 prepared the chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating, and depositing time is 8h; On behalf of fiber surface, CVD-12 prepared the chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coating, and depositing time is 12h.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material is characterized in that the steps include: 1) silicon carbide fiber surface SiC coating; 2) silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material prefabricated component hot compression molding; 3) organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis legal system is equipped with silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material.
2, method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described silicon carbide fiber surface SiC coating process is: silicon carbide fiber is positioned over carries out chemical vapour deposition in the vacuum oven, processing parameter: depositing temperature is 900-1300 ℃; Setting-out position: vertically be positioned over same deposition effect location in the burner hearth; Diluent gas: (flow is 120～600ml/min) to argon gas; Deposition pressure: 0.1～10kPa; Depositing time: 1～100h.
3, method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material prefabricated component hot compression molding technology is: silicon carbide micro-powder, Polycarbosilane and dimethylbenzene ratio are 2～3: 4: 4～5 ball milling mixture is that slurry is brushed in fiber surface, afterwards it is placed in air and dry and the dicing lamination is arranged and put into graphite jig, under 150～200 ℃, the pressure of 5～20MPa, keep 3～5min, then cooling and demolding.
4, method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described organic precursor method infiltration pyrolysis legal system is equipped with silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material technology and is: adopt the Stainless Steel via Precursor Pyrolysis silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material, used precursor is a Polycarbosilane, earlier the base substrate after the moulding is carried out Pintsch process, then with after the cleaning of split product with Polycarbosilane: the solution of dimethylbenzene=50: 50 (wt%) is that steeping liq carries out high-pressure impregnation, repeat this process 5～15 times, the cracked top temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, sets up between heat preservation zone at 400-500 ℃ and 550-700 ℃ of two temperature sections in the temperature-rise period; The pressure of high-pressure impregnation is 3-6MPa, and the time is 1～24h.
5,, it is characterized in that the whole inoxidzable coating of gained composite material surface according to claim 1 or 4 described method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material.
6, method for preparing silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material according to claim 5 is characterized in that the whole inoxidzable coating technology of described composite material surface is: adopt by B
4C, MoSi
2, SiC, Y
2O
3With 3～6: 2～5: 1～6: the mixed powder that 1～6 proportioning is formed; as the protection against oxidation layer; be positioned in the container after an amount of organic adhesion agent and solvent are prepared into slurry adding behind the abundant ball milling of mixed powder; the sample bar of well cutting is carried out vacuum impregnation 0.5～10h in slurry, sample carries out drying after taking out.
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