CN1803602A - Method for preparing brucite fiber reinforced SiO2 aerogel heat-insulating material - Google Patents

Method for preparing brucite fiber reinforced SiO2 aerogel heat-insulating material Download PDF

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CN1803602A
CN1803602A CN 200510124588 CN200510124588A CN1803602A CN 1803602 A CN1803602 A CN 1803602A CN 200510124588 CN200510124588 CN 200510124588 CN 200510124588 A CN200510124588 A CN 200510124588A CN 1803602 A CN1803602 A CN 1803602A
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brucite fiber
glue
insulating material
brucite
fiber
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CN100386260C (en
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刘开平
梁庆宣
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Changan University
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Changan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for brucite fiber reinforcement SiO2 aerogel heat insulating material. Wherein, with industrial water glass or silicasol and natural brucite staple fiber as material, using high-energy ball grinding and chemical dispersion method to realize size refining for inorganic opacifier and even distribution before sol solidification; splitting the natural brucite staple fiber into nano diameter with chemical dispesion method as reinforcing material. This invention overcomes the volume shrinkage problem by substituting solvent and hydrophobisation treatment and fiber reinforcement. The materila has density as 0.20~0.50g/cm3 and thermal conductivity factor as 0.010~0.030w/m*k.

Description

Brucite fiber strengthens SiO 2The preparation method of aerogel heat-insulating material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of inorganic non-metallic based composites, the fibre-reinforced SiO of particularly a kind of natural brucite 2The preparation method of inorganic aerogels lagging material.
Background technology
Compare with traditional thermal insulation inorganic material, inorganic aerogels is a kind of novel super insulating material, it is by the mutual coalescent nanoporous network structure that forms of colloidal inorganic particle, and in hole, be full of a kind of lightweight amorphous solid-state material of gaseous state dispersion medium, have that density is low, specific surface area is big, porosity is high, the aperture is little and characteristics such as narrow distribution.Because the thermal conduction and the thermal convection of lagging material are all relevant with the material structure yardstick, when the hole in the material and structure dimension reach nanometer scale, when particularly the yardstick of material mesoporosity is less than the mean free path (about 70nm) of air molecule, the thermal motion of molecule is subjected to very big constraint, thermal conduction and thermal convection effect descend significantly, and the heat-proof quality of material has greatly improved.Therefore, the nanoporous network structure of aerogel can suppress solid-state and gaseous state thermal conduction effectively, be at present known to the minimum a kind of solid material of thermal conductivity in the inorganic materials.Aerogel particular structure characteristic makes it have many peculiar physicalies, have great application potential and tempting application prospect in fields such as the energy, information, environmental protection, medicine, agricultural chemicals, metallurgy, catalysis, building and scientific experiments, cause the great attention of countries in the world, begun to be applied to many key areas such as space flight, military affairs, high energy physics, catalyzer.
The shortcoming of inorganic aerogels maximum is that intensity is low, fragility is big; Under very little stress, inorganic aerogels will destroy.In recent years, many progress have been obtained round problems such as improving aerogel intensity.One of comparison effective means that wherein improves aerogel intensity is to add inorganic fibre or web material before gel formation, solidifies the back and forms fibre reinforced composites.This method strengthens aerogel with inorganic/organic composite structure aerogel or organic fibre to be compared, and the use temperature of material is higher; Compare with the method that improves the intensity of inorganic aerogels by thermal treatment, the toughness of material improves obviously; With the inorganic aerogels particulate add tackiness agent and fiber again the preparation method of compacting sintering compare, fiber is distribution uniform in aerogel, heat-proof quality is good.But inorganic reinforcing fiber commonly used in this method moulding mainly is a glass fibre, and not only price height, and fiber is thicker, and Fibre diameter generally reaches micron order, and heat-proof quality is bad.Also have in the progress and mention mineral fibre, but the length that requires fiber is greater than 1 centimetre, such mineral fibre price is also high.In addition, natural mineral fiber generally is the form output of fibrous bundle, tight bond between fiber, the commodity mineral fibre that adopts in the application is only split branch by machinery, it is used diameter and is generally micron order, and not only heat-proof quality is bad, and enhancement also is difficult to effectively be brought into play.
The another one shortcoming of inorganic aerogels is lower to the blocking capability of high temperature heat radiation.In order to solve the high temperature heat radiation heat transfer problem, conventional practice is to add opalizer in the aerogel matrix.The granularity of opalizer is generally also bigger, and is difficult to realize homodisperse in the aerogel matrix, therefore, influences the heat-proof quality of aerogel nanostructure.
At present, the preparation of China's aerogel is many to be the silicon source with silicoorganic compound, expensive raw material price; Carry out the product drying with supercritical drying in the preparation, the equipment requirements height, energy consumption is big, and processing condition are complicated harsh, make the preparation cost of aerogel very high.All of these factors taken together has all hindered the large-scale promotion application of aerogel.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of brucite fiber and strengthen SiO 2The preparation method of aerogel heat-insulating material can guarantee the heat-proof quality of material when improving aerogel material intensity, reduce the preparation cost of material, gives full play to the advantage of material nano structure.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the present invention is undertaken by following step:
At first, adopting the service water glass glue of industry silicasol liquid or process ion exchange treatment is siliceous glue, add tap water, add-on is the 10-30% of siliceous glue quality, add chemical dispersant then, the chemical dispersant consumption is inorganic sunscreen and brucite fiber total amount quality 10wt%-25wt%, adds inorganic sunscreen again, and the inorganic sunscreen consumption is the 2wt%-20wt% of siliceous glue quality:
Secondly, the siliceous glue that adds chemical dispersant and inorganic sunscreen is carried out ball milling, the high-energy ball milling time is 0.5-2 hour, makes inorganic sunscreen levigate and be dispersed in the siliceous glue;
Then, add brucite fiber, the brucite fiber consumption is the 5wt%-10wt% of siliceous glue quality, with brucite fiber making beating stirring in turbine mixer in siliceous glue, time is 0.5-1.0 hour, makes brucite fiber obtain splitting branch and dispersion after making beating is stirred;
At last, glue after the making beating is carried out injection molding and is heating and curing, the temperature that is heating and curing is 30-50 ℃, solidifying the back is washed to neutrality, soaked 24-48 hour with inorganic ethanol liquid subsequently cured product with distilled water, flood through organic silicon solution again, dipping time 10-30 minute, 50-65 ℃ of drying obtained brucite fiber enhancing SiO under normal pressure at last 2Aerogel heat-insulating material.
The brucite fiber fiber is the staple fibre of length less than 5mm.
Chemical dispersant is meant sodium stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate or 1,2-dibutyl naphthalene-6-sodium sulfonate.
Inorganic sunscreen is meant TiO 2, Fe 3O 4, carbon black or ZrO 2
With inorganic siliceous glue and natural brucite staple fibre is the main preparation raw material of aerogel, to reduce raw materials cost; By the inorganic sunscreen granularity refinement and in material structure homodisperse, to reduce the influence of thermal radiation to the material heat-proof quality; By the natural brucite fibrous bundle split be divided into nanometer grade diameter and with it as strongthener, to improve the intensity of aerogel material; By the volumetric shrinkage problem in solvent exchange, hydrophobic processing and the fibre-reinforced method solution material normal pressure drying, to simplify preparation technology and equipment.
The inorganic siliceous glue that the present invention adopts is the commercially available industry silicasol liquid or the service water glass glue of process ion exchange treatment, compares with organosilicon raw materials such as tetraethoxy commonly used, and wide material sources, cheap.
Brucite fiber is a kind of harmless mineral fibre, and main component is Mg (OH) 2, be the advantage Mineral resources of China.Brucite fiber has excellent mechanical property and water-dispersion performance, has good consistency and bonding strength with silicate material.Brucite fiber is the form output of mineral aggregate, though the commodity brucite fiber through the mining machinery shredding, but still is the state of fibrous bundle, diameter is generally micron order.As strongthener, the long value height of fiber in the brucite fiber commercial grade, staple fibre then using value is lower.The present invention adopts the staple fibre of staple length less than 5mm, and is cheap.In application, the present invention is by splitting branch with the making beating of brucite staple fibre in containing the inorganic siliceous glue of chemical dispersant, make the Fibre diameter refinement reach nano level, improved the length-to-diameter ratio of staple fibre, and realized its homodisperse in siliceous glue, not only do not influence the heat-proof quality of material, and can bring into play the enhancement of fiber effectively.In addition, in siliceous glue was heating and curing process, the oligodynamical of brucite fiber can also promote the gelling of colloidal sol to solidify.
In order to realize the constant pressure and dry of aerogel, the present invention, carries out surperficial hydrophobic with organosilicon moisture repellent to the gelling solid and handles as the strongthener of aerogel, replace the bigger aqueous solvent of surface tension in the siliceous glue porous cured body hole with the less anhydrous ethanol solvent of surface tension with the nano level brucite fiber.Like this, not only strengthen the mechanical property of product, and solved contraction, cracking and avalanche problem, technology and the simplified equipment of product in the constant pressure and dry process well.The aerogel material that finally makes has excellent hydrophobic property, and density is 0.20~0.50g/cm 3, thermal conductivity is 0.010~0.030w/mk.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
At industrial TiO through adding water glass glue quality 10% in the water glass glue of ion-exchange 2Powder, 30% tap water, and chemical dispersant is brucite fiber and TiO 2The Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate of quality summation 15%, is poured in the stirrer ball milling 1.5 hours, adds the brucite fiber of the length of water glass glue quality 6% less than 5mm, after half hour is stirred in making beating, injects metal die, 40 ℃ down heating until curing.With distilled water cured body is washed to neutrality then, used soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol again 48 hours, then flooded 10 minutes in commercially available organic silicon solution, 55 ℃ of dryings obtain product under normal pressure at last.Product does not have volumetric shrinkage, and hydrophobicity is good, and density is 0.21g/cm 3, thermal conductivity is 0.012W/M.K.
Embodiment two
The industrial Fe that in the commercially available industry silicasol liquid of solid content 25%, adds silica sol liquid quality 5% 3O 4Powder, 10% tap water, and brucite fiber and Fe 3O 4The sodium diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate of quality summation 20%, ball milling 2 hours is poured in the stirrer, adds the brucite fiber of the length of silica sol liquid quality 9% less than 5mm, and making beating was stirred after 1 hour, injected mould, and heating is until curing under 50 ℃.Be washed to neutrality with distilled water then, used soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol again 36 hours, then flooded 20 minutes with organosilicon, last 65 ℃ of following constant pressure and dries obtain product.Product does not have volumetric shrinkage, and hydrophobicity is good, and density is 0.43g/cm 3, thermal conductivity is 0.025W/M.K.
Embodiment three
At industrial TiO through adding water glass glue quality 15% in the water glass glue of ion-exchange 2Powder, 20% tap water, and brucite fiber and TiO 2The sodium lauryl sulphate of quality summation 25%, is poured in the stirrer ball milling 1 hour, adds the brucite fiber of the length of water glass glue quality 7.5% less than 5mm, and making beating was stirred after 1 hour, injected mould, 35 ℃ down heating until curing.With distilled water cured body is washed to neutrality then, used soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol again 48 hours, then flooded 30 minutes, obtain product at 60 ℃ of following constant pressure and dries at last with commercially available organic silicon solution.Product does not have volumetric shrinkage, and hydrophobicity is good, and density is 0.40g/cm 3, thermal conductivity is 0.020W/M.K.
Embodiment four
In the process water glass glue of ion-exchange, add the industrial carbon black powder of water glass glue quality 20%, 25% tap water, and the sodium stearate of brucite fiber and carbon black quality summation 20%, ball milling 2 hours, pour in the stirrer, add the brucite fiber of the length of water glass glue liquid quality 10% less than 5mm, injection molding after 0.5 hour is stirred in making beating, heats until curing down at 45 ℃.With distilled water cured body is washed to neutrality then, used soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol again 48 hours, then flooded 30 minutes, obtain product at 60 ℃ of following constant pressure and dries at last with commercially available organic silicon solution.Product does not have volumetric shrinkage, and hydrophobicity is good, and density is 0.47g/cm 3, thermal conductivity is 0.028W/M.K.
Embodiment five
The industrial ZrO that in the silicon sol glue of commercially available solid content 25%, adds silicon sol glue quality 3% 2Powder, 15% tap water, and brucite fiber and ZrO 21 of quality summation 10%, 2-dibutyl naphthalene-6-sodium sulfonate, is poured in the stirrer ball milling 0.5 hour, adds the brucite fiber of the length of glue liquid quality 5% less than 5mm, making beating was stirred after 1 hour, injected mould, 30 ℃ down heating until curing.With distilled water cured body is washed to neutrality then, used soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol again 24 hours, then flooded 20 minutes, obtain product at 50 ℃ of following constant pressure and dries at last with commercially available organic silicon solution.Product does not have volumetric shrinkage, and hydrophobicity is good, and density is 0.25g/cm 3, thermal conductivity is 0.018W/M.K.

Claims (4)

1, brucite fiber strengthens SiO 2The preparation method of aerogel heat-insulating material is characterized in that, is undertaken by following step:
At first, adopting the service water glass glue of industry silicasol liquid or process ion exchange treatment is siliceous glue, add tap water, add-on is the 10-30% of siliceous glue quality, add chemical dispersant then, the chemical dispersant consumption is inorganic sunscreen and brucite fiber total amount quality 10wt%-25wt%, adds inorganic sunscreen again, and the inorganic sunscreen consumption is the 2wt%-20wt% of siliceous glue quality;
Secondly, the siliceous glue that adds chemical dispersant and inorganic sunscreen is carried out ball milling, 0.5-2 hour ball milling time, make inorganic sunscreen levigate and be dispersed in the siliceous glue;
Then, add brucite fiber, the brucite fiber consumption is the 5wt%-10wt% of siliceous glue quality, with the brucite fiber stirring of in siliceous glue, pulling an oar, in turbine mixer, stir, time is 0.5-1.0 hour, and brucite fiber diameter nano level makes brucite fiber obtain splitting branch and dispersion after making beating is stirred;
At last, glue after the making beating is carried out injection molding and is heating and curing, the temperature that is heating and curing is 30-50 ℃, solidifying the back is washed to neutrality, soaked 24-48 hour with inorganic ethanol liquid subsequently cured product with distilled water, flood through organic silicon solution again, dipping time 10-30 minute, 50-65 ℃ of drying obtained brucite fiber enhancing SiO under normal pressure at last 2Aerogel heat-insulating material.
2, brucite fiber according to claim 1 strengthens SiO 2The preparation method of aerogel heat-insulating material is characterized in that, the brucite fiber fiber is the staple fibre of length less than 5mm.
3, brucite fiber according to claim 1 strengthens SiO 2The preparation method of aerogel heat-insulating material is characterized in that, chemical dispersant is meant sodium stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate or 1,2-dibutyl naphthalene-6-sodium sulfonate.
4, brucite fiber according to claim 1 strengthens SiO 2The preparation method of aerogel heat-insulating material is characterized in that inorganic sunscreen is meant TiO 2, Fe 3O 4, carbon black or ZrO 2
CNB2005101245882A 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 Method for preparing brucite fiber reinforced SiO2 aerogel heat-insulating material Expired - Fee Related CN100386260C (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN101654349B (en) * 2009-09-11 2012-02-22 长春理工大学 Method for preparing silica aerogel by doped brucite fiber and titanium dioxide powder
WO2012023095A1 (en) * 2010-08-16 2012-02-23 Basf Se Fire protection elements and production of fire protection elements based on silicate- containing intumescent masses
CN101696101B (en) * 2009-10-30 2012-06-20 广东埃力生高新科技有限公司 Heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof
WO2013010371A1 (en) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-24 南京工业大学 Method for preparing fiber-reinforced sio2 aerogel with rice husk ash as raw material
CN103910516A (en) * 2012-12-31 2014-07-09 上海新安纳电子科技有限公司 Method for recovering waste silica sol for reutilization
CN104478395A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-04-01 刘吉海 Composite SiO2 aerogel heat insulation material and preparation method thereof
CN105753388A (en) * 2009-04-27 2016-07-13 卡博特公司 Aerogel compositions and methods of making and using them
CN105797694A (en) * 2016-05-28 2016-07-27 湖南细心信息科技有限公司 Recyclable water purifying agent preparation method
CN106565266A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-04-19 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Method for preparing silicon dioxide aerogel with low cost
CN107438588A (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-12-05 株式会社Lg化学 Felt containing aerosil and preparation method thereof
CN108641361A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-10-12 华东理工大学 A kind of fibre-reinforced organosilicon aerogel heat-proof composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109231219A (en) * 2018-10-27 2019-01-18 上海永丰热镀锌有限公司 A kind of aeroge and its aeroge fibrofelt
CN111302827A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-06-19 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant fiber-reinforced silica aerogel heat-insulation composite material

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CN105753388A (en) * 2009-04-27 2016-07-13 卡博特公司 Aerogel compositions and methods of making and using them
CN101654349B (en) * 2009-09-11 2012-02-22 长春理工大学 Method for preparing silica aerogel by doped brucite fiber and titanium dioxide powder
CN101696101B (en) * 2009-10-30 2012-06-20 广东埃力生高新科技有限公司 Heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof
WO2012023095A1 (en) * 2010-08-16 2012-02-23 Basf Se Fire protection elements and production of fire protection elements based on silicate- containing intumescent masses
WO2013010371A1 (en) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-24 南京工业大学 Method for preparing fiber-reinforced sio2 aerogel with rice husk ash as raw material
CN103910516A (en) * 2012-12-31 2014-07-09 上海新安纳电子科技有限公司 Method for recovering waste silica sol for reutilization
CN104478395A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-04-01 刘吉海 Composite SiO2 aerogel heat insulation material and preparation method thereof
CN107438588A (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-12-05 株式会社Lg化学 Felt containing aerosil and preparation method thereof
US10836643B2 (en) 2015-09-10 2020-11-17 Lg Chem, Ltd. Silica aerogel-including blanket and method for preparing the same
CN107438588B (en) * 2015-09-10 2018-12-11 株式会社Lg化学 Felt and preparation method thereof containing aerosil
US10501326B2 (en) 2015-09-10 2019-12-10 Lg Chem, Ltd. Silica aerogel-including blanket and method for preparing the same
CN105797694A (en) * 2016-05-28 2016-07-27 湖南细心信息科技有限公司 Recyclable water purifying agent preparation method
CN105797694B (en) * 2016-05-28 2019-02-12 南京兰庭绿色建筑技术有限公司 A kind of preparation method of recyclable water quality cleansing agent
CN106565266A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-04-19 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Method for preparing silicon dioxide aerogel with low cost
CN106565266B (en) * 2016-10-25 2019-05-31 北京派诺蒙能源科技有限公司 A kind of method that low cost prepares aerosil
CN108641361A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-10-12 华东理工大学 A kind of fibre-reinforced organosilicon aerogel heat-proof composite material and preparation method thereof
CN108641361B (en) * 2018-04-23 2020-12-01 华东理工大学 Fiber-reinforced organic silicon aerogel heat-insulation composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109231219A (en) * 2018-10-27 2019-01-18 上海永丰热镀锌有限公司 A kind of aeroge and its aeroge fibrofelt
CN111302827A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-06-19 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant fiber-reinforced silica aerogel heat-insulation composite material

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