CN1797441B - Statistical method in real time for passenger flow volume of bus - Google Patents

Statistical method in real time for passenger flow volume of bus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1797441B
CN1797441B CN 200410155552 CN200410155552A CN1797441B CN 1797441 B CN1797441 B CN 1797441B CN 200410155552 CN200410155552 CN 200410155552 CN 200410155552 A CN200410155552 A CN 200410155552A CN 1797441 B CN1797441 B CN 1797441B
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human
bus
signal
array
sensing device
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CN1797441A (en
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伍景宇
潘景良
陈从华
韦昌荣
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Xiamen Yaxon Networks Co Ltd
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Xiamen Yaxon Networks Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a bus passenger flow real-time counting method, above a bus door, vertically downward equipped with a human body infrared sensor-infrared reflecting switch array, each point of the array is composed of a human body infrared sensor and an infrared reflecting switch bound with each other; the human body signals sensed by the array are amplified, filtered and compare- converted through multichannel selector and signal conditioning circuit into electric pulse signals, which are read in from I/O ports of a CPU, and the data is stored into a data memory, and the CPU judges the directions of getting on and off and counts the number of passengers getting on and off by a certain algorithm according to the number of read array-sensed pulses and the read pattern, and finally the serial port of the CPU sends the number of counted passengers getting on and getting off at each station, to a vehicle terminal or control center, which real-timely counts total number of passengers.

Description

A kind of method of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of method of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics, be applicable to the get on or off the bus statistics of number and real-time seating capacity's situation of each station of bus.
Background technology
In order effectively bus passenger flow volume to be carried out real-time statistics, must respond to the signal of human body when the car door by certain sensing element, can obtain human body signal at present and the method that it converts electric signal to is had pressure transducer, human-body infrared sensing device, Photoelectric infrared switch, camera and bus IC card etc.The difficult point of bus passenger flow volume is that human body is a lot of through the scrambling or perhaps the abnormal conditions of car door, mainly show: human body height, weight etc. are different, the speed of human motion is different, human body from entrance door get off, exit door gets on the bus, human body also is listed in that car door is crowded to get on and off, and human body is paced up and down or lingered at car door etc.Above-mentioned several method all can not be avoided the erroneous judgement of abnormal conditions statistics when using separately.
For example Yi Tu softcom limited in Hangzhou has researched and developed the bus passenger flow volume statistic system that adopts pressure sensor obtains human body signal, step on place's placement force sensor at the pin of car door, this sensor converts the force signal of human body to electric impulse signal, read in by CPU and to add and subtract calculating, the defective of this method is a lot, can cause erroneous judgement in following several abnormal conditions: can declare into a people when stepping on the cell pressure plate simultaneously more than the people for two; When human body is got off or exit door can be miscounted when getting on the bus from entrance door; When striding across sensor and get on or off the bus, human body can escape statistics; On weight is placed sensor, can judge by accident to the people etc., so this method is not a kind of very effective and feasible method.
If use a human body infrared sensor or array separately, also there are several problems, when the human-body infrared sensing device of one of independent use, can not judge that the direction of getting on or off the bus can not determine that human body is in time that car door stops; When independent use human body infrared array sensor, still can not determine human body in the time that car door stops, this is that characteristic by sensor itself determines.
When independent use Photoelectric infrared switch, can handle object as the people, can not differentiate the direction of getting on or off the bus if do not make array.
And the Algorithm Analysis that camera obtains behind the signal is too complicated, and operand is very big, and cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics method, can obtain get on and off number and every section distance delivery passenger's real-time number of each platform of bus in real time, accurately, all sidedly.
The present invention includes the human-body infrared sensing device array that is positioned over upper and lower car door top and infrared reflection switch arrays, MUX, the modulate circuit and the cpu control circuit of human-body infrared sensing device.Wherein bus get on and off car door above, human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch arrays are housed vertically downward, each of array o'clock is made up of a human body infrared sensor and an infrared reflection switch binding; Human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection inductive switching to human body signal respectively through MUX with signal processing circuit is amplified, filtering, relatively convert electric impulse signal to, I/O mouth by CPU reads in again, data storage is in data-carrier store, and CPU judges the direction that gets on and off and adds up the number that gets on and off according to certain algorithm according to the number of reading the array induction pulse and pattern.
Described human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch all are 4 row, 8 row.
The line-spacing of described array is set at 6cm, and row are apart from being set at 9cm.
The distance of reaction of described human-body infrared sensing device is 1.5 meters, and the distance of reaction of infrared reflection switch is 0.8 meter.
The induction angle of described human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch is controlled at below 5 degree.
Described CPU sends to car-mounted terminal or control center to the number of getting on the bus and the number of getting off that each station obtains by communication port, and car-mounted terminal or control center carry out the statistics of real-time number again, in real time number=original number+the number of getting on the bus-number of getting off.
Described CPU reads the human-body infrared sensing device and the infrared reflection switching signal of every row with the time interval of 125 μ s, runs through array signal one time with time interval of 10ms.
Described certain algorithm is meant, if human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch all do not have signal, does not then have human body or object process; If the human-body infrared sensing device has signal, infrared reflection switch not to have signal, then the human body height is less than 1.2m; If the human-body infrared sensing device does not have signal, infrared reflection switch that signal is arranged, then process is that object is not a human body; Array induction pattern according to each collection compares, and the array induction number is used to distinguish a last individual and a back people the most after a little while, and it is a people or two people that the array induction number is used for judging the most for a long time; The signal number of array induction should be up to increase from 0 of induction number during human body process car door, increases to maximum down to reduce again, and reducing to minimum might be 0, also might not 0, and then up increase, cyclical variation stops counting up to closing of the door; The number of array induction is a crest when maximum, hour is trough, and that can finally determine to get on or off the bus between each trough and trough is 1 people or 2 people.
Described CPU reads the first group pattern data in the storer, if data are complete ' 0 ', does not also have the human body process so this moment; If data are not complete ' 0 ', then calculate total several ' 1 ', take off group pattern data again, judge whether complete ' 0 ', if not, then calculate the worker and have several ' 1 ', the number of last one group ' 1 ' number and next group ' 1 ' is compared, if next group more than ' 1 ', then abandon one group of data, keep next group data, down continue relatively again; If ' 1 ' of next group is lacked, then keep this two groups of data, last one group of data are crest, compare and find out trough below again, if the number of crest is less than 4 then be judged to be external interference, if the number of crest is greater than 16 then be judged to be 2 people, if the number of crest between 4 to 16, will judge then that it is 1 people or 2 people that the situation of pattern is distinguished; If pattern has 1 concentrated area then is 1 people, if 2 concentrated areas are arranged then be 2 people.
Adopt method of the present invention, take human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch arrays are installed above the car door frame vertically downward, rather than the side installation, because installing, the side can not distinguish two or more people that pass through car door side by side.When human body process car door, human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch arrays will be sensed the human body of human body signal composition and overlook pattern, the big then resolution height of pattern of the density of array.By certain algorithm pattern being analyzed, is the equal of pattern-recognition, and what determine process car door this moment is human body or object, is a people or two people, gets on the bus or gets off or the like.Generally speaking, certain spacing is arranged through car door the time between men, therefore when analyzing the induced signal pattern, can distinguish former and later two people by these spacings.
The present invention utilizes human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch arrays to obtain human body signal, by the correct judgement of algorithm realization to the human body process, can quick and precisely write down the get on or off the bus number of bus at each website, and writing time and parking stall.In the dispatching center, can carry out various statistics with these data, comprise that the passenger flow in different periods of calculating bus and different locations distributes, the load factor of calculating vehicle and indexs, auxiliary circuit scheme and the driving schemes etc. optimized such as passenger's average riding distance, the average Waiting time that calculates the passenger and the Che Nei degree of crowding.So that the newly-increased public bus network that maybe will change is carried out the line optimization design, help to formulate city bus in the recent period and medium-term and long-term plans, for management, development prediction, the programmed decision-making of city bus provides reliable scientific basis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hardware block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the human-body infrared sensing device array of 4*8 in the embodiment of the invention and the infrared reflection switch arrays synoptic diagram of 4*8.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
The present invention is used for public transit vehicle intelligent management information service system.The passenger is the service object of public transit vehicle, and management and running to public transit vehicle play a decisive role with the spatial distributions situation in time for it, so the passenger flow situation of understanding in real time on the circuit is extremely important for the bus scheduling management.The passenger flow quantitative statistics of public transit vehicle mainly comprises the number of getting on the bus and two aspects of number of getting off.The number and the number of getting off by detection is got on the bus calculate real-time number onboard.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the human-body infrared sensing device array 1 and the infrared reflection switch arrays 2 that are positioned over upper and lower car door top, MUX 3,4,6, the modulate circuit 5 of human-body infrared sensing device and cpu control circuit 7, wherein above bus is got on or off the bus car door, human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch arrays are housed vertically downward, and each of array o'clock is made up of a human body infrared sensor and an infrared reflection switch binding; Human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection inductive switching to human body signal through MUX 3,4,6 with signal processing circuit 5 is amplified, filtering, relatively convert electric impulse signal to, I/O mouth 8 by CPU7 reads in again, read the startup of array signal and forbid by car door signal 9 decision, the array signal data storage is in data-carrier store 10, and CPU7 judges the direction that gets on and off and adds up the number that gets on and off according to certain algorithm according to the number of reading the array induction pulse and pattern.
Among the present invention, the technology of most critical is the correct collection to the human body signal of process car door, has only the correct correct judgement number of array signal ability and the direction of human body process.The collection of signal will accurately must make human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch correctly respond to human body signal.So require the angular field of view of human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch will be controlled at below 5 degree, about 0.8 meter of the distance of reaction of about 1.5 meters of human-body infrared sensing device distance of reaction, infrared reflection switch, human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch to human body the reaction in its angular field of view the time want rapidly accurately, the characteristic of sensor itself guarantees the rapid of reaction.Because human-body infrared sensing device visual angle general on the present market is all bigger, therefore select existing RE200B human-body infrared sensing device for use in the invention, and adopt a cylindrical sleeves that the visual angle of sensor is narrowed down in 5 degree, and the visual angle of infrared reflection switch itself is just little, in installation process, adjust the visual angle of infrared reflection switch and the visual angle and the visual field of human-body infrared sensing device, make its unanimity, the mode of adjusting is decided on field condition, human body obtains induction through out-of-date inevitable human-body infrared sensing device and the infrared reflection switch of almost making simultaneously like this, obtains synchronism preferably.
Because the car door height is generally all in 2 meters, and the height of human body is generally less than the car door height, so the distance of reaction of human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch should be no more than 2 meters, but can not be less than 0.5 meter, the distance of reaction of setting the human-body infrared sensing device is 1.5 meters, and the distance of reaction of infrared reflection switch is 0.8 meter.The object or the child that are lower than 1.2 meters like this will be differentiated by human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch.
For convenience of explanation, with reference to Fig. 1,2, we adopt array is 4 row, 8 row, and promptly human-body infrared sensing device 11 and infrared reflection switch 21 all are 4 row, 8 row, because the about 80cm of car door width, the about 40cm of human body width, the about 20cm of thickness.So the line-spacing of array is set at 6cm, row are apart from being set at 9cm.Human body through time of car door at least more than 0.1s, so CPU7 reads the human-body infrared sensing device 11 and infrared reflection switch 21 signals of every row with the time interval of 125 μ s, runs through array signal one time with time interval of 10ms.The signal that CPU7 collects human-body infrared sensing device array 1 and infrared reflection switch arrays 2 is ' 0 ' and ' 1 ' combination, and the signal of each collection is compared, and makes right judgement by following algorithm.
With the exit door is example, according to Fig. 2, supposes that two one on adjacent circle left sides represent human body infrared sensor 11, and infrared reflection switch 21 is represented on one on the right, and the numbering of the digitized representation row and column on next door, the direction of arrow are the directions of getting off of exit door.When bus entered the station and open the door, CPU7 started the collection to array signal so.CPU7 is such to the gatherer process of array, to carry out 8 groups of signals collecting each time, gather human-body infrared sensing device 11 the 4th row for first group, gather infrared reflection switch 21 the 4th row for second group, gather human-body infrared sensing device 11 the 3rd row for the 3rd group, gather infrared reflection switch 21 the 3rd row for the 4th group, gather human-body infrared sensing device 11 the 2nd row for the 5th group, gather infrared reflection switch 21 the 2nd row for the 6th group, gather human-body infrared sensing device 11 the 1st row for the 7th group, gather infrared reflection switch 21 the 1st row for the 8th group.
Human body through time of car door at least more than 0.1s, so CPU7 reads the human-body infrared sensing device 11 and infrared reflection switch 21 signals of every row with the time interval of 125 μ s, runs through array signal one time with time interval of 10ms.I/O mouth by CPU7 reads from car door opening array signal in the time till close the door, these array signal data storage in storer 10, every 10ms has the data of 8 bytes, suppose that the car door opening time the longest is 5 minutes, then total data volume is (5*60*1000/10) * 8=240K byte.And in fact, the array signal of gathering when not having human body through car door is 0 entirely, and these data are dropped entirely, so each array signal data total amount of gathering of stopping is far smaller than the 240K byte.
When the every platform of bus, CPU7 is by the collection of enabling signal startup to human-body infrared sensing device 11 and infrared reflection switch 21 array signals, as long as there is human body to occur through just having signal pattern, CPU7 calculates the number of getting on or off the bus according to Algorithm Analysis, after car will be left platform and shut up the door carefully, CPU7 forbids the signals collecting to array, this moment, CPU7 sent to car-mounted terminal or control center to the number of getting on the bus that obtains and the number of getting off through communication interface 8 (RS232), last real-time number, the wherein real-time number=original number+number of the getting on the bus-number of getting off calculated of car-mounted terminal or control center.
The specific algorithm that uses in the specific embodiment of the present invention is described below: after car door closed, CPU7 began the data in the storer 10 are carried out Algorithm Analysis.If human-body infrared sensing device 11 and infrared reflection switch 21 all do not have signal, then there is not human body or object process; If human-body infrared sensing device 11 has signal, infrared reflection switch 21 not to have signal, then the human body height is less than 1.2m.If human-body infrared sensing device 11 does not have signal, infrared reflection switch 21 that signal is arranged, then process is that object is not a human body.
Because during human body process car door, former and later two people generally can not paste tightly mutually, but certain space is arranged, under the acquisition interval of CPU7 Millisecond, necessarily can make a distinction former and later two people, algorithm compares according to each array induction pattern of gathering, and the array induction number is used to distinguish a last individual and a back people the most after a little while, and it is a people or two people that the array induction number is used for judging the most for a long time.The signal number of array induction should be up to increase from 0 of induction number during human body process car door, increases to maximum down to reduce again, and reducing to minimum might be 0, also might not 0, and then up increase, cyclical variation stops counting up to closing of the door.Therefore when the number of array induction is maximum is crest, hour is trough, and that can finally determine to get on or off the bus between each trough and trough is 1 people or 2 people.
CPU7 reads the first group pattern data in the storer 10, if data are complete ' 0 ', does not also have the human body process so this moment.If data are not complete ' 0 ', then calculate total several ' 1 ', take off group pattern data again, judge whether complete ' 0 ', if not, then calculate total several ' 1 ', last group ' 1 ' number and down the number of group ' 1 ' compare, if next group more than ' 1 ', then abandon one group of data, keep next group data, down continue relatively again; If ' 1 ' of next group is lacked, then keep this two groups of data, last one group of data are crest, compare and find out trough below again, if the number of crest is less than 4 then be judged to be external interference, if the number of crest is greater than 16 then be judged to be 2 people, if the number of crest between 4 to 16, will judge then that it is 1 people or 2 people that the situation of pattern is distinguished.If pattern has 1 concentrated area then is 1 people, if 2 concentrated areas are arranged then be 2 people.

Claims (8)

1. the method for a bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: at first, bus get on or off the bus car door above, human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch arrays are housed vertically downward, and each of this array o'clock is made up of a human body infrared sensor and an infrared reflection switch binding; Secondly, when human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch with the human body signal sensed respectively through MUX with signal processing circuit is amplified, filtering, relatively convert electric impulse signal to, I/O mouth by CPU reads in again, data storage is in data-carrier store the time, and CPU judges the number that the direction that gets on and off and statistics get on and off according to the number of reading the array induction pulse and pattern according to certain algorithm;
Described certain algorithm is meant, if human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch all do not have signal, does not then have human body or object process; If the human-body infrared sensing device has signal, infrared reflection switch not to have signal, then the human body height is less than 1.2M; If the human-body infrared sensing device does not have signal, infrared reflection switch that signal is arranged, then process is that object is not a human body; Array induction pattern according to each collection compares, and the array induction number is used to distinguish a last individual and a back people the most after a little while, and the array induction number is used to the most for a long time judge that a people still is two people; The signal number of array induction is up to increase from 0 of induction number during human body process car door, is increased to maximum and down reduces, and reducing to minimum might be 0, also might not 0, and then up increase, cyclical variation stops counting up to closing of the door; The number of array induction is a crest when maximum, and minimum is a trough, and that finally determine to get on or off the bus between each trough and trough is 1 people or 2 people.
2. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch all are 4 row, 8 row.
3. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the line-spacing of described array is set at 6CM, and row are apart from being set at 9CM.
4. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance of reaction of described human-body infrared sensing device is 1.5 meters, and the distance of reaction of infrared reflection switch is 0.8 meter.
5. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the induction angle of described human-body infrared sensing device and infrared reflection switch is controlled at below 5 degree.
6. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described CPU reads the human-body infrared sensing device and the infrared reflection switching signal of every row with the time interval of 125 μ s, runs through array signal one time with time interval of 10ms.
7. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: CPU sends to car-mounted terminal or control center to the number of getting on the bus and the number of getting off that each station obtains by communication port, car-mounted terminal or control center carry out real-time demographics again, in real time number=original number+the number of getting on the bus-number of getting off.
8. the method for a kind of bus passenger flow volume real-time statistics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described CPU reads the first group pattern data in the storer, if data are complete " 0 ", does not also have the human body process so this moment; If data are not complete " 0 ", then calculate total several " 1 ", take off group pattern data again, judge whether complete " 0 ", if not, then calculate total several " 1 ", the number of the number of last a group " 1 " and next group " 1 " is compared,, then abandon one group of data if " 1 " of next group is many, keep next group data, down continue relatively again; If next group " 1 " is few, then keep this two groups of data, last one group of data are crest, compare and find out trough below again, if the number of crest is less than 4 then be judged to be external interference, if the number of crest is greater than 16 then be judged to be 2 people, if the number of crest between 4 to 16, will judge then that it is 1 people or 2 people that the situation of pattern is distinguished; If pattern has 1 concentrated area then is 1 people, if 2 concentrated areas are arranged then be 2 people.
CN 200410155552 2004-12-21 2004-12-21 Statistical method in real time for passenger flow volume of bus Expired - Fee Related CN1797441B (en)

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