CN1797050A - freeze-thaw type optical network switch - Google Patents
freeze-thaw type optical network switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN1797050A CN1797050A CNA2004101035451A CN200410103545A CN1797050A CN 1797050 A CN1797050 A CN 1797050A CN A2004101035451 A CNA2004101035451 A CN A2004101035451A CN 200410103545 A CN200410103545 A CN 200410103545A CN 1797050 A CN1797050 A CN 1797050A
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- network switch
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- matching fluid
- thermoelectric cooling
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 amido silicon Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a freeze-thaw type optical network switch, comprising; an optical switch substrate; two crossed optical waveguide signal transmission channels arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; a section of long and narrow micro channel arranged at the cross of the two optical signal transmission channels is filled with matching fluid matched with the refractive index of the optical waveguide and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with one of the two optical signal transmission channels; the first micro thermoelectric refrigerating piece and the second micro thermoelectric refrigerating piece are arranged above and below the channel; the thermoelectric refrigeration chips are respectively and electrically connected with an external direct current power supply. The external direct current power supply is controlled to refrigerate or heat the thermoelectric refrigerating sheet, so that when the matching fluid is in a liquid state, the light path is conducted; when the optical path is in a frozen state, the conduction of the optical path is blocked, so that the switching of the optical path is realized; the switch is suitable for optical networks laid in extreme environments such as polar regions, snow mountains and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical network switch that is used for the optical signal transmission direction is carried out shear, be particularly related to and a kind ofly utilize the thermoelectric sheet of two or multi-disc that one section matching fluid in the optical waveguide path is carried out freezing/rewarming to realize solid-liquid phase change, thereby make light signal along the harmless transmission of former direction or be totally reflected in the waveguide path with former waveguide vertical direction, realize light signal is risen the frost thawing type optical network switch of on-off action.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly that information highway is built, the signal transmission adopts optical fiber to finish more and more at a distance, and the laying of various optical-fiber networks is like a raging fire.In the optical-fiber network communication, what extensively use is close wavelength-division multiplex technology, in various light signals are handled, all needs light signal is carried out various blocked operations.Traditional optical signal switch mainly adopts the mode of light-electrical-optical to carry out, and promptly earlier light signal is converted to electric signal, then electric signal is operated, and be light signal with electrical signal conversion again after the end, to proceed long-distance transmissions.This switch exists that complex structure, equipment cost are high, the switching response time waits shortcoming slowly.For addressing the above problem, each research and development institution has proposed light-photoswitch miscellaneous in succession, and these photoswitches are directly handled light signal, and the centre need not the conversion through electric signal, simple in structure, cost is lower, switching response speed significantly improves, thereby obtained widely using.But the photoswitch that this light-light directly switches still exists many deficiencies and the improved place of needs, and the raising of its performance directly has influence on further developing of optical communication network technology.Therefore, develop novel photoswitch, or the performance of existing photoswitch is optimized raising, have important practical significance for the development optical network communication.
At present, in existing light shutter device, thermo-optical switch and mems optical switch development are comparatively ripe, and existing large quantities of matured products are put on market.Mems optical switch is fit to integrated on a large scale, and switching speed is very fast, but because of there being movable part, its switch stability is lower, because the structure of this kind photoswitch is generally comparatively complicated, so processing cost is higher.The thermo-optic effect photoswitch then is the refractive index that changes the optical waveguide material with thermo-optic effect by heat effect, thereby realizes the effect of selling off to light, relatively is fit to the switch element of some portlet.In addition, yet have some optical switch constructions certainly, but relative merits are respectively arranged, and production scale is little based on other principle.
Electrical heating method has many application in the thermo-optic effect photoswitch, researchers had once proposed the mode of directly utilizing electric heating piece that the optical waveguide arm is heated, and makes it to vaporize bubble photoswitch of realizing etc. by liquid in the waveguide is heated.These approach add on the heat power consumption big slightly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of frost thawing type optical switch element that can switch to the light signal in the optical-fiber network; By refrigeration to thermoelectric sheet, the matching fluid of refractive index match can be freezed to be the unmatched ice crystal structure of refractive index, the refractive index of this ice crystal structure is less than the refractive index of optical waveguide, thereby makes the at the interface realization total reflection of light signal at waveguide and ice crystal, realizes the break function of light signal; When needs recover light signal along the transmission of former road, by external circuit thermoelectric sheet is applied inverse current, then thermoelectric sector-meeting is carried out heat effect to ice crystal, thereby quickening ice crystal melts, after ice crystal melts matching fluid for refractive index and waveguide material coupling fully, light signal recovers original travel path again, sees through matching fluid and continues loss-free transmission.Its switch just can be realized the circulation that the optical signal switch in the optical-fiber network switches at the alternating action of forward and reverse electric current.Even, when the matching fluid temperature surpasses its evaporating point in heating, also can form gaseous state, this state also can be used for light to be regulated.Therefore, device provided by the invention can be realized solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase adjusting, and its function unicity thermo-optical switch as compared with the past is more comprehensive.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Frost thawing type optical network switch provided by the invention comprises:
One photoswitch substrate 2;
Be arranged on two optical waveguide signal transmission passages 1 and 11 that are right-angled intersection on described photoswitch substrate 2 upper surfaces;
Be arranged on one section long and narrow miniature conduit 3 of right-angled intersection place of described two optical signal transmission passage 1 and 11, be filled with the matching fluid with fiber waveguide refractive index coupling in the described miniature conduit 3, and with two optical signal transmission passages in one be 45 ° of angles; And
Be arranged on the first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 that is arranged on described miniature conduit 3 belows of described miniature conduit 3 tops; The described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 are electrically connected with external direct current power supply respectively.
The surface of the described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 directly contacts with matching fluid, perhaps and be separated with the Si substrate between the matching fluid.The refractive index of the solid crystals that the frozen back of described matching fluid forms is less than the refractive index of optical waveguide material.Described matching fluid is D-2011A type amido silicon oil, HD-2011B type amido silicon oil, HD-2013 amido silicon oil or is its mixing silicone oil that mixes.The described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 are the 1-10 sheet, and every volume is 1cm
3-l000nm
3The length of described miniature conduit 3, width and the degree of depth are between 1nm to 1cm.
Frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention has following advantage:
Technology realizes that technology is simple, lower cost.
This switch does not have movable part, only relies on solid-liquid phase change to come light signal is switched, and has and does not have the machinery wearing and tearing, device aging is slow, the device stability advantages of higher;
Frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention is owing to be to realize switching between the solid-liquid two-phase by heating cooling, can be in the long duration low-power consumption keep stable switching state, it is little to have a life-span influence; There is not the fatigue problem of switch, low in energy consumption, and also light signal is lossless, and Insertion Loss is lower.
Frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention is applicable to the environment that is in low temperature for a long time, such as serve as switch in the optical-fiber network of snow mountain, laying such as extremely low.In these application scenarios, matching fluid is because the cooling effect of environment is in frozen state for a long time, and at this moment, its on-off action realizes by heating and melting, be applied to the positive negative direction and the size of electric current on the thermoelectric sheet by control, can keep the operate as normal of photoswitch.Compare other photoswitches and have irreplaceable advantage.
Description of drawings
The vertical view of structure when accompanying drawing 1 is in conducting state for frost thawing type optical network switch light path of the present invention;
The vertical view and the sectional view of structure when accompanying drawing 2a and Fig. 2 b are respectively the switching state of frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention;
The one-piece construction synoptic diagram of frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention (matching fluid is in liquid state in the conduit) when accompanying drawing 3 is conducting light paths;
Accompanying drawing 4 is 4 * 4 array of ports synoptic diagram of frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
The vertical view of this freeze thawing optical network switch also was one embodiment of the present of invention when accompanying drawing 1 was in conducting state for light path provided by the invention; The vertical view of this freeze thawing optical network switch when accompanying drawing 2a and accompanying drawing 2b are respectively switching state and the sectional view of A-A face; The structural representation of this freeze thawing optical network switch when accompanying drawing 3 is conducting light paths (matching fluids in the micro-channel 3 are in liquid state); Serve as reasons 4 * 4 port switch arrays of this freeze thawing optical network switch of accompanying drawing 4.As seen from the figure, frost thawing type optical network switch provided by the invention comprises:
One photoswitch substrate 2;
Be arranged on two optical waveguide signal transmission passages 1 and 11 that are right-angled intersection on described photoswitch substrate 2 upper surfaces;
Be arranged on one section long and narrow miniature conduit 3 of right-angled intersection place of described two optical signal transmission passage 1 and 11, be filled with the matching fluid with fiber waveguide refractive index coupling in the described miniature conduit 3, and with two optical signal transmission passages in one be 45 ° of angles; And
Be arranged on the first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 that is arranged on described miniature conduit 3 belows of described miniature conduit 3 tops; The described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 are electrically connected with external direct current power supply respectively.
The surface of the described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 directly contacts with matching fluid, perhaps and be separated with the Si substrate between the matching fluid.The refractive index of the solid crystals that the frozen back of described matching fluid forms is less than the refractive index of optical waveguide material.Described matching fluid is D-2011A type amido silicon oil, HD-2011B type amido silicon oil, HD-2013 amido silicon oil or is the mixing silicone oil of its mixing.The described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 are the 1-10 sheet, and every volume is 1cm
3-1000nm
3The length of described miniature conduit 3, width and the degree of depth are between 1nm to 1cm.
Frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention, structural principal feature is with 11 right-angled intersection place one section long and narrow micro-channel 3 that become 45 degree with optical waveguide to be set at two optical signal transmission passage 1, fill the liquid with the refractive index match of optical waveguide material in the micro-channel, be furnished with the first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 7 and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece 71 respectively at the upper and lower of conduit; Thermoelectric module is connected with the external circuit direct supply by lead-in wire, break-make and sense of current by the control external current, when on the thermoelectric module obstructed electric current the time, transmit the liquid that the light signal that comes sees through refractive index match by optical waveguide, lossless unconverted continuation is transmitted (accompanying drawing 1,3) along former direction; When needs carry out change-over switch to light signal, control external circuit forward current passes through thermoelectric module, thermoelectric module cools off matching fluid, in moment, make matching fluid freeze to be the uniform crystal structure of a kind of refractive index, the refractive index of the refractive index ratio optical waveguide material of this crystal is little, thereby make light signal on the interface of waveguide and crystal, total reflection take place, the total reflection light signal from the waveguide of former waveguide vertical direction transmit, thereby realize the on-off action (Fig. 2) of light signal.When the transmission of the former road of needs recovery light signal, control external circuit inverse current is by cooling piece, and cooling piece is realized heat effect to ice crystal, makes matching fluid turn back to Liquid Structure from crystal structure, recovers the lossless of transmission signals and sees through.
Frost thawing type optical network switch provided by the invention, its total can adopt the technology identical with normal optical switch job operation to make, and overall package is as an optical switch element.Wherein, waveguide, waveguide-based bottom material are identical with the normal optical switching material, there is no special limitation, and this makes that all making of the present invention is easy to realize.With the progress of MEMS processing technology, in the frost thawing type optical network switch of the present invention, it is the optical signal transmission passage 1 of right-angled intersection and 11 width can be the 10-100 micron, and length is the conduit of 50-200 micron; The matching fluid that conduit inner filling refractive index and waveguide material are complementary can have multiple component prescription or one-component, require to decide on different switches, but require is that this matching fluid is when being in liquid state, its refractive index should be complementary with the refractive index of optical waveguide, after freezing for the ice crystal state, its refractive index should be evenly and less than fiber waveguide refractive index.Right-angled intersection place that is arranged on optical signal transmission passage 1 and 11 is the micro-channel 3 of miter angle, and its width to allow the light signal from the micro-channel both sides total reflection can take place on the interface less than the point of crossing duct width; Its thermoelectric module can be purchased from market, also can adopt the method for MEMS job operation, chemical vapor deposition or evaporation directly to be produced in the substrate; The difference of visual single thermoelectric sheet efficient, and switch integrated level and dimensional requirement different and many group thermoelectric modules are set; In addition, the lead of thermoelectric module can adopt the MEMS method to generate, and the bus interface by photoswitch links to each other with the control circuit and the direct supply of external circuit, and direct supply is controlled by external circuit, to thermoelectric sheet enforcement switching.Frost thawing type optical network switch provided by the invention, be easy to be integrated into the switch matrix (as shown in Figure 4) of multiport, at this moment, a plurality of switch elements can be carried out integrated processing in same substrate, encapsulate as a whole, can form the switch matrix structure of multiport, such structure can be applicable to the occasion that need operate simultaneously multipath light signal.
Can process by prior art for micropore or groove in milli, the micron-sized pipeline among the present invention.Present progress has made and has processed by a plurality of hydraulic diameters at 10nm to 10
3Microchannel between the μ m becomes possibility.These conduits can be produced on the thin slice of silicon, metal or other suitable material.These technique guarantee the processing of micro-channel and thermoelectric module in this device.Whole manufacturing process is also uncomplicated.
For improving the reliability of this switch, described matching fluid, should satisfy following condition: nontoxic and have certain thermal stability, under freezing, the rewarming circulation that repeats, the optical property of liquid does not change; Be convenient to obtain; Should be compatible with structured material, can not chemical reactions take place with waveguide, substrate etc., and fluent material freeze, volume change is little in the rewarming circulation.In addition, matching fluid is good with the higher material of temperature conductivity, thereby improves the switch speed of light signal to strengthen to conduct heat; Certainly, in the frost thawing type switch provided by the invention, its heating approach also can be aided with other means, as installing miniature laser with space heating effect, radio-frequency (RF) component etc. additional on matching fluid micro-channel wall, thereby can realize that thaw effects improves switching response speed more fast.In addition, transparent nano-porous structure such as nano-structure porous silicon can be adopted in the microflute inside of encapsulation matching fluid, the solidifying point that then is bound by matching fluid wherein may be raised, in other words, matching fluid can be formed solid under higher temperature, therefore, can lower in order to the power that adds cooling module of lowering the temperature, and heat is also corresponding to be reduced required adding of paying when heating up, and power consumption is highly beneficial for reducing.So actual micro groove structure can further be optimized, and will not set off a discussion herein.
Use the mode of patent of the present invention as follows: generally, light signal edge optic path separately, when needs switch it, by external circuit control thermoelectric refrigeration element, matching fluid in the photoswitch is implemented to freeze, making it moment becomes the uniform crystal structure of a kind of refractive index, because the refractive index ratio optical waveguide material of this crystal is little, thereby total reflection can take place in light signal on the interface of waveguide and crystal, and from the waveguide of former waveguide vertical direction transmit, realize the switching effect of light signal thus.When needs make light signal recover the transmission of former road, external circuit control inverse current makes thermoelectric element heat ice crystal, so matching fluid is returned liquid state from crystal state, realize once more and the refractive index match of waveguide material, see through thereby recover the lossless of transmission signals.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of frost thawing type optical network switch is characterized in that, comprising:
One photoswitch substrate (2);
Be arranged on two optical waveguide signal transmission passage (1) and (11) that are right-angled intersection on described photoswitch substrate (2) upper surface;
Be arranged on one section long and narrow miniature conduit (3) of right-angled intersection place of described two optical signal transmission passage (1) and (11), be filled with the matching fluid with fiber waveguide refractive index coupling in the described miniature conduit (3), and with two optical signal transmission passages in one be 45 ° of angles; And
Be arranged on the first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (7) of described miniature conduit (3) top and be arranged on the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (71) below the described miniature conduit (3); The described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (7) and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (71) are electrically connected with external direct current power supply respectively.
2,, it is characterized in that the surperficial of the described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (7) and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (71) directly contacts with matching fluid, perhaps and be separated with the Si substrate between the matching fluid by the described frost thawing type optical network switch of claim 1.
By the described frost thawing type optical network switch of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, the refractive index of the solid crystals that the frozen back of described matching fluid forms is less than the refractive index of optical waveguide material.
4, by claim 1 or 3 described frost thawing type optical network switch, it is characterized in that described matching fluid is D-2011A type amido silicon oil, HD-2011B type amido silicon oil, HD-2013 amido silicon oil or is the mixing silicone oil of its mixing.
5, by the described frost thawing type optical network switch of claim 1, it is characterized in that the described first minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (7) and the second minisize thermoelectric cooling piece (71) are the 1-10 sheet, every volume is 1cm
3-1000nm
3
6, by the described frost thawing type optical network switch of claim 1, it is characterized in that length, width and the degree of depth of described miniature conduit (3) are between 1nm to 1cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004101035451A CN100345026C (en) | 2004-12-29 | 2004-12-29 | freeze-thaw type optical network switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004101035451A CN100345026C (en) | 2004-12-29 | 2004-12-29 | freeze-thaw type optical network switch |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1797050A true CN1797050A (en) | 2006-07-05 |
| CN100345026C CN100345026C (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004101035451A Expired - Fee Related CN100345026C (en) | 2004-12-29 | 2004-12-29 | freeze-thaw type optical network switch |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109283768A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Optical communication switch, light control method, array substrate and display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000275552A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-06 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Liquid moving type optical switch |
| JP2001142010A (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-05-25 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Liquid moving type optical switch |
| US20020034352A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-03-21 | Williams Quinton L. | Optical switch device having an integrated polymer switching element |
| JP3808344B2 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2006-08-09 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Waveguide-type optical switch and switching time control method |
| CN1139827C (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2004-02-25 | 东南大学 | Thermally driven optical fibre switch for micromachinery and its manufacture |
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2004
- 2004-12-29 CN CNB2004101035451A patent/CN100345026C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109283768A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Optical communication switch, light control method, array substrate and display device |
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| CN100345026C (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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