CN1796583A - Magnesium alloy in high toughness, high intensity, and prepartion method - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy in high toughness, high intensity, and prepartion method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention publishes a magnesium alloy with a high toughness and strength and its preparation method. The alloy comprises of 2~10wt% of aluminium, 2~10wt% of silicon, with the rest magnesium and additive elements. The additive elements are Y, Sr, Ca, C, Be and some other rare earth elements, among which Y shares 0~8wt%, Sr shares 0~5wt%, Ca shares 0~5wt%, C shares 0~2wt% and Be shares 0~0.01wt%. The additive rare earth elements are Ce, Nd, Pr, La, Gd and Dy or their complex, with a total rare earth element content of 0~6wt%. The preparation process includes smelting and refining of magnesium alloys and the preparation of semisolid paste or semisolid billet or casting ingot of magnesium alloys. This alloy has a low density, high toughness and strength, excellent creep resistance and thermal fatigue resistance and is able to sufficiently meet the requirements of piston materials for engines, greatly promote the life of cranks and bushings and greatly reduce vibration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high tenacity, high-intensity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy makes it have very significant advantage in many occasions owing to have less density (being a kind of of density minimum in the utility structure metal).Particularly aspect lightweight, has the alternate of being difficult to advantage.The density I of member also has the little advantage of inertia to save the energy in the reciprocating occasion of some high-speed motions especially high speed, and at present, magnesium alloy is not also developed in above-mentioned lightweight and the reciprocating occasion of high speed well.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high tenacity, high strength, density is little and thermal fatigue property is good magnesium alloy.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy preparation method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of high tenacity, high-intensity magnesium alloy, the component content of this magnesium alloy is: Al2～10wt%, Si2～10wt%, all the other are Mg and add element, described interpolation element is Y, Sr, Ca, C, in Be and the rare earth metal element one or more, wherein, the content that adds element Y is 0～8wt%, the content of Sr is 0～5wt%, the content of Ca is 0～5wt%, the content of C is 0～2wt%, the content of Be is 0～0.01wt%, the rare earth metal of described interpolation is Ce, Nd, Pr, La, Gd, pure rare-earth metals such as Dy, or the norium of these rare earth metals, the total content of rare earth metal is 0～6wt%.
High tenacity of the present invention, high-intensity magnesium alloy can be applied in the lightweight aspect of automobile, motorcycle, and in the reciprocating occasion of high speed, automobile, the motorcycle engine piston of particularly making magnesium alloy is exactly a typical example.Materials with smaller density can significantly reduce the mass force of piston, and reduces the impact to bent axle and bearing shell significantly, not only can increase substantially the life-span of bent axle and bearing shell, the more important thing is and has reduced vibration significantly, has improved the comfortableness of vehicle.
In magnesium alloy of the present invention, the optimum content of described Al is 6～8wt%, and the optimum content of Si is 6～8wt%.
In magnesium alloy of the present invention, the optimum content of described interpolation element Y is 1～3%, the optimum content of Sr is 1～2%, the optimum content of Ca is 1～2%, the optimum content of C is 0.1～2%, the optimum content of Be is 0.0004～0.001%.
In magnesium alloy of the present invention, the best total content of described rare earth metal is 2～4%.
The described magnesium alloy preparation method of a kind of claim 1, this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si master alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry or magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank or magnesium alloy ingot.
The preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry can be taked magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring and shearing in temperature-controlled environment, generate magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, also can adopt known similar techniques to come slurrying, but its essence all is stirring in the temperature control environment, shearing, extruding or above-mentioned several effect basically puts on magnesium alloy fused mass simultaneously, obtains magnesium alloy semisolid slurry thus.Wherein, in the preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, also can take magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out induction stirring, simultaneously melt temperature be controlled, thereby form magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.Be to adopt the mechanical stirring method to prepare a kind of method of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry in temperature-controlled environment below, still, the present invention is not limited to this method.
In the preparation method of magnesium alloy of the present invention, in described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is: with said temperature is that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semi-solid state pulper inlet, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring, mixing speed is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds shearing strain speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the moving process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, becomes magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.
Preparation about magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank can have three kinds of approach: the one, prepare magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, and this slurry is poured into is frozen into magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank in the mould then; The 2nd, magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is carried out continuous casting; The 3rd, under induction stirring or churned mechanically effect, adopt continuously or semi-continuous casting method, the preparation magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank, promptly magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out induction stirring or mechanical stirring, by melt temperature control and crystallizer are cooled off continuously, make its continuous solidification become bar-shaped semi-solid magnesium alloy blank.The preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry can be taked magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring and shearing in temperature-controlled environment, generate magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, also can adopt known similar techniques to come slurrying, but its essence all is stirring in the temperature control environment, shearing, extruding or above-mentioned several effect basically puts on magnesium alloy fused mass simultaneously, obtains magnesium alloy semisolid slurry thus.Make it in mould, be frozen into semi-solid blank after preparing magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, wherein a kind of Special Circumstances are that magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is cooled off continuously, solidifies, just magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is cast continuously, to obtain magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank.Said mould preferably has water-cooled.Be a kind of method in first kind of approach below, still, the present invention is not limited to this method.
In the preparation method of magnesium alloy of the present invention, in described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is: earlier magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, again magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, that is: be that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semi-solid state pulper inlet with said temperature, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring, mixing speed is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds shearing strain speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the moving process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, become magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, this slurry is poured into is frozen into magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank in the mould then.
Advantage of the present invention is:
Magnesium alloy density of the present invention is little, toughness and intensity height, creep resistance and thermal fatigue property are good, can fully satisfy the requirement of engine to piston material, adopt the made magnesium alloy engine pistons of magnesium alloy of the present invention can reduce impact significantly to bent axle and bearing shell, increase substantially the life-span of bent axle and bearing shell, the more important thing is and reduced vibration significantly, improved the comfortableness of vehicle.
Embodiment
Used % is weight % in following examples.Following examples comprise the preparation of magnesium alloy, and a kind of application, that is, and and the application of preparation magnesium alloy engine pistons.But magnesium alloy of the present invention has more than the application that is limited among the embodiment, and magnesium alloy density according to the present invention is little, toughness and the good characteristics of intensity height, creep resistance and thermal fatigue property, can also use other aspect.
Embodiment 1
Component content according to magnesium alloy is: Al 8%, and Si 8%, Be 0.0006% and Y 2.5%, and surplus is Mg, gets the raw materials ready, and wherein, Mg adopts magnesium ingot, and Al and Si adopt the Al-Si master alloy.
1. magnesium alloy smelting
Crucible is preheated to 400～500 ℃, sprinkles No. 2 flux of one deck equably at crucible inwall and bottom.Add magnesium ingot, be warming up to fusing, when melt temperature reaches 720～750 ℃, press Al 8%, Si 8%, adds the Al-Si master alloy.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.
Temperature is controlled to 740～750 ℃, presses 0.5% of liquation weight and add C
2Cl
6Carry out the rotten processing of C, make the C content in the liquation reach 0.02%～0.04%.After rotten processing finishes temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carries out refining.Stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is rolled from bottom to top, must not splash, and constantly on the crest of liquation, spread with magnesium alloy refining flux.In the consumption visual fusion liquid of refining agent oxide inclusion content what and decide, generally be about 1.5%～2.0% of charging weight.Refining is warming up to 755～765 ℃ with liquation after finishing, and 20～60min is left standstill in insulation.The purpose that leaves standstill that heats up after the refining is density and the viscosity that reduces liquation, to quicken the precipitating of slag, slag can be had than adequate time precipitate from magnesium melt, unlikely entering in the next procedure.
Add 0.0006% Be and 2.5% Y then respectively.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.After qualified liquation is changed in the pulper.
2. magnesium alloy semisolid slurry preparation
Above-mentioned magnesium alloy fused mass enters from semi-solid state pulper inlet, utilize pulper that magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring, mixing speed is 300 rev/mins, melt is produced be approximately 800～1200/ seconds shearing strain speed, and melt is moved to the pulper exit; Melt temperature is controlled, made melt temperature, become semi solid slurry when making melt arrive the pulper outlet with about 3 ℃/second speed cooling.This semi solid slurry is transferred in the injection chamber of cold-chamber die casting machine.
3. magnesium alloy piston semi-solid state casting forming
At first utilize die heater with mould and die preheating to 260～280 ℃, magnesium alloy pressure-casting tailor-(made) coating in the spraying of mold cavity surface is as the FTwO1 coating that German HA company produces, closed die; After above-mentioned magnesium alloy semisolid slurry transferred to the die casting machine injection chamber, die casting immediately, promptly by drift with the magnesium alloy semisolid slurry injection in mold cavity, be frozen into piston under pressure; The drift injection speed is 1.6～1.8 meter per seconds, and injection ratio pressure is 50～70MPa, and the piston mould remaining time is 10～12 seconds.Naturally cool to room temperature after the depanning, become the magnesium alloy piston blank after removing clout handle, slag trap.Utilize the piston Special Purpose Machine for Processing that blank is worked into final size and shape then.
Finish the manufacturing of magnesium alloy piston to this.This magnesium alloy piston reduces 18～25% than the aluminium-alloy piston quality of same model, significantly reduce the mass force of piston and to the impact of bent axle, bearing shell, not only can increase substantially the life-span of bent axle and bearing shell, the more important thing is and reduced vibration significantly, improve the comfortableness of vehicle.
Embodiment 2
Component content according to magnesium alloy is: Al 7.5%, and Si 7.5%, Ca 2% and Nd 3%, and surplus is Mg, gets the raw materials ready, and wherein, Mg adopts magnesium ingot, and Al and Si adopt the Al-Si master alloy.
1. magnesium alloy smelting
Crucible is preheated to 400～500 ℃, sprinkles No. 2 flux of one deck equably at crucible inwall and bottom.Add magnesium ingot, be warming up to fusing, when melt temperature reaches 700～720 ℃, press Al 7.5%, Si 7.5%, adds the Al-Si master alloy.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.
Temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carries out refining.Stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is rolled from bottom to top, must not splash, and constantly on the crest of liquation, spread with magnesium alloy refining flux.In the consumption visual fusion liquid of refining agent oxide inclusion content what and decide, generally be about 1.5%～2.0% of charging weight.Refining is warming up to 755～765 ℃ with liquation after finishing, and 20～60min is left standstill in insulation.The purpose that leaves standstill that heats up after the refining is density and the viscosity that reduces liquation, to quicken the precipitating of slag, slag can be had than adequate time precipitate from magnesium melt, unlikely entering in the next procedure.
Add 2% Ca, 3% Nd then respectively.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.After qualified liquation is changed in the semi-solid blank preparation facilities.
2. magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank preparation
At first mold is preheating to 200～300 ℃, at mold cavity surface spraying Mg alloy with metal mould gravitational casting tailor-(made) coating, the FTwO1 coating of producing as German HA company.With above-mentioned magnesium alloy liquation at shielding gas (SO
2, CO
2, SF
6Or the mixed gas of they and dry air) protection is poured in the mold after the preheating down, is frozen into magnesium alloy ingot.
Utilize lathe ingot casting to be processed into the crimp blank of φ 120 * 300.With crimp blank heating to 300～360 ℃ and after being incubated 30 minutes, blank is transferred in the container of 800 tons of extrusion machines, be squeezed into the semi-solid state die casting bar of φ 40.After the cooling, the extruded bars sawing is become the semi-solid state die casting blank of φ 40 * 60.
3. magnesium alloy piston semi-solid state casting forming
Adopt magnesium alloy semi solid state to process special-purpose secondary heating furnace, be incubated 1～3 minute the semi-solid state die casting blank heating to 570 of above-mentioned φ 40 * 60～585 ℃, the blank tissue is reached consolidate-liquid blendes together state and produces thixotropy.This blank is transferred in the die casting machine injection chamber, die casting immediately, promptly by drift with the magnesium alloy semisolid slurry injection in mold cavity, be frozen into piston under pressure; The drift injection speed is 1.6～1.8 meter per seconds, and injection ratio pressure is 50～70MPa, and the piston mould remaining time is 10～12 seconds.Naturally cool to room temperature after the depanning, become the magnesium alloy piston blank after removing clout handle, slag trap.Utilize the piston Special Purpose Machine for Processing that blank is worked into final size and shape then.
Finish the manufacturing of magnesium alloy piston to this.This magnesium alloy piston reduces 23～27% than the aluminium-alloy piston quality of same model.
Magnesium alloy of the present invention under 280 ℃ of conditions, the yield strength σ of magnesium alloy
0.2〉=200MPa, impelling strength α 〉=12 joule.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of high tenacity, high-intensity magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that: the component content of this magnesium alloy is: Al 2～10wt%, Si 2～10wt%, all the other are Mg and add element, described interpolation element is Y, Sr, Ca, C, in Be and the rare earth metal element one or more, wherein, the content that adds element Y is 0～8wt%, the content of Sr is 0～5wt%, the content of Ca is 0～5wt%, the content of C is 0～2wt%, the content of Be is 0～0.01wt%, the rare earth metal of described interpolation is Ce, Nd, Pr, La, Gd, the Dy rare earth metal, or the norium of these rare earth metals, the total content of rare earth metal is 0～6wt%.
2, high tenacity according to claim 1, high-intensity magnesium alloy is characterized in that: the content of described Al is 6～8wt%, and the content of Si is 6～8wt%.
3, high tenacity according to claim 1 and 2, high-intensity magnesium alloy is characterized in that: the content of described interpolation element Y is 1～3%, the content of Sr is 1～2%, the content of Ca is 1～2%, the content of C is 0.1～2%, the content of Be is 0.0004～0.001%.
4, high tenacity according to claim 3, high-intensity magnesium alloy is characterized in that: the total content of described rare earth metal is 2～4%.
5, the described magnesium alloy preparation method of a kind of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si master alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry or magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank or magnesium alloy ingot.
6, the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is: with said temperature is that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semi-solid state pulper inlet, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring, mixing speed is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds shearing strain speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the moving process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, becomes magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.
7, the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is: earlier magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, again magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, that is: be that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semi-solid state pulper inlet with said temperature, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical stirring, mixing speed is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds shearing strain speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the moving process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, become magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, this slurry is poured into is frozen into magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank in the mould then.
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| CN101985714A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-16 | 吉林大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102181763A (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2011-09-14 | 河南科技大学 | Rare earth magnesium alloy with stable high-temperature strength |
| CN102181760A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-09-14 | 嘉瑞科技（惠州）有限公司 | Magnesium alloy containing multiple trace rare earths |
| CN101643872B (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-11-02 | 吉林大学 | High-strength high-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101871067B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-05-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Strontium modified silicon-containing high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102747259A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-24 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105057912A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Magnesium-based amorphous alloy solder used for magnesium alloy brazing and preparation method for magnesium-based amorphous alloy solder |
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| US6467527B1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2002-10-22 | Mitsui Mining And Smelting Co., Ltd. | Pressure die-casting process of magnesium alloys |
| JP2002275569A (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2002-09-25 | Ryobi Ltd | CREEP RESISTANT Mg ALLOY |
| JP2004277761A (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-10-07 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Creep resistant die-casting magnesium alloy with high strength |
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| CN101871067B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-05-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Strontium modified silicon-containing high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101643872B (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-11-02 | 吉林大学 | High-strength high-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101985714B (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-09-26 | 吉林大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102747259A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-24 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102181760B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2013-01-02 | 嘉瑞科技（惠州）有限公司 | Magnesium alloy containing multiple trace rare earths |
| CN102181760A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-09-14 | 嘉瑞科技（惠州）有限公司 | Magnesium alloy containing multiple trace rare earths |
| CN102181763B (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2012-07-25 | 河南科技大学 | Rare earth magnesium alloy with stable high-temperature strength |
| CN102181763A (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2011-09-14 | 河南科技大学 | Rare earth magnesium alloy with stable high-temperature strength |
| CN103060650A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-24 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103740992A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-23 | 张霞 | Multi-element heat-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103740992B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-09-09 | 张霞 | A kind of multicomponent heat-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104060174A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-09-24 | 安徽红桥金属制造有限公司 | Automobile rear bridge damping piston and preparation method thereof |
| CN105057912A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Magnesium-based amorphous alloy solder used for magnesium alloy brazing and preparation method for magnesium-based amorphous alloy solder |
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