CN1795338A

CN1795338A - Rotary device with sensor and method for forming apparatus for measuring load on rolling bearing unit

Info

Publication number: CN1795338A
Application number: CN 200480014639
Authority: CN
Inventors: 青木护; 小野浩一郎; 柳泽知之
Original assignee: NSK Ltd
Current assignee: NSK Ltd
Priority date: 2003-05-28
Filing date: 2004-05-21
Publication date: 2006-06-28
Also published as: JP2004353735A

Abstract

A rotary device includes: a main body; a rolling bearing attached to the main body, the rolling bearing including an inner ring, an outer ring and a retainer rollably retaining rolling elements; an annular magnet having a multipolar magnetization; a back yoke-forming member; and a magnetism sensor disposed on the main body. The annular magnet and the back yoke-forming member are integrally provided on the retainer and disposed opposed to the magnetism sensor separated by a predetermined distance.

Description

Measure the whirligig with sensor of load on rolling bearing unit and the method that forms this device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of whirligig and a kind of method that forms described whirligig, thereby described device can be measured the rotational speed of the bearing cage that is used for whirligig and detects the rotational speed of running shaft or estimate load on the described bearing with sensor.

And, the device that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit according to the present invention relates to being used to support the improvement that the roller bearing unit of the mobile agent wheel of automobile, rail vehicle and transport vehicle for example carries out, and described device is used for measuring load on the roller bearing unit (radial load and thrust load one or two kind) so that guarantee stability in the mobile agent movement process.

Background technique

At present, be used for that the whirligig that the rotational speed by the running shaft of bearings detects is had magnetic encoder that for example is installed on the bearing rotating part and the magnetometric sensor that is oppositely arranged with aforementioned magnetic encoder usually, thereby detect rotational speed according to magnetic force change.

In recent years, rotation speed sensor being combined in the bearing that is used for supporting rotating shaft is widely used.For rotation speed sensor being combined in the described bearing, usually adopt following method, that is, the magnet that will have a multi-polar magnetic is fixed to an end of bearing rotating ring (ring for example) and magnetometric sensor is fixed to and a be relatively fixed end of ring (for example outer shroud) of magnet.

Another kind of method is disclosed among the JP-A-2001-033469.This method is included on each side of rolling member magnet and magnetometric sensor is set.In this structure, the process speed of rolling member is detected.The rotational speed of whirligig is measured according to this process speed.

Yet, in the whirligig with sensor of aforementioned prior art, disclosed shortcoming with whirligig of sensor is magnetometric sensor is installed among the JP-A-2001-033469 needs to be provided with magnetic encoder or sensor and is used for fixing its parts on the whirligig, thereby is difficult to reduce described device size.In addition, the shortcoming that relates to the method for rolling member tachometric survey is that the resolution of measurement result is subjected to the restriction of rolling member quantity.

The example that can reduce the rotary speed detecting device of size is the device with following structure, promptly, remaining on only has specific some to be magnetized in a plurality of rolling members in the retainer and is oppositely arranged such as magnetometric sensor and these magnetized rolling members of Hall unit, make when turning round by rolling member changes of magnetic field and the voltage change that causes detects by Hall unit.

Yet, the pole orientation that the shortcoming of aforesaid rotary speed detecting device is to magnetize rolling member is not all the time towards Hall unit, this makes that when the detection faces of Hall unit and magnetic flux direction are parallel to each other Hall unit can not change its magnetic flux and detect passing through of magnetization rolling member.The accuracy that the result causes measuring descends.

For example, the wheel of automobile supports rotatably by suspension and double angular contact bearing unit.In order to ensure required automobile running stability, need use for example vehicle driving stabilizer of antilock braking system (ABS) (ABS), traction control system (TCS) and vehicle stability controlled system (VSC).In order to control this vehicle driving stabilizer, need expression wheel rotational speed and act on the signal of the acceleration etc. of vehicle body with different direction.In addition, in order to carry out more high-precision control, preferably need to obtain to impose on the load capacity (one or both in radial load and the thrust load) of roller bearing unit sometimes by wheel.

In these cases, a kind of roller bearing unit that the energy structure is measured the load-measuring device of radial load that has is disclosed among the JP-A-2001-21577.First example that has the roller bearing unit of load-measuring device in the prior art is suitable for measuring radial load and has as shown in Figure 13 structure.Hub 102 is by the internal surface supporting of outer shroud 101, and hub 102 is rotating rings and is and the corresponding member of interior ring that outer shroud 101 is retaining rings and is with the corresponding member of outer shroud and by suspension support.The interior ring that wheel hub 102 comprises the hub body 104 with rotary side flange 103 and is assemblied in that hub body 104 the inners (being installed in the transverse center of the hub body 104 on the vehicle) are gone up and pushed by nut 105, flange 103 is used for the wheel that is arranged on its outer end (being installed in the lateral outer ends of the hub body 104 on the vehicle) is fixed.A plurality of

rolling member

109a, 109b are arranged at the double outer shroud seat ring 107,107 that forms retaining ring seat ring on outer shroud 101 internal surfaces and form between the double interior ring seat circle 108,108 of rotary side seat ring on wheel hub 102 outer surfaces, make that wheel hub 102 can sideway swivel in outer shroud 101.

The mounting hole 110 that radially passes outer shroud 101 forms in the axial intermediate portion office of outer shroud 101 and is substantially perpendicular to outer shroud 101 upper ends and between double outer shroud seat ring 107,107.Be installed in the mounting hole 110 on the outer shroud 101 as the circular rod-shaped displacement transducer 111 of load measuring cell.Displacement transducer 111 is contactless.Be set in place the relatively also close sensor ring 112 outer surface settings that are assemblied on the wheel hub 102 axial intermediate portions in detection surface on displacement sensor 111 front ends (lower end).Displacement transducer 111 is according to the variable in distance output signal that detects between surface and sensor ring 112 outer surfaces.

The prior art roller bearing unit energy with load-measuring device that adopts aforementioned structure is according to the load of determining from the testing signal of displacement transducer 111 on the roller bearing unit.Specifically, when the outer shroud that supported by vehicle suspension 101 is pressed downward owing to vehicle weight, the wheel hub 102 maintenance current locations of supporting wheel.Therefore, along with vehicle weight increases, because the resiliently deformable of outer shroud 101, wheel hub 102 and

rolling member

109a, 109b, the deviation at outer shroud 101 centre distance wheel hubs 102 centers increases.And, along with the increase of vehicle weight, be arranged on the detection surface of displacement transducer 111 of outer shroud 101 upper ends and the distance between sensor ring 112 outer surfaces and reduce.Therefore, by being sent to controller from the testing signal of displacement transducer 111, promptly can according to by experiment or the relation set up in advance of other method or chart measure radial load on the roller bearing unit that wherein is combined with displacement transducer 111.According to the load on the roller bearing unit of measuring thus, ABS is by suitable control.In addition, the operator can obtain the information that vehicle has abnormal load.

Prior art constructions shown in Figure 13 can detect the load on the roller bearing unit and the rotational speed of wheel hub 102.For this purpose, rotor sensor 113 is assemblied on the inner of interior ring 106.In addition, rotational speed detecting sensor 115 is by outer cover 114 supportings that are installed on outer shroud 101 inside openings.And the zone to be detected on the test section of rotational speed detecting sensor 115 and the rotor sensor 113 is oppositely arranged, and has measurement clearance between the two.

Be combined with therein between the on-stream period of roller bearing unit of aforementioned rotary speed detecting device, rotor sensor 113 is with wheel hub 102 rotations that are fixed with wheel.When treating that area operation that sensor rotor 113 detects enters near the test section of rotational speed detecting sensor 115, the output of rotational speed detecting sensor 115 changes.Thus, the rotational speed of the frequency of expression rotational speed detecting sensor 115 output variations and wheel is proportional.Therefore, by output signal is sent to unshowned controller from rotational speed detecting sensor 115, can carry out suitable control to ABS or TCS.

Adopt first example of the rolling bearing with load-measuring device of above-mentioned prior art structure to be applicable to the radial load of measuring on the roller bearing unit.Also disclose the structure of measuring thrust load on the roller bearing unit among the JP-A-3-209016 etc., this structure is known at present.Figure 14 shows disclosed roller bearing unit with the load-measuring device that is used to measure thrust load among the JP-A-3-209016.In second example of prior art structure, be used for the rotary side flange 103a of supporting wheel and the outer surface of wheel hub 102a outer end and fix, wheel hub 102a is rotating ring and is and the corresponding member of interior ring.And the fixed side flange 117 that is used to support outer shroud 101a is fixed in the exterior edge face of outer shroud 101a, outer shroud 101a be retaining ring and be with the knuckle 116 of forming suspension on the corresponding member of outer shroud.In addition, a plurality of

rolling member

109a, 109b rollably are arranged on and form the double outer shroud seat ring 107,107 on the outer shroud 101a internal surface and be formed in double on the wheel hub 102a outer surface between the ring seat circle 108,108, make the wheel hub 102a inboard supporting by outer shroud 101a rotatably.

And load transducer 120 is secured to the zone around tapped hole 119, and the screw 118 that is used to fixed side flange 117 is connected with knuckle 116 in tapped hole 119 is screwed in a plurality of positions on fixed side flange 117 internal surfaces.These load transducers 120 are clipped in respectively between knuckle 116 outer surfaces and fixed side flange 117 internal surfaces, and outer shroud 101a is by knuckle 116 supportings simultaneously.

In the situation of second example of the roller bearing unit load-measuring device that adopts above-mentioned prior art structure, when certain Axial Loads was between unshowned wheel and knuckle 116, knuckle 116 outer surfaces and fixed side flange 117 internal surfaces are the strong extrusion load sensor from its side respectively.Therefore, by the measurement result summation that load transducer 120 is provided, can determine to be applied to the thrust load between wheel and the knuckle 116.Although do not illustrate, JP-B-62-3365 discloses a kind of basis and has determined the rolling member rotational speed and measured the method that is applied to thrust load on the rolling bearing that the part of described outer shroud has the rigidity of reducing with the corresponding vibration frequency of the member of outer shroud.

In first example case of prior art structure shown in Figure 13, outer shroud 101 and wheel hub 102 radial displacement are relative to each other measured by displacement transducer 111, thereby measure the load that is applied on the roller bearing unit.Yet, because radial displacement is very trickle, thus be necessary to use have high-precision sensor as displacement transducer 111 so that accurately determine radial load.Because this to have a high-precision noncontacting proximity sensor cost very high, so increased the overall cost of the roller bearing unit with load-measuring device inevitably.

And, in the situation of second example of the structure of prior art shown in Figure 14, need to be provided with and the identical load transducer 120 of screw 118 quantity that is used to support outer shroud 101a on the knuckle 116.Therefore, consider the expensive cost of load transducer 120 itself, the load-measuring device overall cost of roller bearing unit increases inevitably.And disclosed method need have the rigidity that reduces with the part of the corresponding member of outer shroud among the JP-B-62-3365, and this may cause to be difficult to make with the corresponding member of outer shroud has required durability.

In these cases, inventors have ever made an invention that relates to a kind of roller bearing unit load-measuring device in early days, this device is according to the rotating speed of two row's rolling members (a plurality of ball) of forming roller bearing unit, measure put on as the roller bearing unit of double angular contact ball bearing radially or thrust load (Japanese patent application No.2003-171715 and 2003-172483).Under the situation of the roller bearing unit load-measuring device of implementing to invent according to prior art, in order to determine the rotating speed of many row's rolling members, from the angle of the definite resolution of rotating speed, the retainer rotational speeies that detect the many rows of maintenance rolling members are effective.In this case, need to detect encoder by retainer bearing and turning speed.Also can preferably rubber or plastic magnet be detected encoder as this rotating speed, described rubber or plastic magnet have the Powdered or microfibril ferromagnetic material that is combined in rubber or the synthetic resin.But use this rubber magnet or plastic magnet can reduce the cost of described device and high-resolution ground and guarantee that reliability ground detects rotating speed.

Yet, in a plurality of retainers comprise that respectively rubber magnet that detects encoder as rotating speed disposed thereon or plastic magnet are with the situation of determining many row's rolling member rotating speed, need to consider to prevent Powdered or the microfibril ferromagnetic material separates with rubber magnet or plastic magnet.In other words, practise physiognomy each other in the test section that rotating speed detects zone to be detected on the encoder and rotating speed detecting sensor over the ground, have between them from about measurement clearance of 0.5 to 2mm near being provided with.On the other hand, be provided with the groove gap between the internal surface of the groove that is provided with and the rolling member rolling surface in a plurality of retainers, this gap allows rolling member to roll and required lubricant oil is attached to the rolling surface of rolling member.Therefore, retainer carries out displacement with the amount corresponding to the groove gap probably, causes detector gap to reduce.

When detector gap reduces, cause rotating speed to detect the test section of zone to be detected on the encoder and rotating speed detecting sensor or be positioned at retainer near other member (slip) contact with each other, being exposed to the Powdered or micro fibre material that remains on the surveyed area can come off.Because Powdered or micro fibre material by the magnet material with high hardness for example ferrite and iron make, so thereby when coming off pollution lubricating oil, can damage the rolling surface of rolling member and the rolling contact area of outer shroud seat ring and interior ring seat circle.As a result, can damage the durability (rolling fatigue life decline) that comprises the roller bearing unit that is combined in load-measuring device wherein.And lubricant oil is polluted the accuracy of detection that may cause the rotating speed detecting sensor by Powdered or micro fibre material and descends.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned defective of prior art and provide a kind of have high-resolution, and can reduce the whirligig of the sensor of size and a kind of method that is used to form whirligig with sensor.

According to above-mentioned situation, the present invention realizes a kind of equipment that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit, by preventing Powdered or microfibril ferromagnetic material from detecting the rubber magnet of encoder as rotating speed or the zone to be detected on the plastic magnet comes off, described equipment can provide the required durability and the precision of load measurement for roller bearing unit.

According to above-mentioned situation, the present invention realizes a kind of equipment that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit, and this equipment can not cause any problem of durability or installing space with the low cost formation, and can measure the load that imposes on roller bearing unit.

Summary of the invention

In order to address the above problem, the present invention relates to a kind of whirligig with sensor, it comprise have interior ring, outer shroud and rollably keep the rolling bearing of the retainer of rolling member, have the multipole magnetized toroidal magnet on the rotating part that is installed in rolling bearing and be arranged on magnetic sensor on the described apparatus main body side with predetermined interval in the face of toroidal magnet, wherein said retainer has in the face of the toroidal magnet of described magnetic sensor and the backing yoke formed parts that is wholely set with it.

And above-mentioned retainer is made by magnetic material and is had a toroidal magnet that is installed on its side.

And, annular construction member that the synthetic resin material that is arranged on its side makes is made and had to above-mentioned retainer as described backing yoke formed parts by nonmagnetic substance, have multipole magnetized toroidal magnet and fix and be layered on the described backing yoke formed parts surface.

And, have multipole magnetized aforementioned toroidal magnet and make by plastic magnet.

Be arranged on other regional structure of bearing with toroidal magnet and compare, aforementioned structure, promptly retainer has the toroidal magnet that is installed on the one side, can impel described equipment size to reduce.

And, because retainer has backing yoke formed parts and multipole toroidal magnet disposed thereon, magnetic flux density towards magnetic sensor is increased, thereby can between toroidal magnet and sensor, provide relatively large air clearance, and big manufacturing tolerances, the backing yoke function of finishing annular construction member simultaneously is to reduce magnetic leakage.

And, because described multipole toroidal magnet made by plastic magnet, so retainer can not be subjected to the influence of the vibration that caused by the imbalance that magnet weight causes, for example racing (whirling).

The rotational speed of retainer changes with the load on the bearing.For example, when the thrust load on the bearing increased, the wrapping angle with bearing element member of bearer ring increased, thereby caused the rising of the rotational speed of rolling member rotating speed and retainer.

Therefore, by measuring the rotational speed of retainer, can estimate the load on the bearing.

The all devices that the present invention is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit comprises that retaining ring, rotating ring, many rolling members, pair of holders, a pair of rotating speed detect encoder, a pair of rotating speed detecting sensor and arithmetic and logical unit.

In these members, even at run duration, retaining ring can not rotate yet.

Above-mentioned rotating ring is rotated with the concentric setting of retaining ring and at run duration.

Described a plurality of rolling member rollably is arranged between a pair of fixed side seat ring and the rotary side seat ring, described a pair of fixed side seat ring and rotary side seat ring are respectively formed at the opposed area of described retaining ring and described rotating ring, in this structure, described two row's rolling members have the opposite wrapping angle of direction.

Described retainer is separately positioned between retaining ring and the rotating ring, and is rotated along with the revolution that remains in the rolling member in a plurality of grooves that are arranged in each described retainer.

Described a pair of rotating speed detects encoder respectively by the retainer supporting, rotates jointly with described retainer and has along the attribute of its circumferencial direction alternate.

Described a pair of rotating speed detecting sensor is supported by retainer respectively, and has respectively and relative test section, described surface to be detected, thereby respectively each rotating speed of arranging rolling member is detected.

And the testing signal that described arithmetic and logical unit provides according to the rotating speed detecting sensor calculates the load between retaining ring and the rotating ring.

And each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises ring-shaped rubber magnet or annular plastics magnet, and described magnet has the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on one axle side and the N utmost point so that form relatively surface to be detected near one of described rotating speed detecting sensor.

Thus, the equipment that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit according to the present invention has following structure, promptly, when described retainer when displacement is carried out on described surface to be detected, the part of described retainer contacts with another member that is provided with near described retainer, thereby prevents that surface to be detected from directly rubbing with described another member.

And the equipment that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit according to the present invention has following structure, that is, zone to be detected can be covered by protective film, thereby prevents that other member that zone to be detected and relative proximity retainer are provided with from directly friction taking place.

The rotating speed that the equipment that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit with said structure according to the present invention has an every row of two row's rolling members of different wrapping angles by detection is measured the load on the roller bearing unit.In other words, when load was applied to roller bearing unit such as double angular contact ball bearing, the wrapping angle of rolling member (ball) changed, and causes the variation of the rotating speed of rolling member.Therefore, the rotating speed by detecting rolling member can be determined the load between retaining ring and the outer shroud as the rotational speed of retainer.

And, adopt according to the equipment that is used to measure load on rolling bearing unit of the present invention, can prevent that detecting the rubber magnet of encoder or the zone to be detected on the plastic magnet and other member as rotating speed rubs.Thus, can prevent Powdered or the microfibril ferromagnetic material drops from zone to be detected, thus can guarantee durability that roller bearing unit is required and load detect in required testing precision.

The all devices that the present invention is used to detect load on rolling bearing unit comprises that retaining ring, rotating ring, many rolling members, pair of holders, a pair of rotating speed detect encoder, a pair of rotating speed detecting sensor and arithmetic and logical unit.

In these members, even at run duration, retaining ring does not rotate yet.

Above-mentioned rotating ring rotates with the concentric setting of retaining ring and at run duration.

And at the equipment that is used for measuring load on rolling bearing unit according to the present invention, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises having the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on its axial side and the ring shape permanent magnet of the N utmost point.And each rotating speed detection encoder is inserted into during the retainer injection moulding, thereby makes their engage and be fixed to an axial side of retainer.

And at the equipment that is used for measuring load on rolling bearing unit according to the present invention, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises having the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on its axial opposite side and the ring shape permanent magnet of the N utmost point.Each rotating speed detects encoder and is inserted in the recess that forms during the retainer injection moulding, thereby makes them engage and be fixed to an axial end of retainer.

In addition, at the equipment that is used for measuring load on rolling bearing unit according to the present invention, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises having the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on its axial opposite side and the ring shape permanent magnet of the N utmost point.In the recess that each rotating speed detection encoder injection moulding forms during the retainer injection moulding, thereby make their engage and be fixed to an axial end of retainer.

And it is ring-shaped rubber magnet or plastic magnet that each rotating speed detects encoder, and described magnet has the S utmost point and the N utmost point that is arranged alternately on its axial opposite side.Each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises the Powdered or microfibril magnetic material that is combined in the synthetic resin identical with constituting retainer.In the time of the retainer injection moulding, each rotating speed detects the axial end of encoder injection moulding at retainer, fixes thereby they and the axial termination of retainer are merged.

And, according to the equipment that is used to detect load on rolling bearing unit of the present invention, rotating speed detection encoder can be enhanced with respect to the bond strength of retainer, thereby can prevent that described encoder breaks away from from retainer, even after long-term the use, also can make described load detection facility have enough reliabilities thus.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the whirligig sectional view with sensor of diagram example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the crown retainer of illustrated example 2;

Fig. 3 is the schematic representation that position relation between crown retainer and the sensor is shown;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view that the present invention is applied to the hub of wheel bearing in the example 3;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of a kind of structure of diagram, of the present inventionly is used to measure the equipment of load on rolling bearing unit based on described structure;

Fig. 6 is the zoomed-in view of the part A of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the schematic representation of the structure after retainer, rolling member, rotating speed detection encoder and the rotating speed detecting sensor of removing among Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the schematic representation of roller bearing unit, is used for the reason why diagram can measure load based on rotational speed;

Fig. 9 is that the rotating speed that is connected with of diagram example 4 of the present invention detects the retainer of encoder and the partial sectional view of sensor unit;

Figure 10 (A)-(C) is the partial sectional view of three examples of diagram retainer displacement;

Figure 11 is the sectional view corresponding to Fig. 6 part B of diagram example 5 of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the partial sectional view that rotating speed detects the retainer of encoder that is connected with of diagram example 6 of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the sectional view of present known roller bearing unit, is combined with in the described roller bearing unit to be used for the radial load measured sensor;

Figure 14 is the sectional view of present known roller bearing unit, is combined with in the described roller bearing unit to be used for the thrust load measured sensor;

Figure 15 is the partial sectional view that rotating speed detects the retainer of encoder that is connected with of diagram example 4 of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the partial sectional view that the rotating speed that is removed detects encoder;

Figure 17 is the partial sectional view that rotating speed detects the retainer of encoder that is connected with of diagram example 5 of the present invention;

Figure 18 is the partial sectional view that the rotating speed that is removed detects encoder;

Figure 19 is the partial sectional view that rotating speed detects the retainer of encoder that is connected with of diagram example 6 of the present invention;

Figure 20 is the partial sectional view that the rotating speed that is removed detects encoder;

Figure 21 is the partial sectional view that rotating speed detects the retainer of encoder that is connected with of diagram example 7 of the present invention;

Figure 22 is a partial sectional view of diagram retainer; And

Figure 23 be diagram example 8 of the present invention have a how partial sectional view of injection moulding of retainer that rotating speed detects encoder.

In these accompanying drawings, reference character 1 expression running shaft, reference character 2,3 represent rolling bearing (ball bearing) respectively, reference character 2a, 3a represents outer shroud respectively, reference character 2b, 3b represents interior ring respectively, reference character 5 expression magnetic sensors, reference character 6 expression retainers, reference character 7 expression rolling members (ball), reference character 8 toroidal magnets, the crown retainer of reference character 10 expressions, reference character 11 expression annular construction member＜doughnut-shaped steel plates 〉, reference character 111,101a represents outer shroud respectively, reference character 112,102a represents wheel hub respectively, reference character 113,103a represents the rotary side flange respectively, reference character 114 expression hub bodies, reference character 115 expression nuts, ring in reference character 116 expressions, reference character 117 expression outer shroud seat rings, ring seat circle in reference character 118 expressions, reference character 119a, 109a represents rolling member respectively, reference character 110,110a represents mounting hole respectively, reference character 111 expression displacement transducers, reference character 112 expression sensor ring, reference character 113 expression rotor sensors, reference character 114 expression outer covers, reference character 115,115a represents the rotational speed detecting sensor respectively, reference character 116 expression knuckles, reference character 117 expression fixed side flanges, reference character 118 expression screws, reference character 119 expression tapped holes, reference character 120 expression load transducers, reference character 121a, 121b represents retainer respectively, reference character 121a, 121b represents retainer respectively, reference character 122 expression sensor units, reference character 123 expression test sections, reference character 124a, 124b represents the rotating speed detecting sensor respectively, reference character 125,125a represents gear ring respectively; Reference character 126a, 126b represent that respectively rotating speed detects encoder, reference character 127 expression rotational speeies detect encoder, reference character 128 expression rubber magnets, reference character 129,129a represent backing yoke (back yoke) respectively, reference character 130a, 130b represent pressing section respectively, reference character 131 expression protuberances, reference character 132 expression recesses (indentation); With reference character 133 expression protective films.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with description of drawings embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the whirligig with sensor of diagram example 1 of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, running shaft 1 supports by ball bearing 2,3 by shell 4, and wherein ball bearing 2,3 is respectively a rolling bearing.Shell 4 has the outer housing cover 4a that is fixed in its two ends.Ball bearing 2,3 by be assemblied in outer shroud 2a, 3a in the shell 4, be assemblied in interior ring 2b, the 3b on the running shaft 1 and be clipped in outer shroud 2a, 3a with interior ring 2b, 3b between the ball 7 that also rollably keeps by retainer 6 respectively form.The retainer 6 of ball bearing 2 is made by magnetic material, and has the multipole magnetized toroidal magnet 8 that is fixed to its side.View from figure, the outer housing cover 4a that is positioned at the left side has magnetic sensor 5, the position of this sensor and magnet 8 relative and air clearances that existence is scheduled between the two.Retainer 6 can be crown retainer.

In this structure, the rotation of retainer 6 makes the N and the S utmost point of the toroidal magnet 8 of retainer 6 alternately pass magnetic sensor 5, when running shaft 1 and interior ring 2b, the 3b that are wholely set with it were accompanied by the rotation of retainer 6 and rotate jointly, the rotation number of retainer 6 was detected.But rotational speed according to testing result reference axis 1.

In said structure, promptly, retainer 6 has the multipole toroidal magnet 8 and the magnetic sensor 5 that are fixed in this retainer and is oppositely arranged with multipole toroidal magnet 8, is positioned at ball bearing 2,3 other regional structures with toroidal magnet 8 and compares, and described device size can be reduced.

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the crown retainer of diagram example 2 of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the schematic representation of position relation between crown retainer of diagram and the sensor.

Fig. 2 has and the essentially identical structure of rotary device structure shown in Fig. 1, and therefore its total is not shown.Yet the difference of Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 is, has used non magnetic crown retainer 10.Crown retainer 10 is formed by the material that uses glass fibre to obtain strengthening such as the resin of polyamide.Doughnut-shaped steel plate 11 is bonded at crown retainer 10 bottoms, and doughnut-shaped steel plate 11 is by the magnetic material annular construction member made of cold rolled sheet (SPCC), silicon steel plate, martensite base stainless steel (SUS) and ferrite base stainless steel (SUS) for example.And doughnut-shaped steel plate 11 has toroidal magnet 8, this toroidal magnet by be bonded at its surface, have multipole magnetized plastic magnet and make.Retainer 10 must not be a crown shape, can use other type yet.

The magnetization of toroidal magnet 8 can be carried out after it is fixed to doughnut-shaped steel plate 11.And, effectively, carry out insert molding and they are fixed to retainer 10 with by the doughnut-shaped steel plate 11 that magnetic material is made.And, effectively, the toroidal magnet of being made by plastic magnet 8 is carried out double color mold-making (two-color mold) and it is fixed.

In this structure, as shown in Figure 3, the doughnut-shaped steel plate of making by magnetic material 11 as the backing yoke of toroidal magnet 8 so that magnetic flux orientation as shown by arrows, thereby can strengthen magnetic flux density, between magnet and sensor 5, can form bigger air clearance thus towards magnetic sensor 5 (referring to Fig. 1).Thus, manufacturing tolerances increases, thereby can realize enough precision surpluses in member and assembly.In addition, described backing yoke can make doughnut-shaped steel plate 11 eliminate magnetic leakage, thereby can prevent any adverse effect to other device and mechanism.

By using the light plastic magnet to form toroidal magnet 8 in example 1 and 2, retainer can not be subjected to the influence of the vibration that caused by the imbalance that magnet 8 weight cause, for example racing.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of illustrated example 3, and wherein the present invention is used for the hub of wheel bearing.

Example 1 comprises the magnet sensor 5 that is positioned at two row's bearings, 2,3 outsides, and example 3 comprises the magnet sensor 5 that is positioned between two row's bearings (two retainers 14), as shown in Figure 4.

In Fig. 4, the hub that is used for wheel bearing is made up of hub wheel 13 and angular contact ball bearing 17.Hub wheel 13 has radially outer flange 13a and quill shaft 13b, and unshowned wheel is installed on the radially outer flange 13a, and quill shaft 13b has the bearing assembly area of rollably being supported by angular contact ball bearing 17.It is double to external form that angular contact ball bearing 17 belongs to, comprise interior ring, independent outer shroud 16, a plurality of

ball

18a, 18b and two

crown retainer

14a, 14b, ring is formed by the interior ring element 15c that is formed directly into the interior ring seat circle 15a on the quill shaft 13b and be assemblied on the minor diameter circumference of the quill shaft 13b with inner race 15b in wherein said, outer shroud 16 has and interior

ring seat circle

15a, 15b two opposite

rows seat ring

16a, 16b, a plurality of

ball

18a, 18b is arranged to insert between the phase counter race of interior ring and outer shroud, described

crown retainer

14a, 14b rollably keeps ball 18a, 18b.Be mounted in the radially outer flange 16b on the suspension on outer shroud 16 circumference.

The retainer 14b of interior ring element 15c side has the multipole toroidal magnet 8 that is installed in its side.Magnetic sensor 5 is fixed on the outer shroud 16, and relative with toroidal magnet 8, and its interbody spacer has predetermined air clearance.

In said structure, promptly toroidal magnet 8 is arranged on the side of retainer 14b and between

retainer

14a and 14b, and magnet sensor 5 is arranged between retainer 14a and the 14b, and the size of described equipment is compared with 2 and can further be reduced with example 1.

Preferably, rotating speed detects the side support of encoder by the retainer gear ring.Interior and the outward edge of gear ring is all axially outstanding above zone to be detected.

In this structure, no matter retainer moves with any direction, and before zone to be detected and the friction of other member, the interior and outward edge of gear ring all contacts with other member that contiguous retainer is provided with.As a result, guarantee to prevent zone to be detected and described other member friction.

Equally preferably, a bearer ring in retaining ring and the rotating ring is and the corresponding member of outer shroud that another is and the corresponding member of interior ring that rolling member is a plurality of balls.Be arranged at be formed on the corresponding external surface of structural member of interior ring on double angle contacting in ring seat circle and a plurality of balls of being formed between the double angle contacting outer shroud seat ring on the corresponding inner surface of component of outer shroud be provided with the back-to-back wrapping angle that combines.

In this structure, can carry out enough accurate the measurement to the load on the roller bearing unit with big bearing rigidity.

Further preferably, be provided be used to detect rotational speed sensor to detect the rotational speed of rotating ring.Arithmetic and logical unit calculates the radial load that puts between retaining ring and the rotating ring according to the ratio of rotational speed and row's rolling member and another row's rolling member rotating speed sum of rotating ring.

In this structure, can accurately determine to be applied to the radial load between rotating ring and the retaining ring, and need not consider the variation of the rotational speed of rotating ring.

Further preferably, be provided be used to detect rotational speed sensor to detect the rotational speed of rotation.Arithmetic and logical unit calculates the thrust load that is applied between retaining ring and the rotating ring according to the ratio of the difference of rotating speed between rotating ring rotational speed and row's rolling member and another row's rolling member.

In this structure, can accurately determine to be applied to the thrust load between rotating ring and the retaining ring, and need not consider the variation of the rotational speed of rotating ring.By according to the described two ratio calculation thrust loads that flow back to rotary speed,, also can accurately determine thrust load even the rotational speed of rotating ring is not determined.

Fig. 5 to 10 illustrates embodiment according to the present invention 4.This example relates to the situation of the roller bearing unit load measurement equipment of the load (radial load and thrust load) on the roller bearing unit that applies the present invention to measurement supporting automotive driven wheel (front-wheel of front-mounted engine rear wheel drive truck (FR), rear engine rear wheel drive truck (RR) and mid-ships engine rear wheel drive truck (MR) and the trailing wheel of front-mounted engine front-drive car (FF)).Because the structure of roller bearing unit itself and effect are identical with the structure of prior art shown in Figure 13, thus with Figure 13 in identical parts will use identical reference character and symbol, and omit or simplify its explanation of carrying out.Below explanation will be conceived to the characteristic of example of the present invention.

A plurality of rolling members (ball) 109a, 109b is arranged to respectively by retainer 121a, double (two rows) that 121b rollably keeps, and be positioned at double angle contacting ring seat circle 108,108 and double angle contacting outer shroud seat ring 107, between 107, ring seat circle 108 in the double angle contacting, 108 form the rotary side seat ring on wheel hub 102 outer surfaces, wheel hub 102 is rotating rings and is and the corresponding member of interior ring, double angle contacting outer shroud seat ring 107,107 form the retaining ring on outer shroud 101 internal surfaces, outer shroud 101 is retaining rings and is and the corresponding member of outer shroud that wheel hub 102 is rollably supported by the inboard of outer shroud 101 thus.In this structure, two row's rolling member 109a, 109b are respectively equipped with identical size but opposite wrapping angle α a, the α b (Fig. 6) of direction, thereby form combined back-to-back double angular contact ball bearing.Two row rolling member 109a, 109b are applied pilot pressure to a certain degree, so that its thrust load that can not apply because of operation period and reducing.At the run duration of the roller bearing unit with aforementioned structure, outer shroud 101 is supported by suspension and fixes with it, and brake disc and wheel are fixed by rotary side flange 103 supports of wheel hub 102 and with it.

Mounting hole 110a radial penetration outer shroud 101 forms, and this mounting hole site and is in the axial intermediate portion office of the outer shroud 101 that forms roller bearing unit between double outer race 107,107.Sensor unit 122 is contained in from the mounting hole 110a that outer shroud 101 radial outsides extend to the inside.Be arranged on the test section 123 outstanding internal surfaces that surpass outer shroud 101 on sensor unit 122 front ends.Test section 123 is provided with a pair of rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b and rotational speed detecting sensor 115a.

In these members, rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b are suitable for measuring the rotating speed of double rolling member 109a, 109b.Zone to be detected is arranged on test section 123 along wheel hub 102 axially on the both sides of (Fig. 5,6 laterally).Under the situation of this example, rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b detect the rotating speed of rolling

member

109a, 109b, with the rotational speed as retainer 121a, 121b.For this purpose, under the situation of this example, the gear ring part 125,125 that constitutes

retainer

121a, 121b respectively is positioned opposite to each other.The annular rotating speed detects

encoder

126a, 126b is connected with the apparent surface of gear ring part 125,125 respectively on its whole circumference and fix.

Under the situation of present embodiment, rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and is made up of ring-shaped rubber magnet 128 and backing yoke 129 respectively, ring-shaped rubber magnet 128 has the S utmost point and the N utmost point that is arranged alternately on its axial side (from Fig. 9 and 10 right sides of observing) with equidistant from distance, backing yoke 129 is attached to the axial opposite side of rubber magnet (from Fig. 9 and 10 left sides of observing) by the magnetic material of for example steel plate, sulfuration and makes, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10.During retainer 121a injection moulding, rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and is inserted in the gear ring 125 that is arranged on the axial end place of retainer 121a (121b) (right-hand member of observing among Fig. 9).Specifically, rubber magnet 128 and backing yoke 129 vulcanize combination each other.Then, rubber magnet 128 is by axial magnetized.Then, the S utmost point and the N utmost point are arranged alternately on rubber magnet 128 axial sides with equidistant from distance, detect encoder 126a (126b) thereby form rotating speed.After this, rotating speed is detected encoder 126a (126b) and put into the cavity of mould to be used for injection moulding retainer 121a (121b).Then, the synthetic resin that is used to form retainer 121a (121b) injects the cavity that is arranged in formation gear ring 125 appearances (from the right surface that Fig. 9 observes) position.

Therefore, rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) combination and is fixed in a part of gear ring 125 outer surfaces as retainer 121a (121b).In this structure, an axial side of rubber magnet 128 is to the radially intermediate portion of gear ring 125 outer surfaces.Under the situation of this example, rubber magnet 128 has identical radial width with backing yoke 129.Simultaneously, pressing section 130a, the 130b with the L type part that is formed on gear ring 125 outer surface inner edges and outer rim compresses inner edge and the outer rim as rubber magnet 128 outer surfaces in zone to be detected.Therefore, all axially outstanding zone to be detected that surpasses rubber magnet 128 of the front end of pressing section 130a, 130b.In other words, the zone to be detected of rubber magnet 128 is positioned at inner edge and all low position of outer rim than gear ring 125.

Under the situation of this example, by cooperating of

pressing section

130a, 130b and rubber magnet 128 outer surface inner edges and outer rim,

retainer

121a and 121b and rotating

speed detection encoder

126a and 126b difference be mechanical connection each other, and retainer 121a (121b) and rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b) is connected to each other and fixes simultaneously.Therefore, only compare, can guarantee member 121a (121b) and 126a (126b) enough durability connected to one another and reliability with tackiness agent situation connected to one another with these members.As long as can fully guarantee outstanding with the bonding strength of tackiness agent and gear ring 125 outer surface inner edges and outer rim only is in order to reduce the position of rubber magnet 128 zones to be detected to gear ring 125 outer surface inner edges and outer rim, can the outer surface on gear ring 125 whole circumference radially form on the intermediate portion depth ratio rotating speed detect the thickness of encoder 126a (126b) bigger annular notch.In this case, be bonded to each other (bonding) that detect encoder 126a (126b) of retainer 121a (121b) and rotating speed carried out after the injection moulding of retainer 121a (121b).

In addition, by using the rubber magnet made by rubber or plastic magnet, thereby, then can save the backing yoke for permanent magnet provides enough rigidity as permanent magnet with high hardness.Selectively, be pressed into gap between pressing section 130a, the 130b by rotating speed being detected encoder 126a (126b), Zhi Bei retainer 121a (121b) and rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b) can be engaged with each other respectively, and resiliently deformable takes place for pressing

section

130a, 130b simultaneously.In any case, the attribute of an axial side of rubber magnet 128 is along the circumferential direction with the equidistant from distance alternate, and an axial side of described rubber magnet 128 is the zones to be detected that merge fixing rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b) with the axial termination of retainer 121a (121b).

The test section of rotating speed detecting sensor 124a (124b) is oppositely arranged with the axial side with rubber magnet 128 of aforementioned structure, has measurement clearance therebetween, as shown in Figs. 5 to 7, can detect the rotational speed of retainer 121a (121b) thus.Rotating speed detect between the test section of zone to be detected on the encoder 126a (126b) and rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b distance (measurement clearance) preferably from greater than the value in groove gap to 2mm or littler, the groove gap is the groove internal surface of

retainer

121a, 121b and the gap between rolling member 109a, the 109b.When measurement clearance is not more than the groove gap, disadvantageously, even

retainer

121a, 121b are only when carrying out displacement corresponding to the amount in groove gap, zone to be detected and detect the surface and can more may rub toward each other.On the contrary, when measurement clearance surpasses 2mm, be difficult to use rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b accurately to measure the rotation that rotating speed detects

encoder

126a, 126b.

On the other hand, rotational speed detecting sensor 115a is suitable for measuring the rotational speed as the wheel hub 102 of rotating ring.Detect the surface and be positioned on the front end of test section 123, that is, and the radial inner end of outer shroud 101.In addition, the cylinder rotational speed detects encoder 127 and is assemblied on the intermediate portion of wheel hub 102, and in double between the ring seat circle 108,108.The detection surface of rotational speed detecting sensor 115a is oppositely arranged with the outer surface that rotational speed to be detected detects encoder 127.The attribute that rotational speed detects zone to be detected on the encoder 127 detects the rotational speed of wheel hub 102 thus with alternate along the circumferential direction uniformly-spaced by rotational speed detecting sensor 115a.Measurement clearance between the outer surface of rotational speed detection encoder 127 and the detection surface of rotational speed detecting sensor 115a also is predefined for 2mm or littler.

Magnetic rotational speed detecting sensor is as rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b and rotational speed detecting sensor 115a, and they all are the sensors that is used to detect rotational speed.Active sensor is preferably used as this magnetic rotational speed detecting sensor, and described active sensor comprises the magnetic detection element that is combined in wherein for example Hall element, Hall integrated circuit, magnetic resistive element (magnetic resistance (MR) element, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) element) and magnetoimpedance (Ml) element.In order to constitute the active rotational speed detecting sensor that comprises this magnetic detection element that is combined in wherein, one side of described magnetic detection element directly contacts with an end of permanent magnet or contacts with the intervenient stator of being made by magnetic material (under the situation of using the encoder of being made by magnetic material) along its direction of magnetization, and the opposite side of while magnetic detection element directly is oppositely arranged with the zone to be detected on encoder 126a, the 126b, 127 or is directly relative with the intervenient stator of being made by magnetic material.In the situation of this example, owing to use the encoder of making by permanent magnet, so sensor side does not need permanent magnet.

In the situation of equipment that is used for measuring load on rolling bearing unit of this example, be input in the unshowned arithmetic and logical unit from the testing signal of

sensor

124a, 124b, 115a.Then, the testing signal that provides according to

sensor

124a, 124b, 115a of arithmetic and logical unit calculates one in the radial load that is applied between outer shroud 101 and the wheel hub 102 and the thrust load or two kind.For example, in the situation of determining radial load, arithmetic and logical unit is determined the two row's rolling member 109a that detected by rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b, the summation of 109b rotating speed, then, ratio according to rotational speed detecting sensor 115a wheel hub 102 rotational speeies that detect and the summation of determining thus calculates radial load.In addition, the ratio of the two row's rolling member 109a that detect respectively according to wheel hub 102 rotational speeies that detect by rotating speed detecting sensor 115a and rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b, the difference of 109b rotating speed, calculating aforementioned axial load.This will further specify in conjunction with Fig. 8.Wrapping angle α a, the α b that supposes double rolling

member

109a, 109b is the mutually the same thrust load Fa that do not apply simultaneously, carries out following explanation.

How roller bearing unit representative instance and load that Fig. 8 shows the wheel bearing shown in Fig. 5 act on roller bearing unit.The rolling member 109a, the 109b that are arranged to two rows in double between ring seat circle 108,108 and the double outer shroud seat ring 107,107 are applied in pilot pressure Fo, Fo respectively.During operation, weight of vehicle etc. causes radial load Fr to be applied to roller bearing unit.And the centrifugal force that forms during vehicle turns round etc. causes thrust load Fa to be applied to roller bearing unit.Pilot pressure Fo, Fo, radial load Fr and thrust load Fa influence the wrapping angle α (α a, α b) of two row's rolling member 109a, 109b.When wrapping angle α a, α b changed, the rotating speed nc of rolling

member

109a, 109b changed.The middle footpath of supposing rolling

member

109a, 109b is D, the diameter of rolling

member

109a, 109b is d, the rotational speed of the wheel hub 102 of ring seat circle 108,108 was in it was provided with, its rotational speed that is provided with the outer shroud 101 of outer shroud seat ring 107,107 is no, and rotating speed nc represents in order to following equation (1):

nc＝(1-(d·Cosα/D)·(ni/2))+(1+(d·Cosα/D)·(no/2)) (1)

As seen, the rotating speed nc of rolling

member

109a, 109b changes according to the change of the wrapping angle α (α a, α b) of rolling

member

109a, 109b from equation (1).Yet as mentioned above, wrapping angle α a, α b change according to radial load Fr and thrust load Fa.Therefore, rotating speed nc changes according to radial load Fr and thrust load Fa.Under the situation of this example, outer shroud 101 does not rotate because wheel hub 102 rotates, so rotating speed nc reduces along with the increase of radial load F.In addition, for thrust load Fa, row's's (rolling member) of supporting thrust load Fa rotating speed increases, and does not support row's's (rolling member) of thrust load Fa rotating speed decline.Therefore, can determine radial load Fr and thrust load Fa according to rotating speed nc.

Yet, not only when radial load Fr and thrust load Fa are bonded to each other, and at them with pilot pressure Fo, when Fo combines, changing relevant wrapping angle α with rotating speed nc can change.In addition, the proportional variation of rotational speed ni of rotating speed nc and wheel hub 102.Therefore, unless consider the rotational speed ni of radial load Fr, thrust load Fa, pilot pressure Fo, Fo and wheel hub 102 with interosculating, otherwise can not accurately determine rotating speed nc.In these factors, pilot pressure Fo, Fo can be along with running state changes.Therefore, by initial default etc., can easily get rid of the influence of pilot pressure Fo, Fo.On the contrary, the rotational speed ni of radial load Fr, thrust load Fa and wheel hub 102 is all the time along with running state changes.Therefore, can not eliminate their influence by initial default the grade.

Under these situations, in the example of the present invention, as previously mentioned, under the situation that radial load Fr is determined, determine respectively that by rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b two arrange the summation of rolling

member

109a, 109b rotating speed, can reduce the influence of thrust load Fa.And, under the situation that thrust load Fa is determined,, can reduce the influence of radial load Fr by determining the difference between two row's rolling member 109a, the 109b rotating speed.And, under any circumstance, the wheel hub 102 rotational speed ni that determine according to rotational speed detecting sensor 115a can calculate radial load Pr or thrust load Fa with the described summation of determining thus and the ratio of difference, eliminate the influence of the rotational speed ni of wheel hub 102 thus.Yet in the situation according to the ratio calculation thrust load Fa of the rotating speed of two

row rolling member

109a, 109b, the rotational speed ni of wheel hub 102 is not necessary.

Also exist other diverse ways according to from one of the calculated signals radial load Fr of

rotary speed sensor

124a, 124b and thrust load Fa or both.Yet, carried out detailed description and irrelevant among Japanese patent application No.2003-171715 that these methods are quoted in front and the No.2003-172483 with essence of the present invention.Thus, the detailed description that these methods are carried out will be omitted.

Operation have said structure be used to measure the equipment of load on rolling bearing unit during, retainer can 121a, 121b may carry out displacement owing to the existence in groove gap, from conventional state shown in Figure 9 to Figure 10 (A) to (C) the state shown in the amplification.Because the measurement clearance between zone to be detected on rotating speed detection encoder 126a, the 126b and the test section of rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b is narrow as previously mentioned, if do not take measures, the sensor unit 122 that zone to be detected can be provided with the test section with it rubs.On the contrary, in this example, as previously mentioned, the axially outstanding zone to be detected that surpasses on the rubber magnet 128 that forms rotating

speed detection encoder

126a, 126b of the front end of

pressing section

130a, 130b, the zone to be detected on the rubber magnet 128 is arranged in recess at present.In this structure, shown in Figure 10 (A) to (C), no matter

retainer

121a, 121b move in any direction, zone to be detected and sensor unit 122 can not rub toward each other.

Therefore, can prevent that the Powdered of pollution lubricating oil or microfibril ferromagnetic material from coming off, thereby can guarantee by required precision in required durability of the roller bearing unit of oil lubrication and the load measurement.Although the support of

pressing section

130a, 130b and sensor unit 122 can wear and tear,, can not damage the rolling contact section branch, because they all are to be made by soft synthetic resin even the powder that produces enters contact segment when rubbing toward each other yet.And the support of

pressing section

130a, 130b and sensor unit 122 rubs seldom toward each other, and (even when they rub toward each other, because the contact pressure of friction portion is enough low, deterioration is minimum.Therefore, problem can not take place in the durability of

retainer

121a, 121b and sensor unit 122).And the powder that the synthetic resin wearing and tearing produce can not make the testing precision of rotating

speed detecting sensor

124a, 124b and rotating speed detecting sensor 115a descend.

Figure 11 illustrates embodiment according to the present invention 5.In the situation of this example, protuberance 131 is formed on sensor unit 122 is penetrated on the edge of opening of mounting hole 110a of outer shroud 101 internal surfaces.This protuberance also is configured to, and when retainer 121a (121b) carried out displacement, the front end that is formed on the peripheral pressing section 130a of retainer 121a (121b) contacted with protuberance 131.In this structure, can prevent that the support of the sensor unit 122 made by synthetic resin and pressing section 130a from friction taking place cause wearing and tearing.Other structure and effect are identical with above-mentioned example 4, will omit diagram and the explanation that repeats.

Figure 12 diagram embodiment according to the present invention 6.Under the situation of this example, by going up injection moulding in the recess 132 that forms in the axial side of retainer 121a (121b) (right side of in Figure 12, observing), promptly on the whole circumference of gear ring 125 outer surfaces that constitute retainer 121a (121b) (right side of in Figure 12, observing), can form rotating speed and detect encoder 126a (126b).Recess 132 adopts the opening radial width less and have a shape of the formicary of bigger radial width towards the bottom, and forms simultaneously with the injection moulding of retainer 121a (121b).

Rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and forms by inject the rubber or the synthetic resin that wherein are combined with Powdered or microfibril magnetic material in recess 132, and the retainer 121a (121b) of injection moulding is arranged in another mould simultaneously.After rubber or synthetic resin solidify, detect encoder 126a (126b) in recess 132, form ring-shaped rubber or plastic magnet by the axial magnetized rotating speed, this magnet on as the outer surface in zone to be detected with uniformly-spaced the arranged alternate S utmost point and the N utmost point.In the situation of this example, the backing yoke is not set.

In the situation of this example, carry out afterwards the magnetization that rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) owing to be combined with the rubber or the synthetic resin injection recess 132 of Powdered or microfibril magnetic material therein, so a zone to be detected on the rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b) and the axial side of retainer 121a (121b) are positioned on the identical plane.Therefore, in these cases, along with moving of retainer 121a (121b), zone to be detected and sensor unit 122 may rub toward each other.Therefore, in the situation of this example, zone to be detected is covered by protective film 133.The film that uses the nonmagnetic substance of the coat film of synthetic resin and nickel coating for example is as this protective film 133.

In the situation of this example; the zone to be detected that rotating speed detects on the encoder 126a (126b) is covered by protective film 133, thereby can prevent near sensor unit 122 direct friction (referring to Fig. 5,6,9 to 11) that described zone to be detected is with being positioned at retainer 121a (121b).Therefore, Powdered or microfibril ferromagnetic material can not come off from zone to be detected.Other structure and effect are identical with above-mentioned example 4, with the diagram and the explanation of omitting same parts.

In above-mentioned example, can use rubber magnet and the backing yoke made by magnetic material, engage with the sulfuration of the axial opposite side of rubber magnet as permanent magnet.

In this structure, can use the low-cost rubber magnet of making, and rotating speed detects, and encoder has enough rigidity so that rotating speed detects encoder and the enough bond strengths of retainer.

In above-mentioned example, preferably, one of retaining ring and rotating ring are and the corresponding member of outer shroud that another is and the corresponding member of interior ring that each rolling member is a ball.Be arranged on ring seat circle in the double angle contacting on the outer surface that is formed at the corresponding member of interior ring and be formed at the wrapping angle that a plurality of balls between the double angle contacting outer shroud seat ring on the internal surface with the corresponding member of outer shroud are arranged to combine back-to-back.

In this structure, when changing, also can improve the precision that the load on the roller bearing unit with big bear rigidity is measured even the rotating speed of arranging rolling member increases along with load change more.

Equally preferably, be provided for detecting the rotational speed detecting sensor of rotating ring rotational speed.Arithmetic and logical unit calculates the radial load that is applied between retaining ring and the rotating ring according to the ratio of the rotating speed sum of rotating ring rotational speed and row's rolling member and another row's rolling member.

In this structure, can accurately determine to be applied to the radial load between rotating ring and the retaining ring, and need not consider the variation of rotating ring rotational speed.

Further preferably, be provided for detecting the rotational speed detecting sensor of rotating ring rotational speed.Arithmetic and logical unit calculates the thrust load that is applied between retaining ring and the rotating ring according to the ratio of difference between rotating ring rotational speed and row's rolling member and another row's rolling member rotating speed.

Figure 17 and Figure 18 diagram embodiment according to the present invention 7.In the situation of this example, the radial width of the backing yoke of formation rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b) is greater than the radial width of rubber magnet 128, and the inner edge of backing yoke 129a and outer rim are axially given prominence to inner edge and the outer rim that surpasses rubber magnet 128.An axial side (right side of observing in Figure 17 and Figure 18) of rubber magnet 128 is set to imbed the outer surface of gear ring 125, and rotating speed detects the outer surface (right side of observing) that encoder 126a (126b) encloses the gear ring 125 of retainer 121a (121b) in Figure 17.In the situation of this example, even rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and retainer 121a (121b) is engaged with each other respectively and fixedly the time, the front end that magnetizes yoke also can with an axial side contacts of rubber magnet 128.Therefore, can engage with retainer 121a (121b) and fixing before rubber magnet 128 magnetization, but can after that, produce.Other structure and effect are identical with above-mentioned example 4, diagram and the explanation that hereinafter will omit same parts.

Figure 19 and Figure 20 diagram embodiment according to the present invention 8.The rotating speed that constitutes this example detects the structure of encoder 126a (126b) identical with described in the above-mentioned example 4, has the ring-shaped rubber magnet 128 of same radial width and backing yoke 129 and vulcanize joint each other and fix.Especially in the situation of this example, in retainer 121a (121b) injection moulding, recess 131 is formed on the whole circumference on gear ring 125 outer surfaces (right side of observing in Figure 19), and gear ring 125 is axial side of retainer 121a (121b).

Recess 131 detects the width of encoder 126a (126b) less than rotating speed in the radial width of its opening.Recess 131 is in that more the deep radial width of dividing is identical with the width of rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b) than its opening.The axial dimension that divides than the deep is identical with the axial thickness that rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b).Engage and be fixed among the retainer 121a (121b) with recess 131 for rotating speed being detected encoder 126a (126b), when elasticity increases the A/F size of recess 131, rotating speed is detected encoder 126a (126b) and be pressed into recess 131.When rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) when being pressed into recess 131, contact with the bottom surface of recess 131 up to the backing yoke 129 that constitutes rotating speed detection encoder 126a (126b), the width dimensions of the opening of recess 131 flexibly reduces.As a result, rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and can not pull out from recess 131, thereby guarantees that rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and can engage with retainer 121a (121b) and fix.For the intensity that further reinforcement 121a (121b) and member 126a (126b) are engaged with each other respectively, the bottom surface of backing yoke 129 and recess 131 can be engaged with each other.Use tackiness agent or other method to prevent that encoder 126a (126b) circumferencial direction rotation in recess 131 from being useful.This can be used for above-mentioned example 4 and example 5 equally.Other structure and effect are identical with above-mentioned example 4, hereinafter will omit diagram and explanation to same parts.

Figure 21 and Figure 22 diagram embodiment according to the present invention 9.In the situation of this example, rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) by injection moulding in recess 131a, described recess 131a is formed on the whole circumference of the axial side of retainer 121a (121b) (right side of observing among Figure 21 and Figure 22), promptly constitutes the outer surface (right side of observing among Figure 21 and Figure 22) of the gear ring 125 of retainer 121a (121b).Recess 131a adopts the less and ant cave shape that increase towards its bottom radial width of opening radial width, and forms recess 131a in retainer 121a (121b) injection moulding.

Rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) and forms by inject the rubber or the synthetic resin that wherein are combined with Powdered or microfibril magnetic material in recess 132, and the retainer 121a (121b) of injection moulding is arranged in another mould simultaneously.After rubber or synthetic resin solidify, detect encoder 126a (126b) in recess 132, form ring-shaped rubber or plastic magnet by the axial magnetized rotating speed, this magnet on as the outer surface in zone to be detected with uniformly-spaced the arranged alternate S utmost point and the N utmost point.In the situation of this example, the backing yoke is not set.Other structure and effect are identical with above-mentioned example 4, will omit the diagram and the explanation of same section.

Figure 23 diagram embodiment according to the present invention 10.In the situation of this example, it is respectively the annular plastics magnet also that rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b), and has uniformly-spaced to be arranged alternately in the S utmost point and the N utmost point on its axial side.Especially in the situation of this example, plastic magnet comprises the Powdered or microfibril magnetic material that is incorporated in the synthetic resin identical with constituting retainer 121a (121b).In retainer 121a (121b) injection moulding, rotating speed detects encoder 126a (126b) injection moulding on as gear ring 125 outer surfaces of the axial end of retainer 121a (121b), makes their engage and be fixed to the outer surface of gear ring 125.

For this purpose, synthetic resin with Powdered or micro fibre material injects the cavity 133 of the mould 132 that is used for retainer 121a (121b) injection moulding from mould shaft to an end, and the synthetic resin that does not have Powdered or microfibril magnetic material simultaneously injects mould 132 from its axial the other end.Synthetic resin welding each other then from each side of mould is injected detects the integrally formed retainer 121a (121b) of encoder 126a (126b) thereby form respectively with rotating speed.After the injection moulding, rotating speed is detected encoder 126a (126b) magnetize.Other structure and effect are identical with above-mentioned example 4, hereinafter will omit diagram and explanation to same section.

Practicality

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, described retainer has backing yoke shaping (back The toroidal magnet of member yoke-forming) and one installation thereon is so that establish with toroidal magnet Put in bearing the situation of other position and compare, reduced the size of described equipment, and easily promote Pass through the resolution ratio of the method for speed in the prior art for detection of rolling member.

And, according to the present invention, increase towards the density of the magnetic flux of magnetic sensor, thus can be at magnetic Relatively big the air gap is provided between body and the sensor. Thus, can increase manufacturing tolerance, and can provide Enough precision surpluses of member and assembly.

And backing yoke formed parts can be eliminated magnetic leakage, thereby can prevent other device and mechanism Any negative effect.

The present invention can not only be used for the described roller bearing unit load measurement of above-mentioned example equipment, described establishing Be ready for use on the load on rolling bearing unit of measuring the supporting automotive wheel, and the present invention can also be used for determining Act on the load on lathe, industrial machinery and the rotating machinery device.

Claims

1. whirligig comprises:

Main body;

Be secured to the rolling bearing of described main body, described rolling bearing comprises interior ring, outer shroud and rollably keeps the retainer of rolling member;

Has multipole magnetized toroidal magnet;

Backing yoke formed parts; And

Be positioned at the magnetic sensor on the described main body;

Wherein, described toroidal magnet and described backing yoke formed parts are integrally formed on the described retainer and with described magnetic sensor and are oppositely arranged with being separated by intended distance.

2. whirligig as claimed in claim 1,

Wherein, described retainer comprises magnetic material; And

Described toroidal magnet is installed on the side of described retainer.

3. whirligig as claimed in claim 1,

Wherein, described retainer comprises nonmagnetic substance;

Described backing yoke formed parts comprises annular construction member, and described annular construction member comprises magnetic material;

Described annular construction member is fixed on the side of described retainer; And

Described toroidal magnet setting also is fixed on the surface of described annular construction member.

4. whirligig as claimed in claim 1,

Wherein, described toroidal magnet comprises plastic magnet.

5. whirligig as claimed in claim 1 further comprises: the detectors of load that detects load on the described rolling bearing by the rotational speed of measuring described retainer.

6. the manufacture method of a whirligig, wherein, described whirligig comprises main body, be secured to the rolling bearing of described main body, described rolling bearing comprises interior ring, outer shroud and rollably keeps the retainer of rolling member, have multipole magnetized toroidal magnet, comprise the backing yoke formed parts of annular construction member, and be arranged on the magnetic sensor on the described main body; Described method comprises:

To be fixed on by the described annular construction member that magnetic material is made on the side of the retainer of making by nonmagnetic substance;

Described toroidal magnet is fixed on the surface of described annular construction member; And

Carry out the multipole magnetized of described toroidal magnet then.

7. the manufacture method of a whirligig, wherein, described whirligig comprises main body, be secured to the rolling bearing of described main body, described rolling bearing comprises interior ring, outer shroud and rollably keeps the retainer of described rolling member, have multipole magnetized toroidal magnet, comprise the backing yoke formed parts of annular construction member, and be arranged on the magnetic sensor on the described main body; Described method comprises:

To be fixed on by the described annular construction member that magnetic material is made on the side of the described retainer of making by nonmagnetic substance by insert molding; And

To be fixed on the surface of described annular construction member by the described toroidal magnet that plastic magnet is made by double color mold-making.

8. equipment that detects load on rolling bearing unit comprises:

At the fixing retaining ring of run duration;

At the rotating ring of run duration rotation, described rotating ring is provided with described retaining ring is concentric;

Rollably be arranged on a plurality of rolling members between a pair of fixed side seat ring and the rotary side seat ring, described a pair of fixed side seat ring and rotary side seat ring are respectively formed at the opposed area of described retaining ring and described rotating ring, in this structure, described two row's rolling members have the opposite wrapping angle of direction;

Be arranged on the pair of holders between described retaining ring and the rotating ring, described retainer is rotated along with the revolution that remains in the rolling member in a plurality of grooves that are arranged in each described retainer;

A pair of rotating speed by described retainer supporting detects encoder, and described encoder and described retainer rotate jointly and have along the attribute of its circumferencial direction alternate, and described rotating speed detects encoder and has surface to be detected respectively;

A pair of rotating speed detecting sensor, described sensor have respectively and relative test section, described surface to be detected, thereby the rotating speed of respectively arranging rolling member is detected; And

The testing signal that provides according to described rotating speed detecting sensor is provided for arithmetic and logical unit, this unit, calculates the load between described retaining ring and the described rotating ring;

Wherein, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises ring-shaped rubber magnet or annular plastics magnet, and described magnet has the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on one axle side and the N utmost point so that form relatively surface to be detected near one of described rotating speed detecting sensor; And

When described retainer when displacement is carried out on described surface to be detected, the part of described retainer contact with another member that is provided with near described retainer, thus prevent surface to be detected directly and described another member rub.

9. equipment as claimed in claim 8,

Wherein, each described retainer comprises the gear ring part, and the side of this part is used for fixing described rotating speed and detects one of encoder; And

Described gear ring partly has inner circumference and excircle, and described circumference is all given prominence on respect to the axial direction on described surface to be detected.

10. equipment as claimed in claim 8,

Wherein, described retaining ring and described rotating ring one of them as having the outer shroud of the inner circumference that is provided with double angle contacting outer shroud seat ring;

In described retaining ring and the described rotating ring another is as having the interior ring that is provided with the excircle of ring seat circle in the double angle contacting;

A plurality of rolling members comprise a plurality of balls, and each ball is arranged between described double angle contacting outer shroud seat ring and the interior ring seat circle of described double angle contacting;

Wherein, described a plurality of ball is provided with the wrapping angle of back-to-back combination.

11. equipment as claimed in claim 8 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring; And

Described arithmetic and logical unit calculates the radial load that is applied between described retaining ring and the described rotating ring according to the ratio of described rotational speed and row's rolling member rotating speed and another row's rolling member rotating speed sum.

12. equipment as claimed in claim 8 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;

Wherein, described arithmetic and logical unit calculates the thrust load that acts between described retaining ring and the described rotating ring according to the ratio of difference between described rotational speed and row's rolling member rotating speed and another row's rolling member rotating speed.

13. an equipment that detects load on rolling bearing unit comprises:

At the fixing retaining ring of run duration;

Described surface to be detected is covered by protective film, rubs to prevent described surface to be detected and contiguous another member that is arranged at described retainer.

14. equipment as claimed in claim 13,

15. equipment as claimed in claim 13 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;

Wherein, described arithmetic and logical unit calculates the radial load that is applied between described retaining ring and the described rotating ring according to the ratio of described rotational speed and row's rolling member rotating speed and another row's rolling member rotating speed sum.

16. equipment as claimed in claim 13 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;

17. an equipment that detects load on rolling bearing unit comprises:

At the fixing retaining ring of run duration;

Wherein, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises having the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on one axle side and the ring shape permanent magnet of the N utmost point; And

Each retainer has an axial side, by inserting described ring shape permanent magnet described ring shape permanent magnet is fixed on the described axial side during described retainer injection moulding.

18. equipment as claimed in claim 17,

Wherein, described ring shape permanent magnet comprises rubber magnet; And

Described rubber magnet has the backing yoke of being made by magnetic material, engage with its another side sulfuration.

19. equipment as claimed in claim 17,

20. equipment as claimed in claim 17 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring; And

21. equipment as claimed in claim 17 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;

22. an equipment that detects load on rolling bearing unit comprises:

At the fixing retaining ring of run duration;

Wherein, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises having the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on one axle side and the ring shape permanent magnet of the N utmost point;

Each retainer comprises an axial side, and this axial side forms recess during described retainer injection moulding; And

Described ring shape permanent magnet holds and is fixed in the described recess.

23. equipment as claimed in claim 22,

Wherein, described ring shape permanent magnet comprises rubber magnet; And

24. equipment as claimed in claim 22,

25. equipment as claimed in claim 22 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring; And

26. equipment as claimed in claim 22 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;

27. an equipment that detects the load on the roller bearing unit comprises:

At the fixing retaining ring of run duration;

Wherein, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises ring-shaped rubber magnet or annular plastics magnet, and described magnet has the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on one axle side and the N utmost point so that form relatively surface to be detected near one of described rotating speed detecting sensor;

Described ring-shaped rubber magnet or described annular plastics magnet hold by injection moulding and are fixed in the described recess.

28. equipment as claimed in claim 27,

29. equipment as claimed in claim 27 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring; And

30. equipment as claimed in claim 27 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;

31. an equipment that detects load on rolling bearing unit comprises:

At the fixing retaining ring of run duration;

Wherein, each rotating speed detects encoder and comprises having the S utmost point that is arranged alternately on one axle side and the annular plastics magnet of the N utmost point;

Each described retainer is made by synthetic resin;

Described annular plastics magnet comprises the magnetic material of described synthetic resin and Powdered or microfibril, and described magnetic material is blended in the described synthetic resin that is contained in the described annular plastics magnet; And

Each retainer comprises an axial side, and described plastic magnet is fixed in the described axial side by injection moulding, and the injection moulding of described injection moulding and described retainer carries out simultaneously.

32. equipment as claimed in claim 31,

33. equipment as claimed in claim 31 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring; And

34. equipment as claimed in claim 31 further comprises: the rotational speed detecting sensor that is used to detect the rotational speed of described rotating ring;