CN1792872A - 好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法 - Google Patents

好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法 Download PDF

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CN1792872A
CN1792872A CNA2005101258952A CN200510125895A CN1792872A CN 1792872 A CN1792872 A CN 1792872A CN A2005101258952 A CNA2005101258952 A CN A2005101258952A CN 200510125895 A CN200510125895 A CN 200510125895A CN 1792872 A CN1792872 A CN 1792872A
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林海
孙春宝
苗文凭
张庆娜
黄鹂鸣
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

一种好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法,属于环保领域。其特征在于其步骤为:(1)流化床中连续进水,进水pH6.5~7.5,进水CODcr为400mg/L-700mg/L;(2)开始曝气,曝气量为0.01-0.03m3/hr;(3)加入2~4g/L的活性污泥;(4)向流化床中加入Fe/C比为1的铁屑与活性炭混合物载体,载体添加量为2-5%(所加载体的堆体积与流化床内的污水体积比);(5)进行载体挂膜培养,时间2-5天;(6)当流化床内生物浓度7-9g/L时即可正常运行。混合物载体中铁屑粒度范围为:-0.154mm+0.074mm,活性炭粒度范围为:-0.28mm+0.154mm。本发明减少了处理设备单元及设备的占地面积,减少了投资,操作维护方便;进水CODcr去除率为96-98%,比普通活性污泥流化床高出5-7个百分点,水力停留时间缩短3小时。

Description

好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法
技术领域
本发明属于环保领域,涉及一种应用三相内循环好氧生物流化床,将三相内循环好氧生物流化床(TIABLB)与微电解技术有机结合处理生活污水的方法,特别是适合于小区生活污水处理。
背景技术
水是一种宝贵的自然资源,随着我国城市化进程的加快和人民生活水平的提高,越来越多的小区产生了大量的小区生活污水。近几年来,我国城市水污染状况日益严重,水短缺日益加剧。每年我国生活污水排放量为270多亿吨。城市生活水污染已成为影响人民生活和制约城市经济发展的重要因素。故小区生活污水的处理显得日趋重要。生活污水处理现存问题是:(1)处理效率低,运行成本较高。(2)氮、磷的去除率低。为解决上述问题,国内外进行了大量的研究工作,如采用氧化沟、A/O、A2/O、生物流化床等工艺方法。目前,国内外对生活污水采用物化法和生物法处理技术,且以后者为主。其中三相内循环好氧生物流化床(TIABLB)处理污水具有处理效率高、容积负荷大、抗冲击能力强、设备紧凑、占地面积少等优点。但TIABLB技术对污染物的降解主要依赖于生物膜,已有的研究证明其对废水的有机污染物的降解并没有达到理想水平。如蓝平等《三相生物流化床处理生活废水》(环境污染与防治,2003.25(5))中所述,与传统生化处理装置相比起占地面积减少了70~80%,当水力停留时间为90min,曝气量为70L/h其CODcr的去除率仅为85%。可见曝气量大时,CODcr的去除率不够理想。另一种废水处理方法微电解法治理废水的特点是:具有处理效果好、使用寿命长、成本低廉、适用范围广等。可是该方法运行时间久后,存在填料易结块,铁屑溶出量大,处理效果不显著等问题。在张子间《微电解法在废水处理中的研究及应用》(工业安全与环保,2004.30(4))中已有所述。
因此,针对不同性质的废水,如何将微电解发与其它处理方法有机地结合,探讨最佳的组合工艺是该技术的发展方向。如文献:田博的《VTBR反应器加微电解工艺处理生活污水》(辽宁化工,2004.33(3))所述,依次采用生物接触氧化法与微电解技术处理生活污水,当进水CODcr为500mg/L时,其去除率可达90%以上且SS去除率为80%。但是该文献中的处理方法实质上是污水经过两种方法依次处理,并没有进行有机的结合。且该法的VTBR反应器和微电解处理单元是独立的,故占地面积和基建投资大。且生物接触氧化的污泥量虽较传统的生物法少,但还是大,此法的处理效率以及污泥的处理问题仍不尽如人意。因此开发一种高效、经济、操作简单、占地面积小的小区生活污水处理方法,具有很重要的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服已有技术设备复杂、CODcr去除率低、污泥难处理、占地面积大的缺陷,从而提供一种高效、经济、操作简单、占地面积小的小区生活污水三相内循环好氧生物流化床(TIABLB)与微电解技术有机一体化的新技术,即将TIABLB和微电解技术有机结合处理生活污水的方法-“微电解生物流化床技术”。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法,其步骤包括:(1)流化床中连续进水,进水pH6.5~7.5,进水流量根据水力停留时间(2~3小时)和流化床容积换算,进水CODcr为400mg/L-700mg/L;(2)开始曝气,曝气量为0.01-0.03m3/hr;(3)加入2~4g/L的活性污泥;(4)向流化床中加入一定量的载体,载体添加量为2-5%(所加载体的堆体积与流化床内的污水体积比);(5)进行载体挂膜培养,时间2-5天;(6)当流化床内生物浓度7-9g/L时即可正常运行。在上述条件下进水CODcr去除率为96-98%,比普通活性污泥流化床高出5-7个百分点,水力停留时间缩短3小时。
所述的载体为一种混合物,该混合物包括铁屑、活性炭,Fe/C比为1,上述的铁屑粒度范围为:-0.154mm+0.074mm,活性炭粒度范围为:-0.28mm+0.154mm。
本发明在普通三相内循环好氧生物流化床内加入一定量和一定粒度的活性炭和铁屑,在好氧的条件下,微生物以此为载体并在其表面不断生长形成生物膜,通过生物膜的吸附作用氧化并分解废水中的有机物。同时,活性炭和铁屑之间构成原电池,发生电化学氧化还原反应进一步去除水中有机物并达到脱色、除臭、杀菌的目的。由于微生物的代谢与电化学的氧化还原反应在同一反应器内同时进行,减少了反应器的数量,大大减少了占地面积。此外,由于流化床内的载体处于流化状态,不但有利于传质过程防止发生生物膜堵塞问题,而且有效地抑制了填料的结块和钝化,微电解技术解决了生物难降解的化合物和生物代谢产物的抑制作用。此方法兼顾以上两种方法的优点,互补了各自的不足,大大减少了占地面积,提高污水处理的效率,更加适合处理小区污水,是一种将TIABLB和微电解技术有机一体化的新技术。
本发明的优点在于:
(1)污水处理效果好,CODcr的去除率高达98%,SS的去除率到达了97%;
(2)在水力停留时间、生物浓度、污泥量、泥龄、耐冲击负荷能力等方面都优于普通活性污泥流化床;
(3)基质在液体和生物质之间的传递速度快;
(4)综合利用了氧化还原反应、原电池反应、电化学附集、物理吸附、铁的混凝作用、铁离子的沉淀作用等反应来提高污水处理效率;
(5)减少了处理设备单元及设备的占地面积,减少了投资,操作维护方便。
具体实施方式
实例1
进水pH值为6.5、CODcr为403mg/L、SS为150mg/L,开始曝气,曝气量为0.01m3/hr,水力停留时间2小时,加入2g/L的活性污泥和2%的载体,进行2天载体挂膜培养,测得流化床内生物浓度7g/L,3天后测得出水水质为:CODcr为12mg/L、SS为5mg/L、pH值为6.9。比普通活性污泥流化床高出5.2个百分点
实例2
进水pH值为7.0、CODcr为560mg/L、SS为160mg/L开始曝气,曝气量为0.02m3/hr,水力停留时间为2小时,加入3g/L的活性污泥和4%的载体,进行3天载体挂膜培养,测得流化床内生物浓度7g/L,3天后测得出水水质为:CODcr为15mg/L、SS为5mg/L、pH值为7.3。比普通活性污泥流化床高出7.1个百分点
实例3
进水pH值为7.5、CODcr为702mg/L、SS为200mg/L开始曝气,曝气量为0.03m3/hr,水力停留时间为2.5小时,加入4g/L的活性污泥和5%的载体,进行4天载体挂膜培养,测得流化床内生物浓度7.2g/L,3天后测得出水水质为:CODcr为24mg/L、SS为7mg/L、pH值为7.7。比普通活性污泥流化床高出6.8个百分点。

Claims (2)

1、一种好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法,其特征在于其步骤包括:(1)流化床中连续进水,进水pH6.5~7.5,进水CODcr为400mg/L-700mg/L;(2)开始曝气,曝气量为0.01-0.03m3/hr;(3)加入2~4g/L的活性污泥;(4)向流化床中加入Fe/C比为1的铁屑与活性炭混合物载体,载体添加量为2-5%(所加载体的堆体积与流化床内的污水体积比);(5)进行载体挂膜培养,时间2-5天;(6)当流化床内生物浓度7-9g/L时即可正常运行。
2、如权利要求1所述的处理生活污水的方法,其特征在于混合物载体中铁屑粒度范围为:-0.154mm+0.074mm,活性炭粒度范围为:-0.28mm+0.154mm。
CNB2005101258952A 2005-12-02 2005-12-02 好氧生物流化床与微电解技术结合处理生活污水的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100465105C (zh)

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CN100410187C (zh) * 2006-10-23 2008-08-13 哈尔滨工业大学 复合式微电解/生物膜反应装置及其处理污水的方法
US7972512B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2011-07-05 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Suspended media granular activated carbon membrane biological reactor system and process
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US8551341B2 (en) 2009-06-15 2013-10-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Suspended media membrane biological reactor system including suspension system and multiple biological reactor zones
US8557111B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2013-10-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Low concentration wastewater treatment system
CN107032479A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2017-08-11 山东大学 一种生物电化学厌氧/微电解共混耦合强化处理高浓度环丙沙星废水的方法
CN107555701A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种低成本处理焦化废水的方法
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CN114835255A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-02 湖南五方环境科技研究院有限公司 基于铁炭载体的复合生物反应器及其制备与污水处理方法

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CN100410187C (zh) * 2006-10-23 2008-08-13 哈尔滨工业大学 复合式微电解/生物膜反应装置及其处理污水的方法
US7972512B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2011-07-05 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Suspended media granular activated carbon membrane biological reactor system and process
US8329035B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2012-12-11 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Suspended media granular activated carbon membrane biological reactor system and process
US8551341B2 (en) 2009-06-15 2013-10-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Suspended media membrane biological reactor system including suspension system and multiple biological reactor zones
US8721889B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2014-05-13 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Wastewater treatment process including irradiation of primary solids
US8557111B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2013-10-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Low concentration wastewater treatment system
US8440074B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2013-05-14 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Wastewater treatment system including irradiation of primary solids
US9073764B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2015-07-07 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Low concentration wastewater treatment system and process
US9290399B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2016-03-22 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Wastewater treatment process including irradiation of primary solids
US9340441B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2016-05-17 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Wastewater treatment system including irradiation of primary solids
CN107555701A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种低成本处理焦化废水的方法
CN107555701B (zh) * 2016-06-30 2020-09-29 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种低成本处理焦化废水的方法
CN107032479A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2017-08-11 山东大学 一种生物电化学厌氧/微电解共混耦合强化处理高浓度环丙沙星废水的方法
CN114772729A (zh) * 2022-04-15 2022-07-22 同济大学 一种污水强化脱氮的方法
CN114835255A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-02 湖南五方环境科技研究院有限公司 基于铁炭载体的复合生物反应器及其制备与污水处理方法

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