CN1789708A - Linear compressor - Google Patents
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- CN1789708A CN1789708A CN 200510135774 CN200510135774A CN1789708A CN 1789708 A CN1789708 A CN 1789708A CN 200510135774 CN200510135774 CN 200510135774 CN 200510135774 A CN200510135774 A CN 200510135774A CN 1789708 A CN1789708 A CN 1789708A
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Abstract
This invention relates to one linear compressor, which comprises cylinder hole and cylinder part with gap rotor, wherein, The piston is set in cylinder sliding; Main spring connects the cylinder directly or indirectly to the piston; The connection bar is connected between the spring and piston; At least one electrical rotor is set along connection bar; The rotor is supported one or more plat blocks made of permanent materials to be enlarged to limit rotor electrode; The connection bar is supported by piston and other end by main spring; The connection bar comprises order connection between piston and electrical rotors.
Description
The application is dividing an application of No. 00820050.5 Chinese invention patent application " Linearkompressor " submitting on October 17th, 2000.
Technical field
The present invention relates to make the method for Linearkompressor, relate in particular to but be not only the method for making the compressor be used for refrigerator.
Background technique
Compressor, especially freezer compressor are normally driven by turning motor.But,, also exist and the relevant massive losses of crank system that will rotatablely move and be transformed into linear reciprocating motion even with they the most effective forms.Alternatively can use the rotary compressor that does not need crank, but have high entad load, cause huge frictional loss.Linearkompressor by linear electric motor does not have these losses, and can be designed so that bearing load is enough low so that can use as U.S. Pat 5,525,845 disclosed aerostatics gas bearing, wherein, side direction is obedient to connecting rod and is made to have low bearing load.
It is J.W.Powell " aerostatic bearing design " that the discussion of aerostatics gas bearing is included in the author who was published by London machinery publication Co., Ltd in 1970.It is difficult utilizing normal manufacturing tolerances and device fabrication effective gas bearing.
Existing compressor is installed in the seal casinghousing, and seal casinghousing in use is used as the storage of refrigerant gas.Refrigerant gas is fed the compressor and by discharge tube from this storage and is discharged from compressor through housing.
The operation of compressor relates to the to-and-fro motion of moving member, causes compressor unit along all three axial direction vibrations.For the external noise influence that reduces to vibrate, compressor is installed on the interior spacer spring of seal casinghousing.
For Linearkompressor, piston only vibrates with respect to cylinder body along an axial direction, and the result causes the reaction force on any parts that are fixed.The solution that this problem is proposed is a pair of compressor of synchronous operation with balance and relative mode configuration.But this configuration is for too complexity and cost are higher for the commodity of household refrigerator.The another program that proposes is to increase a resonance counterweight to reduce vibration.But this method defines the operation of compressor, because counterweight is a negative feedback arrangement and is restricted to basic unbalanced force.The meeting paper of the 6th the international cryocooler meeting of holding in the Plymouth, Massachusetts in nineteen ninety concentrates " the small-sized rotation and the linear low temperature that are used for the IR system generate Coolers " of being write by Gully and Hanes to propose another program.This scheme relates to the piston portion of compressor and cylinder part is supported in the housing independently, makes stator play a counterweight.But, when piston mass is low, in the family expenses refrigerator, implement this design existing problems.In this compressor, when head pressure increased, the power of pressurized gas played a spring (gas spring), and spring increases motion speed when head pressure increases.This also has problems, because " the 3rd " vibrational mode (wherein, piston and cylinder body mutually mutually synchronization but vibrate with compressor case asynchronously) only be positioned at slightly on desirable " second " vibrational mode (wherein, shell does not vibrate, and piston is asynchronous with cylinder body).Therefore, when " gas spring " bring into operation and effectively " second " mode frequency is elevated to and when finally being positioned on " the 3rd " pattern shell begin exceedingly to vibrate.
Concerning many applications, the size that it is desirable to compressor should be less.This has reduced to comprise the size of all parts of spring and resonator system.The size requirement compressor that reduces compressor is with higher frequency operation.The size that reduces with higher frequency combines the stress that will increase in the spring element.In some Linearkompressors, main spring is made by the compacting Steel Spring Plate.Have been found that the edge that cuts needs careful polishing regaining the Steel Spring Plate initial intensity in pressing operation, and since unexpected stress concentrate and break down continually.
Another problem of compressor is generally to have heat accumulation, especially near compressor casing and cylinder head.Heat accumulation causes by the friction between the movable component with from the heat of refrigerant transmission of compression.Heat accumulation produce to increase wearing and tearing, operating conditions and the parts that change with the time cycle that compressor has moved between the subject matter of tolerance aspect.These influences are especially remarkable to its crucial Linearkompressor for moving cycle long period and close clearance, especially when using aerostatics gas bearing system.
Another adds heat affecting is to come from irreversible heat loss before refrigerant from be retained in compression volume is re-inflated after compression.In Linearkompressor, about 15% compression refrigerant may not discharged, in comparison be in the crank Driven Compressor, to be approximately 5%.Negligible these thermals source are important thermal source in Linearkompressor in existing compressor.
A method of the cylinder body of cooling compressor and cylinder head relates to the liquid refrigerant that the condenser of use from follow-up refrigeration system supplied with.For example in U.S. Pat 2510887, be fed into first coolant jacket from the liquid refrigerant of condenser around cylinder body, thereby supply to second coolant jacket, and inject the discharge pipe that is connected between cylinder head and the condenser from the Venturi tube device subsequently around compressor heads.This is in the scope of standard crank Driven Compressor.Also be in the scope of standard crank Driven Compressor, US5694780 has shown that the liquid refrigerant from condenser is lifted to the more pipeline of high pressure by a pump.Liquid refrigerant is pumped in the coolant jacket around compressor casing.Liquid refrigerant forces to enter discharge header compressor cylinder cover from coolant jacket, and here it mixes with compression refrigerant when compression refrigerant discharge compressor.The shortcoming of this configuration is to need other pump to be used to make liquid refrigerant to enter discharge header by the pressure that the coolant jacket around cylinder body also overcomes pressurized gas subsequently.
Having developed that many Linearkompressors are used for substituting has been the existing rotation reciprocating compressor of commodity.In order to have compact size, produced the compressor that the whole concentrated areas of stator, armature rotor, cylinder body and piston wherein are provided with.But, the size restrictions of existing compressor the size of machine chamber of refrigerator, and cause the waste of compressor surrounding space in machine chamber.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of making Linearkompressor, this Linearkompressor can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art.
The invention provides a kind of method of making Linearkompressor so that the piston of Linearkompressor is connected on the spring of Linearkompressor, described method comprise can be arbitrary the following steps implemented of order:
(a) piston is arranged on the predetermined axial position in the compressor casing hole;
The piston link position of spring that (b) will be connected with cylinder part is set in based on the position of spring predetermined displacement amount or spring and applies the position of being scheduled to reaction force; And
(c) at the axially spaced-apart place of the strictness of determining according to step (a) and the interval that (b) obtained the described piston link position of described piston and described spring is combined.
For the those of skill in the art in the field of being correlated with for the present invention, under the situation that does not break away from claim scope of the present invention, can many changes and a plurality of different embodiment and application be proposed to structure of the present invention.Content disclosed herein and description only are to constitute limitation of the invention for purposes of illustration and not.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial exploded view seen from the top of Linearkompressor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the motor seen from other direction and the exploded view of compressor assembly;
Fig. 3 is the exploded view of the compressor assembly head end seen from a direction; And
Fig. 4 is the exploded view of the compressor assembly head end seen from another direction.
Embodiment
General structure
The embodiments of the invention that are shown among the figure relate to the permanent magnet linear motor that drives the resonance reciprocating compressor, and they are operation together in seal casinghousing.The piston 3,4 that compressor is included in to-and-fro motion in the cylinder bore 71 and moves on working fluid, working fluid are alternately sucked is positioned at the compression volume of cylinder body head end and from its discharge.The opening end of cylinder head 27 closed cylinder body openings 71 that is connected to cylinder body is forming compression volume, and include an inlet and an outlet valve 118,119 and relevant house steward.The working gas of compression is discharged from compression volume by outlet valve 119 and is entered discharge header.Discharge header is with in the coolant jacket 29 of compression working fluid importing around cylinder body 71.Discharge tube 18 is from coolant jacket 29 processes and lead to the seal casinghousing outside.
Cylinder body 71 and coolant jacket 29 integrally form monomer 33 (for example foundry goods).Coolant jacket 29 comprises one or more opening end chamber 32, and the opening end chamber is the relative to-and-fro motion axis of cylinder body 71 location and around cylinder body 71 substantially.Opening end chamber 32 is sealed to form the coolant jacket space by (cylinder head assembly 27) substantially.
Linear motor comprises a pair of relative stationary part 5,6, and they are connected on the cylinder block casting 33 rigidly.
Pistons reciprocating 3,4 is connected on the housing assembly 27 by spring system in cylinder body 71.It with or approach natural resonant frequency operation.The main spring element of spring system is a main spring 15.Piston 3,4 is connected on the main spring 15 by piston rod 47.Main spring 15 is connected on the pair of brackets 41 of cylinder block casting 33 extensions.This is formed in together support 41, stationary part 5,6, cylinder block casting 33 and cylinder head assembly 27 cylinder part of being mentioned in the spring system 1 is discussed.
Piston rod 47 is connected to piston 3,4 on the main spring 15.Piston rod 47 is rigid piston rod preferably.Piston rod have a plurality of along its at interval permanent magnet 2 and constitute the armature rotor of linear motor.
In order to make the frrction load between piston 3,4 and the cylinder body 71 lower, and especially reduce any lateral load, piston rod 47 is elasticity and pliable and tough connects with main spring 15 and piston 3,4.Especially forming elasticity with the form that connects in the molded button 49 on the main spring 15 and the fusion plasticity between the piston rod 47 between the main spring end 48 of piston rod 47 and main spring connects.At its other end, piston rod 47 comprises a pair of isolated annular flange flange 3,36, and they are assemblied in the piston sleeve 4 to form piston.Flange 3,36 is connected at interval with a pair of hinge area 35,37 of piston rod 47.This forms the main shaft with the right-angle bending of being in to hinge area 35,37.
In main spring end 48, piston rod 47 was supported by itself and being connected effectively radially of main spring 15.Main spring 15 is made into it and can moves back and forth but stop any lateral movement in the cylinder body or the motion vertical with the piston reciprocating direction basically.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, lateral rigidity is approximate three times of axial rigidity.
The assembly that comprises cylinder part is not to be installed in the seal casinghousing rigidly.Except with the support and connection of housing: discharge tube 18, liquid refrigerant inject pipeline 34 and the back supported spring 39, and it can move freely along the piston reciprocating direction.Discharge tube 18, liquid refrigerant inject pipeline 34 and back supported spring 39 forms respectively at the spring of cylinder body along piston reciprocating direction known features.For example, discharge tube 18 and liquid refrigerant injection pipeline 34 can be close to their ends and form helical spring, and they pass seal casinghousing 30.
Total to-and-fro motion is the motion summation of piston 3,4 and cylinder part.
Gas bearing
Piston 3,4 passes through aerostatics gas bearing radial support in cylinder body.The cylinder part of compressor comprises the cylinder block casting 33 and the cylinder body lining 10 that is arranged in hole 71 that has from its hole of running through 71.Cylinder body lining 10 can be made by any material that is fit to the minimizing piston wear.For example, it can be made by the fiber reinforcement plastic component (also being preferably used for piston rod and piston sleeve) of strengthening nylon such as the carbon fiber with 15%PTFE, perhaps can be made by the graphite flake cast iron with self-lubricating effect.Cylinder body lining 10 has the opening 31 that runs through, and extends to its endoporus 71 from its cylndrical surface 70, outside.Piston 3,4 is advanced in endoporus 71, and these openings 31 form gas bearing.Compressed gas source supplies to opening 31 by a series of gas bearing passages.The gas bearing passage at one end leads to the gas bearing supply main, and gas bearing supply main forms the doughnut that is positioned at its head between cylinder body lining 10 and cylinder bore 71 around cylinder body lining 10.Gas bearing supply main supplies with by the pressurized gas house steward of little supply line 73 by compressor again.Pressure in the undersized supply line 73 control gaseous bearing supply lines, thereby the gas consumption of restriction gas bearing.
The gas bearing tunnel-shaped becomes the groove 80 that is positioned on cylinder body lining 10 outer walls 70.Groove 80 combines the sealing channel that leads to opening 31 with formation with the wall of other cylinder bore 71.Can alternatively be formed on the inwall of cylinder bore 71 although it should be understood that groove, it is easier than being formed on the cylinder block casting 33 that they are formed on the cylinder body lining 10, as an outer surface rather than an internal surface.Can be on the surface of or other parts machined recess rather than must to get out passage be that a huge manufacturing improves.
Have been found that the pressure drop in the gas bearing passage must be similar with the pressure drop in the discharge air-flow between the hole 71 of piston 3,4 and cylinder body lining 10.Because the gap between (for effective compact compressor) piston 3,4 and the cylinder body lining hole 71 only is 10 to 15 microns, the sectional dimension of passage also must be very little (about 40 microns dark * 150 micron wide).These small sizes make makes difficulty.
But, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, make section area also can be increased to for example 70 microns * 200 microns by the increase passage length and can make cooperation easily.This has utilized the ability that can form the groove 80 of any suitable shape on the surface of cylinder body lining 10.Groove 80 can form has any path, and if select zigzag path, the length of groove 80 can be significantly greater than the straight path of the opening from the gas bearing supply main to corresponding formation gas bearing 31.Preferred embodiment has the gas bearing groove 80 along spiral path.The length of respective paths is selected according to the preferred cross-sections area of passage, and it can be chosen to be easy to make (for example machining or can by some other forms such as precision modulding).
Cylinder part
Each part 5,6 of stator has winding.Each part 5,6 of stator is formed with " E " shape stack of laminations, makes winding center on center-pole and twines.Winding is by capacity plastics reel and stack of laminations insulation.The particular form of each stationary part does not constitute a part of the present invention, and the possible structure of many kinds is arranged is conspicuous to those skilled in the art.
Comprise cylinder body 71, cylinder head 27 and the linear motor stator part 5,6 that has relevant coolant jacket 29 as already mentioned cylinder part 1, they all are rigidly connected mutually.And cylinder part 1 comprises the mounting point of main spring 15, discharge tube 18 and liquid refrigerant ascending pipe 34.It also has the erecting device that cylinder part is connected to main spring 15.
Cylinder body and cover foundry goods 33 have the mounting bracket up and down 41 that extends away from cylinder head from its end.The spring 15 that below will describe its preferred form comprises that being positioned at the one end is used for the rigidity mounting plate 43 that is connected with cylinder block casting 33.The protuberance 42 of a pair of side extending stretches out and along spaced apart towards the direction and the mounting plate 43 of cylinder block casting 33 from mounting plate 43.Spring section 67, the 68 axial unanimities that spring end enters mounting plate 43 are arranged to and are close to protuberance 43.The mounting bracket up and down 41 of cylinder block casting 33 comprises the installation slit that is used for a protuberance 42 respectively.Slit is installed is taked to be positioned on the inner face 76 of mounting bracket 41 form of the joggles 75 that extend from the free end of support 41 towards cylinder body cover 29.At least one pyramidal projections 78 is formed on the face inwardly 82 of each joggle 75.Each this projection 78 has the vertical surface 79 towards cylinder block casting 33, makes projection 78 be formed on and is used for the barb portion that snap-fit connects in the assembling process.Especially, and the lateral spacing of the protuberance 42 that mates substantially of the interval between the opposing side 82 of joggle make protuberance 42 only rely on protuberance 42, mounting bracket 41 or both distortion to come by barb portion 78.In case by projection or barb portion 78, between the vertical surface 79 that protuberance 42 is limited in barb portion 78 and the vertical surface 83 of the end face of formation joggle 75.Auxiliary joggle or recess 84 are formed on the outside 85 of each mounting bracket 41.This joggle 84 extends axially along the outside and keeps at a certain distance away with the free end 77 of corresponding mounting bracket 41, make each auxiliary joggle 84 at least with mounting bracket 41 inner faces on 75 intersections of corresponding joggle.Joggle 75 and 84 is enough dark, and when making their intersections or crossover, at least one axially open 86 is formed between them.
Preferably the fastening spring 87 that is formed by punching press and folding nonmagnetic metal sheet has from its central opening that passes 88, makes it can be assemblied on the described a pair of mounting bracket 41.Fastening spring 87 has the extend back support 89 relevant with each mounting bracket 41.The free end 90 of these supports 89 slides in the outside of mounting bracket 41 joggle 84, and is enough little of by the axially open 86 between the joggle 84 and 75 in outside.Because the protuberance 42 of main spring mounting plate 43 is held in place in the interior joggle 75 of mounting bracket 41, free end 90 presses protuberance 42 and makes the vertical surface 79 of their maintenances near respective barbs portion 78.The predetermined preload that provides under the load condition near protuberance 42 is provided maintenance fastening spring 87.
Preferably, fastening spring is carried out the parallel task that stationary part 5,6 is installed.The center hole 88 that passes fastening spring 87 is critically selected size along the lateral with respect to mounting bracket 41 at least with respect to mounting bracket 41.Fastening spring 87 is included in the stationary part gripping surface 91 of its each lateral region 92, and lateral region is across between the mounting bracket 41 of cylinder block casting 33.
Each of stationary part 5,6 " E " shape stack of laminations has the vertical orientation step 69 on its outside 56.In each case, this be one along outside step away from the motor air gap direction.The part of each outside 56 more close air gap can lean against on the stator matching surface 91 of the support block 55 of cylinder block casting 33 or fastening spring 87 suitably.When being held in place, the natural attraction between the motor component will make stationary part 5,6 attract each other.By perpendicular steps 57 is kept the width of air gap respectively near the outward edge 40,72 of mounting blocks 55 and fastening spring 87.In order to make stationary part 5,6 directed along the auxiliary ground of Vertical direction, each mounting blocks 55 (stator matching surface) is included in its outer peripheral recess 57, and it is along the size coupling of Vertical direction with " E " shape stack of laminations.
This part of motor is assembled in sequence of operations.Piston assembly is introduced in cylinder block casting 33.At first, comprise that the piston assembly of the piston rod 47, piston sleeve 4 and the armature rotor magnet 2 that have all-in-one-piece flange 3,36 is assembled.Be pushed in the hole 71 of cylinder body by piston sleeve 4 and the piston that the front flange 3 that forms piston area constitutes, be conducted through the cylinder body opening 7 between the cylinder block casting 33 simultaneously.Piston rod 47 is therefore between support 41.Support 41 face 76 inwardly comprises 75 axial slots 28 that extend along center line from joggle.In protuberance 130 to-and-fro motion in these slits 28 when moving that stretches out on the piston rod 47.The validity of assembly makes usually (under the situation that does not have collision or external movement) protuberance 130 not contact the slit surface.But near the end of cylinder block casting 33, slit 28 comprises narrow and shallow part 131 at them, and this part provides the drive fit with the protuberance 130 of connecting rod 47.Piston assembly is pushed in the cylinder bore 71 up to protuberance 130 and is engaged in these narrow parts 131 and is in precalculated position with respect to the machining cylinder head receiving plane 133 of cylinder block casting 33 up to piston area.
Fastening spring 87 is installed on the mounting bracket 41, and main spring 15 is assembled on the support 41 by protuberance 42 is engaged in inwardly the joggle 75 and by barb portion or projection 78.Fastening spring 87 is promoted and presses along the direction away from cylinder block casting 33 installs protuberance 42, up to obtaining enough spaces in case between the mounting blocks 55 of the stationary part matching surface 91 of fastening spring 87 and cylinder block casting 33 insertion stationary part 5,6.Stationary part 5,6 thereby be inserted in their position and discharge fastening spring 87.The width of stationary part 5,6 is kept predetermined compression on fastening spring 87.
Between main spring 15 and piston rod 47, form subsequently and be connected.It should be noted that piston remains in the ratio piston compressor running more the precalculated position towards cylinder head.The plastics of the plastics by the molded button 25 on the fusion main spring 15 and the rearward end 48 of piston rod 47 form connection.Fetch by hot plate welding and to carry out welding.When hot plate welding, main spring 15 extends preferably to the precalculated position or applies predetermined force up to main spring 15.Hot plate welding between two plastic components and welding make piston area be in the precalculated position and main spring 15 is in its predetermined displacement, in case spring 15 is released to its neutral position, this will make piston accurately locate with respect to cylinder block casting 33.Be any off-centre of form or accumulate inexactness that with spring 15 situation all is like this regardless of what the tolerance owing to the element in the assembling chain caused.
Cylinder head
The opening end of cylinder block casting 33 is compressed chain-drive section 27 and seals.The opening end of compressor heads so closed cylinder 71 and around the opening end of the coolant jacket chamber 32 of cylinder body 71.Integrally, cylinder head 27 comprises four plates 100 to 103 that stack together, and has intake silencer/suction main 104.
The opening end of cylinder block casting 33 comprises head holding flange 135.Head holding flange 135 has a plurality of screws 136 of opening around its peripheral intervals, and fixing bolt is screwed into wherein so that superimposed panel 100 to 103 is strained together and is fixed on the face of cylinder block casting 33.
Between three chambers of cylinder block casting 33, be provided with opening.
Another opening 115 passes plate 100 in the position of more close discharge tube 18 and forms.
The cylinder body opening 116 of a part of shut 100 of plate 101.Suction port 113 and exhaust port 114 pass this part of plate 101.Spring steel inlet valve 118 is fixed to plate 101 on the face of cylinder body, makes an one head cover suction port 113.The base portion of inlet valve 118 is clamped between plate 100 and the plate 101, and its position is fixing by pin 140.Spring steel expulsion valve 119 is installed to the face of plate 101 away from cylinder body.An one head covers exhaust port 114.The base portion of valve 119 is clamped between second plate 101 and the 3rd plate 102 and by pin 141 and locatees.Expulsion valve 119 assembling also operates in the discharge header opening 112 of the 3rd plate 102 and is formed in the discharge header 142 on the 4th plate 103.Inlet valve 118 (except that its base portion) is arranged in cylinder body compression volume and operation therein.
Spring steel inlet and expulsion valve 118,119 be operation integrally under dominant pressure effect.When piston is return in cylinder body 71, low at the pressure of the inlet house steward side of the pressure ratio inlet valve of the cylinder body side of inlet valve 118.Therefore, inlet valve 118 is opened so that refrigerant enters pressing chamber.When piston moves ahead in cylinder body 71, the pressure height of the pressure ratio in compression volume in the inlet house steward, inlet valve 118 is maintained in its closed position by this pressure reduction.Inlet valve 118 by himself elasticity by towards this closed position bias voltage.
Similarly, expulsion valve is biased in closed position usually, and it remains on this position by dominant pressure in the fall back process of piston in cylinder body 71.In piston moved ahead process in cylinder body 71, it pushed open position by pressure higher in compression volume than in discharge header.
The 3rd plate 102 is installed in the circular joggle 143 of the 4th plate 103 on the face 144 of cylinder body.Plate 102 is pliable and tough relatively and plays packing ring that it is crushed between the 4th plate 103 and second plate 101.The 3rd plate 102 comprises the big opening 112 that the broad joggle 142 on the face 144 with the 4th plate 103 aligns.Opening 112 forms discharge header with joggle 142, and compression refrigerant flows into this discharge header from exhaust port 114.
Another opening 121 that passes the 3rd plate 102 aligns with joggle 145 on the face 144 of the 4th plate 103.Opening 121 also aligns with the opening 117 and 115 of second plate 101 and first plate 100.Pneumatic filter 120 receives delivers to gas bearing service duct 73 from the compression refrigerant of joggle 145 and through the hole on first and second plates 146,147.
Passing the suction opening 95 of the 3rd plate 102 aligns with suction port 113 on second plate 101.Opening 95 also aligns with the suction port 96 that passes the 4th plate 103.Taper on the face 98 of the 4th plate 103 or truncate taper suction port 97 lead to suction port 96.Suction port 96 is sealed by intake silencer 104.Intake silencer 104 comprises for example loose pattern product, has the space of opening wide substantially towards cylinder block casting one side at it.When it was connected with the 4th plate, this space was sealed by the 4th plate 103.Intake silencer 104 can be connected on the superimposed panel 100 to 103 by any possible mode, for example be assemblied in the passage on the face of the 4th plate 104 by peripheral lip with intake silencer, perhaps these head plate are connected on the cylinder block casting, thereby intake silencer are fixed on the 4th plate as a stacked part by the bolt that passes the flange on the sound device.Intake silencer 104 comprises along away from the direction of cylinder block casting 33 passage 93 from suction main's spatial extension of sealing to open end.This passage is the refrigerant suction passage.When compressor was in its seal casinghousing, the interior teat 109 that extends through the suction pipe 12 of seal casinghousing stretched into suction passage 93 with big gap.
Coolant jacket
As mentioned above, interconnective coolant jacket chamber 32 is provided with around compression cylinder 71.When compression refrigerant gas, the state of the temperature that the temperature when gas reaches and enters compression volume than them is much higher.This has heated cylinder head 27 and cylinder body lining 10.
In the present invention, supply fluid refrigerant is used to cool off the refrigerant of cylinder wall/lining, cylinder head and compression.
Liquid refrigerant is from the condensator outlet supply of refrigeration system.It directly is fed in the coolant jacket chamber 32 around cylinder body.New compression refrigerant of discharging flowed into the coolant jacket chamber before leaving compressor through discharge tube 18.In coolant jacket chamber 32, the liquid refrigerant evaporation is from the surrounding wall and a large amount of heats of cylinder head 27 absorptions of pressurized gas, cylinder block casting 33.
The liquid refrigerant of eductor condenser is lower slightly than the pressure that is right after compression refrigerant afterwards, and it is the obstacle of the discharge side of flow direction pump.But preferably, passive structure is used to make liquid refrigerant to flow into coolant jacket.In the present invention, this is that several aspects of the structure by compressor realize.At first, form the zonule that reduces pressure the next-door neighbour from the outlet port that liquid return tube 34 enters the coolant jacket space.The origin of lower pressure region has been discussed above.It is to flow into coolant jacket by the pressurized gas opening 110 of pressurized gas on head plate 100 to produce.Second aspect is the moving effect of inertial pump slightly that is produced along its length direction to-and-fro motion by liquid refrigerant reflow pipe 34.To-and-fro motion is the relevant reciprocating result of compressor operating and whole cylinder part.The vibration of cylinder body makes the part 148 axially aligned of reflow pipe 34 produce fluctuating accelerations, when it produces surge pressure in the end of liquid return tube 34 during with inlet 33 crossovers.Because evaporate immediately when liquid enters coolant jacket in the high pressure fluctuations process, any reverse flow in the low pressure wave process is an air-flow.Because gas is compared with liquid and had low-down density, considerably less mass flow refluxes by the little recess that connects liquid return tube 34 and coolant jacket.As a result, refrigerant net inflow coolant jacket.
The third aspect is that when being used for the purpose of household refrigerator and refrigerating machine, compressor can be positioned under the condenser.Have been found that the liquid refrigerant drop is formed in the pipeline that extends to compressor if enter coolant jacket with enough speed from the liquid refrigerant of condenser, this causes the pressure of liquid refrigerant more to approach the pressure of compression refrigerant easily.Have been found that this effect provided the self compensation measure when relative pressure indication in system overcame the liquid refrigerant that enters in the coolant jacket space.
Refrigerant
The another way that is used to reduce the heat that is gathered by compressor relates to refrigerant.Have been found that and in Linearkompressor, use isobutane (R600a) can produce collaborative advantage with respect to other refrigerant of use as refrigerant.
At an essential difference between Linearkompressor and the existing compressor is the cubical content that is positioned on the piston of " upper dead center ".In existing compressor, this volume is fixed on discharge capacity smaller part office by the compressor geometrical shape.In the free-piston Linearkompressor, " extremely " volume is along with power input and head pressure and change.When mid power, dead volume can be the major part of operation discharge capacity, even up to 25%.
Dead volume plays a part gas spring, in compression be re-inflated in the process and absorb and release energy.But, since with the irreversible heat exchange of cylinder wall, it is a faulty spring.The temperature of refrigerant rising (or the temperature in the inflation process reduces) is proportional in heat exchange and the compression process.Temperature raises and depends on specific heats of gases rate.For refrigerant R134a commonly used, this ratio of specific heat is 1.127.For other refrigerant commonly used for example CFC12 be similar.But for isobutane (R600a), ratio of specific heat is 1.108.Following table has provided the adiabatic temperature that gas is compressed to the saturation pressure that the condensing temperature with refrigerator (OC evaporator temperature) and refrigerating machine (18C evaporator temperature) is complementary.The two all has the 32C overheated gas that enters compressor and the condenser temperature (these are representative values) of 42C.
| Refrigerant | Evaporator temperature | |
| -18 | 0 | |
| Isobutane | 87C | 69C |
| HFC134a | 99C | 77C |
| CFC12 | 104C | 79C |
Therefore, the physical property that is found especially with Linearkompressor of isobutane and characteristic with other refrigerant of low ratio of specific heat is complementary.This improvement is verified by test.
A series of tests on 450 liters refrigerator, have been carried out.It has the mass flowmenter that is positioned on the compressor suction line before.Refrigerator is tested according to AS/NZS 4474.1-1997 standard in an environmental chamber.Refrigerant R134a is used in the test of at first carrying out.Use refrigerant R600a (isobutane) to carry out twice test subsequently.Test result is as follows:
| R134a | R600a (test 1) | R600a (test 2) | |
| The T condenser | 34.3 | 33.3 | 33.5 |
| The T vaporizer | -3.5 | -6.1 | -4.5 |
| Input power | 22.3 | 18.1 | 17.8 |
| Cooling power | 75.25 | 75.01 | 75.07 |
| Discharge capacity | 7.96 | 8.7 | 8.48 |
| The coefficient of performance | 3.38 | 4.14 | 4.23 |
Test result is presented at the coefficient of performance of the Linearkompressor that moves on the isobutane and compares and significantly improved with operation on R134a.
Spring system
Cylinder body 9 is discharged from pipe 18 and liquid refrigerant ascending pipe 34 supports, and they have the composite rigidity K along axial direction
Cylinder bodySupported spring 39 has low-down rigidity and has insignificant influence along axial direction.Piston sleeve 4 is radially supported by the gas bearing that chamber in the border of cylinder bore and cylinder body lining 10 and passage form.In order to make the resonance of piston and cylinder body, the stiffness K that main spring has
MainMake resonant frequency f
nCan draw from following relation:
M wherein
Piston, m
Cylinder bodyBe the damper mass on piston and cylinder body spring, because the rigidity that pressurized gas produces increases free frequency f
nUsually be 10 to 20Hz, it is less than the desirable operation frequency that frequency is increased.
As mentioned above, air compressor motor comprises two parts, stator 5,6 and the magnet that is positioned on the armature rotor 22.The magnetic interaction of stator 5,6 and armature rotor 22 produces to-and-fro motion power on piston.
It is sinusoidal that Ac in the stator coil needs not to be, as long as alternative frequency approaches the natural resonant frequency of mechanical system, Ac will cause piston to move substantially with respect to cylinder block casting 33.Resonance power produces reaction force on stationary part.Stationary part 5,6 is installed on the housing assembly rigidly by fastening spring 87.
Propose main spring 15 in the present invention and have the much bigger rigidity of rigidity of cylinder body spring compared with effect.Main spring is elevated to " second " mode frequency on " the 3rd " mode frequency, makes " gas spring " only further separate modal frequency subsequently.
Actual motion frequency (" second " mode frequency) is by the complex relationship of the quality of piston and cylinder body and by the decision of the rigidity of cylinder body spring and main spring 15.When head pressure was higher, the rigidity of pressurized gas must be added to the rigidity of main spring.But because the cylinder body spring is very soft (rigidity that for example has main spring 1/10), operation frequency can rationally accurately be drawn by following formula:
By reducing oscillating mass and guaranteeing that the cylinder body spring is softer relatively, almost can eliminate because the external vibration that the source except that the piston/cylinder body moves the principal vibration that causes causes.By not having the particular cylinder block spring, and utilize discharge tube 18 (normally 1000N/m) inherent rigidity (perhaps using under the situation of cooling tube, the combination of the rigidity of discharge tube and cooling tube, promptly, 2000N/m), the rigidity of cylinder body spring can be reduced to minimum.
Is ten to one at about 100g and cylinder body with the piston mass ratio for compressor, piston mass in approximately 75Hz resonance, main spring (K
Main) must be 40000N/m.Usually this value of gas spring is lower than this value of main spring, but is not much lower.In these cases, if gas spring (K
Gas) being designed to about 15000N/m, operation frequency may be contemplated to 99Hz.
Main spring
Higher operation frequency has reduced motor size but has needed bigger spring rate, and thereby produces higher stress in spring.For working life of compressor and the spring material that is to use first water of overstating and wanting.In the past, usually use the main spring of making by the compacting Steel Spring Plate.But the edge that cuts in pressing operation needs careful polishing to regain the initial fatigue strength of Steel Spring Plate.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, main spring is to be made by the music wire of circular cross-section, and it has very high fatigue strength, and does not need polishing subsequently.
The preferred embodiment of main spring is presented among Fig. 1 and 2.Spring takes to twist into double-helical continuous loop form.The free end that forms the steel wire section of spring 15 is fixed in the mounting plate 43, and mounting plate has and is used to be installed to a protuberance 42 on the compressor part.As shown in Figure 3 and as mentioned above, these protuberances 42 are installed on the cylinder part 1, especially are installed in the slit of support 41.Spring 15 has other mounting point 62, is used to be installed to another compressor part, as shown in Figure 3 and as mentioned above.In a preferred form, it is to be connected on the piston rod 47 by the molded plastic button.Spring 15 comprises pair of curved part 63,64, they respectively with constant bending radius around the cylinder body mounting plate.Each curved section extends in about 360 ° of scopes.Each part is crooked smoothly in two end.At mounting plate transition portion 65,66, they bend to and make them radially align in the part 67,68 at cylinder body mounting plate place.Sharp bend part 65,66 is chosen to keep substantially stress uniformly along transition portion.The alignment of cylinder body mounting end 67,68 is alignd with the cylinder body mounting plate subsequently.The constant curved section 63,64 of spring 15 can be any range.In the embodiment shown, they are respectively about 360 ° scope.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the mounting plate 43 of spring 15 is positioned at its opposite side.Mounting point, center 62 is positioned at its more close side.Constant curved section 63,64 respectively in its lower end smooth curved so that alignment and continuously mutually on conventional diameter of a circle across the spring at 62 places, mounting point.The location of diameter is vertical with the end 67,68 of aliging of cylinder part mounting plate 43 basically.
Constant radius curved section 63,64 by piston mounting point 62 with respect to the displacement of mounting plate 43 and deflection.Because constant-radius, also be constant basically along the flexural stress of each part 63,64.If spring end is installed in the mounting plate 43 and is positioned at piston mounting point 62, in cylinder body mounting portion 67,68 and the radially or substantially radial direction at 62 places, piston mounting point reduced any flexural stress, thereby improved the installation of spring 15 with cylinder part and piston portion.
The application of Linearkompressor
Linearkompressor is mainly used in the family expenses refrigeration system according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, for example refrigerating machine, refrigerator or refrigerator/refrigerating machine combination.This compressor can directly substitute the compressor of other type, such as the rotating crank compressor.Linearkompressor receives the agent of low pressure cooling by evaporation and discharges high pressure compressed refrigerant by discharge tube 13 by suction pipe 12.In refrigeration system, discharge tube 13 is typically connected to condenser.Suction pipe 12 connects and is used for receiving the cooling by evaporation agent from one or more vaporizers.Liquid refrigerant delivery pipe 14 receives the refrigerant of condensation from the condenser accumulator or the refrigerant pipeline of condenser back (or from), is used for cooling compressor as described above.Also comprise the processing pipe 16 that passes seal casinghousing, be used for the emptying refrigeration system and fill selected refrigerant.
The composition that comprises the refrigeration system of compressor of the present invention does not constitute a part of the present invention.Many useful refrigeration systems structure be known and more also be possible.Compressor of the present invention can be used for any this system.
The purposes of compressor is not limited to the refrigeration system of household refrigerator and refrigerating machine according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, and also can be used for the refrigeration system of air conditioner.It also can be used for the gas compressor of non-refrigerant purposes, and the liquid refrigerant that is used to cool off is in this case carried and can be cancelled.
The operation of Linearkompressor and control can by to stationary part 5,6 suitable energisings carry out.Pass seal casinghousing 30 and be provided with power connector 17, it is installed on the opening 19.The suitable control system that is used for winding power supply does not constitute a part of the present invention, and it is also known and be to be suitable for to be used for the many alternative drive system of brushless DC motor.A suitable drive system further describes at International Patent Application PCT/NZ00/00105.
Advantage
Many advantages of Linearkompressor have according to the preferred embodiment of the invention been described in foregoing detailed description.Some other advantage of not mentioning comprises:
(a) piston rod is connected with the resiliency flexible of main spring to the mounting bracket 41 of cylinder block casting 33 with piston, and the light weight of piston and be used for piston sleeve and can eliminate the needs that compressor added oiling agent with the suitable selection of the material of cylinder body lining.Therefore, can eliminate oil lubricant in the refrigerant of whole refrigeration system unfavorable existence or for the accumulator of oil lubricant or the needs of separator.
(b) piston of light weight and link assembly have reduced two main compressor structural vibrations momentum sizes, thereby the vibration that is delivered to seal casinghousing is reduced.
(c) main spring is to be made by the material with high fatigue life, this material does not need other polishing operation after forming main spring, and the shape of main spring and feasible material consumption, spring weight and the spring minimized in size for required spring strength of structure.
(d) the armature rotor magnet is arranged on make on the piston rod piston rod directly in the stator air gap operation linear motor of side direction compactness is provided, make the operation of the armature rotor between two parts of stator to adjust accurately and efficiently.
(e) connection (compliant connection) of being obedient between piston and piston rod and from the connecting rod to the cylinder part has guaranteed that piston sleeve can be owing to incorrect non axial location causes applying localized stress in cylinder bore.
(f) using isobutane refrigerant and use to have more other refrigerant of height ratio heating rate in Linearkompressor compares collaborative advantage can be provided.
(g) liquid is transported to the combination compressed air stream that to give cylinder body and cylinder head assembly and leave compressor around the coolant jacket of cylinder body evaporative cooling is provided.Under the situation that does not need the active pumping installations, can realize discharging the pressurized gas in the coolant jacket.
(h) overall compression machine structure is suitable in the household electric appliance very much.Because the low total height of seal casinghousing, the size of the machine space of refrigerator or refrigerant can reduce.For the consideration of inner space, machine chamber is extended on the whole width of electrical equipment usually, regardless of its required element that holds.But its height and the degree of depth are normally determined by maximum height of assembling compressor and degree of depth requirement.Giving the credit to compressor element according to the low profile of Linearkompressor of the present invention is to arrange end to end rather than with one heart.
(i) main spring of compressor and motor component are subjected to the effect by the elasticity preload to a certain degree of part geometry, size and dimension decision.Because faulty assembling, because normal manufacturing tolerances or because the effect of motor operation, parts fluff and collide thereupon, send click sound or the possibility that breaks down reduces or eliminates in the compressor operating process.
(j) piston rod is fused in this way and makes piston area accurately locate with respect to the neutral position of main spring on the main spring in hot plate welding technology.Therefore, compressor can move and have low cylinder head gap, guarantees that piston does not clash into cylinder head at its front end of advancing.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of making Linearkompressor so that the piston of Linearkompressor is connected on the spring of Linearkompressor, described method comprise can be arbitrary the following steps implemented of order:
(a) piston is arranged on the predetermined axial position in the compressor casing hole;
The piston link position of spring that (b) will be connected with cylinder part is set in based on the position of spring predetermined displacement amount or spring and applies the position of being scheduled to reaction force; And
(c) at the axially spaced-apart place of the strictness of determining according to step (a) and the interval that (b) obtained the described piston link position of described piston and described spring is combined.
2, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (c) comprises that the extension part with described piston is fused on the installation button on the described spring, and the described step of the axial dimension of described installation button of welding or described extension part changes from pre-package size.
3, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, step (b) comprises the position that described piston is arranged on the displacement amount with any normal running position that exceeds described piston, make the element be connected with described piston cooperate with the element of described cylinder part, so as with the described element of described piston portion be set to the described piston plane that the to-and-fro motion axis is vertical in described cylinder body on a precalculated position on.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510135774 CN1789708A (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Linear compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510135774 CN1789708A (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Linear compressor |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB008200505A Division CN1263953C (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Linear compressor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1789708A true CN1789708A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510135774 Pending CN1789708A (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Linear compressor |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1789708A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110131253A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-08-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Electro hydraulic exciting system and its assembly and excitation method based on dynamic pressure sealing effect |
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2000
- 2000-10-17 CN CN 200510135774 patent/CN1789708A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110131253A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-08-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Electro hydraulic exciting system and its assembly and excitation method based on dynamic pressure sealing effect |
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