CN1786773A - Method and apparatus for multi lens vision correcting - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for multi lens vision correcting Download PDFInfo
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- CN1786773A CN1786773A CN 200410096975 CN200410096975A CN1786773A CN 1786773 A CN1786773 A CN 1786773A CN 200410096975 CN200410096975 CN 200410096975 CN 200410096975 A CN200410096975 A CN 200410096975A CN 1786773 A CN1786773 A CN 1786773A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi lens eyesight rectification method and the device that adopts two lenses to form set of lens and the nearer to the eye is concave lens that is the nearer the better, the further one is convex lens. It would make the final image imaging at the front of central optic axis, and the virtual image would be controlled to transmit to the farther place. Thus, the benefit of rectifying eyesight would be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi lens vision correcting method and apparatus.
Background technology
Physiology running (Physiology of sight) principle of vision, a people's outer eye muscle may command eyeball makes the optical axis alignment object of sight line, and after visible light clashes into the reflection of this object, pass cornea (Cornea), aqueous humor (Aqueous humour) in anterior chamber (Anterior chamber) and the back room (Posterior chamber), crystalline lens (Lens), the vitreum (Vitreous body) of sclera (Sclera) institute dressing, go up the real image (real image) that produces handstand at nethike embrane (Retina), if the image that this moment, nethike embrane produced can not focus on (focus), then be positioned at intraciliary involuntary muscle (involuntary muscles) and accept the instruction of oculomotor nerve (Oculomotor nerve), meeting is moved and is changed lenticular shape, to change its diopter, up to image focusing till clear, the signal of nethike embrane sensed image is delivered to brain via optic nerve (Optic nerves) again and translates and release (interpretation), makes more message and handles.
And the reason that near-sighted formation can't improve has a lot, wherein one be exactly a influence with eye custom, because unusual causes intraciliary muscle unidirectional constantly with the eye custom, single custom is used, itself and the excessive one-way movement of crystalline lens can't be replied naturally, pseudo-myopia is control and sees near ciliary spasm or cramp, can't discharge the crystalline lens of excessive adjusting and cause, if continue its old habits and customs of accumulation, of a specified duration and of a specified duration, the axial length of eyeball also can be elongated, particularly in eyeball and vision physiological stage of development, this problem is the most serious, and causes image at the nethike embrane difficulty focusing, continue its old habits and customs of accumulation if ignore, worsen and become high myopia, then may cause fearful pathology, as detached retina or the like.We have realized that at present, gently, it is not fearful that medium myopia does not see the problem of Chu, can see as long as correct defects of vision, but in, high myopia just begins and will bear fearful risk, yet very cold non-one day trembling with fear, canvass this understanding, can further recognize, the reason that causes myopia is to control and to improve, otherwise may cause terrible consequences, except pathology and other reason, unusual is noticeable reason of the utmost importance with the eye custom, what this habit had more can entail the next generation, makes that the next generation is easier a similar tendency.
Traditional near vision orthosis is preceding in nethike embrane at focusing on, and imposes to disperse (diverging) lens (being concavees lens in air), is corrected to make its normal focusing, and this provides the user to recover the normal instrument of ability of looking of seeing really.But, but can't change user's custom and environment, so the user must continue his custom in the past with eye always, consequently Jin Shi people almost can keep near-sighted always, even the number of degrees constantly increase.The multi-focus lens of directly correcting defects of vision can slow down same custom, but can't be when the low number of degrees near-sighted, with the balanced old customs of congeniality lens.In actual life, if be the people of myopia, few not only few people's meeting but also become no near-sighted state naturally gradually, Here it is owing to can't the forgo result of old customs of traditional orthosis.Machine or method that many visual trainings are arranged on the market, the difficulty be in, people's eyesight is the important tool of an acquired information, fuzzy problem has appearred in eyesight, can not light in order to train, but cause can't acquired information problem, only cause and can in limited and short time, train.Therefore, effect is limited, makes one of the reason cause human high myopia--habit problem, be difficult to obtain thoroughly improving completely, therefore, we need really both can correct defects of vision and see clearly Chu's object, can change the device of old customs again, be to be directed to this, necessity of being studied is arranged in fact.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is providing a kind of vision correction method and apparatus of many eyeglasses, use minimum two lens to form the basic framework of lens combination, the lens (lens) of close eyes, apart from eyes more better, and rectifiable eyesight focuses on and the user can be known see distant objects, and the diopter overcompensation of tool one overcorrection, and the lens far away apart from eyes, then according to this overcompensation, become incompatible convex lens with nearer lens, utilize selected appropriate dioptric combination of lenses, allowing last imaging (final image) be created in sight line optical axis (central optic axis) locates than the front position, and the virtual image (virtual image) of object after the lens combination conversion, then be designed control transformation at a distance, to extend than short distance and become longer distance, ciliary body and crystalline lens are moved for focusing, make last imaging still on retina, in the scope of needs, still can know to see and look object, and as far as possible to observe the motion that same object does different with naked apparent time, to change eyes operating habit before, make in nonoperative mode, and in normal study, take into account training under the situation of work and life, correct user's focusing, provide the user to recover the normal ability of looking of seeing.
Secondary objective of the present invention is providing a kind of many eyeglasses myoporthosis device, allow eye user's ciliary body and crystalline lens, operate in as far as possible and be equivalent to watch use interval at a distance, promptly not at specific object, optionally with the object in the environment of myope, become visible sensation distance far away by closely extending, become long visible sensation distance by extending than short distance, to improve the visual problems that custom causes myopia, the motion of balanced eyeball involuntary muscle, make it the cause custom and the myopia of influence, can induce control to see that near ciliary muscle is lax as far as possible, oppositely solves the eyesight deterioration problem by the influence of new custom, slow down even stop axial length and increase, with the pathology of avoiding causing degree of depth myopia to be caused, if the simple pseudo-myopia that just causes because of custom then can utilize the present invention to help the characteristics of myope with the improvement of eye custom for the distance of object and the conversion of size, through adjustment after a while, eventually to eliminating myopia fully.
By below in conjunction with the explanation of accompanying drawing, will make principle of the present invention, effect and above-mentioned and other purpose is clearer to instantiation of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the naked schematic side view of looking object image-forming of eyes;
Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of object image-forming of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--the object distance " rate of change curve chart (wherein data are obtained by hurdle #2, #3, #4 and the hurdle # 1 of table (2)) of combination of lenses example A, B of the present invention, C.
Fig. 4 is combination of lenses example A, B of the present invention, C " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change curve chart (wherein data are obtained by hurdle #2, #3, #4 and the hurdle # 1 of table (3));
Fig. 5 is the curve map (wherein data are obtained by hurdle #2, the #3 and the hurdle # 1 that show (4)) of visible sensation distance soA and object distance oA of the conversion of combination of lenses of the present invention example A, D;
Fig. 6 is the curve map (wherein data are obtained by hurdle #2, the #3 and the hurdle # 1 that show (5)) of visible sensation distance soA and object distance oA of the conversion of combination of lenses of the present invention example A, E;
Fig. 7 is that combination of lenses example D of the present invention is divided by the ratio of the vision height sHoA of the conversion of combination of lenses example A and the curve map (wherein data are obtained by the hurdle #2 and the hurdle # 1 of table (6)) of object distance oA;
Fig. 8 is that combination of lenses example E of the present invention is divided by the ratio of the vision height sHoA of the conversion of combination of lenses example A and the curve map (wherein data are obtained by the hurdle #2 and the hurdle # 1 of table (7)) of object distance oA;
Fig. 9 to Figure 15 is respectively that the table one of test experiments data information of the present invention is to table seven.
Description of reference numerals: 1 equivalent lens group; 2 objects; 3 retinas.
Embodiment
Please cooperate and consult shown in Figure 1ly, (geometrical optics) illustrates the principle of the invention with geometrical optics, no any lens combination, the normal naked equivalent lens group of looking of representative, wherein use and the symbol definition of computing as follows:
Deye: be the normal naked total diopter looked of eyeball, normal naked looking only along with object space oE or oA change.
Dcor: be the equivalent diopter of cornea, the normal naked constant that is considered as.
Daqe: be the equivalent diopter of aqueous humor, the normal naked constant that is considered as.
Dlns: be lenticular equivalent diopter, normally should be along with object space oE or oA change.Other can be with the temporary variation of oA to comprise eyeball, and for example long change of the axis oculi of up-to-date generation or the like causes the equivalent diopter that trace changes.
Dvit: be vitreum and other undefined normal part, and the equivalent diopter that does not change along with object space oA, the normal naked constant that is considered as.
FE: be the focal length of eyes equivalent lens, should change along with object space oE or oA.
OE: be the optical axis position of object in sight line, reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens, and oE also equals oA, is uncontrollable variable.
IE: be the position that is imaged on optical axis (focusing on just often at retina) that is produced by eyes, reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens, along with Deye changes, but the normal naked constant that is considered as.
HoE: the true altitude of object, equal HoA, be uncontrollable variable.
HiE: object is through the height of eyes imaging, along with Deye, oE or oA and HoE change.
RHiE:HiE is to the ratio of HoE.
Normal naked total diopter (Diopter) Deye that looks of eyeball can be expressed as:
Deye＝Dcor+Daqe+Dlns+Dvit (1)
fE＝1/Deye (2)
In normal naked the looking, Deye can change with object space oA:
Deye＝1/iE+1/oE＝1/iE+1/oA (3)
Ask the rate of change of Deye, wherein mainly have only Dlns to change with oA to oA
d(Deye)/d(oA)＝d(Dcor+Daqe+Dlns+Dvit)/d(oA)＝d(Dlns)/d(oA) (4)
d(Deye)/d(oA)＝d(Dlns)/d(oA)＝-1/(oA^2) (5)
At the height of the last imaging of eyes, can be expressed as:
HiE＝(0-iE/oE)*HoE＝(0-iE/oA)*HoA (6)
HiE＝(0-1/(1/fE-1/oA)/oA)*HoA＝(fE/(fE-oA))*HoA (7)
The height of last imaging is to the ratio of original height:
rHiE＝HiE/HoE＝0-iE/oA＝fE/(fE-oE)＝fE/(fE-oA) (8)
In fact, unless the eyeball distortion, the nethike embrane position can't change when observing object at any time, but for ease of reference, when supposing that fE is constant, in position oA, image position iE hopes for success to object:
iE＝1/(1/fE-1/oA) (9)
iE＝1/(Deye-1/oA) (10)
As shown in Figure 2, be an equivalent lens group that adds that combination of lenses used in the present invention and eyes form.Wherein the symbol definition of use and computing is as follows:
Deye_c: use the present invention with lens A with B during as lens combination, eyes equivalence diopter adds total diopter of the diopter DB of lens B, can be along with object distance oA, DA, DB, xA, xB, Ddis change.
Dlns_c: use the present invention with lens A with B during as lens combination, the equivalent diopter of eye lens should change along with object space oE or oA, but the curve that changes is different with original naked apparent time, because also can be along with DA, DB, xA, xB, Ddis change.
Deye_s: use the present invention with lens A and B during as lens combination, can produce different being accustomed to eye, just, the equivalent diopter of eye lens has different reactions, is to be Dlns_c, this Dlns_c is replaced the Dlns in normal eye refraction degree originally, just can observe, such eye refraction degree may have different dioptric reactions to the object of same position, with the such lens combination of convenient assessment, whether conform with conversion object distance and big or small requirement.Also equal the over-compensation diopter DBe of Deye_c deduction lens B, along with oA, DA, xA change.
Ddis: the total equivalent diopter of eyes distortion, be the equivalent diopter of long sight or myopia, this diopter not along with oA changes, is uncontrollable variable.If naked looking normally, then Ddis is zero.
FEx: use when of the present invention, the focal length of eyes equivalent lens, along with oA, DA, xA, Ddis change, its inverse is Deye_x.
FEc: use when of the present invention, the eyes equivalent lens adds lens B, and the equivalent focal length of the lens combination of being formed is along with oA, DA, DB, xA, xB, Ddis change.
XA: the photocentre distance of lens A and eyes equivalent lens is controllable variable.
XB: the photocentre distance of lens B and eyes equivalent lens is controllable variable.
XBs: the distance of lens B and ocular surface, be convenient to measure.
OA: object is at optical axis position, and reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens, and oA also equals oE, is uncontrollable variable.
IA: the imaging that object is produced by lens A, in the position of optical axis, reference point is the photocentre of lens A, along with oA, DA change.
OB: as the object (being the imaging of lens A herein) of lens B, at optical axis position, reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens.
IB: by the imaging that lens B produces, in the position of optical axis, reference point is the photocentre of lens A, along with oB, DB change.
IExaxb: use the present invention with lens A and B as lens combination, and xB＜＞0 and not leveling off to zero time, by the position that is imaged on optical axis (focusing is just often at retina) that eyes produce, reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens.If eye's lens can fully be regulated, then iExaxb should be fixed value, along with Deye_c changes, but normally is constant.
IExa: use the present invention with lens A and B as lens combination, and xB=0 or level off to zero time, by the position that is imaged on optical axis (can focus on just often at retina) of eyes generation, reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens.If eye's lens can fully be regulated, then iExa should be fixed value, along with Deye_c changes, but normally is constant.
OExaxb: use the present invention with lens A and B as lens combination, and xB＜＞0 and not leveling off to when zero, the object of eyes (being the imaging of lens B herein) is in the position of optical axis, reference point is the photocentre of eyes equivalent lens.
FA: the focal length of lens A is controllable variable.
FB: the focal length of lens B is controllable variable.
DA: the diopter of lens A is controllable variable.
DB: the diopter of lens B is controllable variable.
DBe: lens B compensation eyes are controllable variable to normal dioptric extra overcompensation value.
HoA: supply the height of the object of lens A imaging, equal HoE, be uncontrollable variable.
HiA: the imaging height of object scioptics A, along with DA, HoA, xA and oA change.
HoB: supply the height of the object of lens B imaging, be HiA herein.
HiB: the imaging height of scioptics B, along with DB, HoB, xB and oB change.
HiEax: use when of the present invention, the height of the last imaging of object is along with Deye_x and HiB change.
RHiEax: use when of the present invention, the height H iExa of the last imaging of object is to the ratio of object true altitude HoA.
More than variable or the constant of mentioning especially in the explanation just makes things convenient for reference, and not representing influences this function only variable of institute or constant, and detailed content should be with reference to relevant formula.
As shown in Figure 2, implement according to the present invention, then correlation formula is derived as follows:
Placing the object of oA to image in iA through lens A, highly is HiA
iA＝1/(1/fA-1/(oA-xA)) (11)
HiA＝(0-iA/(oA-xA))*HoA (12)
The iA coordinate transforming becomes oB
Placing the object of oB to image in iB through lens B, highly is HiB
oB＝xA-iA (13)
iB＝1/(1/fB-1/(oB-xB)) (14)
HiB＝(0-iB/(oB-xB))*HiA (15)
The iB coordinate transforming becomes oExaxb
Placing the object of oExaxb to image in iExaxb through eyes, highly is HiExaxb
oExaxb＝xB-iB (16)
iExaxb＝1/(1/fEx-1/oExaxb) (17)
HiExaxb＝(0-iExaxb/(oExaxb))*HiB (18)
Require design xB to level off to zero so that xA＞＞xB, make DA influence its characteristic because of xA, than xB in DB, obviously different, simplify iExaxb and become iExa
iExa＝lim?xB--＞0(iExaxb)＝1/(1/fEx+ 1/fB-1/oB) (19)
At this moment, the variation of fEx has been subjected to the influence of oA, DA, xA, if Ddis exists, influenced by it, rather than the original normal naked Deye that only reacts with oA that looks
Deye_c＝1/fEx+ 1/fB＝Deye_x+DB (20)
fEc＝1/Deye_c (21)
iExa＝1/(1/fEc-1/oB) (22)
To formula (22), arrangement is obtained with xA by formula (11), and oA, fA, fEc are the function iExa of variable
iExa＝fEc*(xA^2-oA*xA+fA*oA)/(xA^2-(oA+fEc)*xA-fEc*
fA+(fA+fEc)*oA) (23)
Level off to behind zero the lens B compensation DB by xB, near-sighted Ddis is cancelled, and eyes return to the normal value Deye of expectation, offset Ddis after, remaining DB overcompensation value just DBe.After asking Deye_c, ask the rate of change of Deye_c to oA again, ciliary body and lenticular motion represent wherein mainly have only Dlns_c to change with oA with Dlns_c.
Deye_c＝Dcor+Daqe+Dlns_c+Dvit+Ddis+DB＝Dcor+Daqe+
Dlns_c+Dvit+DBe (24)
fEc＝iExa*(xA^2-oA*xA+fA*oA)/(xA^2+(iExa-oA)*xA+
iExa*fA+(fA-iExa)*oA) (25)
Get by formula (1) and formula (24)
Deye_s＝Deye-Dlns+Dlns_c＝Deye_c-(Ddis+DB)＝Deye_c-DBe (26)
d(Deye_c)/d(oA)＝d(Dcor+Daqe+Dlns_c+Dvit+Ddis+DB)/d(oA)＝d(Dlns_c)/d(oA) (27)
Get Deye_c by formula (25), behind the differential
d(Deye_c)/d(oA))＝d(Deye_s)/d(oA)＝-fA^2/(xA^2-oA*xA+oA*fA)^2 (28)
To formula (23), arrangement is obtained with xA by formula (11), and oA, fA, fEc are the function rHiExa of variable
HiExa＝lim?xB--＞0(HiExaxb) (29)
rHiExa＝HiExa/HoA＝-fA*fEc/(xA^2-(oA+fEc)*xA-fEc*fA+(fA+fEc)*oA) (30)
Replace variable fEc with iExa, get by formula (25) and formula (30)
rHiExa＝-iExa*fA/(xA^2-oA*xA+fA*oA) (31)
Under help of the present invention, eyes can obtain being different from naked object distance of looking and big or small sensation, and ciliary body and crystalline lens move for adaptation, attempt adjusting diopter, and last imaging still can be on nethike embrane.We can calculate under this new custom, actual object distance and its pairing equivalent perceptual distance of height and height, and use therein symbol is as giving a definition:
SoA: actual oA place object, the equivalent position of vision of placing
SHoA: the actual oA place object that places, have the height of HoA, the equivalent height rsHoA of vision: sHoA is to the ratio of HoA
In other words, the image that the use device that the present invention narrated is seen, it is the picture that generates by Deye_c uses the DA of xA, (=Deye_c-DBe) curve is different from Deye to Deye_s, Dlns_c is just in time representing ciliary body control crystalline lens according to motion state of the present invention, if the Dlns among the Deye is replaced by Dlns_c, just can oppositely calculate ciliary body control corresponding normal (Ddis=0D) object distance of lenticular motion state Dlns_c institute with highly.
By formula (10), (24)), (26):
soA＝1/(Deye-Dlns+Dlns_c-1/iE)＝1/(Deye_c-DBe-1/iE)＝
1/(Deye_s-1/iE) (32)
Imaging size and normal rate that eyes are felt, though only have rHiExa/rHiE, but if consider eyes and moved simultaneously see far away or near state, then can calculate the sensation distance in the lump so that calculate in the position that object is felt, object the size felt.Get by formula (6), (8), (31):
rsHiExa＝HiExa/sHoA＝-iE/soA (33)
sHoA＝-soA*HiExa/iE＝soA*HiExa/(-oA*HiE/HoA) (34)
rsHoA＝sHoA/HoA＝-(soA/oA)*(rHiExa/rHiE) (35)
VT: in certain assessment period, total n section eyes are observed the time of different distance object, and vT is the totalling of this n section time.
VTi: the i period, eyes are observed the time of jobbie.
SoAi: i period, the conscious vision equivalent position of watching attentively or observing object of eyes, the i.e. visible sensation distance of object and eyes.
AsoA: certain assessment vT in period, eyes are observed the average visual distance of object.
vT＝vT1+vT2+vT3+…+…vTi+…+vTn (36)
asoA＝(vT1*soA1+vT2*soA2+vT3*soA3+…+…vTi*soAi+…+vTn*soAn)/vT (37)
As previously mentioned, visually change the position of object, changed the exercise habit of eyes indirectly, describe just how to change distance in detail now.
Below calculate, suppose that certain eye is normal, and its minimum power is 54D, please refer to the setting value of the combination of lenses example of table (1), use aforementioned formula calculating, the result places table (2).
The table (2) hurdle # 1 be eyes and object apart from oA or oE.We can observe and work as xA=0, and formula (28) equals formula (5).And xA can influence the characteristic of " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance " curve really.
Combination of lenses example A: reference table (1), substitution formula (28) calculate the rate of change of " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance ", as table (2) hurdle # 5 result.
Combination of lenses example B: reference table (1), substitution formula (28) calculate the rate of change of " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance ", as table (2) hurdle # 6 result.
Combination of lenses example C: reference table (1), substitution formula (28) calculate the rate of change of " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance ", as table (2) hurdle #7 result.
Please consult shown in Figure 3 simultaneously, the Y coordinate is the ratio between " crystalline lens diopter variations/object distance variation--object distance " rate of change d (Dlns_c)/d (oA)=d (Deye_c)/d (oA) of relatively combination of lenses example A, B, C among the figure, unit is %, and wherein data is obtained by table (2) hurdle #2, #3, #4 after following calculating.The X coordinate is object distance oA, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by the hurdle # 1 of table (2).The data of mentioning relatively:
In table (2) hurdle #2, comparison sheet (2) hurdle # 6 result and table (2) hurdle # 5 result, can find " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance " change rate curve that combination of lenses example B provides, after remote slightly, it is the same curve about 113% of combination of lenses example A, and hurdle # 5, #6, #7 numerical value are for negative, when representing object distance migration distant place or sight to move on at a distance, the tendency degree that lenticular diopter diminishes also is equivalent to the tendency degree of eyes toward the distant place viewed status.Combination of lenses example B can be with the distance conversion of per unit as can be known, and ciliary body motion control crystalline lens is regulated crystalline lens and changed, and is about 113% of normal value and change its diopter.Prove that this makes up extending visible sensation distance.
In table (2) hurdle # 3, comparison sheet (2) hurdle #7 result and table (2) hurdle # 5 result, " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance " change rate curve that combination of lenses example C provides, after remote slightly, it is the same curve about 89% of combination of lenses example A, just combination of lenses example C can be with the distance conversion of per unit, and ciliary body motion control crystalline lens is about 89% of normal value and change its diopter variation.Prove that this makes up compressible visible sensation distance.
In table (2) hurdle #4, comparison sheet (2) hurdle # 6 result and table (2) hurdle #7 result, can find " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance " change rate curve that combination of lenses example B provides, after remote slightly, be combination of lenses example C same curve about 127%, just the convertible ciliary body motion control crystalline lens that is about combination of lenses example C of combination of lenses example B is 127% and change its dioptric ratio.Observe the difference of these two kinds of combinations.
In the middle of this calculates, the basic combination of lenses that proof the present invention uses, near-end lens B adds long-range lens A and both polymerizations (converging) or disperses (diverging) incompatible lens, add the influence of xA, great curve difference is provided really, the present invention can suitably use such combination of lenses, obtains useful curve and helps the user to adjust custom.
Combination of lenses example A is that lens A and B are put together, so xA=0cm, xB=0cm can see DA and DB incompatibility at this moment, and equal-sized lens A and B can repeal by implication.
Combination of lenses example B is that lens A and B are placed at a distance of the 2.0cm place, so xA=2.0cm, xB=0cm, can see lens A and the B of this moment DA=3.0D and DB=-3.0D, can not repeal by implication fully, because of the absolute value of slope bigger than normal value, correct the ability of looking of normally being seen with this method, also can produce extension visible sensation distance effect, but the comparatively spacious space of emulation, again because DB+Ddis=DBe, suppose Ddis=0, then DBe=DB=-3.0D in this example.
Combination of lenses example C is that lens A and B are placed at a distance of the 2.0cm place, so xA=2.0cm, xB=0cm, can see lens A and the B of this moment DA=-3.0D and DB=3.0D, can not repeal by implication fully, because of the absolute value of slope littler than normal value, correct the ability of looking of normally being seen with this method, also can produce compression visible sensation distance effect, but the comparatively narrow space of emulation, again because DB+Ddis=DBe, suppose Ddis=0, then DBe=DB=3.0D in this example.
Retina resolution is under the fixing situation, visually change the size (can highly weigh) of object, directly changed the identification of vision, magnification is in the middle of such combination of lenses, occupy an important position, because when the present invention changes the vision distance of object, also possesses the ability that can change the real image size that on nethike embrane, produces, directly control identification,, then allow eyes not need too close object to get final product access message if identification is enough, otherwise, if identification is not enough, then subjective, can want to allow eyes need more close object just to make things convenient for access message.
Below calculate, please refer to the setting value of the combination of lenses example of table (1), use formula to calculate, the result places table (3).
The table (3) hurdle # 1 be eyes and object apart from oA.We also can observe and work as xA=0, and formula (31) equals formula (8).
Combination of lenses example A: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (3) hurdle # 5 result.
Combination of lenses example B: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (3) hurdle # 6 result.
Combination of lenses example C: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (3) hurdle #7 result.
Please consult shown in Figure 4 simultaneously, the Y coordinate is the ratio between " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change HiExa/HoA of relatively combination of lenses example A, B, C among the figure, unit is %, and wherein data is obtained by table (3) hurdle #2, #3, #4 after following calculating.The X coordinate is object distance oA, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by the hurdle # 1 of table (3).Following data:
In table (3) hurdle #2, comparison sheet (3) hurdle # 6 result and table (3) hurdle # 5 result, can find the rate of change of combination of lenses example B " imaging height/object height--object distance ", after remote slightly, be that the rate of change of " imaging height/object height--object distance " of combination of lenses example A is about 106%, just combination of lenses example B can be with the former imaging height of object per unit, change into about 106% imaging highly, wherein, the negative number representation of hurdle # 5, #6, #7 is the handstand real image.Prove that this makes up scalable imaging size.
In table (3) hurdle # 3, comparison sheet (3) hurdle #7 result and table (3) hurdle # 5 result, can find the rate of change of combination of lenses example C " imaging height/object height--object distance ", after remote slightly, it is the rate of change about 94% of combination of lenses example A " imaging height/object height--object distance ", just combination of lenses example C changes into about 94% imaging height with the former imaging height of object per unit.Prove that this combination can dwindle imaging size.
In table (3) hurdle #4, comparison sheet (3) hurdle # 6 result and table (3) hurdle #7 result, can find the rate of change of combination of lenses example B " imaging height/object height--object distance ", after remote slightly, be that the rate of change of " imaging height/object height--object distance " of combination of lenses example C is about 112%, just combination of lenses example B be the routine C of combination of lenses the imaging altitude rate 112%.Prove the basic combination of lenses that the present invention uses, the difference of object image-forming height is provided really.
Only to be eyes for object amplify in same imaging apart from oA so-called herein magnification dwindles the result, as for visually real sensation, it is also conceivable that eyes watch far and near state.If the object distance eyes are far away, then the picture that is produced will be smaller, otherwise, then bigger, for example, an automobile is outside 100 meters, and outside 10 meters, the size that seems should be different with same automobile, if it is the same unexpectedly, just be equivalent to that amplification of 100 meters into about 10 times, otherwise, dwindled exactly.That is to say, Gan Jue dimension of object visually, can also according to formula (8), (32), (35) convert it.
Therefore the light that reflects from object, if do not pass through the processing of any device or system, the adjustment distance of that one ciliary body control crystalline lens correspondence just equals actual range, the present invention really can be under the situation that does not influence normal study, work and life, for the ciliary body that we were concerned about, can provide corresponding comparatively sensitive sensation apart from conversion, make the custom that ciliary body can be new, adjust muscular movement, and then improve stopping that eyesight makes and worsen.
After eyesight goes wrong, if without any the assistance of instrument, then because do not see Chu Dongxi, have uncertain sense psychologically, also do not allow a people to be in the state that a kind of information is broken off at any time in the actual life, therefore, after eyesight went wrong, common people still needed to correct.For the myope that causes because of custom, suppose the regular ground of our energy, books are zoomed into 10 times be placed on outside 10 meters, read for it, they are bound to can be when not needing painstakingly to change habits and customs, change them easily and observed the custom of object, that the one, the degree that just can alleviate their original pseudo-myopias because of different customs of a specified duration and of a specified duration is to the pseudo-myopia at initial stage, if method is correct, also can recover the normal naked ability of looking.
The numerical value of lens A and B is selected to be very important, correct design just can take into account to be seen the ability of looking and improves custom, the user also must normally use the present invention by correct cooperation actual environment, to reach the effect that changes custom, assessment for convenience judges whether that the user is visible at a distance really for a long time, can weigh by formula (37) asoA, just can determine to produce the effect of " thing of looking in the distance at the spaciousness place ".Learn by correlation formula and experiment, asoA greater than about 4 meters for showing active zone, asoA more better, asoA is bigger, then required shorter to its effect evaluation time, in other words, correctly use the present invention, can slow down control immediately and see near ciliary spasm or cramp degree, yet custom for years, may not can because of so going out perceptible effect with regard to immediate response, desired effects also must just can present through accumulation after a while, asoA is bigger, then the degree of slowing down of this spasm heals greatly, therefore can earlier perceive its effect, so can shorten its effect evaluation time.
Another characteristics of the present invention are the restrictions that are not subjected to user's myopic degree Ddis itself, still can design the context conversion that they need.If only consider lens A, then can't build the result of expectation at some environment, or just do not see Chu's object at all, therefore also need to consider the selection of lens B, just can the qualitative quantitative again conversion that controls environment fully, help the user under the clearly prerequisite of seeing, reverse train is replaced old customs.Basically, variables D A of the present invention and xA have controlled apart from conversion ratio, DA then cooperate DBe to control to extend apart from the time terminal point, as for the effect of the real thin portion of each variable, then should calculate the actual result that influences with reference to correlation formula.Because the present invention possesses the control characteristic of qualitative, quantitative, make that follow-up tracking and assessment are feasible.
Be that contact lenses are example explanation orthosis with the near-end lens below, near-end lens B and eyeball level off to zero apart from xB, suppose someone myopia, need rectification-3D, just see clearly Chu's distant objects, and this user often need observe nearer object again, scope is approximately less than 70 centimeters, now, provide sensation distance far away for the nearer environment of this person.Below calculate, please refer to the setting value of the combination of lenses example of table (1).Result of calculation places table (4) and table (5).
The table (4) hurdle # 1 be eyes and object apart from oA.Table (5) hurdle # 1 be eyes and object apart from oA, the scope that is distance is different with table (4) hurdle # 1.
Combination of lenses example A: reference table (1), equivalent ophthalmic refractive degree (Deye_s=Deye_c-DBe) is calculated in substitution formula (21), (25), (26), and the result is as table (4) hurdle #4.
Combination of lenses example A: reference table (1), equivalent ophthalmic refractive degree Deye_s is calculated in substitution formula (21), (25), (26), and the result is as table (5) hurdle #4.
Combination of lenses example D: reference table (1), equivalent ophthalmic refractive degree Deye_s is calculated in substitution formula (21), (25), (26), and the result is as table (4) hurdle # 5.
Extend into the farther place for strengthening the near-end object, in the same place of distance eyeball photocentre (optic center) xA, in the mode of bifocal spectacle (bifocal glasses), other adds the long-range lens A that a diopter is DA.Then be: combination of lenses example E: reference table (1), equivalent ophthalmic refractive degree Deye_s is calculated in substitution formula (21), (25), (26), and the result is as table (5) hurdle # 5.
Visible sensation distance can be replaced the Dlns of Deye by Dlns_c, is calculated by formula (32).
Please refer to Fig. 5 simultaneously, the Y coordinate is the visible sensation distance soA of the conversion of combination of lenses example A, D among the figure, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by table (4) hurdle #2, #3 after following calculating.The X coordinate is object distance oA, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by the hurdle # 1 of table (4).Following data:
The visual object distance of reverse prediction table (4) hurdle #4, result place table (4) hurdle #2.The result is consistent with table (4) hurdle # 1, calculates because it is Deye from normal (Ddis=0D).
The visual object distance of reverse prediction table (4) hurdle # 5, result place table (4) hurdle #3.Data presentation distance slightly extends, but its degree is more not obvious, its advantage be remote object still may observe is clear, and distance slightly extends, shortcoming is to be unfavorable for that in-plant visible sensation distance extends.
Please refer to Fig. 6 simultaneously, the Y coordinate is the visible sensation distance soA of the conversion of combination of lenses example A, E among the figure, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by table (5) hurdle #2, #3 after following calculating.The X coordinate is object distance oA, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by the hurdle # 1 of table (5).Following data:
The visual object distance of reverse prediction table (5) hurdle #4, result place table (5) hurdle #2.The result is consistent with table (5) hurdle # 1, because it is to calculate from normal Deye.
The visual object distance of reverse prediction table (5) hurdle # 5, result place table (5) hurdle #3.Data presentation closely obviously extends, and its advantage is to be beneficial to very much in-plant visible sensation distance to extend.
Imaging is highly analyzed:
The table (6) hurdle # 1 be eyes and object apart from oA.Table (7) hurdle # 1 be eyes and object apart from oA, the scope that is distance is different with table (6) hurdle # 1.
Combination of lenses example A: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (6) hurdle # 3 result.
Combination of lenses example A: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (7) hurdle # 3 result.
Combination of lenses example D: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (6) hurdle #4 result.
Combination of lenses example E: reference table (1), substitution formula (31) is calculated " imaging height/object height--object distance " rate of change (when object space is oA), as table (7) hurdle #4 result.
Visible sensation distance can be calculated by formula (8), (32), (35) by the size of the generation picture on the nethike embrane of naked apparent time.Please refer to Fig. 7 simultaneously, the Y coordinate is the rsHoA of combination of lenses example D among the figure, and unit is %, and wherein data is obtained by table (6) hurdle #2 after following calculating.The X coordinate is object distance oA, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by the hurdle # 1 of table (6).Following data:
The visual object size of reverse prediction table (6) hurdle #4, the result places table (6) hurdle #2, can be observed object and slightly increases.
Please refer to Fig. 8 simultaneously, the Y coordinate is the rsHoA of combination of lenses example E among the figure, and unit is %, and wherein data is obtained by table (7) hurdle #2 after following calculating.The X coordinate is object distance oA, and unit is a meter, and wherein data is obtained by the hurdle # 1 of table (7).Following data:
The visual object size of reverse prediction table (7) hurdle #4, the result places table (7) hurdle #2, can be observed object and obviously increases.
By formula (36), (37), we can be found to easily, and the person of being used uses outside the eye in other place at a distance, if At All Other Times at indoor screen or the monitor seen, can be maintained at about and be slightly larger than 65 centimeters, then asoA＞8 meter even higher are not difficult to accomplish.
Characteristic by above result calculated and actual experiment matches, be not to be arbitrary value, but various situations that will the person of being used design, if numerical Design is bad with lens A and B, can produce as the visual results as the myopia, just like cloud and mist method or the fogging method commonly used.If use the present invention just can design suitable this user after the understanding user needs, both seen clearly Chu's object, can be controlled in suitable being accustomed to again with eye.The effect of near-end lens B is to want compensate for myopia person can see ability than far object clearly, otherwise, as if assisting of the B that does not have the near-end lens, only use long-range lens A, then not only user's eyesight can not obtain suitable rectification, see fuzzylyyer for the moment on the contrary, and have influence on user's study, work and live than far object.Though the fogging method of commonly using is effective; it is misty everywhere that the user of some this method can feel; do not see Chu's object; myopia to a certain degree particularly itself has been arranged; when only adding lens A merely again; scarcely know what one has said everywhere especially; such uncertain method makes its effect very unstable, owing to there be not assisting of DBe; the scope of a lot of distances can't be by suitable conversion; what control saw in-plant imperious eyelash flesh can't be stable stablizes relaxation exercise to far object because of focusing, so that can't fully use, and; under the situation of normal acquired information, the user be easy to just can't hold with perseverance.
The DBe of overcompensation of the present invention can also produce the effect of prompting, and the user is because see that near object can feel painstakingly, and can excite him to want to use lens A to solve the problem of seeing near object, more orders about him and forms a habit.Most importantly " crystalline lens diopter variation/object distance variation--object distance " curve d (Dlns_c)/d (oA) that combination of lenses of the present invention provided also equals d (Deye_c)/d (oA), improved ciliary body and original different exercise habit, observed about this point and learnt in preceding data.
If continue to use the orthosis of commonly using, relax muscular tone by directly alleviating the number of degrees, then influence user's study, work and life at once, particularly when the ametropic low number of degrees, because the number of degrees can't provide the space that down alleviates the number of degrees more very little again, pseudo-myopia for the initial stage, there is no too big effect, also do not promote the advantage of magnification, that is the advantage that the orthosis commonly used can not provide.In addition, using the present invention, can consider needs, design | DBe| is unlikely too big, makes at any time, if can't see clearly than far object the time, as long as removal lens A just can obtain normal distance vision immediately.
In case of necessity, the present invention more can impose bifocal or zoom lens, can also use to add polymerizable lens (convex lens), strengthens the distance conversion of closer object at any time, improves apart from conversion ratio, also can take into account the ability of watching than far object.
If remove near-end lens B, long-range lens A changed into possessing simultaneously disperses and the bifocal spectacle of two kinds of lens of polymerization, then can cause the user to feel dizzy and can't normally use smoothly, diopter heal height then this problem more be serious.
If lens B design number of degrees deficiency, then influence user study, work at once and live.
In addition, the present invention can make object be exaggerated and make object identification visually improve, and observes the object details and more can not make the user want more to press close to object, produce on the nethike embrane picture object far away, be very beneficial for the remote focusing of eyeball.
More than be discussed as simple eye observation station and get the result, suppose eyes situation unanimity now, so two groups of lens of eyes adopt same design, because the nearly object distance that eyes observe respectively is far away from, if control xA, xB, DB and DA are proper, even in fact observing nearly thing,, be in the state of observing thing far away to user's vision.
For the user that can't use contact lenses, available range xB try one's best the near-end lens of eyes are implemented and support this lens combination with wear-type.
Being the characteristics with vision correction of the present invention, is to be improved as purpose, the motion of balanced eyeball involuntary muscle at the visual problems that causes myopia because of custom.Except correcting user's focusing, providing the user to recover normally to see the ability of looking is able to outside normal study, work and the instrument of living, just see clearly under the situation of the object that Chu needs, also consider to allow eye user's ciliary body and crystalline lens, operate in as far as possible and be equivalent to watch use interval at a distance.Promptly not at specific object, optionally with the object in the environment of myope, become than the far vision distance by closely extending, being extended by short distance becomes longer visible sensation distance.Relative user also must provide the environment of frequent observation object, as the foundation of design.
The present invention can be engaged in the cornea revision, as the operation of moulding or laser, before the enforcement, forms favourable custom earlier, after the cornea correction, if when eyesight again pseudo-myopia takes place because of custom, still can use the present invention.
The present invention uses the basic combination of long-range lens A and near-end lens B, and as the instrument of vision correction, long-range lens A uses polymerizable lens and near-end lens B use divergent lens.Lens A, B are not any number, long-range lens A and near-end lens B can be optionally collocation design mutually, the situation design that needs at the user is to reach the expected effect of balanced eye motion.The present invention can not be subjected to the restriction of user's myopic degree Ddis itself, designs the context conversion that they need, so that desired effects is reached in training at any time.
The design of lens B will make the normal naked diopter of looking not enough of its diopter overcompensation basically, be DB+Ddis=DBe, and DBe and DB are all negative sign, | DBe|＞=0.2D (Diopter), and approximately | DA|=|DBe|, the Deye_s that normal eye refraction degree Deye and the present invention are moulded, focusing curve to object space oA, originally just be not quite similar, approximately so-called | DA|=|DBe|, theoretical value is DA=DBe/ (xA*DBe-1), exactly because at two different curves, can only find and overlap or an approximate zone that overlaps, and the event that can't overlap fully, and it is quite big influenced by xA, therefore, sensation that also must the actual person of being used and the point that need see clearly, the design value of decision DA.If strengthen the distance conversion, then DA only need cooperate DBe and DB, do not need the upper limit, so DA＞=DBe/ (xA*DBe-1), and should suitably control the distance of lens A and lens B, unsuitable oversize in order to avoid use inconvenient, should not lack very much in order to avoid wayward conversion ratio, about xA-xB＞1cm, and be about xA-xB＞xBs*10, and (1/DA)＞xA-xB, lens B is xBs＞=0mm apart from eyes, under possible situation more better, final making " crystalline lens diopter variations/object distance changes--object distance " curve to the normal naked person's of looking ratio greater than 1 and " imaging height/object height--object distance " curve to the normal naked person's of looking ratio greater than 1.Can be about more than 4 meters by asoA, and its value is as far as possible big, whether the assessment user normal really uses the present invention, to induce change, arrived the assessment phase through after assessing, if effect is bad with the eye custom, just can determine whether to revise the design of asoA or other parameter, carry out the training of next stage again.
It is bifocal or multifocal lens that long-range lens A can not limit, also can be at close lens A place, use adds polymerizable lens (convex lens), so that strengthen at any time operating in and be equivalent to watch training at a distance as far as possible, long-range lens A is if use bifocal or multifocal lens, can keep as far as possible is the lens of polymerization equally, and can keep the diopter scope of lens A not too big, therefore is difficult for causing user's moment maladjustment.It is to support with general eye glass frame that long-range lens A can also not limit.It is various soft, rigid contact lenses that near-end lens B optionally can not limit, also can be other extremely near the lens of eyeball, mode that can also wear-type supports long-range lens A used in the present invention and near-end lens B.
The present invention can stage by stage, gradually strengthen the training opposite with old customs, and it is well-adjusted therefore more easily to reach the user.In addition long-range lens A and near-end lens B can be optionally separately at the mutual collocation design of a glance to get a desired effect, that is to say to be respectively two, optionally the independent design lens combination.
The present invention provides visual object magnification simultaneously, relatively helps training observation habit, makes the user because inducing of identification used the eye custom and change.
And the present invention seems slightly complicated, but its final purpose is to pursue all lens are all removed, with the myopia correction is example, the experiment achievement of actual use the best of the present invention is to have reduced by 100 after 2 years to spend to 150 degree, for the pseudo-myopia at initial stage then at one month after three months, reduce by 25 and spend to 50 degree, causing is the method for a simple possible.
Never see on market and the publication by method of the present invention, remove the nonoperative mode that adopts, correct user's focusing, provide the user recover the normal instrument of seeing the ability of looking outside, can also allow eye user's ciliary body and crystalline lens, operate in as far as possible and be equivalent to watch use interval at a distance, with balanced old customs, finally being reached all lens are all removed, is obvious lifting to be arranged on the effect, fully meet the important document of patent of invention.
In sum, more than for be part embodiment of the present invention, but be not to be used for limiting the present invention, therefore according to intention spirit of the present invention and feature, modifications forms a little, also should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of multi lens vision correcting device, two is basic framework at a distance of the lens combination of being made up of suitable distance before and after being to use, long-range lens are polymerizable lens, the near-end lens are divergent lens, and the near-end lens are except that normal naked the looking not enough the diopter of compensation, also has an overcompensation value, and the diopter of this overcompensation is a negative value, the absolute value of this overcompensation is about more than the 0.2D (Diopter), the diopter of long-range lens is DA＞=DBe/ (xA*DBe-1), wherein DA is long-range lens strength, unit is Diopter, and DBe is this near-end lens overcompensation value, and unit is Diopter, xA is the photocentre distance of long-range lens and eyes, and unit is meter; Near-end lens and eye distance heal better little, and the photocentre of long-range lens and near-end lens distance then is controlled at the inverse less than long-range lens strength, i.e. its focal length, and approximately greater than 1 centimeter and its greater than near-end lens and ocular surface apart from 10 times.
2, many eyeglasses myoporthosis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein this user uses the preferable average visual of observation object apart from being about more than 4 meters.
3, many eyeglasses myoporthosis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein these long-range lens are bifocal, multifocal lens.
4, many eyeglasses myoporthosis device as claimed in claim 1 wherein near the lens place far away apart from eyes, is added with polymerizable lens outward.
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| CN102171600A (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-08-31 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | Lens design simplification process |
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| US5030231A (en) * | 1988-01-05 | 1991-07-09 | Allergan, Inc. | Teledioptric lens system |
| SU1767462A1 (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1992-10-07 | Всесоюзный научный центр "Государственный оптический институт им.С.И.Вавилова" | Optical device in case and its method of assembling |
| JP4370654B2 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2009-11-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Eyeglass lenses |
| CN2598014Y (en) * | 2003-01-01 | 2004-01-07 | 周会林 | Diopter adjustable glasses |
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| CN102171600A (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-08-31 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | Lens design simplification process |
| CN102171600B (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2013-07-03 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | Lens design simplification process |
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