CN1784645A

CN1784645A - Regulator for microcomputer

Info

Publication number: CN1784645A
Application number: CNA2004800123928A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金炳禧; 朴忍子
Original assignee: Texas Instruments Korea Ltd
Current assignee: Texas Instruments Korea Ltd
Priority date: 2003-10-07
Filing date: 2004-09-21
Publication date: 2006-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2024-09-21
Also published as: TWI259947B; WO2005033918A1; TW200513834A; KR100537721B1; CN100576144C; KR20050033733A

Abstract

A regulator for a microcomputer having a low power consumption and an improved power factor is disclosed. The regulator includes a rectifying unit for rectifying a commercial AC input voltage and outputting a rectified voltage, a switching unit for intermittently switching an output voltage of the rectifying unit at predetermined intervals, a smoothing unit for smoothing an AC voltage outputted from the switching unit into a DC voltage and outputting the DC voltage to the microcomputer, and a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit for outputting a PWM signal for intermittently turning on/off the switching unit under the control of the microcomputer.

Description

The regulator that is used for microcomputer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of regulator that is used for microcomputer, especially relate to a kind of regulator that is used for the power factor with low energy consumption and raising of microcomputer.

Background technology

All systems that contain electronic equipment have a microcomputer and an independent power supply apparatus basically, and promptly regulator is operated microcomputer.

The conventional regulator that is used for microcomputer is divided into two classes: a kind of employing transformer, the another kind of capacitive division circuit that adopts.

Adopt the regulator of transformer to use transformer will be adjusted to direct current (DC) voltage of appointment, and the direct current after will regulating (DC) voltage offer microcomputer from the rated voltage of power supply unit input.Yet the shortcoming of such regulator is: its size is very big, needs huge energy consumption and very high production cost.

Thereby adopt the regulator of capacitive division circuit to obtain using widely owing to not needing the transformer circuit structure to simplify the production cost reduction.

Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of structure of the conventional regulator of the explanation employing capacitive division circuit that is used for microcomputer.

With reference to Fig. 1, the regulator 100 that is used for microcomputer comprises: the first capacitor C1, one end are connected to the input end that industry exchanges (AC) power supply; The first diode D1, its anode is connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1; The second capacitor C2, the one end is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode D1, other end ground connection; The second diode D2, its negative electrode is connected to the anode of the first diode D1; The 3rd capacitor C3, the one end is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, other end ground connection; And first resistance R 1, in parallel with the 3rd capacitor C3.

Here, microcomputer 1 is parallel on the second capacitor C2, and reception is applied to the voltage Vo at the second capacitor C2 two ends as its driving voltage.In this case, driving voltage is by the ratio decision of the electric capacity of the electric capacity of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and exchanges under (AC) power supply in the industry of 220V usually, and the power consumption of regulator 100 self surpasses 100mW.

Because regulator 100 is made up of a plurality of capacitors, its shortcoming is: the phase differential that offers between the voltage and current of microcomputer 1 becomes very big.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is devoted to a kind of regulator that is used for microcomputer, and it has got rid of the one or more problems that produce owing to the limitation of correlation technique and shortcoming fully.

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of regulator that is used for microcomputer, it offers this microcomputer power supply, and has the power factor of low energy consumption and raising.

According to purpose of the present invention, in order to realize this target and other advantages, as implementing to provide a kind of regulator that is used for microcomputer here with broadly described, comprise: rectification unit is used for the voltage after rectification industry exchanges (AC) input voltage and exports rectification; Switch element is used for predetermined time interval, and the output voltage of rectification unit is switched in the compartment of terrain; Smooth unit is used for interchange (AC) voltage of switch element output is smoothed to direct current (DC) voltage and this direct current (DC) voltage is exported to microcomputer; And width modulation (PulseWidth Modulation, be called for short PWM) signal generating unit, be used under the control of microcomputer output pwm signal with off/on switches unit, compartment of terrain.

Preferably also comprise series controller according to regulator of the present invention, be used to receive the output voltage of rectification unit and it is transformed into suitable size, output to smooth unit with the voltage after will changing, and after the process schedule time, the control signal of being sent by microcomputer does not activate it.

Smooth unit preferably includes capacitor, and the described schedule time refers to the time point of capacitor charging.

Description of drawings

Contained accompanying drawing provides further understanding of the invention and constitutes the application's a part, embodiments of the invention has been described and has been used for illustrating principle of the present invention with describing.Wherein:

Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the conventional regulator structure of the employing capacitive division circuit that is used for microcomputer is described;

Fig. 2 is the block scheme that explanation is used for the controller structure according to an embodiment of the invention of microcomputer;

Fig. 3 is the detailed circuit diagram of regulator shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 4 A and 4B are the figure of demonstration based on the result of the execution emulation of structure shown in Figure 3; And

Fig. 5 be show calculate be used for microcomputer according to regulator of the present invention and be used for the table of power factor of the conventional regulator of microcomputer.

Embodiment

To at length set forth the preferred embodiments of the present invention now, the example of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is as illustrated in the accompanying drawing.To all use same label to indicate same or similar part in the accompanying drawing as much as possible.

Fig. 2 is the block scheme that explanation is used for the controller structure according to an embodiment of the invention of microcomputer.Fig. 3 is the detailed circuit diagram of regulator shown in Figure 2.

With reference to Fig. 2, the regulator 200 that is used for microcomputer comprises: diode D, its anode are connected to the input end that industry exchanges (AC) power supply; Switch element 10, the one end is connected to the negative electrode of diode D; PWM controller 14 is connected to the other end of switch element 10, for switch element 10 provides pwm signal; Series controller 12 is connected to the negative electrode of diode D, provides driving power for microcomputer 16 when the regulator initial operation; And capacitor C, the one end is connected to switch element 10 and series controller 12, other end ground connection publicly.Here, the voltage that is connected to the node (to call " output node " in the following text) of switch element 10, series controller 12 and capacitor C is provided for microcomputer 16 as its driving voltage publicly.

Diode D exchanges interchange (AC) the voltage half-wave rectification that (AC) power supply is imported to industry, and the voltage after the rectification is offered switch element 10 and series controller 12.

Series controller 12 receives the voltage after the half-wave rectification and driving voltage is offered microcomputer 16 from diode D.After the process schedule time, the specific control signal that microcomputer 16 sends makes series controller 12 not activate.

With reference to Fig. 3, series controller 12 comprises: first and second resistance R 1 and the R2 are connected to the negative electrode of diode D publicly; The first bipolar transistor Q1, its collector is connected to the other end of first resistance R 1, and its emitter is connected to the other end that output node and its base stage are connected to second resistance R 2; The 3rd resistance R 3, the one end is connected to the base stage of the first bipolar transistor Q1; The second bipolar transistor Q2, its collector is connected to the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3, grounded emitter; And the 4th resistance R 4, the one end is connected to the base stage of bipolar transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to an output terminal of microcomputer.

Here, the output voltage of series controller 12 offers microcomputer 16 as driving voltage by output node 17.Equally, the control signal that does not activate that microcomputer 16 sends is input to the base stage of the second bipolar transistor Q2 by the 4th resistance R 4, to close the operation of series controller 12.

Referring again to Fig. 2, capacitor C carries out smoothly (AC) voltage signal that exchanges that switch element 10 and series controller 12 are provided, and the voltage after level and smooth is offered microcomputer 16.

During regulator 200 initial operations, the driving power that microcomputer 16 receives from series controller 12, but after the process schedule time, microcomputer 16 receives driving powers from switch element 10 after making that series controller does not activate.Here, the schedule time preferably refers to the power supply time point that charging finishes to capacitor C from series controller 12.

PWM controller 14 is by microcomputer 16 controls, and output pwm signal is to be used for off/on switches unit, compartment of terrain 10.

Switch element 10 is opening/closing in response to the pwm signal of PWM controller 14 input, switch voltage after the half-wave rectification of diode D output with the compartment of terrain, and the voltage after will switching is exported to capacitor C.

With reference to Fig. 3, switch element 10 comprises: MOS transistor M, and its drain electrode is connected to the negative electrode of diode D, and its grid is connected to the output terminal of PWM controller 14; The 5th resistance R 5, the one end is connected to the source electrode of MOS transistor M, and the other end is connected to capacitor C; And the 6th resistance R 6, the one end is connected to the grid of MOS transistor M, other end ground connection.

Here, MOS transistor M from the variation of the range value of the pwm signal of its grid input and opening/closing, switch to voltage after the half-wave rectification of its drain electrode output with the compartment of terrain, and the voltage after will switching outputs to its source electrode by response.This output voltage drops to predetermined value by the 5th resistance R 5, is exported to capacitor then.

The operation that now explanation is had the regulator that is used for microcomputer of said structure.

During the regulator initial operation, the driving voltage of exporting from series controller 12 is provided for microcomputer 16.This is that driving voltage is not provided for microcomputer because during the regulator initial operation, so the PWM controller 14 and the switch element 10 of operation can not normally be operated under microcomputer 16 controls.

When series controller 12 provided driving voltage, capacitor C was recharged, if this charging operations is finished, microcomputer 16 makes series controller 12 not activate.This is because series controller comprises a plurality of resistance, thereby has high energy consumption, poor efficiency.

Thereafter, the driving voltage from switch element 10 outputs is provided for microcomputer 16.

Fig. 4 A and 4B are the figure of demonstration based on the result of the execution emulation of structure shown in Figure 3.

In process of simulation, establish R1=1M Ω, R2=50M Ω, R3=1K Ω, R4=100K Ω, R5=9.5K Ω, R6=500K Ω, C=5 μ F, AC is 340V, 60Hz.

Fig. 4 A has shown the waveform of the pwm signal of PWM controller 14 outputs.With reference to Fig. 4 A, this pwm signal is that an amplitude is 6V, and the cycle is approximately the square-wave pulse of 0.017s.This pwm signal has shown the reference waveform in t 〉=0.3s zone.

Fig. 4 B has shown the waveform of the output voltage V o that measures at output node 17.With reference to Fig. 4 B, in the inside, zone of 0s≤t≤0.3s, output voltage V o increases gradually, and has formed little fluctuation, and in the inside, zone of t 〉=0.3s, it shows stable value, and forms little fluctuation near 2.5V.

Here, the output voltage V o in area 0 s≤t≤0.3s is from series controller 12 outputs, and the output voltage V o in regional t 〉=0.3s is from switch element 10 outputs.

Especially, series controller 12 does not activate when t=0.3s, and the voltage from switch element 10 outputs offers microcomputer 16 then.

The power factor that is used for the conventional regulator of microcomputer is calculated based on circuit shown in Figure 1, for your guidance, establishes C1=0.025 μ F, C2=5 μ F, and C3=5 μ F, R1=25K Ω, AC are 340V, 60Hz.

With reference to Fig. 5, as the result of measurements and calculations, the applied power of conventional regulator (apparent power), average power and power factor are respectively 54mV, 0.6mV and 0.01, and be respectively 36mV according to those parameters of regulator of the present invention, 23mV and 0.639.

Industrial usability

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, compare with correlation technique, described apparent energy reduces And power factor is greatly improved. This is because offer driving of microcomputer 16 The voltage and current of kinetic power in fact has identical phase place.

Equally, because the voltage of importing from industry interchange (AC) power supply is by the switch element interval Provide, and the voltage and current that offers microcomputer in fact has an identical phase The position, so power factor is greatly improved and Energy Intensity Reduction.

Aforesaid embodiment is exemplary, and it is of the present invention to be understood as restriction. We Method can be applied on the equipment of other types easily. Description of the invention is illustrative , do not limit the scope of the claims. Many replacements, modifications and variations are for this area skill Art personnel are very obvious.

Claims

1, a kind of regulator that is used for microcomputer comprises:

Rectification unit is used for rectification industry and exchanges (AC) input voltage, and the voltage after the output rectification;

Switch element is used for predetermined time interval, and the output voltage of described rectification unit is switched in the compartment of terrain;

Smooth unit is used for interchange (AC) voltage from described switch element output smoothly is direct current (DC) voltage, and this direct current (DC) voltage is exported to described microcomputer; And

Width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit is used for output pwm signal under the control of described microcomputer, with the described switch element of compartment of terrain opening/closing.

2, regulator according to claim 1, also comprise series controller, be used to receive the output voltage of described rectification unit and it is transformed into suitable size, with the voltage after exporting this conversion to described smooth unit, and after the process schedule time, the control signal that is sent by described microcomputer does not activate it.

3, regulator according to claim 1, wherein said switch element comprises MOS transistor.

4, regulator according to claim 2, wherein said smooth unit comprises capacitor, and the described schedule time refers to the time point of described capacitor charging.