CN1782369A - Pitch drive system for a wind turbine - Google Patents

Pitch drive system for a wind turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1782369A
CN1782369A CNA2005101199850A CN200510119985A CN1782369A CN 1782369 A CN1782369 A CN 1782369A CN A2005101199850 A CNA2005101199850 A CN A2005101199850A CN 200510119985 A CN200510119985 A CN 200510119985A CN 1782369 A CN1782369 A CN 1782369A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drive unit
gear
driving device
wind turbine
emergency driving
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Granted
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CNA2005101199850A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100549411C (en
Inventor
P·罗加尔
P·阿亨贝克
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication of CN100549411C publication Critical patent/CN100549411C/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
    • F05B2270/602—Control system actuates through electrical actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
    • F05B2270/604—Control system actuates through hydraulic actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
    • F05B2270/606—Control system actuates through mechanical actuators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A pitch drive system for a wind turbine is provided which comprises a regulation drive (1) for regulating the pitch of a rotor blade of said wind turbine during normal operation, said regulation drive comprising at least one drive train (3, 4, 5), and an emergency drive (2) for pitching the rotor blade in case of emergency, said emergency drive comprising at least one drive train(8, 9, 10), wherein the at least one drive train (8, 9, 10) of the emergency drive (2) is separate from the at least one drive train (3, 4, 5) of the regulation drive (1).

Description

The pitch drive system that is used for wind turbine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pitch drive system that is used for wind turbine, be particularly related to a kind of like this pitch drive system, it comprises and is used for adjusting the adjustment drive unit at rotor blade inclination angle of described wind turbine and the emergency driving device that under emergency rotor blade is verted in course of normal operation.The invention still further relates to and have the wind turbine that comprises the pitch drive system of adjusting drive unit and emergency driving device.
Background technique
Usually, modern wind turbine has the rotor blade at adjustable tilt angle.By placing inclination angle (pitch) drive unit on the rotor hub, rotor blade can be around their longitudinal axis rotation.Usually, the inclination angle drive unit is by electric power or hydraulic actuating.By adjusting the tilt angle of rotor blade, can control the generating of wind turbine, also can realize the aerobraking of rotor.Particularly, when moving to feathering (feather) position, rotor blade can produce braking torque.Thereby, rotor blade guarantee that rotor can further not quickened and, therefore, rotor blade forms aerobraking to wind turbine.
The aerobraking effect of rotor blade also is used for brake rotors under emergency, for example when drive system taking place lost efficacy or wind turbine when being in uncontrolled state.So even when for example owing to lightning wind turbine being damaged or being in uncontrolled state, emergency system can cocksure work be very important also.Especially, even be under the situation of outage, the inclination angle drive unit is also wanted and can be played a role.
The DE19720025 suggestion adopts unnecessary machinery to substitute system.Wherein, the inclination angle drive unit is activated by the energy that is stored in the spring, and this spring is connected on the rotor blade by adjusting the identical Transmitted chains of drive unit with electric power.Like this, the structure of Transmitted chains becomes very complicated.
As another solution of emergency power problem, for example E.Hau is at Springer-Verlag, and suggestion provides uninterrupted power supply (ups) Unity to the inclination angle drive unit among the chapters and sections 8.4.6 of 2000,236 and 237 pages " wind turbine (Windturbines) ".But this scheme is damaged at the electronic instrument of wind turbine, for example owing to may lose efficacy under the situation that lightning causes.
Another problem that the pitch drive system of above-mentioned prior art exists is that the inefficacy of power-driven system can cause the shutdown of wind turbine, yield loss can occur like this.
In DE10116011, propose pitch drive system and comprise more than a Transmitted chains, be used for each rotor blade.But each Transmitted chains comprises the motor with the reserve battery that is used to meet an urgent need.So the pitch drive system among the DE10116011 damages at the electronic equipment of wind turbine, for example owing to still tend under the situation that lightning causes lose efficacy.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pitch drive system that can overcome the problems referred to above that prior art exists in having at least in part.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine with improved pitch drive system.
Above-mentioned purpose is by according to the pitch drive system of claim 1, according to the adjustment drive unit of claim 11 with realize according to the wind turbine of claim 15.Others of the present invention, advantage and characteristic are conspicuous according to dependent claims, specification and accompanying drawing.
Hereinafter, term " accessory drive " and " adjustment drive unit " can exchange use.Equally, term " emergency driving device " and " auxiliary drive " also can exchange use.
According to a first aspect of the invention; a kind of pitch drive system that is used for wind turbine is provided, and it has the accessory drive that is used for the inclination angle of the rotor blade of the described wind turbine of control under normal operative condition and is used to vert the auxiliary drive of rotor blade to realize meeting an urgent need and shutting down.Each includes drive part accessory drive and auxiliary drive, and these drive parts are separated from one another.
Adjust drive unit and emergency driving device Transmitted chains separate the complexity that has reduced single Transmitted chains assembly.In addition, pitch drive system can design with modular mode, so not only can help the assembling of system, can also improve the Security and the reliability of operation.Especially, eliminated because the risk that the emergency driving device that the gear-box inefficacy of adjustment drive unit is caused can not be operated.The coastal waters that this reliability aspect is high for maintenance cost, complexity and maintenance time are very long is at interval used (off-shoreapplication) particularly important.
According to another embodiment of the invention, emergency driving device comprises an other at least Transmitted chains.
Therefore, provide the other allowance of emergency driving device, made the operating security of pitch drive system and reliability obtain further raising.Particularly, owing to improved allowance, therefore emergency driving device is divided into two or more independently Transmitted chainss and has reduced the risk that emergency driving device lost efficacy.Another advantage of this embodiment is to set up the modular construction of emergency driving device.For example, provide the emergency driving device module of predetermined torque to be produced independently, and irrelevant with wind turbine inclination angle drive unit.When forming the emergency driving device of required size, these modules of enough numbers are assembled to provide the total torque that needs to be used for the rotor blade feathering.In addition, can will assemble so that allowance to be provided more than emergency driving device module that must number, like this, even under the situation that one or more emergency device modules lost efficacy, also can provide enough moments of torsion.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide the accessory drive that is used for pitch drive system, it comprises and being used for and the small gear of gear engagement, the gear-box that is connected to this small gear and at least two motors that are connected to the said gear case.
Because another motor still can be operated the adjustment drive unit, therefore the adjustment drive unit according to this aspect can prevent system-down when one of them power failure.Thereby this wind turbine can keep operation and productivity can not reduce.In addition, be used to adjust the allowance demand of drive unit and high unlike emergency driving device.Therefore.For adjusting drive unit, the little risk that the gear-box inefficacy takes place is an acceptable.Prior aspect about the adjustment drive unit is that motor is connected on the same gear-box, has therefore saved the space.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with reference to accompanying drawing, the other parts of specification have more specifically been described the complete disclosure of the present invention that comprises most preferred embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows pitch drive system according to a first aspect of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows pitch drive system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows adjustment drive unit according to a second aspect of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows emergency driving device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows pitch drive system according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows pitch drive system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows pitch drive system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 shows pitch drive system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 shows pitch drive system according to another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 shows pitch drive system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 shows pitch drive system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Various embodiment of the present invention will do detailed explanation, has described one or more examples of these embodiments in the accompanying drawing.It all is to be used for explanation of the invention that each example is provided, and does not mean that limitation of the invention.For example, the feature that illustrates or describe as an embodiment's a part can be used for or in conjunction with other embodiment to form another embodiment.This means and the present invention includes these modifications and variations.
Fig. 1 shows the one embodiment of the present of invention according to first aspect present invention.Wherein, this pitch drive system comprises adjustment drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2.This adjustment drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2 comprise independently Transmitted chains.Thereby, share the situation of a Transmitted chains with respect to adjusting drive unit and emergency driving device, the complexity of separate transmission chain component 1,2 has reduced.
Adjust drive unit 1 and comprise actuator 3, gear-box 4 and small gear 5.Actuator 3 connects together with gear-box 4, and the engagement of the internal tooth of small gear 5 and internal gear 6.Actuator 3 is connected to power supply and control unit (not shown) by servoamplifier 7.Usually, actuator 3 is motor, for example, and direct current motor or threephase asynchronous.In addition, actuator 3 can comprise hydraulic element.
Emergency driving device 2 comprises actuator 8, gear-box 9 and small gear 10.Actuator 8 connects together with gear-box 9, and the engagement of the internal tooth of small gear 10 and internal gear 6.Usually, actuator 8 is mechanical energy storage devices, for example, and the spring storage device.In addition, actuator 8 can also comprise the hydraulic pressure storage device.
In proper functioning, control the inclination angle of the rotor blade that is connected with gear 6 by adjusting drive unit 1.For this reason, control signal is provided and provides power to servoamplifier 7 to motor 3.The Engine torque of motor 3 is provided to gear 6 by gear-box 4 and small gear 5.Thereby rotor blade is around its longitudinal axis rotation.
When the electric part of emergency generation and pitch drive system lost efficacy, the mechanical energy that is stored in the actuator 8 was released, and by gear-box 9 and small gear 10 moment of torsion is provided to gear 6.Thereby rotor blade rotates to feather position around its longitudinal axis and wind turbine is braked.Usually, the mechanical energy of for example describing in International Patent Application PCT/EP2004/008444 is stored in the spring storage device, is introduced into for your guidance here.In addition, also can use hydraulic element that the form of mechanical energy with hydraulic pressure stored.
An alternative embodiment of the invention describes with reference to accompanying drawing 2.Wherein, pitch drive system comprises adjustment drive unit 1 identical to those shown in Fig. 1 and emergency driving device 2.But the small gear 5 and 10 of adjusting drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2 meshes with the external tooth of gear 6.
Next, with reference to Fig. 3 a second aspect of the present invention is described.Wherein, show the adjustment drive unit.Different with the adjustment drive unit among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is that this embodiment's adjustment drive unit comprises first and second actuators 3 ', 3 that are connected to same gear-box 4 ".According to the adjustment drive unit of present embodiment, when having only one of them actuator failure,, therefore can prevent system-down because another actuator still can be operated the adjustment drive unit.Thereby although inclination angle speed may reduce, this wind turbine can work on and output can not reduce.Usually, actuator 3 ', 3 " be motor, for example, direct current motor or threephase asynchronous.In addition, each actuator 3 ', 3 " all can comprise hydraulic element.Each actuator 3 ', 3 " all pass through servoamplifier 7 ', 7 separately " be connected to power supply and control unit.
Fig. 4 shows emergency driving device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, first actuator 8 ' and second actuator 8 " all be connected to same gear-box 9.Thereby, under emergency, can provide the twice moment of torsion.In addition, thus the allowance of emergency driving device increases and to make emergency driving device more can not lose efficacy.
Fig. 5 shows according to embodiment among of the present invention and Fig. 1 has another embodiment of analog structure.But, adjust drive unit 1 in this embodiment and constitute according to embodiment shown in Fig. 3, that is to say that it comprises two motors 3 ', 3 that are connected to same gear-box 4 ".Similarly, emergency driving device 2 is to constitute according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, that is to say that it comprises two mechanical energy storage devices 8 ', 8 that are connected to identical gear-box 9 ".Adjust the internal tooth engagement of small gear 5,10 with the internal gear 6 of drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2.
Illustrated among Fig. 6 one with Fig. 5 shown in the similar alternative embodiment of embodiment.Its principle design of adjusting drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2 is identical with the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.But small gear 5,10 meshes with the external tooth of gear 6.
Because embodiment's allowance increases shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the risk of therefore adjusting drive unit 1 or emergency driving device 2 inefficacies all can reduce significantly.
Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention.Wherein, adjusting drive unit 1 is to constitute according to the embodiment among Fig. 3, that is to say that it comprises two motors 3 ', 3 that are connected to same gear-box 4 ".But emergency driving device 2 comprises two independently Transmitted chainss, and each bar in them all has mechanical energy storage device 8,108, gear-box 9,109 and small gear 10,110.Adjust the internal tooth engagement of small gear 5,10,110 with the internal gear 6 of drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2.
Illustrated among Fig. 8 one with Fig. 7 in embodiment similar alternative embodiment.Its principle design of adjusting drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2 is identical with the embodiment shown in Fig. 7.But, small gear 5,10,110 with the engagement of the external tooth of gear 6.
Compare with embodiment shown in Figure 6 with Fig. 5, the embodiment among Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 has provided the allowances that emergency driving device 2 further improves.Particularly, owing to two gear-boxes 9,109 can not lose efficacy simultaneously very much, so the badly damaged also reduction significantly that caused because gear-box 9,109 lost efficacy.In addition, be favourable according to the layout of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, because can use prefabricated emergency driving device module with predetermined work moment of torsion.Thereby Module Design can be independent of the actual design of inclination angle drive unit.When assembling inclination angle drive unit, can use enough numbers the emergency driving device module so that their total torque be enough to rotor blade is tilted to feather position.This has considered modular design, and therefore, the manufacture cost that has reduced pitch drive system has also strengthened the functional reliability of system simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 9, the identical modular design theory of employing on the drive unit 1 can adjusted.Wherein, adjust drive unit 1 and comprise two independently Transmitted chainss, every comprises two actuators 3 ', 3 ", 103 ', 103 ", gear-box 4,104 and small gear 5,105.Thereby, adjusting the same advantage that can realize on the drive unit 1 as the above-mentioned modular design of describing with reference to figure 7 and Fig. 8.
The combination of embodiment among Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 has been shown among Figure 10 at last.Wherein, adjust drive unit 1 and emergency driving device 2 and all comprise two independently Transmitted chainss, like this, this design provides maximum modularity and allowance.
Specific embodiments of the invention corresponding to embodiment among Fig. 7 have been shown among Figure 11.Wherein, adjust drive unit and comprise two alternating current servomotors 3 ', 3 that are connected to gear-box 4 " with three planetary stages.The velocity ratio that gear-box provides is 206.The output shaft of gear-box 4 is connected to small gear 5, and small gear 5 meshes with the internal tooth of internal gear 6.Internal gear 6 is parts of rotor blade bearings.Velocity ratio between small gear 5 and the gear 6 is 14.32.Emergency driving device comprises two independently Transmitted chainss, wherein every includes the spring storage device 8 that encloses up to 8,108, have gear-box 9,109 that a velocity ratio is 5.2 planetary stage and and internal tooth between velocity ratio also be 14.32 small gear 10,110.
Be to be understood that pitch drive system according to the embodiment of above-mentioned arbitrary description can place rotor hub inner or be positioned at the outside of rotor hub at least in part.In addition, be to be understood that the Transmitted chains that in adjusting drive unit and emergency driving device, also can provide more than two.Equally, each emergent Transmitted chains can comprise above one or two mechanical energy storage device.In addition, every kind of the foregoing description combination all within the scope of the present invention.Especially, in each of these combinations, small gear both can mesh with internal tooth, also can mesh with external tooth.
In addition, according to a further aspect in the invention, provide the wind turbine that has according to above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment's pitch drive system.Thereby, the wind turbine that has the reliability height, is easy to safeguard and be easy to assemble pitch drive system is provided.Such wind turbine has superiority in use in the coastal waters especially.
So the present invention is described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, it all is conspicuous making various modifications under the prerequisite of the spirit and scope that do not deviate from claims.

Claims (15)

1, be used for the pitch drive system of wind turbine, comprise:
Adjust drive unit (1), be used for adjusting the inclination angle of the rotor blade of described wind turbine in normal work period, described adjustment drive unit comprise at least one Transmitted chains (3,4,5) and
Emergency driving device (2) is used under emergency rotor blade being verted, and described emergency driving device comprises at least one Transmitted chains (8,9,10),
Wherein, at least one Transmitted chains of emergency driving device (2) (8,9,10) is separate with at least one Transmitted chains (3,4,5) of adjusting drive unit (1).
2, according to the system of claim 1, wherein, emergency driving device (2) comprises an other at least Transmitted chains (108,109,110).
3, according to the system of claim 1 or 2, wherein,
Every of Transmitted chains adjusting drive unit and emergency driving device includes at least one actuator (3,8), at least one gear-box (4,9) and small gear (5,10).
4, according to the system of claim 3, wherein, the actuator (3) of adjusting drive unit (1) comprises at least one motor.
5, according to the system of claim 3 or 4, wherein, the actuator (8) of emergency driving device (2) comprises at least one mechanical energy storage component.
6, according to the system of claim 5, wherein, the mechanical energy storage component is spring storage component or hydraulic pressure storage component.
7, according to each system in the claim 3 to 6, wherein, the internal tooth engagement of small gear (5,10) and internal gear (6).
8, according to each system in the claim 3 to 6, wherein, the external tooth engagement of small gear (5,10) and gear (6).
9, according to the system of claim 7 or 8, wherein, this pitch drive system is placed in the wheel hub inside of wind turbine.
10, according to the system of claim 7 or 8, wherein, this pitch drive system is placed in the wheel hub outside of wind turbine at least in part.
11, a kind of adjustment drive unit that is used for pitch drive system comprises:
The small gear (5) that is used for engaging gear (6),
Be connected to small gear (5) gear-box (4) and
At least two motors that are connected to described gear-box (4) (3 ', 3 ").
12, according to the adjustment drive unit of claim 11, wherein, above-mentioned at least two motors (3 ', 3 ") be motor.
13, according to each pitch drive system in the claim 1 to 10, also comprise at least one adjustment drive unit according to claim 11 or 12.
14,, comprise that also another one is according to the adjustment drive unit of claim 11 or 12 at least according to the pitch drive system of claim 13.
15, a kind of wind turbine, comprise a kind of according in claim 1 to 10 or 14 each the inclination angle drive unit and/or according to the adjustment drive unit of claim 11 or 12.
CNB2005101199850A 2004-10-14 2005-10-14 The pitch drive system that is used for wind turbine Expired - Fee Related CN100549411C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04024520A EP1647708A1 (en) 2004-10-14 2004-10-14 Pitch drive system for a wind turbine
EP04024520.1 2004-10-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1782369A true CN1782369A (en) 2006-06-07
CN100549411C CN100549411C (en) 2009-10-14

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US8303256B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2012-11-06 Industrial Technology Research Institute Blade pitch driving apparatus for wind driven generator
CN101892955A (en) * 2009-03-19 2010-11-24 通用电气公司 The method and system of repair pitch control components
CN101892955B (en) * 2009-03-19 2016-03-30 通用电气公司 The method and system of repair pitch control components
CN105765217A (en) * 2013-10-18 2016-07-13 米塔科技有限公司 System for pitch control
CN105765217B (en) * 2013-10-18 2018-06-08 米塔科技有限公司 Pitch control system
CN106194594A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-12-07 上海电力学院 A kind of sustainable work and the low offshore wind farm speeder of maintenance cost
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US7513742B2 (en) 2009-04-07

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