CN1777525A

CN1777525A - Vehicke and trailer with movable platforms

Info

Publication number: CN1777525A
Application number: CN 200480009925
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彼得·迪布丁; 保利娜·道斯
Original assignee: Middlegate Marketing Ltd
Current assignee: Middlegate Marketing Ltd
Priority date: 2003-02-15
Filing date: 2004-02-16
Publication date: 2006-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2024-02-16
Also published as: GB0303502D0; GB2398278A; CN100506604C; GB2398278B

Abstract

A trailer is described, defining a floor extending from a first end, and comprising at least one first displaceable platform onto which goods can be loaded from the first end of the trailer. The first platform is supported such that it can be elevated when loaded and advanced away from the first end of the trailer when loaded. The first platform is preferably rolled forwards onto support tracks provided on the sidewalls of the trailer. The trailer may also include a load-carrying well with its own moveable cargo platform or platforms, and the first platform is loaded and moved up and over the well, thereby increasing the capacity of the trailer. Corresponding cargo-carrying vehicles, and loading methods are described and claimed.

Description

Be combined with the vehicle and the trailer of movable loading platform

Technical field

The present invention relates to trailer and vehicle, be specifically related to be combined with the trailer and the vehicle of carrying goods well (load-carrying well), but be not limited only to this.

Background technology

But conventional trailer provides an enclosure space, and goods can be packed into and wherein is used for transportation.This trailer is provided with a rectangular frame and a plurality of solid panel that is connected to this rectangular frame usually.This trailer is installed on the chassis that comprises suitable running gear, is used for traction in order to allow that trailer is connected to a tractor unit.

For the load-carrying capacity that makes known trailer reaches maximum, known method is the bottom that reduces trailer between the rear axle of trailer and the preceding hook, so that form a goods well.This modification allows usually extra goods is laminated to each other and is deposited in the trailer.

A kind of trailer with this goods well is disclosed in US5092721.In the trailer of US5092721, be provided with the upper and lower cargo carrying face that rigidly fixes together.A hydraulic hoist is arranged on and is used in the goods well raising and reducing upper and lower cargo carrying face.Instantly the cargo carrying face is positioned at primary importance so that the floor of it and trailer when contour, with cargo loading to goods carrying surface down.Use hydraulic hoist that upper and lower cargo carrying face is reduced then, so that the goods carrying surface is positioned at the goods bottom down.Will be transported to cargo loading on the goods carrying surface then to elevator, elevator raises for contour with last goods carrying surface, so goods can be transferred on the goods carrying surface from elevator.Trailer among the US5092721 has defective, and this is because there is not gratifying method that goods is transferred on the goods carrying surface from elevator.For example, in some countries, the health and safety rules forbid that probably the people climbs to the manual goods that shifts on the elevator.In addition, the manual goods that shifts is time-consuming probably and require great effort.

International Patent Application PCT/GB01/00279, open source literature WO01/62542 (Insulated Structures Ltd etc.) have described the various devices that are used to load trailer.But, the various devices of describing in these documents only are suitable for using the fork truck loading container, and be not suitable for carrying roll cage (roll cage) through being usually used in trailer, transporting goods, also be not suitable for using manual plate pusher loading container.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate or alleviate at least one above-mentioned defective.

A purpose of certain embodiments of the invention provides some devices, makes to make trailer and other vehicle that is combined with the goods well part that can hold the standard size capacity weight.

Summary of the invention

According to the present invention, it provides a kind of trailer, this trailer forms a floor of extending from first end, and comprise at least one first moveable platform, goods can be loaded into this above platform from first end of trailer, this platform is supported by this way, and promptly it can raise and it can advance and leaves first end of trailer after loading after loading.

This trailer can form a goods well, and can comprise at least one second moveable platform, this platform can be in the goods well above first the position move to second lower position.First platform can raise and advance forward and make the flat-bed at least a portion of winning be located immediately at the aboveground side of goods.

Described first moveable platform can be bearing in another vertically on the mobile platform, described another above vertically mobile platform has moved to after the position, described first moveable platform can move away first end of trailer.

The vertical motion of (respectively) moveable platform can be realized by hydraulic actuating cylinder or lifting screw.But, in preferred configuration, use pneumatic scissor lift arrangement to promote support platform and (respectively) goods platform shaft.This provides a kind of very structure of small size that is folded to.

Trailer preferably includes and is installed in its sidewall or the supporting member on the sidewall, to hold at its rising progressive position and to support carrying platform.These supporting members are preferably the form of horizontal rail.Carrying platform preferably is provided with roller along its lateral edges, these roller engage rail when platform drives forwards.So platform can remain on level attitude, and drive forwards so that be rolled on the sidewall supports.When advancing fully, hill holder can work, and support platform can reduce so that it and carrying platform are disengaged.

First moveable platform can only advance forward from one or more predetermined vertical positions.Should can determine by the track that is arranged in the trailer walls or on the wall by predetermined vertical position.Usually, these tracks can be fixedly located in this predetermined vertical position, and first moveable platform can advance on the track forward.

The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used to load trailer (or vehicle), comprises first end from trailer with above first moveable platform of cargo loading in trailer, and raises and move forward first moveable platform of the described goods of carrying.

Goods can be loaded into above second moveable platform, and second moveable platform can be reduced in the goods well of trailer.

(respectively) goods platform shaft can support the sponson that is accommodated in the upright guide rail that is installed on the goods borehole wall.This guide rail is guaranteed platform suitable location in the goods well.In addition, can generator in order to stop the upper end of guide rail move down from raised position so that prevent platform so that after platform is elevated to raised position, can stop guide rail.Therefore, it provides a kind of physical construction of safety in essence, and this structure will protect platform can unexpectedly not descend under the situation of for example hydraulic failure.

The present invention also provides a kind of vehicle, comprise the first that forms a preceding floor of carrying, the rear portion on floor after forming one, one be positioned at before, goods well partial sum between the trailing portion is used for capacity weight is reduced the device of arrival well part, one of them support platform can vertically move at raised position with between dipping above the floor, back, and carrying platform of this support platform supporting, this carrying platform can be at the aboveground side's parallel motion of goods when this support platform is positioned at raised position, and this carrying platform can be above this support platform moves to the supporting member that is installed on the vehicle side wall.

Therefore the invention provides a kind of simple and crash-resistant device, this device makes capacity weight to promote and moves above goods well part.This realizes by using the low-profile supports in the sidewall, has avoided vehicle to be used to hold significantly the reducing of inner width of capacity weight.

Roller can place between described support platform and the described carrying platform and between sidewall supports and the carrying platform.For example, carrying platform can be along its longitudinal edge supporting roller, and these rollers turn round on the track that the longitudinal edge along support platform extends.Sidewall supports can comprise roller, and the formation thing on the carrying platform longitudinal edge rolls in the above.The side wall supports roller can be installed in above the plate that forms goods well part madial wall.

Described support platform can have a CD-ROM drive motor and be used for moving described carrying platform the aboveground side of goods.This CD-ROM drive motor can drive the roller of rotation on transverse to the axle of vehicle, this roller Extension support flat-bed upper surface, and engage so that the rotation of roller drives carrying platform with respect to support platform with surface friction that carrying platform forms.As selection, CD-ROM drive motor can drive be set to carrying platform on the tooth bar gears in mesh that provides.

The present invention also provides a kind of vehicle that is used to convey goods, has a floor of extending from first end, and comprise at least one first moveable platform, goods can be loaded into from first end of vehicle on this platform, and this platform is supported so that it can raise and advance after loading and leave first end of vehicle after loading.Also can be with corresponding advantage to be applied in the vehicle according to the invention according to the preferred features of trailer of the present invention.

Description of drawings

By example embodiments of the invention are described referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the longitdinal cross-section diagram according to a kind of trailer of the present invention;

Fig. 2 a to 2h for example understands the trailer with on the trailer of cargo loading in Fig. 1 the time;

Fig. 3 a and 3b are the longitdinal cross-section diagrams of trailer among Fig. 1 and 2, have shown the hydraulic lift that is used at the trailer mobile platform of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 a and 4b show another longitdinal cross-section diagram be used at the hydraulic lift of the trailer mobile platform of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 a and 5b are the longitdinal cross-section diagrams according to another kind of trailer of the present invention;

Fig. 6 A to 6F for example understands standard Europe container loading to another kind of trailer according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 A to 7F is for example clear to be loaded into roll cage according on a kind of trailer of the present invention;

Fig. 8 A to 8F for example understands standard Britain container loading to another kind of trailer according to the present invention;

Fig. 9 A and 9B for example understand a kind of partly device of plate height of trailer that is used for regulating in one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 to 19 is for example clear can be used for according to the rolling of a kind of trailer of the present invention and the details of vertical movable decking;

Figure 20 is from a kind of wall type attachment rail of one embodiment of the invention and the diagram of platform roller means;

Figure 21 is from a kind of wall type attachment rail of another embodiment and the diagram of platform roller means;

Figure 22 is the diagram of vertical movable decking, horizontal anomalous movement platform and the horizontal drive apparatus of one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 23 is from the horizontal anomalous movement flat-bed bottom surface of another embodiment and the diagram of horizontal drive apparatus thereof;

Figure 24 is from the another kind of horizontal anomalous movement flat-bed bottom surface of an embodiment and the diagram of horizontal drive apparatus thereof;

Figure 25 to 30 for example understands cargo loading to a kind of trailer according to the present invention;

Figure 31 is the lateral plan when being positioned at the " loaded " position of initial reduction according to the rear platform of a kind of trailer of the present invention and lifting mechanism;

Figure 32 is the lateral plan of assembly among Figure 31, but is positioned at raised position;

Figure 33 is the back view of assembly of having raise among Figure 32;

Figure 34 is the back view that has reduced assembly among Figure 31;

Figure 35 and 36 is the diagrams that are suitable in the embodiments of the invention vertical movable decking being bearing in a kind of stop motion mechnism of raised position;

Figure 37 is the schematic longitdinal cross-section diagram according to an a kind of vehicle part of the present invention;

Figure 38 is the schematic cross-section of the A-A along the line of vehicle shown in Figure 37;

Figure 39 is the schematic rear view that is used for according to the vertical lifting flat-bed lifting mechanism of a kind of trailer of the present invention;

Figure 40 is the schematic side elevation of lifting mechanism among Figure 39; With

Figure 41 is the schematic plan of lifting mechanism in Figure 39 and 40.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 has shown a kind of trailer 1, and this trailer has three rear axle bogie wheels 2 and a front hook 3 (also can be called center pin, and be accommodated in usually in the 5th wheel of tractor unit).Can see that the centre portion of trailer floor between wheel 2 and front hook 3 is lower than forward and backward ground plate portion, so as permission with other portage in the following trailer bottom of being called goods well 4.In this example, can see that the goods well is provided with three vertical

movable deckings

5,6 and 7 that can raise and reduce by the effect of hydraulic actuating cylinder 8.In other embodiments, the goods well can be provided with the platform of varying number, and goods well-flat-bed promotes and can realize by other device.For example, will illustrate below that this goods well can have a platform that is promoted by the scissors-type jack device of suitable driving in certain embodiments.

In this first embodiment, the rear portion of trailer 1 is provided with two platforms, and they are vertical movable decking 9 and longitudinally-moving platform 10.In the use, vertically movable decking 9 is lifted such that longitudinally-moving platform 10 can move forward in the track 11 that is formed at the trailer either side with proper height, as the following reference explanation that accompanying drawing carried out subsequently.

With reference to figure 2a, can see that freight container 12 has been loaded in the foremost part of trailer 1.This loading can be finished by using fork truck or manual plate pusher.Under any situation, goods enters trailer by a back door 13, and moves to cross and be positioned to the longitudinally-moving platform 10 contour with the back floor 14 of trailer.Then, goods moves the foremost part of

crossing contour platform

5,6, the 7 arrival trailer floors of initial and longitudinally-moving platform 10.

With reference to figure 2b, can see that freight container 15 is loaded onto on the vertical

movable decking

5,6,7 subsequently.This loading can be finished as the explanation of being carried out with reference to figure 2a.After freight container loaded, vertically

movable decking

5,6,7 effects by hydraulic actuating cylinder 8 moved down and make

platform

5,6,7 be positioned on the floor of goods well 4 of trailer.This structure is shown among Fig. 2 c.

With reference to figure 2d, can see that freight container 16 has been loaded onto above the longitudinally-moving platform 10.This loading can be finished with reference to the described mode of figure 2a with top.After above freight container has been loaded onto longitudinally-moving platform 10, vertically movable decking 9 is moved upwards up to the position shown in Fig. 2 e.Under this position, can see that longitudinally-moving platform 10 vertically aligns with the track 11 that the trailer side provides.Under this position, the longitudinally-moving platform 10 of bearing container 16 can move forward in track 11 to occupy the position shown in Fig. 2 f.The form that this of platform 10 moves rolling plate that can be by platform 10 being arranged to have a plurality of rollers realizes that these rollers are provided with a CD-ROM drive motor separately in this example.When platform 10 was positioned at proper height in trailer, these motors can work so that these rollers move forward platform 10 on the track 11 that is provided by trailer.As selection, can provide that a kind of suitable chain drive etc. is simple in order to substitute, the rolling plate on the free rolling roller.In fact, in some preferred embodiment, only use single horizontal drive motor by vertical movable decking carrying, it drives longitudinally-moving platform (also will be called carrying platform) by friction-driven or rack-and-gear device.Can recognize that the driving chain between CD-ROM drive motor and the carrying platform can be taked various forms, for example can comprise following one or more: gear, gear case and transmission shaft.

Can see that from Fig. 2 f platform 9 has the supporting leg 17 that can stretch out from its lower surface.If the track that platform 10 is provided by trailer 11 supportings, when platform 9 is reduced on the floor of trailer (as shown in Fig. 2 g), these supporting legs guarantee that at this moment platform 9 is contour with the back floor 14 of trailer.Therefore, supporting leg 17 has the height identical with longitudinally-moving platform 10.Be positioned at from it after initial position above platform 9 moves at platform 10, supporting leg can for example stretch out by suitable hydraulic efficiency pressure system (not shown) automatically.As selection, platform 9 can pass through, and for example the anchor plate (not shown) that stretches out with hydraulic way from the trailer floor remains on the height on floor 14 behind the trailer, as shown in Fig. 2 g.

With reference to figure 2h, can see that freight container 18 has been loaded onto above the platform 9 of trailer back.Platform 9 is supported so that keep contour with the back floor 14 of trailer by supporting leg 17.

Can recognize from the front explanation,, the invention enables the space utilization in the trailer 1 to be optimized so if freight container 16 is loaded onto above the platform 10 that is positioned at above the freight container 15.In addition, the present invention is favourable, because all " loaded " position can use a kind of manual plate pusher to reach, and does not need fork truck.But, can recognize that if desired, the present invention also can be used for fork truck.In addition, the present invention also can use with roll cage, the words that convey goods by this way if desired.And, although this rising and the platform structure crossed have been shown in the trailer,, clearly, this structure also can be used for not having the goods of detachable trailer to transport vehicle effectively.In addition, although when being used in combination with carrying goods well this structure advantageous particularly, this lifting and pair platform structures that protract transport at the goods that does not have the goods well also has advantage in vehicle and the trailer.

Fig. 3 a and 3b understand that for example platform 9 is raise and reduction by two pairs of

hydraulic actuating cylinders

19,20, has only shown a hydraulic actuating cylinder of each centering in Fig. 3 a and 3b.First pair of hydraulic actuating cylinder 19 is arranged in the goods well 4 of trailer, and second pair of hydraulic actuating cylinder 20 (only shown one of them) among Fig. 3 a and the 3b in each the suitable shell 21 that is formed between the trailer two-wheeled 2, to such an extent as to each in the second pair of hydraulic actuating cylinder is by the floor 22 at trailer 1 rear portion.Can recognize, adiabatic if trailer is wanted in order under the temperature control environment, to convey goods, shell 21 and be not damaged so with being designed to guarantee the insulating characteristics of trailer being connected of trailer.

Fig. 3 b has shown the trailer when hydraulic actuating

cylinder

19,20 has stretched out with raised platform 9.Can see that first hydraulic actuating cylinder 19 comprises a piston 23 that stretches out hydraulic actuating cylinder with lifting platform 9.Equally, second hydraulic actuating cylinder 20 comprises a piston 24 that stretches out with lifting platform 9.

Fig. 4 a and 4b have shown that hydraulic actuating cylinder 20 is respectively along the other view of the straight line 4a-4a among Fig. 3 a and the straight line 4b-4b among Fig. 3 b.Can see that from Fig. 3 a and 3b and Fig. 4 a and 4b the effect of platform 9 by four hydraulic actuating cylinders raises and reduce.

Fig. 5 a and 5b for example understand another embodiment according to trailer of the present invention.Among Fig. 5 the operation of trailer in fact with Fig. 2,3 and 4 in the same, still, should be noted that in the embodiment of Fig. 5, three

platforms

5,6,7 can be realized by movable platform 5 by one in goods well 4.In addition, after trailer that freight container 16 is packed into, two cramp bars 26 are inserted in the trailer.These bars 26 prevent the reach of freight container 16 in trailer 1.Can see that the trailer of Fig. 5 a and 5b has only two trailing wheels 2, therefore, goods well 4 can have bigger size.Therefore, from Fig. 5 b, can see, four freight containers of every row can be installed in the arrival well 4.

Three

platforms

5,6 and 7 shown in Fig. 1 can independently raise and reduce, if this makes an adjacent platforms reduce, just might enter below the flat-bed of rising.Therefore be convenient to maintenance.By contrast, enter the single platform 5 shown in Fig. 5 a and the 5b below be inlet (not shown) via a removable hatch form in the platform.

As Fig. 6 A to 6F illustrated, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, shown in trailer comprise a front portion and rear portion that separates by a goods well 4, three vertical

movable deckings

5,6 and 7 (goods platform shafts) are arranged in goods well 4.At first,

platform

5,6 and 7 aligns with the floor of trailer front portion, and aligns with the upper surface vertical and horizontal anomalous movement platform 10 that is bearing in the trailer rear portion.Platform 10 is installed in above the support platform 9, so that raised platform 10, and after support platform 9 had raise, platform 10 in the horizontal direction can be movable in the vertical direction activity for support platform 9.

As shown in Fig. 6 B, initial, movable decking is set to provide one along the whole horizontal loading surface that uses length to extend of trailer in-to-in.This is convenient to load.Then, ten pairs of freight containers 21 are loaded onto in the trailer.As shown in Fig. 6 C, reduce

platform

5,6 and 7 then, and as shown in Fig. 6 D rising support platform 9.Platform 10 is rolled to forward above the supporting that is arranged in the trailer walls then, and support platform 9 reductions, and is disengaged with rolling platform 10 this moment, makes the upper surface that is formed by support platform 9 align with the short floor of trailer arrival end.Then more freight container 23 is loaded in the rear portion of trailer.Can recognize, not need directly therefore to be convenient to load in the raised position of container loading in the trailer because load the workman.All loading and unloading are all carried out (just not having the conventional trailer of middle goods well or rolling/lifting platform the same with loading) on the height of short floor surface.

Fig. 7 A to 7F for example understands a kind of device similar to Fig. 6 A to 6F, but two

platforms

5 and 6 wherein only are provided in goods well 4.This shown structure is suitable for loading roll cage rather than freight container.The same with the embodiment of Fig. 6 A to 6F,

platform

5 and 6 raises at first, and trailer has been filled

roll cage.Platform

5 and 6 reduces (Fig. 7 C) then, and the roll cage that is positioned at the trailer rear portion subsequently raises and moves forward above platform 5 and 6.Therefore, finish the last loading of trailer by the rear portion that roll cage is loaded into trailer.

With reference now to Fig. 8 A to 8F,, they have shown closely similar device shown in a kind of and Fig. 6 A to 6F, but the device among Fig. 6 A to 6F is suitable for delivering the freight container of standard continental size, and the device of Fig. 8 A to 8F is designed to deliver the freight container with standard Britain Container Dimensions.And, in the embodiment of Fig. 8 A to 8F, initial handling the freight container at trailer rear portion be raised and in reducing arrival well 4, be pushed forward above the previous cargo-carring freight container.

Provided the feasible details that might make the construction and device of the trailer that can as described, work in the following description referring to figs. 1 to 8.Will be with reference to figure 9A and described first details of 9B: make that the rear load platform 10 of Fig. 6 A to 6F and the combination of support platform 9 can initial alignment be that the upper surface of platform 10 is alignd with ground plate portion 22 (seeing Fig. 6 A), then the upper surface of support platform 9 align with ground plate portion 22 (seeing Fig. 6 E).

With reference to figure 9A and 9B, the rear portion of trailer comprises beam 26 in detail, beam 26 backup insulation floors 27 and extension between insulated side wall 28.Support platform 9 (seeing Fig. 6 A to 6F) is installed on the vertical freely-movable bearing beam 29 of 27 tops, floor and makes support platform 9 to move along the direction shown in the arrow 30.The two pairs of slide blocks 31 are supported in to link to each other above the slide rail of 27 tops, floor and with hydraulic actuator 32 and vertically are positioned at position (not shown) below the beam 29 so that move to slide block from the position shown in Fig. 9 A.

When platform 10 was positioned at initial position shown in Fig. 6 A, slide block 31 is positioned at the position shown in Fig. 9 A to make beam 29 can be reduced to floor 27 to contact.Support platform 9 raise and platform 10 moved cross the goods well of trailer after, slide block 31 is moved to the left side among Fig. 9 A, rests on the slide block 31 up to beam 29.As a result, the upper surface of support platform 9 has occupied at first the position that the upper surface by platform 10 occupies now, it align with surperficial 22 (Fig. 6 E).Therefore, provide a kind of simple mechanism here, it guarantees that the surface that fork truck etc. must be driven on it vertically aligns with edge near the trailer floor of trailer arrival end.

Vertically moving of support platform 9 can be by using hydraulic actuator (not shown) or any other the suitable device that vertically extends below floor 27, pneumatic scissor lift arrangement for example as described below realizes.This device also can be advantageously used in vertical mobile platform in the goods well part of trailer or vehicle.

The details of the device that can push ahead in trailer inside referring now to a kind of platform 10 that is used for making Fig. 1 to 8 of Figure 10 to 19 explanation.Figure 10 has shown with respect to the lower support platform 9 last horizontal anomalous movement platform 10 of part after having pushed ahead.Each edge of platform 10 has a row roller 33 (Figure 17), and they align with the horizontal roller track 34 that each edge along support platform 9 extends.Roller 33 be supported in one with support beam 35 that outer hade 36 links to each other in.The lower edge at angle 36 is designed to move above the roller in being set at the aboveground side's trailer side walls of goods.Support platform 9 is strengthened by being positioned at track 34 following curb girders 37.

Its edge after Figure 15 has shown platform 10 the initial position above it is positioned at support platform 9 has moved to above the supporting that is arranged on the trailer walls.A plate 38 that is fixed on the trailer interior walls has the roller 39 that is positioned at cover plate 40 back.Each side along the aboveground side's trailer walls of goods is provided with a series of rollers in order to a roller track to be provided, and the angle 36 of being supported by platform 10 can move to this above roller track.In the time of above platform 10 is bearing in roller 39 fully, the roller 33 that is carried by support beam 35 does not contact any area supported.

Various mechanisms can be set to be used to apply force on the platform 10 in order to displace it on the support platform 9 and to leave.Simple motor and chain driven unit can be set in support platform 9, but in Figure 10 to 14 illustrated a kind of option means, this device is the form that is used for the motor 41 of drive wheel 42, and wheel 42 upwards stretches out by a slit in the support platform 9, as shown in Figure 12.Wheel 42 is positioned at the front edge place of support platform 9, so that be pressed against on the bottom surface of the beam 43 that extends along the length of platform 10.Rubber tape 44 of beam 43 supportings, wheel 42 is pressed against on this rubber tape 44.Therefore there is good frictional engagement at wheel 42 with between, just can suitably promotes platform 10 above support platform 9 and leave from it by CD-ROM drive motor 41 with 44.

Can recognize that in an embodiment of the present invention, goods can be loaded onto and be used for above the platform 10 moving up subsequently and crossing the goods well.

The foregoing description relates to the trailer that comprises the goods well.Obviously, the present invention and the nonessential trailer that is confined to comprise the goods well, but be applicable to that various trailer and goods generally speaking transport vehicle.

With reference now to Figure 20,, it has shown the details that engages the carriage track 11 of horizontal anomalous movement platform 10 in an optional embodiment.Track 11 comprises that one is fixed to vehicle side wall or the elongate articles (or support) 110 above the panelling 28.Obviously, side plate 28 must have enough intensity to support laden platform 10.In order to realize this point, side plate can have rhythmo structure, and can comprise, for example one or more steel plates.Side plate with the weight transmitting of cargo-carring platform 10 to the trailer/vehicle chassis.As we can see from the figure, elongated track part 110 forms a groove that makes progress between it and sidewall, and this groove holds by rotatable and is installed in the roller above the axle 103 that the opposite side of upper mounting plate 10 crosses out or takes turns 33.When last carrying platform 10 when the support platform that raises drives forwards, this groove (providing by the orbital member above the trailer interior walls opposite side) is so guiding and lateral limitation roller.In this example, the weight of cargo-carring upper mounting plate is enough to keep roller to be arranged in their wall-mounted track.For the usable area of the carrying upper surface 100 that increases platform 10, this platform comprises the extendible portion 101 that extends laterally along each side of platform, and their hide roller 33 and axle 103 devices.Except the area that increase is provided, this device has also improved safety.The bottom surface of upper mounting plate 10 is denoted as 104.

Figure 21 understands that for example another kind is suitable for track and the roller means in the embodiment of the invention.And elongated track part 110 is fixed to above the trailer side walls 28 to form a groove.But another orbital member is fixed to above the orbital member on the wall at first, forms a groove that can hold (by vertical insertion) roller 33 row with the side at upper mounting plate 10.The axle 103 of roller 33 extends through two gaps between the orbital member, but roller is vertically constrained in the groove or slit of formation.This device makes and only to allow the vertically moving of platform 10 length of track (promptly along), and even without carrying, the part that gets on the right track prevents that also upper mounting plate 10 from vertically deviating from.

Figure 22 for example understands a kind of optional actuating device in the embodiment of the invention, is used for driving forwards upper mounting plate 10 from support platform 9.What be connected to upper mounting plate 10 bottom surfaces here, is a tooth bar 105.CD-ROM drive motor 41 is arranged in lower platform 9 and is carried by it, and drive one with tooth bar 105 mating gear 46.Therefore, upper mounting plate seesawing (H represents by arrow) in the horizontal direction just controlled in the control of motor.Motor and gear roughly are positioned at the front end 191 of support platform 9.

Figure 23 is the high-level schematic of the composition of another embodiment.It has shown the bottom surface 104 of carrying platform 10, and this platform has tooth bar 105 along its center tape.Motor 41 has an axle 45 that has with the tooth bar gears in mesh.Therefore, motor (link to each other with the lower support platform, connection mode is not shown) drives platform at a midway location.In this example, suitable joint is enough to prevent deflection (i.e. carrying platform swing when driving forwards) between the track in upper mounting plate and the trailer/vehicle side walls.

Figure 24 for example understands the composition to embodiment similar shown in Figure 23.But in this example, upper mounting plate has two parallel racks 105 that extend along its bottom surface 104, and CD-ROM drive motor 41 is by its axle 45 drive gear casings 450.This gear case has two output shafts 47, and they drive two gears 46, each gear and the engagement of tooth bar separately.Therefore, a kind of driven in parallel is applied on the upper mounting plate, and reduces any swing trend.

Figure 25 to 30 has described the loading according to another kind of trailer of the present invention.Goods well 4 wherein had a single-unit activity carrying platform and its actuating mechanism in the middle of this trailer 1 comprised one.A support platform 9, its actuating mechanism and a upper mounting plate 10 are arranged at the rear portion of trailer.Before loading beginning, goods platform shaft 5 enters raised position, makes that its upper surface and the trailer floor of trailer front portion are contour.Upper mounting plate 10 and support platform be set to the upper mounting plate surface also with goods platform shaft upper surface contour (seeing Figure 25).Next, a plurality of cargo units 21 (they can be freight container, chest, crate, roll cage etc.) can be loaded onto in the trailer, fill up utilizable floor space (seeing Figure 26) basically.Should be noted that, be provided with stop motion mechnism 91 at the rear portion of trailer, they can be operated and be used to make support platform to stop at high slightly position.But in cargo-carring this stage, stop motion mechnism does not work, and support platform is positioned at it and dips.Then, as shown in figure 27, goods platform shaft 5 reduces and support platform 9 raises, with last loading platform 10 be changed to be arranged on trailer side walls on or track 11 in the sidewall align.The upper mounting plate of bearing goods drives forwards/promotes by suitable device then and held and engaged with track 11 by track 11.Track is suitable for limiting upper mounting plate motion forward.Also can be provided with stop motion mechnism, this device can be operated in order to prevent that platform from sliding backward along track when platform 10 is positioned at its complete progressive position.So upper mounting plate can be locked in correct position.Even when upper mounting plate is positioned at complete progressive position, to a certain degree overlapping arranged also between upper mounting plate and support platform.In uninstall process, be necessary to operate vertical actuating device conversely, upper mounting plate 10 is pulled out track 11.In Figure 28, along with support platform is promoted fully, stop motion mechnism 91 has worked.Support platform 9 vertically reduces from position shown in Figure 28, and this causes driver train and upper mounting plate to be disengaged.Support platform 9 rests in slightly on the high position (comparing with its initial " loaded " position) then, is positioned at stop motion mechnism 91 and lists (seeing Figure 29).At last, the goods 23 with another part is loaded into above the support platform 9, as shown in Figure 30.

Figure 31 to 34 has more specifically shown the lifting mechanism that is used for Figure 25 to 30 embodiment support platform.Support platform 9 is promoted by a kind of device, and this device comprises the first and second pneumatic shear-type elevators (also can be called scissors-type jack) and an air bag (or pneumatic jack) that is arranged at therebetween.Figure 31 illustrates the folded state of this device, and figure 32 illustrates this device the state that raises, promote (wherein upper mounting plate is changed to align with side wall supports/track and crosses goods well 4 so that it can drive forwards).As can see from Figure 31, the advantage of scissor lift arrangement is that it can be folded into very flat form, and therefore occupies very little volume in trailer/vehicle.Referring to Figure 32, two scissor lift arrangement are arranged at interval along the length of trailer/vehicle.Their structure is identical with operation, elevator before therefore will only describing in detail.Preceding elevator comprises first beam 921 that links to each other with second beam 922 by pivot 93.In the drawings, third and fourth beam is positioned at the back of first and second beams, arranges across the width and first and second distance between girders of trailer.First end of first beam 921 is hinged to an anchor point 94, and this anchor point is rigidly connected on the base plate 940 that is fixed on the trailer chassis.The end opposite of beam 921 has a roller 96 that engages with the bottom surface of support platform 9.Second beam 922 is hinged on an end of the fixer 95 that links to each other with the bottom surface of support platform 9, and end opposite has another free rolling roller on the horizontal rolling plate 97 that links to each other with the chassis.Therefore cross coupling 921,922 forms a kind of scissor arrangement, and by a pair of air bag 99 drivings that are set to common with the segmentation formal expansion.These air bags contact with the plate (not shown) that is connected between the cross coupling.(promptly under folded state) at first, air bag 99 is drawn out of air.Then, for raised platform 9, airbag aeration causes scissor arrangement to launch (pivot, the roller that are beam roll across plate 97 and platform 9 surfaces).Simultaneously provide another hoisting force by gas filed center sleeve/pneumatic jack.

Figure 33 has shown the scissor arrangement that promotes from the back of trailer.As plate 229, can see that at the relative pair of pivot tie-beam 921,922 of trailer line of centers either side air bag 99 applies a power in order to launch scissor arrangement on plate 229.Figure 34 has shown folded state from behind.

Although top example has used pneumatic shear-type elevator, obviously, the shear-type elevator that is driven by different modes can be used for embodiments of the invention.For example, can use hydraulic actuator or thread mechanism (lifting screw).Obviously, adopt pneumatic system, trailer or vehicle a compressor and pressurized air holder can be set easily with thinking that air bag/pneumatic jack inflates.

Figure 35 and 36 for example understands a kind of optional stop motion mechnism be used for the embodiment of the invention, limits its downward motion when reducing after support platform places upper mounting plate its rising progressive position.This hill holder comprises a shell 911 and a retainer 91 that is set to around pivot 910 rotations.Pivot 910 is arranged on the center of gravity top of retainer 91, so its by gravity trends towards occupying position shown in Figure 35.A preceding lower wall 961 of shell prevents that the bottom of retainer 91 from showing shell forward.There is an air bag 912 in portion in the enclosure, or other suitable actuating device.In Figure 35, air bag is bled, and retainer is positioned at enclosure, and the lateral edges of support platform 9 freely moves up and passes through stop motion mechnism.Then, air bag can be inflated, as shown in figure 36.This has applied moment on retainer, cause it around pivot 910 rotations.This rotation is subjected to the restriction near retainer 91 lower ends of inwall behind the shell, and a upper end face 913 of retainer is generally level and stretches out from shell 911 under this position.When platform 9 reduced, it engaged the upper surface that retainer stretches out, and rests above it.Even airbag fails, flat-bed weight also remain on hill holder position shown in Figure 36.

Figure 37 has shown the part of vehicle according to the invention, and this vehicle comprises a goods well 4, has a single carrying platform 5 in this goods well 4.Platform 5 can move up and down in the goods well by scissor lift arrangement, roughly with top identical with reference to the described operation of Figure 31 to 34.This mechanism comprises three the scissors-type jack device 92a, 92b, the 92c that are provided with at interval along the length of goods well.As can see from Figure 37, in this example, two upper platform supports 11A are fixed on the sidewall with two different predetermined altitudes with 11B.Select the back carrying platform to want supporting member placed thereon so can operate after one support platform and horizontal drive apparatus.Figure 38 has shown a cross-sectional plane of vehicle along the line A-A of Figure 37.Therefore a part that has only shown a scissor arrangement.Can see that an end is fixed on the hinged support spare 94,95 and the other end has the intersection scissors element 921,922 of roller 96.Therefore, platform 5 one sides are hinged on the scissor, and opposite side just rests on the roller 96.For the ease of maintenance, a lifting anchor point 50 is provided on the top board of vehicle, be positioned at the top of platform one side that leans against on the roller.By suitable connection 51, platform can only be to raise, and makes it along the rotation of the direction shown in the arrow 52, allows to enter the space (therefore being convenient to the maintenance and the cleaning of goods well and goods well lifting assembly) that is positioned in the goods well below it thus.Supporting member 11A and 11B are for extending transversely into the form of the bracket portion of vehicle cargo space from sidewall.Upper mounting plate can slide into above the carriage, can comprise perhaps that a row is set to lean against on the upper surface of bearing bracket spare 11A and 11B and along the roller of its rolling.

With reference now to Figure 39 to 41,, they have shown the optional mechanism that is used to promote support platform in the embodiments of the invention.Support platform links to each other with the cable 382 of crossing a hydraulic actuating cylinder of row's pulley arrival.These pulleys comprise the vertical pulley 383 of the high-order pulley 381, the low level that are arranged in trailer walls 28 (promptly being set to around horizontal rotational shaft), low level horizontal trolley 384 (promptly being set to rotate around vertical axes) and by the pulley 386 (being translation) of Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder.Therefore for lifting platform 9, hydraulic actuating cylinder stretches out, and the cable and the lifting platform of pulley gear are crossed in pulling on 4 points, at the either side of trailer 2 points is arranged respectively, to keep the platform level.

Claims

1. trailer, this trailer is formed with a floor of extending from first end, and comprise at least one first moveable platform, goods can be loaded into this above platform from first end of trailer, this platform is supported by this way, and promptly it can raise and it can advance and leaves first end of trailer after loading after loading.

2. trailer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first moveable platform is supported in another vertically on the mobile platform, described another above vertically mobile platform has moved to one behind the position, described first moveable platform can move away first end of trailer.

3. trailer according to claim 2 comprises that is set to vertically move described another flat-bed lifting mechanism.

4. trailer according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described lifting mechanism is set to keep described another platform to be arranged essentially parallel to the trailer floor.

5. according to claim 3 or 4 described trailers, it is characterized in that described lifting mechanism comprises at least one shear-type elevator.

6. according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that described lifting mechanism comprises at least one pneumatic actuator.

7. according to claim 5 or 6 described trailers, it is characterized in that described lifting mechanism comprises two longitudinally spaced apart pneumatic shear-type elevators and a pneumatic jack that is arranged at therebetween.

8. according to claim 3 or 4 arbitrary described trailers, it is characterized in that described lifting mechanism comprises at least one pulley and at least one pulley cable.

9. according to arbitrary in the claim 1 to the 4 or described trailer of claim 8, it is characterized in that the vertical motion of described another moveable platform is realized by hydraulic actuating cylinder.

10. according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the vertical motion of described another moveable platform is realized by lifting screw.

11. according to the described trailer of aforementioned any claim, it is characterized in that, described trailer forms a goods well, and comprises at least one second moveable platform, described second moveable platform can be in the goods well above first the position move to second lower position.

12. trailer according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described first platform can raise and advance forward, makes described first flat-bed at least a portion be positioned at directly over the goods well.

13. trailer according to claim 12 is characterized in that, described first platform can move to the rising progressive position that hides the goods well fully.

14., comprise second lifting mechanism that is set to vertically move described second moveable platform according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 11 to 13.

15. trailer according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described second lifting mechanism is set to keep described second moveable platform to be arranged essentially parallel to the trailer floor.

16., it is characterized in that described second lifting mechanism comprises at least one shear-type elevator according to claim 14 or 15 described trailers.

17., it is characterized in that described second lifting mechanism comprises at least one pneumatic actuator according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 14 to 16.

18., it is characterized in that described second lifting mechanism comprises three longitudinally spaced apart pneumatic shear-type elevators in the goods well according to claim 16 or 17 described trailers.

19., it is characterized in that described second lifting mechanism comprises at least one hydraulic actuator according to claim 14 or 15 described trailers.

20., it is characterized in that described second lifting mechanism comprises at least one lifting screw according to claim 14 or 15 described trailers.

21. according to the described trailer of aforementioned arbitrary claim, comprise and be used for making cargo-carring first moveable platform to raise and advance to the device of at least one rising progressive position at trailer, this trailer also comprises the supporting member that is installed on the trailer side walls, and described supporting member is set to described first moveable platform is bearing in described rising progressive position.

22. trailer according to claim 21 is characterized in that, when being positioned at described rising progressive position, described first moveable platform is arranged essentially parallel to the trailer floor.

23. trailer according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described supporting member comprises that at least one pair of is installed in the track on the trailer opposing sidewalls.

24. trailer according to claim 23 is characterized in that, described track is set to be arranged essentially parallel to the trailer floor.

25. according to claim 23 or 24 described trailers, it is characterized in that, described first moveable platform comprises a plurality of rollers, and described track provides the rolling plane for described roller, thereby make described first moveable platform can be raised and drive forwards subsequently, to arrive described rising progressive position so that on described supporting member, roll.

26. trailer according to claim 25 is characterized in that, each track forms a groove that is used to hold described roller.

27. according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 23 to 26, it is characterized in that described track also comprises end stops, it is set to limit described first moveable platform and travels forward.

28. according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 23 to 27, also comprise controlled hill holder, it can be operated so that described first moveable platform is locked in described rising progressive position.

29., it is characterized in that described first moveable platform can only advance forward from a predetermined vertical position according to the described trailer of aforementioned any claim.

30. trailer according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, described predetermined vertical position determines that by the track that is arranged in the trailer walls described track is fixedly located in described predetermined vertical position, and described first moveable platform can advance forward along described track.

31. according to the described trailer of aforementioned any claim, it is characterized in that, described first moveable platform is a carrying platform, this trailer comprises the first that forms a preceding floor of carrying, the rear portion on floor after forming one, one be positioned at before, goods well part between the trailing portion and the device that is used for capacity weight is reduced arrival well part, one of them support platform vertically moves above the floor, back between can and dipping in rising, and carrying platform of this support platform supporting, described carrying platform can be at the aboveground side's parallel motion of goods when this support platform is positioned at raised position, and described carrying platform can be above this support platform moves to the supporting member that is installed on the vehicle side wall.

32. trailer according to claim 31 is characterized in that, roller places between described support platform and the carrying platform.

33. trailer according to claim 32 is characterized in that, described carrying platform is along its longitudinal edge supporting roller, and these rollers turn round on the track that the longitudinal edge along described support platform extends.

34., it is characterized in that roller places between described sidewall supports and the described carrying platform according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 31 to 33.

35. trailer according to claim 34 is characterized in that, described sidewall supports comprises roller, and the formation thing on the described carrying platform longitudinal edge rolls in the above.

36. trailer according to claim 35 is characterized in that, described side wall supports roller is installed in above the plate that forms goods well part madial wall.

37., it is characterized in that described support platform has a CD-ROM drive motor and is used for moving described carrying platform the aboveground side of goods according to arbitrary described trailer in the claim 31 to 36.

38. according to the described trailer of claim 37, it is characterized in that, roller of described drive motor around the axle rotation of crossing trailer, this roller stretches out the upper surface of described support platform, and engages so that the rotation of roller drives described carrying platform with respect to described support platform with the surface friction of described carrying platform formation.

39., it is characterized in that described carrying platform comprises a tooth bar according to the described trailer of claim 37, and described CD-ROM drive motor is set to drive and this tooth bar gears in mesh.

40. trailer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described another vertically mobile platform have a CD-ROM drive motor, described another above vertically mobile platform has moved to after the position, this CD-ROM drive motor can be operated so that drive forwards first end that described first moveable platform leaves trailer.

41. according to the described trailer of claim 40, it is characterized in that, described CD-ROM drive motor be set to drive with described first moveable platform on the tooth bar mating gear that provides.

42. vehicle that is used to convey goods, has a floor of extending from first end, and comprise at least one first moveable platform, goods can be loaded into from first end of vehicle on this platform, this platform is supported by this way, and promptly it can raise and it can advance and leaves first end of vehicle after loading after loading.

43. vehicle, comprise the first that forms a preceding floor of carrying, the rear portion on floor after forming one, one be positioned at before, goods well partial sum between the trailing portion is used for capacity weight is reduced the device of arrival well part, one of them support platform can vertically move at raised position with between dipping above the floor, back, and carrying platform of this support platform supporting, this carrying platform can be at the aboveground side's parallel motion of goods when this support platform is positioned at raised position, and this carrying platform can be above this support platform moves to the supporting member that is installed on the vehicle side wall.

44. basically as described with reference to the accompanying drawings a kind of vehicle in the specification sheets.

45. basically as described with reference to the accompanying drawings a kind of trailer in the specification sheets.

46. a method that is used to load trailer or vehicle, this method comprise first end from trailer or vehicle with above first moveable platform of cargo loading in trailer or vehicle, and raise and move forward first moveable platform of the described goods of carrying.

47., it is characterized in that goods is loaded onto above second moveable platform according to the described method of claim 46, and this second moveable platform is lowered in the goods well of trailer or vehicle.

48. one kind basically as the described with reference to the accompanying drawings method that is used to load trailer or vehicle in the specification sheets.