CN1774558A - Underground high pressure continuous flow jet drilling tool and rock drilling method thereof - Google Patents

Underground high pressure continuous flow jet drilling tool and rock drilling method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1774558A
CN1774558A CN200480010363.8A CN200480010363A CN1774558A CN 1774558 A CN1774558 A CN 1774558A CN 200480010363 A CN200480010363 A CN 200480010363A CN 1774558 A CN1774558 A CN 1774558A
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pump
axial
drilling
pressure
high pressure
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CN1774558B (en
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金锋
沈忠厚
孙为群
彭方远
邓克贤
石杨
何建军
庞仁
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TIANJIN CITY JINGBAO RONGCHUN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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Tianjin Jingbao Technology Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground high pressure continuous flow jet drilling tool and a rock drilling method thereof, comprising a drill lever, a filtering device, a turbine device, a centrifugal pump or an axial-flow pump and a drill. The drill lever is drived by a ground ane rotary disc or a top drive device. The drill is arranged at the bottom of the drill lever, which is fixed with a high pressure flow jet nozzle and a low pressure flow jet nozzle. Inside the drill lever along the axes of the drill lever is provided with a filtering device, a turbine device and multiple-stage centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump. The turbine device adopts the mode that a hollow axle, the filtering device and the hollow axle of the turbine device are connected and the axle input terminal of the centrifugal pump or the axial-flow pump is connected with the output terminal of the turbine device hollow axle. The invention can improve the well drilling speed.

Description

Underground high pressure continuous flow jet drilling tool and rock drilling method thereof
A kind of down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool and its rock breaking method technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool and its rock breaking method.Background technology
Chinese utility model patent ZL96207357.1 discloses a kind of super high pressure underground pulse efflux booster, and the booster, by dynamic drilling tool, is used for the hydraulic cylinder of supercharging below turbodrill provided with two turbocharging provided with one.Drilling fluid enters the entrance of hydraulic cylinder through turbine, then from nozzle projects pulsation superhigh pressure water jet broken rock after being pressurized through hydraulic cylinder.Jet pressure reaches 100-200Mpa
This pulse jet booster can not provide the high-pressure jet of continuous flowing, therefore efficiency of breaking rock is low.Because hydraulic cylinder uses clearance seal, the very small of the particle diameter that drilling cuttings is given up in drilling fluid it requires.Accordingly, it would be desirable to carry out that after strictly filtering this high-pressure jet drilling tool could be entered to drilling fluid.Further, since during being pressurized using hydraulic cylinder, the space in cylinder barrel completely cuts off with extraneous drilling fluid, thus charging efficiency is low, and easily damaged.
The Ι of Chinese patent application CN § 910178 disclose a kind of supercharging device in drilling rod, and this supercharging device is made up of turbine, and this supercharging device can not provide the broken rock jet with enough pressure.
United States Patent (USP) US4,819,745 disclose a kind of for pulse jet device in drilling rod, and this device includes a turbine apparatus, a reversal valve is set to be used for the outlet for closing or opening turbine apparatus under turbine apparatus, the opening and closing of reversal valve form pulsing jet.As increasing the pressure of drilling fluid using pressurized cylinder, the high pressure broken rock jet of continuous flowing can not be provided according to United States Patent (USP) US4 819,745 pulse jet device.The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, The drilling tool can produce the high-pressure jet of continuous flowing in underground, reach broken rock with removing the effect of landwaste, it can improve bit speed.
Rock breaking method is sprayed it is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of underground high pressure continuous flow, according to bernoulli principle, high-velocity fluid center pressure will be less than pressure for vaporization, the high-pressure jet of continuous flowing is formed local decompression in shaft bottom, so as to reach the purpose for improving bit speed.
What the first object of the present invention was realized in:A kind of down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, including drilling rod, filter, turbine apparatus, centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump and drill bit, drilling rod is driven by ground rotating disk or top-drive device, drill bit is provided with the bottom of drilling rod, high-pressure jet nozzle and low pressure stream nozzle are provided with drill bit, in the inside of drilling rod filter is disposed with along the axis of drilling rod, turbine apparatus and centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump, the turbine apparatus uses hollow shaft, filter is connected with the hollow shaft of turbine apparatus, the axle input of centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump is connected with the output end of turbine apparatus hollow shaftβDescribed down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, the output end of the hollow shaft of its turbine apparatus is supported by thrust bearing, and the axle input of centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump is connected with turbine apparatus hollow shaft output end by thrust bearing.
Internal diameter of the internal diameter of the hollow shaft of described its turbine apparatus of down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool substantially with centrifugal pump or the housing of axial-flow pump aligns.
Described down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, annular space is formed between its drilling rod inwall and centrifugal pump or the outer wall of axial-flow pump.
High-pressure jet nozzle on described down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, its drill bit is connected with centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump, and the low pressure stream nozzle on drill bit is used to form circulation of drilling fluid backflow, and low pressure stream nozzle is arranged in the existing vestibule of drill bit.
Described down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, the turbine apparatus is multistage turbine group, and turbine groups at different levels are serially connected in described hollow shaft, and turbine apparatus is made up of multistage turbine section.
Described down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, the centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump are many Level centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump.
Described down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, its drilling-liquid purifying apparatus uses cyclone device, is made up of the helical blade being fixed on drilling rod inwall.
Described down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, its drilling-liquid purifying apparatus is made up of the helical blade fixed on the driving shaft.
What the second object of the present invention was realized in:A kind of underground high pressure continuous flow sprays rock breaking method, it is according to bernoulli principle, the dynamic pressure of fluid any point and static pressure sum are zero, the center liquid pressure of high-pressure jet low can arrive pressure for vaporization, therefore the high-pressure jet of a fixed displacement forms area of local decompression in shaft bottom, and the rock in it will expand under itself pore pressure to be crushed, and realizes broken rock, and " chip hold down effect " destroyed in drilling process reaches the effect for removing landwaste, to improve bit speed.
Described underground high pressure continuous flow injection rock breaking method, this method comprises the following steps:
1) drilling fluid is filtered using cyclone;
2) drill motor is used as using the turbine apparatus of multistage turbine section, multistage turbine section is rotated using drilling fluid, so as to drive centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump to rotate, the drilling fluid for flowing into centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump is pressurized, makes the pressure of drilling fluid in 20-40Mpa;
3) drill bit is driven by the drilling rod driven by ground rotating disk or top-drive device5The high-pressure jet and low pressure that are projected from drill bit is set to examine stream while acting on the rock in shaft bottom, while forming area of local decompression in shaft bottom.
The present invention is according to bernoulli principle, the dynamic pressure of fluid any point and static pressure sum are zero, the center liquid pressure of high-pressure jet low can arrive pressure for vaporization, therefore the high-pressure jet of a fixed displacement forms area of local decompression in shaft bottom, rock in it will expand broken under itself pore pressure, broken rock is realized, and " chip hold down effect " destroyed in drilling process reaches the effect for removing landwaste, to improve bit speed.This has the difference of essence with conventional downhole pressure increasing broken rock drilling tool mechanism, conventional downhole pressure increasing broken rock, its design aim is to smash broken rock by the impulsive force of high-pressure jet, therefore its high-pressure jet will be pressurized to very high about lOOMpa to 200Mpa in design, corresponding discharge capacity very little, and according to the principle of the present invention The high-pressure jet pressure only 20Mpa to 40Mpa of drilling tool, discharge capacity is relatively large, thus machinery is realized and is easier under this technical indicator, and conventional its design objective of principle is very high, and machinery is realized difficult.
In the drilling tool of the present invention, turbine is not used in direct drive bit, but driving centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump are pressurized to part drilling fluid.It is emphasized that this part is that by hollow shaft, into centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump, Zhe Yang Minus have lacked the pressure loss, improved system effectiveness at the top of turbine by the drilling fluid that centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump are pressurized.
Because the present invention is pressurized using centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump to drilling fluid, so to the filtering requirement of drilling fluid less than the requirement when being pressurized with hydraulic cylinder to drilling fluid.Meanwhile, centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump can provide the high-pressure jet of continuous flowing.
Because drilling fluid can be fully sealed for the thrust bearing of the present invention, and without using rubber seal, therefore it is adapted to the applying working condition of underground higher temperatureβ
Because the low-pressure nozzle of the present invention is arranged in the existing vestibule of drill bit, it is ensured that the flow section of drilling fluid is maximum so that drilling fluid return is unobstructed.This technical measures reduce requirement of the present invention to ground installation, while also reducing seal request of the present invention to drilling tool《Need that a high pressure nozzle is installed on drill bit, be connected by runner with the exit seal of centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump.Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific example, the present invention will be further described, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for representing structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for representing operation principle of the present invention.Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the present invention proposes that one kind can produce high pressure solid jet in underground Down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, it includes drilling rod 1, drilling fluid filter 2, the turbine apparatus 4 using hollow shaft 3;Support the thrust bearing 5 of the output end of turbine hollow shaft 3;The suction inlet 62 of the centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump 6 driven by turbine hollow shaft 3, centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump 6 is connected with the rotatory sealing of turbine hollow shaft 3;The drill bit 7 of the bottom of drilling rod 1 is connected to, low pressure stream nozzle 71 and high-pressure jet nozzle 72 is which is provided with, drilling rod 1 is driven by ground rotating disk or top-drive device.Hollow shaft 3 is also the suction inlet of centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump 6.
In the present invention, the drilling tool is set in turn in inside drilling rod each along the axis direction of drilling rod 1, so that the driving centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump of turbine apparatus 4 or axial-flow pump 6.Drilling fluid enters from the entrance 21 of filter 2, and the part drilling fluid after filtering enters centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump 6 (as indicated by arrows with dashed lines in figure 2 from the top of turbine 41 through hollow shaft 3), after supercharging, reach that 20-30Mpa is projected from the high-pressure jet nozzle 72 on drill bit.Remaining most of drilling fluid(As solid line in figure 2), drive it to rotate by turbine 41, the annular space 9 through drilling rod and centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump, the low pressure stream nozzle on drill bit is projected, as shown in Figure 3.
In the underground high pressure continuous flow injection rock breaking method of the present invention, it can be made up of turbine apparatus 4 as drill motor drill motor multistage turbine section and hollow shaft9Turbine rotates under the driving of drilling fluid and drives hollow shaft to rotate, so as to produce turning moment;Thrust box is fixed on drilling rod inwall, and the hollow shaft of drill motor is supported by thrust bearing, and the turning moment of hollow shaft is passed into centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump, and driving centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump 6 rotate;Drilling fluid from motor hollow shaft is pressurized by centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump 6, and makes this part drilling fluid ejected at high pressure from drill bit, is impacted on Rock in Well, the drilling fluid by filtering is continuously sprayed with certain pressure initiation.
In the present invention, drilling-liquid purifying apparatus can use cyclone device, be made up of the helical blade being fixed on drilling rod inwall, blade angle is larger, the pressure loss to drilling fluid is smaller.Drilling fluid forms centrifugal rotation when being moved along helical blade so that major diameter particle flows in drilling-liquid purifying apparatus periphery in drilling fluid, by motor impeller and Annular space between centrifugal pump and drilling rod, is projected from the low-pressure nozzle of drill bit;The drilling fluid of center flowing obtains a certain degree of purification, and solid phase particles diameter is smaller, and the inside of centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump is flowed directly to by the hollow shaft of drill motor(This part drilling fluid does not pass through motor turbine, pressure loss very little), after supercharging, projected from the high pressure nozzle of drill bit.
Drilling-liquid purifying apparatus can also be made up of the helical blade fixed on the driving shaft, be driven through drill motor, be rotated with certain speed, and clean drilling liquid reaches above-mentioned identical effect.The direction of helical blade should be consistent with the direction of drill motor turbo blade.
Flow, speed and the pressure drop of the leaf drilling fluid with by turbine of turbine are matched;Hollow shaft is entered by the upper entrance of hollow shaft by the clean drilling fluid in the part of purifier, this part drilling fluid by the outlet of hollow shaft because without the pressure drop very little by turbine, then enter centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump.The wall thickness of hollow shaft should meet the intensity requirement of transmission moment of torsion, and internal diameter should meet the traffic requirement of high-pressure jetβ

Claims (11)

  1. Figure IMGF000009_0001
    1. a kind of down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool, including drilling rod(1), filter
    (2), turbine apparatus(4), centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump(And drill bit 6)(7), drilling rod(1) driven by ground rotating disk or top-drive device, in drilling rod(1) bottom is provided with drill bit(7), drill bit(7) high-pressure jet nozzle and low pressure stream nozzle are provided with, it is characterised in that:In drilling rod(1) inside is along drilling rod(1) axis is disposed with filter(2), turbine apparatus(4) with centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump(6), the turbine apparatus(4) hollow shaft is used(3), filter(And turbine apparatus 2)(4) hollow shaft(3) it is connected, axle input and turbine apparatus (4) hollow shaft of centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump (6)
    (3) output end is connected.
    2. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Turbine apparatus(4) hollow shaft(3) output end is by thrust bearing(5) support, centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump(6) axle input and turbine apparatus(4) hollow shaft(3) output end passes through thrust bearing(5) connect.
    3. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Turbine apparatus(4) hollow shaft(3) internal diameter substantially with centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump(6) the internal diameter alignment of housing 61.
    4. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Annular space is formed between the outer wall of drilling rod (1) inwall and centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump (6)
    (9)。
    5. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Drill bit(7) high-pressure jet nozzle and centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump on(6) it is connected, drill bit(7) the low pressure stream nozzle on is used to form circulation of drilling fluid backflow, and low pressure stream nozzle is arranged in the existing vestibule of drill bit.
    6. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The turbine apparatus(4) it is multistage turbine(41) group, turbine groups at different levels are serially connected in In described hollow shaft, turbine apparatus(4) it is made up of multistage turbine section.
    7. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump(6) it is centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump(6 ).
    8. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Drilling-liquid purifying apparatus uses cyclone device, is made up of the helical blade being fixed on drilling rod inwall.
    9. down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Drilling-liquid purifying apparatus is made up of the helical blade fixed on the driving shaft.
    10. a kind of underground high pressure continuous flow sprays rock breaking method, it is characterised in that:According to bernoulli principle, the dynamic pressure of fluid any point and static pressure sum are zero, the center liquid pressure of high-pressure jet low can arrive pressure for vaporization, therefore the high-pressure jet of a fixed displacement forms area of local decompression in shaft bottom, rock in it will expand broken under itself pore pressure, broken rock is realized, and is destroyed in drilling process " chip hold down effect, which reaches, to be removed the effect 3 of landwaste to improve bit speedffl
    11. underground high pressure continuous flow as claimed in claim 1 sprays rock breaking method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
    1) drilling fluid is filtered using cyclone;
    2) rotate multistage turbine section using drilling fluid, so as to drive centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump as drill motor using the turbine apparatus of multistage turbine section(6) rotate, the drilling fluid for flowing into centrifugal pump or axial-flow pump (6) is pressurized, makes the pressure of drilling fluid in 20-40Mpa;
    3) drill bit is driven by the drilling rod (1) driven by ground rotating disk or top-drive device, makes the high-pressure jet and low pressure stream that are projected from drill bit while acting on the rock in shaft bottom, while forming area of local decompression in shaft bottom.
CN200480010363.8A 2003-04-15 2004-04-14 Underground high pressure continuous flow jet drilling tool and rock drilling method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN1774558B (en)

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CN03244667.5 2003-04-15
CNU032446675U CN2612792Y (en) 2003-04-15 2003-04-15 Down-hole high pressure continuous stream jetting drilling tool
PCT/CN2004/000352 WO2004092532A1 (en) 2003-04-15 2004-04-14 A downhole-drilling tool with high-pressure and continuous-flow jet and a method for breaking the rock

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CN1774558A true CN1774558A (en) 2006-05-17
CN1774558B CN1774558B (en) 2010-04-28

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CN102086755A (en) * 2010-12-22 2011-06-08 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 Guiding high-pressure jet drilling system based on coiled tubing
CN103527077A (en) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-22 长江大学 Downhole turbine motor plasma drilling tool
CN103527077B (en) * 2012-07-04 2015-08-19 长江大学 Downhole turbine motor plasma drilling tool
CN105735928A (en) * 2016-03-04 2016-07-06 中国地质大学(武汉) Spiral rotating shaft type local reverse circulation core drill bit
CN105735928B (en) * 2016-03-04 2018-05-01 中国地质大学(武汉) Screw shaft formula local reverse-circulation core bit
CN106869796A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-06-20 西南石油大学 A kind of downhole hardware of machinery and jet flow negative pressure dual drive
CN113187398A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-07-30 辽宁石油化工大学 Novel magnetic continuous pulse plasma drill bit and drilling method
CN113187398B (en) * 2021-06-02 2023-06-02 辽宁石油化工大学 Novel magnetic continuous pulse plasma drill bit and drilling method
CN115921942A (en) * 2022-12-16 2023-04-07 连云港栎洋科技发展有限公司 Steel form processing device
CN115921942B (en) * 2022-12-16 2023-08-29 连云港栎洋科技发展有限公司 Steel form processingequipment

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CA2555075A1 (en) 2004-10-28

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