Electric Shock protector
Technical field
The present invention is an invention that multicomponent circuit is used in combination, and relates to the safety guard, particularly electric Shock protector of power network circuit, is to prevent that personal electric shock injures and deaths and the single-phase shorted to earth of power network from causing fire and equipment breakdown.
Background technology
Electricity invention 100 for many years, and is electric for Human's production, life bring great convenience, and promoted world industry revolution for the second time.But undeniablely be, can bring very big harm to human life's property if use or protect improperly.The people stands on the ground, touch low voltage electric network in the water and high-voltage fence all can damage accident.The fire damage that the circuit single-phase short circuit is caused is also very surprising, causes people's psychology that electricity is had great frightened sensation, looks electricity for electric-tiger, and is like a tiger whose backside no one dares to touch.Therefore people have used a lot of methods to manage, and strive safety utilization of electric power, but effect are still not very good.As in 380 volts/220 volts electrical networks, using existing various electric leakage protectors just can not produce a desired effect fully.The operation principle of electric leakage protector is meant electrical network in case leak electricity, and it trips to cut off the electricity supply with regard to command switch and protects personal safety.Sometimes not that the people gets an electric shock, but the blowing and raining branch is run into electric wire or other reason grid power leakage, electric leakage protector is understood the command switch tripping operation equally, cause many mistrip accidents, have a strong impact on normal work of industrial and agricultural production and national defense construction and the people and household electricity, the electrician often at dead of night, meet blowing and raining, go to send to the switchgear house far away of leaving home under the pitch-dark situation, sometimes the electrician send behind the electricity on the way home, the leakage tripping phenomenon takes place again in electrical network, so repeat repeatedly,, do not want to use so the electrician is fed up with to electric leakage protector, sometimes the leakage switch that installs has all been cancelled, the result often causes the accident of getting an electric shock and dying.Particularly in the rural area, this situation is more.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide electric Shock protector, by the use in electrical network, when people or other animal stand on the ground, touch 220 volts of low voltage electric networks in the water and high-voltage fence casualty accident can not take place for 3 kilovolts-60 kilovolts, and can accomplish: the electrical network shorted to earth can the breaking out of fire accident; The electrical network shorted to earth can not cause electric network from collapsing, causes the wide geographic area power outage; Electrical network is convenient to not interruption maintenance, guarantees normal power supply; Power grid construction reduces the ground level (distance) and the class of insulation, can save substantial contribution; Removing people feels the fear of electric-tiger psychologically.
It comprises that impedor 11, current detection circuit 12, rectification circuit 13, zero line fall on the ground signal output apparatus 14, zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15, timing trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and sound warning circuit 19, lightning arrester 21.
Described rectification circuit 13 be one for the other parts circuit provides the rectification circuit of dc power supply, any one in its ac input end and electrical network a, b, the c three-phase is connected mutually;
Described impedor 11 is impedors that are connected between power network wiring end and the electrical network ground wire, and when transformer or generator secondary side employing star connection, described power network wiring end is a neutral point; When transformer or generator secondary side employing delta connection, described power network wiring end is the phase line leading-out terminal; Its internal circuit of impedor 11 is by inductance L, resistance R and making up.Its purposes is: consume the voltage in power-to-ground capacitance and the consumption closed-loop path, stop the electric current in the closed-loop path to pass through simultaneously.Can detect phase line and land signal, can introduce the earth to the thunder and lightning in transformer neutral point and the electrical network and eliminate.
Described current detection circuit 12 is current-sensing circuits; Two inputs of this current detection circuit 12 and the current circuit of described impedor 11 constitute induction and detect the loop, output in two outputs with exchange or dc power supply terminal is connected; Another output is connected with described timing trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and the power supply side of sound warning circuit 19, constitutes first power supply side;
It is induction by current testing circuits that described zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15; Two inputs that this zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15 are connected with ground wire with the electrical network zero line respectively, and its output constitutes zero line and falls on the ground alarm signal output ends;
The input that described zero line falls on the ground signal output apparatus 14 is connected with the output that described zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15, output that this zero line falls on the ground signal output apparatus 14 with exchange or dc power supply terminal is connected, another output is connected with described timing trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and the power supply side of sound warning circuit 19, constitutes the second source feeder ear;
Described timing trip circuit 17 is made of a time relay, and this time relay is serially connected between the power supply side and power supply ground of described timing trip circuit 17, the into electrical network trip(ping) circuit of connecting of two outputs; After receiving alarm signal, this timing trip circuit 17 regularly trips at official hour, cuts off the mains supply loop;
Described light warning circuit 18 is the light Display and Alarm Circuit that are made of two luminescent devices, first luminescent device of this light warning circuit 18 is connected between first power supply side and power supply ground of described current detection circuit 12, constitutes the light warning circuit that phase line falls on the ground or gets an electric shock; Second luminescent device of this light warning circuit 18 is connected on described zero line and falls on the ground and constitute zero line between the second source feeder ear of signal output apparatus 14 and the power supply ground and fall on the ground the light warning circuit;
Described audible alarm circuit 19 is made of a microphone device, and this microphone device is connected between the power supply side and power supply ground of audible alarm circuit 19, the alarm signal of sounding during energising.
It is that the two ends that are attempted by impedor 11 are that the power network wiring end is between zero line side or phase line end and the electrical network ground wire for a described lightning arrester 21; when electrical network and transformer neutral point zero line meet powerful thunderstorm hour; lightning arrester 21 can be protected impedor 11 and other power equipment, and it can be introduced the earth to thunder and lightning and eliminate.
When transformer or generator secondary side employing star connection, electric Shock protector of the present invention is serially connected between the neutral point and electrical network ground wire of described power network wiring end, if people (or other animal) stands on the ground, touch low pressure in the water, during the high-voltage fence phase line, the electric current of electrical network flows through human body, flow into the earth, through earth connection, flow into the impedor 11 of electric Shock protector, get back to the zero line neutral point and constitute the closed-loop path, the motional impedance device is just finished the consumption of regulating loop voltage and phase line direct-to-ground capacitance automatically in the moment of switching on, making human or animal's voltage on one's body is safe voltage, has guaranteed life security! If zero line falls on the ground, zero line and ground wire closure make the zero line of electric Shock protector fall on the ground testing circuit 15 and produce zero lines and fall on the ground detection signal, and two outlet internal closures that the electric current zero line falls on the ground signal output apparatus 14 are powered the second source feeder ear immediately; On the other hand, when phase line was landed, impedor sent signal code to current detection circuit 12, and current detection circuit 12 makes two outlet internal closure because its input has electric current to flow through, and first power supply side is powered immediately.More than two kinds of situations trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and sound warning circuit 19 are started working.
When transformer or generator secondary side employing delta connection, electric Shock protector of the present invention is connected between electrical network phase line and the electrical network ground wire, after the releasing zero line fell on the ground signal circuit, other course of work was identical with star connection warning operation principle.
Therefore, the electric Shock protector of the application of the invention can prevent the generation of electric shock accidents effectively, safeguards power grid security simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit theory composition of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is used for the star connection schematic diagram for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is used for the delta connection schematic diagram for the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, it comprises that impedor 11, current detection circuit 12, rectification circuit 13, zero line fall on the ground signal output apparatus 14, zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15, timing trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and sound warning circuit 19, lightning arrester 21.
Described rectification circuit 13 be one for the other parts circuit provides the rectification circuit of dc power supply, any one in its ac input end and electrical network a, b, the c three-phase is connected mutually;
Described impedor 11 is impedors that are connected between power network wiring end and the electrical network ground wire, and when transformer or generator secondary side employing star connection, described power network wiring end is a neutral point; When transformer or generator secondary side employing delta connection, described power network wiring end is the phase line leading-out terminal; Its internal circuit of impedor 11 is by inductance L, resistance R and making up.Its purposes: consume the voltage in power-to-ground capacitance and the consumption closed-loop path, stop the electric current in the closed-loop path to pass through simultaneously.Can detect phase line and land signal, can introduce the earth to the thunder and lightning in transformer neutral point and the electrical network and eliminate.
Described current detection circuit 12 is current-sensing circuits; Two inputs of this current detection circuit 12 and the current circuit of described impedor 11 constitute induction and detect the loop, output in two outputs with exchange or dc power supply terminal is connected; Another output is connected with described timing trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and the power supply side of sound warning circuit 19, constitutes first power supply side;
It is induction by current testing circuits that described zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15; Two inputs that this zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15 are connected with ground wire with the electrical network zero line respectively, and its output constitutes zero line and falls on the ground alarm signal output ends;
The input that described zero line falls on the ground signal output apparatus 14 is connected with the output that described zero line falls on the ground testing circuit 15, output that this zero line falls on the ground signal output apparatus 14 with exchange or dc power supply terminal is connected, another output is connected with described timing trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and the power supply side of sound warning circuit 19, constitutes the second source feeder ear;
Described timing trip circuit 17 is made of a time relay, and this time relay is serially connected between the power supply side and power supply ground of described timing trip circuit 17, the into electrical network trip(ping) circuit of connecting of two outputs; After receiving alarm signal, this timing trip circuit 17 regularly trips at official hour, cuts off the mains supply loop;
The light Display and Alarm Circuit that described light warning circuit 18 is made of two luminescent devices, first luminescent device of this light warning circuit 18 is connected between first power supply side and power supply ground of described current detection circuit 12, constitutes the light warning circuit that phase line falls on the ground or gets an electric shock; Second luminescent device of this light warning circuit 18 is connected on described zero line and falls on the ground and constitute zero line between the second source feeder ear of signal output apparatus 14 and the power supply ground and fall on the ground the light warning circuit;
Described audible alarm circuit 19 is made of a microphone device, and this microphone device is connected between the power supply side and power supply ground of audible alarm circuit 19, the alarm signal of sounding during energising.
Described lightning arrester 21: it is that the two ends that are attempted by impedor 11 are that the power network wiring end is between zero line side or phase line end and the electrical network ground wire; when electrical network and transformer neutral point zero line meet powerful thunderstorm hour; lightning arrester 21 can be protected impedor 11 and other power equipment, and it can be introduced the earth to thunder and lightning and eliminate.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is used for the star connection schematic diagram, magnetoelectricity alternation generator or power transformer secondary side one star connection neutral point be zero line 5 with electrical network ground wire 2 between be connected in series this electric Shock protector 3, electric Shock protector 3 working power lines 8 are connected in parallel on the phase line of secondary side outlet (high-voltage fence is through voltage transformer).When people (or other animal) stands on the ground, when touching low pressure, high-voltage fence phase line in the water, the electric current of electrical network flows through human body 1, flows into the earth, through earth connection 2, flow into electric Shock protector 3, get back to zero line 5 and constitute the closed-loop path to neutral point.Just finish the processing of regulating loop voltage automatically in the moment of switching on, the outlet of star connection phase line coil 6 is consumed by electric Shock protector 3 most of voltage of voltage between the zero line 5 and phase line direct-to-ground capacitance voltage.The voltage that people 1 (other animal) is born is safe voltage, has protected the life security of people (other animal) for this reason.7 is switch among Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the delta connection schematic diagram.Connect an electric Shock protector 3 between magnetoelectricity alternation generator or every phase line of power transformer secondary side output and electrical network ground wire, working power is connected on the phase line of secondary side outlet (high-voltage fence is through voltage transformer).When people 1 stands on the ground, when touching low pressure, high-voltage fence phase line in the water, the electric current of electrical network phase line flows through human body 1, flows into the earth, process earth connection 2, flows into electric Shock protector 3, get back to generator or Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer one delta connection phase line coil tail shelves, constitute the closed-loop path.Just finish the processing of regulating loop voltage automatically in the moment of switching on, 20 grades of heads of triangle coil are consumed by electric Shock protector 3 shelves tail voltage and the most of voltage of phase line direct-to-ground capacitance voltage.The voltage that people 1 is born is safe voltage, has just protected people 1 life security for this reason.7 is switch among Fig. 3.
When transformer or generator secondary side employing star connection, the impedor of electric Shock protector of the present invention is serially connected between the neutral point and electrical network ground wire of described power network wiring end, if people (or other animal) stands on the ground, touch low pressure in the water, during the high-voltage fence phase line, the electric current of electrical network flows through human body, flow into the earth, through earth connection, flow into the impedor 11 of electric Shock protector, get back to the zero line neutral point and constitute the closed-loop path, the motional impedance device is just finished the consumption of regulating loop voltage and phase line direct-to-ground capacitance automatically in the moment of switching on, making human or animal's voltage on one's body is safe voltage, has guaranteed life security! If zero line falls on the ground, zero line and ground wire closure make the zero line of electric Shock protector fall on the ground testing circuit 15 and produce zero lines and fall on the ground detection signal, and two outlet internal closures that the electric current zero line falls on the ground signal output apparatus 14 are powered the second source feeder ear immediately; On the other hand, impedor sends signal code to current detection circuit 12 when phase line is landed, and current detection circuit 12 makes two outlet internal closure because its input has electric current to flow through, and first power supply side is powered immediately.More than two kinds of situations trip circuit 17, light warning circuit 18 and sound warning circuit 19 are started working.
When transformer or generator secondary side employing delta connection, electric Shock protector of the present invention is connected between electrical network phase line and the electrical network ground wire, after the releasing zero line fell on the ground signal circuit, other course of work was identical with star connection warning operation principle.
It is that the two ends that are attempted by impedor 11 are that the power network wiring end is between zero line side or phase line end and the electrical network ground wire for a lightning arrester 21; when electrical network and transformer neutral point zero line meet powerful thunderstorm hour; lightning arrester 21 can be protected impedor 11 and other power equipment, and it can be introduced the earth to thunder and lightning and eliminate.
Therefore, by using electric Shock protector, can reach such effect: a, electrical network can the breaking out of fire accident when ground short circuit; When b, electrical network phase line shorted to earth electric network from collapsing can not take place cause large area blackout; C, be convenient to not interruption maintenance, guarantee the electrical network normal power supply; D, power grid construction can reduce the distance to the ground and the class of insulation, can save substantial contribution; E, to reduce the people frightened to the psychology of electricity.F, when phase line, electric Shock protector can send that language is informed, the light caution, inform that the electrician comes the in-situ processing fault rapidly when zero line fell on the ground, the electrician does not handle if (determine the time according to the line voltage grade) within a certain period of time, and electric Shock protector just instruction is cut off the electricity supply
The present invention: the advantage of electric Shock protector is: refer to that people or other animal stand on the ground, touch low voltage electric network in the water and high-voltage fence casualty accident can not take place.