CN1769213A - Water influent allocation optimization method in segmental influent and biological denitrification process - Google Patents

Water influent allocation optimization method in segmental influent and biological denitrification process Download PDF

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CN1769213A
CN1769213A CN 200510010329 CN200510010329A CN1769213A CN 1769213 A CN1769213 A CN 1769213A CN 200510010329 CN200510010329 CN 200510010329 CN 200510010329 A CN200510010329 A CN 200510010329A CN 1769213 A CN1769213 A CN 1769213A
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max
flooding velocity
biological denitrification
aerobic
inflow
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CN100336744C (en
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彭永臻
祝贵兵
王淑莹
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing inflow distribution in the process of graded inflow biological denitrification, which relates to a method for optimization operation in the process of graded-inflow biological denitrification. For solving the inflow distribution problem in the prior graded-inflow biological denitrification process, in the invention, the wastewater flows into the anoxic zone of the reactor with graded type, supplies firstly the denitrifying bacteria to generate denitrification reaction, then flows into aerobic zone to generate organic matter degradation and nitration, the anoxia/ aerobic/ anoxia/ aerobic alternative operation structure is formed in spacing along the reactor, the inflow in every section of the reaction tank is distributed by the following formula: Qtotal= lambdamaxnn-1X+ lambdamaxnn-2X + lambdamaxX+ X, among it, lambdamax= 0.31423x- 0.88799. By theoretical analysis and test checking, the invention provides an optimization process for inflow distribution to come up to high total nitrogen clearance. The invention is characterized in that it is simple and is convenient to operate.

Description

The optimization method that flooding velocity distributes in the segmental influent and biological denitrification process
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optimization operation method of segmental influent and biological denitrification technology, particularly the optimization method of segmental influent and biological denitrification technology flooding velocity distribution.
Background technology
Segmental influent and biological denitrification technology is biological denitrification method newly developed in recent years, sees Fig. 1, and it has following advantage:
1. has very high nitrogen removal rate.The theoretical denitrification percent of segmental influent and biological denitrification technology calculates with following formula:
η = ( 1 - α 1 + r ) × 100 % , Wherein α accounts for the per-cent of total inflow for the final stage flooding quantity, and r is a return sludge ratio.Discover by experiment, under the condition of certain water inlet C/N ratio, need not the internal reflux facility and can reach and be higher than 95% nitrogen removal rate.
2. nitrification liquid flows directly into the oxygen-starved area of next section from the aerobic zone of each section, has saved the internal recycle step of traditional biological denitride technology fully, thereby has simplified technical process, easy handling operation and management.
3. sewage directly enters the oxygen-starved area, has farthest made full use of the organic carbon source in the water inlet.
4. muddy water mixed solution experiences anoxic/aerobic/anoxic/aerobic environment indirectly, can suppress hyphomycetic growth and breeding effectively, has prevented the generation of Filamentous Bulking preferably.
5. organic substrates along the pond long uniform distribution, the gap between oxygen supply speed and the oxygen consumption rate has promptly to a certain degree been dwindled in load balancing, helps cutting down the consumption of energy, and can give full play to the degradation function of active sludge microorganism again.
6. the sewage segmentation enters, and has improved the adaptive faculty of reactor to the water quality and quantity impact load.In addition, because the major part of active sludge biological amount is in the front of segmental influent technology several sections, so can reduce active sludge by the danger of washout season at heavy rain.
7. activated sludge concentration is long along the pond in the mixed solution progressively reduces, and it is lower to go out to flow mixed liquid concentration, has alleviated the load of second pond, helps improving the solid-liquid separation effect of second pond.
8. sewage enters and mud is back to head end along the pond segmentation, and the solid retention time of system (SRT) is than the plug-flow system head of same volume.The segmental influent system is increased sludge age not increasing under the situation that reaction tank goes out to flow sludge concentration.
9. the water outlet of anti-nitration reaction directly enters the nitration reaction pond, has replenished nitrated requirement to basicity to a certain extent.
10. be easy to original sewage second-level treatment facility is transformed to reach the purpose of biological denitrificaion.Only need to change sewage into segmentation and enter in the reactor, the one section reaction section that simultaneously sewage is entered changes the anoxic mode into and moves, and other facilities such as grid, preliminary sedimentation tank, second pond, mud backflow facility etc. all need not any change, just can achieve the goal.
Yet because the segmentation of the formation of reactor and sewage is introduced, the optimum design of segmental influent and biological denitrification technology and operation are very tasks of difficulty.The volumetric ratio of oxygen-starved area and aerobic zone, every intersegmental volumetric ratio and the distribution of flooding velocity are the important parameters of segmental influent technological design in each section.Wastewater characteristics, the C/N of particularly intaking seriously affects the design and the operation of technology than (carbon-nitrogen ratio).The distribution of flooding velocity has directly determined water outlet total nitrogen concentration and nitrogen removal rate, and the optimization method of therefore seeking the distribution of segmental influent technology flooding velocity just seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the assignment problem of flooding velocity in the existing segmental influent and biological denitrification technology, the invention provides the optimization method that flooding velocity distributes in a kind of segmental influent and biological denitrification process, it is achieved in that sewage enters in the oxygen-starved area of reactor with the sectional form, the preferential denitrifying bacteria of supplying with carries out anti-nitration reaction, and then enter aerobic zone and carry out organic degraded and nitration reaction, spatially constituted anoxic/aerobic/anoxic/aerobic alternate run structure along reactor, the flooding velocity of each section distributes according to following formula in the reaction tank: Q Always=λ Max N-1X+ λ Max N-2X+ ... + λ MaxX+X, wherein λ Max=0.31423x-0.88799 is in the formula: Q AlwaysBe total flooding velocity, n is a hop count, λ MaxBe peak flow ratio, X is the flooding velocity of final stage, and x is water inlet C/N ratio.
The method that the present invention adopts the sewage segmentation to enter, the nitrite or nitrate that organic carbon source in the oxygen-starved area in the denitrifying bacteria utilization water inlet is brought the preceding paragraph or returned sluge into as electron acceptor(EA) carries out anti-nitration reaction with denitrogenation, organic carbon source in the degraded water inlet simultaneously, sewage enters aerobic nitrification district thereafter behind the oxygen-starved area.Because part even whole organic carbon sources are utilized by anti-nitration reaction in the oxygen-starved area, so the nitration reaction of aerobic zone can keep higher speed of reaction.Nitrite and nitrate that nitration reaction generates are fallen by the denitrifying bacteria denitrification in the oxygen-starved area of next section, consume the organic carbon source in the water inlet simultaneously.In the end the muddy water mixed solution in one section the aerobic zone enters second pond and carries out mud-water separation.Mixed solution enters behind the second pond owing to the gravity reason, and mud sinks to the bottom, is back to the reactor head end through sludge reflux pump, has guaranteed the concentration of biomass in the reactor.The part excess sludge is discharged from the second pond bottom, has guaranteed the balance of microbial biomass in the entire treatment system.Supernatant liquor discharges through water outlet by V-notch weir, thereby reaches the purpose of sewage purification and biological denitrificaion.When each section complete reaction, the water outlet total nitrogen is only produced by the final stage water inlet.The dissolved oxygen concentration of reply aerobic zone end is controlled, and generally remains on 2mg/L and gets final product, and can produce adverse influence to anti-nitration reaction otherwise too high residue dissolved oxygen enters into the oxygen-starved area of next section, and the part organic carbon source is removed by aerobic ground.
Adopt biological method to carry out denitrogenation and comprise nitration reaction and two steps of anti-nitration reaction.Nitration reaction is the process that ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen, and it comprises two primitive reaction steps: by the reaction that ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrite of Nitrosomas (Nitrosomonas) participation; The reaction that nitrite is converted into nitrate by Nitromonas (Nitrobacter) participation.Anti-nitration reaction is the process that the nitrate that will generate in the nitrifying process and nitrite are reduced into nitrogen.Denitrifying bacteria utilizes various organic substrates as electron donor in the denitrification process, carries out Anaerobic respiration with nitrate as electron acceptor(EA).
In segmental influent and biological denitrification technology, the needed organic substrate of the complete denitrification of nitrate amount that each section nitration reaction is produced is provided by next section water inlet.Therefore technology reaches the highest denitrification percent and should satisfy following two aspects:
1. the nitrate that produces fully of the preceding paragraph nitration reaction falls at the complete denitrification of next section quilt, does not promptly produce the accumulation of nitrate;
2. the flooding velocity minimum of final stage.
According to above-mentioned 2 points, certainly exist a peak flow ratio λ in that technology last two is intersegmental MaxThe nitrate that the preceding paragraph nitration reaction is generated is fallen by complete denitrification, and final stage flooding velocity minimum.In like manner, in first and second section, between third and fourth section or the like, also there is a peak flow ratio (λ in second and third section 1, λ 2, λ 3...) make nitrate-free accumulation in the oxygen-starved area, and back one section flooding quantity minimum.Like this, in one four sections or five segment process, just there is the ratio of three to four flows.If investigate the maximum value of these several flow ratios respectively, its work is undoubtedly loaded down with trivial details.In theory, if each section nitration reaction is all carried out fully, these several ratios should equate.But in segmental influent technology, mud is back to head end and the sewage segmentation enters, and produces the Gradient distribution of sludge concentration.Because the difference of sludge concentration, the assimilation of each section are also different, the consequence of generation is first and second intersegmental flow ratio λ 1Greater than second and third intersegmental flow ratio λ 2, and second and third intersegmental flow ratio λ 2Again greater than third and fourth intersegmental flow ratio λ 3Or the like.But the numerical value of these flow ratios all should be a bit larger tham λ Max, particularly work as λ MaxBe worth when higher.Consider that from the angle of system optimized operation, convenient operation and management and control automatically adopting unified flow ratio is a kind of preferable optional operating scheme.
Flow ratio λ MaxBe that C/N by water inlet determines that than institute its numerical value can be tried to achieve by experiment, and under the condition of a certain C/N ratio of intaking, λ MaxNumerical value be unique.λ under the condition that is determined by experiment different C/N ratios MaxBehind the numerical value, the relation of C/N than the maximum flooding velocity partition ratio that can reach with technology can obtain to intake.The present invention has drawn following relation (Fig. 2) by experiment:
λ Max=0.31423x-0.88799, R=0.99975, N=13, wherein: x is water inlet C/N ratio, and R is a linear regression coeffficient, and N is the sampling point number.
Determine λ MaxAfter can determine that the flooding velocity of each section distributes by following formula.
Q Always=λ Max N-1X+ λ Max N-2X+ ... + λ MaxX+X (n is a hop count, and X is the flooding velocity of final stage).
The present invention is by theoretical analysis and verification experimental verification, and the optimization method that a kind of assignment of traffic is provided is to reach higher nitrogen removal rate and easier process operating management.Drawn peak flow ratio, COD and ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen removal rate that different water inlet C/N can reach than technology under the condition by experiment, for practical application provides technical support, have simple, controllability is high, the characteristics of convenient operation and management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is typical segmental influent and biological denitrification process flow diagram, and wherein AX represents anoxic pond, and OX represents Aerobic Pond, and SC represents second pond; Fig. 2 is the flooding velocity partition ratio and the graph of a relation of water inlet C/N ratio.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is achieved in that sewage enters in the oxygen-starved area of reactor with the sectional form, the preferential denitrifying bacteria of supplying with carries out anti-nitration reaction, and then enter aerobic zone and carry out organic degraded and nitration reaction, spatially constituted anoxic/aerobic/anoxic/aerobic alternate run structure along reactor, the flooding velocity of each section distributes according to following formula in the reaction tank: Q Always=λ Max N-1X+ λ Max N-2X+ ... + λ MaxX+X is in the formula: Q AlwaysBe total flooding velocity, n is a hop count, λ MaxBe peak flow ratio, X is the flooding velocity of final stage; λ wherein Max=0.31423x-0.88799 (x is water inlet C/N ratio).
In segmental influent and biological denitrification process, an every peak flow ratio of adjacent two intersegmental existence λ MaxThe nitrate of the nitrated generation of the preceding paragraph is fallen and back section flooding velocity minimum at the complete denitrification of next section quilt.
In segmental influent and biological denitrification process, the nitrate of the complete nitrated generation of the preceding paragraph falls at the complete denitrification of next section quilt, does not promptly produce the accumulation of nitrate and the flooding velocity X minimum of final stage.
In segmental influent and biological denitrification process, adopt the unified flow ratio should be with last two intersegmental peak flow ratio λ MaxBe as the criterion.
Embodiment two: implementation process of the present invention is fairly simple.In implementation process, can be determined by experiment last two intersegmental peak flow ratio coefficient λ earlier, then this ratio is applied in other section.Under the certain situation of total flooding velocity Q, the flooding velocity of setting final stage is X, following relation (is example with four segment process) is arranged: Q=λ 3X+ λ 2X+ λ X+X.According to this formula, can draw the flooding velocity of each section.
Present embodiment is with beer waste water, NH 4Cl, MgSO 4, CaCl 2, KH 2PO 4And NaHCO 3The simulated domestic wastewater of preparing with tap water is a research object, and the segmental influent and biological denitrification technology has been carried out experimental study work.The technology operating parameter is: adopt the segmental influent technology of four-section water-feeding, and reactor volume 80L, second pond volume 30L, total flooding velocity 240L/d, sludge age is 18 days.
Test has been finished water inlet C/N ratio and has been respectively under 4.48,5.3,5.9,6.8,7.625,8.25,9.13,10.05,10.75,11.68,12.4,14 and 15.5 (the water inlet total nitrogen concentration is 42mg/L) condition, investigate peak flow ratio coefficient, water outlet total nitrogen concentration and nitrogen removal rate that technology can reach, list in table 1.
Table 1
The C/N ratio λ Water outlet total nitrogen concentration (mg/L) COD clearance (%) Ammonia nitrogen removal frank (%) Nitrogen removal rate (%)
4.48 5.3 5.9 6.8 7.625 8.25 9.13 10.05 10.75 11.68 12.4 14 15.5 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.50 4.00 12.95 9.241 6.600 4.455 2.920 2.200 1.677 1.200 0.970 0.787 0.556 0.387 0.287 95 93 95 94 93 95 93 92 92 94 93 91 93 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 69.17 78.00 84.29 89.39 93.05 94.76 96.01 97.14 97.69 98.13 98.68 99.08 99.32
As can be seen from the above table, under the condition of no internal recycle, segmental influent and biological denitrification technology is handled the chemical oxygen demand COD of back water outlet under the condition of certain water inlet C/N ratio CrClearance reaches 90～95%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank all reaches 100%, is higher than 95% nitrogen removal rate at water inlet C/N than being higher than can reach under 9 the condition.
If adopt the method for traditional equal proportion water inlet, C/N than equal 6 and greater than 6 condition under, can satisfy the abundance of every section denitrifying carbon source, the clearance that calculates according to formula only is 83.33%, and irrelevant with water inlet C/N ratio, so just limited the performance of the advantage of segmental influent technology, do not reach the optimization operation of technology, with at C/N than being that accessible 95% nitrogen removal rate greatly differs from each other under 9 the condition, embodied advantage of the present invention more.
Embodiment three: present embodiment as process object, has been carried out verification experimental verification to applicability of the present invention and implementation with Harbin Industry University 2ed School District biotope sewage, and has obtained gratifying effect.Sanitary sewage C/N changes not quite than ratio in the sub-district, between 7.25～9.1, in implementation process, raw water quality is measured its C/N ratio earlier, and the flow ratio coefficient lambda is determined according to last table in the back.In reaching trimestral process of the test, nitrogen removal rate remains on more than 92.5% always, has reached stronger denitrification efficiency and operating performance, has proved that further the present invention has very strong applicability and implementation.The present invention has simplified the operational management of technology by introducing the flow ratio coefficient, and provides of paramount importance controlled variable for the intelligent control of segmental influent and biological denitrification technology.

Claims (3)

1, the optimization method that flooding velocity distributes in the segmental influent and biological denitrification process, sewage enters in the oxygen-starved area of reactor with the sectional form, the preferential denitrifying bacteria of supplying with carries out anti-nitration reaction, and then enter aerobic zone and carry out organic degraded and nitration reaction, spatially constituted anoxic/aerobic/anoxic/aerobic alternate run structure along reactor, it is characterized in that the flooding velocity of each section distributes according to following formula in the reaction tank: Q Always=λ Max N-1X+ λ Max N-2X+ ... + λ MaxX+X, wherein λ Max=0.31423x-0.88799 is in the formula: Q AlwaysBe total flooding velocity, n is a hop count, λ MaxBe peak flow ratio, X is the flooding velocity of final stage, and x is water inlet C/N ratio.
2, the optimization method that flooding velocity distributes in the segmental influent and biological denitrification process according to claim 1 is characterized in that in segmental influent and biological denitrification process, an every peak flow ratio of adjacent two intersegmental existence λ MaxThe nitrate of the nitrated generation of the preceding paragraph is fallen and back section flooding velocity minimum at the complete denitrification of next section quilt.
3, the optimization method that flooding velocity distributes in the segmental influent and biological denitrification process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in segmental influent and biological denitrification process, the nitrate of the complete nitrated generation of the preceding paragraph falls at the complete denitrification of next section quilt, does not promptly produce the accumulation of nitrate and the flooding velocity X minimum of final stage.
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CN101767916B (en) * 2010-02-01 2012-07-04 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院 Method for reasonably optimizing and distributing carbon source in treatment of refractory wastewater
CN103896398A (en) * 2014-03-27 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 Device and method for strengthening multistage A/O process biological nitrogen removal
CN103896400A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 Flow distribution method for enhancing nitrogen removal by using step-feed A/O biological membrane
CN103896400B (en) * 2014-04-01 2015-08-05 北京工业大学 A kind of flow allocation method of subsection water inflow A/O biomembrane process strengthened denitrification
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