CN110372155B - Sewage plant - Google Patents
Sewage plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN110372155B CN110372155B CN201910723267.6A CN201910723267A CN110372155B CN 110372155 B CN110372155 B CN 110372155B CN 201910723267 A CN201910723267 A CN 201910723267A CN 110372155 B CN110372155 B CN 110372155B
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a sewage plant. The sewage plant comprises a pretreatment unit (1) and a biological treatment unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein the biological treatment unit comprises: the sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic tank (21), an anoxic tank (22), an aerobic tank (23) and a secondary sedimentation tank (7) which are sequentially communicated, wherein pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is introduced into the anaerobic tank (21), the anoxic tank (22) and the aerobic tank (23) in a controlled manner through a multi-point water inlet channel (5), the sewage plant is provided with a dry season operation mode and a rainy season operation mode, and the pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is only introduced into the anaerobic tank through the multi-point water inlet channel in the dry season operation mode; under the rainy season operation mode, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit is simultaneously introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank through the multi-point water inlet channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage plant.
Background
In recent years, the sewage treatment rate of many cities in China is greatly improved, but the urban water environment quality is not obviously improved as a whole. For example, the treatment rate of Beijing urban sewage is improved from 20% in 90 s to 94% in 2009, but the pollution problem of urban river and lake water is not thoroughly solved from the water quality data published in Beijing urban water resource publication, and the proportion of water with poor water quality is even in a trend of increasing.
Referring to fig. 1, in the prior art, a sewage plant has only one operation mode, and the same operation mode is adopted for a rainy season (typically summer season, e.g., 5-10 months per year) and a dry season (e.g., winter season, etc.). That is, only peak dry season flow is considered when designing a sewage plant. And there is no consideration for a great amount of rainfall in the rainy season. During rainfall, the sewage plant directly solves the water quantity exceeding the peak flow value of the dry season in an overflow mode.
Thus, the initial rainwater becomes an important pollution source of the water body. The initial runoff formed by the initial rainwater flushes the river channel and the pipe network to carry a large amount of pollutants, the concentration of the pollutants is similar to the water quality of the inflow water of the urban sewage plant, and certain index concentrations even exceed the water quality of the inflow water in dry seasons. The water pollution is aggravated by the water quantity exceeding the peak flow of dry seasons or by directly draining the initial rainwater into the water body (river, lake, etc.) by means of overflow. In addition, if the peak flow rate in rainy season of large flow rate directly impacts the biological treatment unit (such as anaerobic tank, aerobic tank, secondary sedimentation tank, etc.), the sludge in the biological treatment unit is severely disturbed, and the treatment effect of the biological treatment system is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sewage plant which overcomes or at least alleviates at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sewage plant (also referred to as a sewage treatment plant) including a pretreatment unit, a biological treatment unit, and a secondary sedimentation tank, which are sequentially disposed in communication, the biological treatment unit including: the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank which are sequentially communicated, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit is introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and/or the aerobic tank in a controlled manner through a multi-point water inlet channel,
the sewage plant further comprises a mixed liquor reflux channel, the mixed liquor reflux channel is communicated with the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank and used for refluxing mixed liquor in the aerobic tank to the anoxic tank, the mixed liquor reflux channel is provided with a mixed liquor reflux pump, the mixed liquor reflux pump is a controllable regulating pump, and the controllable regulating pump refers to a pump with controllable flow. The mixed liquor reflux pump can provide pumping force to realize or promote pumping of mixed liquor.
The sewage plant further comprises a sludge reflux channel, wherein the sludge reflux channel is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank and the anaerobic tank and is used for refluxing sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank to the anaerobic tank, the sludge reflux channel is provided with a sludge reflux pump, and the sludge reflux pump is a controllable regulating pump. The sludge reflux pump can provide pumping force to realize or promote the pumping of sludge.
The sewage plant is provided with a dry season operation mode and a rainy season operation mode, the dry season peak flow V1 = K1-V0 in the dry season operation mode, the rainy season peak flow V2 = K2-V0 in the rainy season operation mode, wherein V0 is the annual average water inflow, K1 and K2 are set coefficients, and K2 is more than K1,
the maximum pumping capacity P1> =max of the mixed liquor reflux pump, wherein max is a maximum function, m1 is a dry season mixed liquor reflux ratio, m2 is a rainy season mixed liquor reflux ratio,
the maximum pumping capacity P2> =max of the sludge reflux pump, wherein n1 is the dry season sludge reflux ratio, n2 is the rainy season sludge reflux ratio, n1> n2,
under the dry season operation mode, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit is only introduced into the anaerobic tank through the multipoint water inlet channel;
under the rainy season operation mode, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit is simultaneously introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank through the multi-point water inlet channel.
Preferably, the reflux ratio m1 of the dry season mixed liquor is in the range of 250-400%;
the reflux ratio m2 of the mixed liquor in the rainy season is set to be within the range of 100-250%, and when the inflow rate > =85% -V2, the reflux ratio m2 of the mixed liquor in the rainy season is set to be within the range of 100-150%;
the dry season sludge reflux ratio n1 takes the value within the range of 100-200%;
the sludge reflux ratio n2 in the rainy season is a value in the range of 50-100%, and when the inflow rate > =85% ×v2, the sludge reflux ratio n2 is set in the range of 55% -65%. For example, when the inflow rate > =85% ×v2, the sludge recirculation ratio n2 is set to 60%.
Preferably, when the real-time inflow rate of the sewage plant > =80% > V2, or when the real-time inflow rate of the sewage plant > =v1, the pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit is simultaneously introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank through the multi-point water inlet channel, wherein the water amount entering the anaerobic tank accounts for 10-30%, the water amount entering the anoxic tank accounts for 30-50%, and the water amount entering the aerobic tank accounts for 40%.
Preferably, a liquid level or flow monitoring device is arranged at the upstream of the pretreatment unit, and when the liquid level or flow monitored by the liquid level or flow monitoring device rises to or exceeds a set threshold value, the mixed liquid reflux ratio and the sludge reflux ratio of the sewage plant are automatically or manually changed through a sewage plant alarm and control system.
Preferably, the aeration system supplies air to the aerobic tank in an air flow adjustable mode, and reduces the air supply amount to the aerobic tank after the water inflow exceeds the peak flow V1 in dry seasons for a set period of time.
Preferably, in the dry season operation mode, the mixed liquor concentration MLSS of the aerobic tank 2 3-4g/L is adopted;
in the rainy season operation mode, the mixed solution concentration MLSS of the aerobic tank 1 2-3g/L is adopted;
after the inflow water flow exceeds the peak value flow V1 of the dry season for a set period of time, the mixed solution concentration MLSS in the dry season operation mode is obtained 2 And (5) switching to the concentration of the mixed solution in the rainy season operation mode.
Preferably, the secondary sedimentation tank surface load adopts a dry season flow surface load design and adopts rainy season flow surface load check.
Preferably, the surface area S of the secondary sedimentation tank is calculated in the following way:
S＝max(S 1 ，S 2 )
max is a maximum function
S 1 ＝V1/Q 1 V1 is peak flow in winter, Q 1 For surface hydraulic load during winter operation, S 2 ＝V2/Q 2 V2 is peak summer flow, Q 2 For the surface hydraulic load during summer operation,
Q 1 ＝C*H*SQRT(SS)/(MLSS 1 *SVI 1 *(1+R 1 ))
Q 2 ＝C*H*SQRT(SS)/(MLSS 2 *SVI 2 *(1+R 2 ))
wherein,
c is a set constant, the value of C is set in the range of 51.5-61.5,
h is the preset water depth of the secondary sedimentation tank, H is more than 3.5 meters,
MLSS 1 for the sludge concentration of the aeration tank during winter operation,
SQRT means the square root function is taken,
SS is the suspended particle concentration requirement for the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank,
SVI 1 for the sludge volume index during winter operation,
R 1 r is the sludge reflux ratio in winter operation 1 In the range of 100% -200%,
MLSS 2 is the sludge concentration of the aeration tank in summer operation, wherein MLSS 2 <MLSS 1
SVI 2 Is the volume index of the sludge in summer operation,
R 2 r is the sludge reflux ratio in summer operation 2 In the range of 50% -100%,
preferably, SVI 1 ＝a-b*T 1 ；SVI 2 ＝a-b*T 2 。
a and b are predetermined constants, a is in the range of 210 to 230, b is in the range of 5.5 to 5.6,
T 1 designing the operation minimum temperature for the secondary sedimentation tank in winter;
T 2 the operation minimum temperature is designed for the secondary sedimentation tank in summer.
Preferably, in the rainy season operation mode, in the initial rainwater stage (for example, the inflow rate reaches 80% V2 for the first time), if the effluent quality exceeds 15%, an auxiliary secondary sedimentation tank is provided, and the auxiliary secondary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank operate in parallel.
The sewage plant of the present invention has a multi-point water inlet passage which is introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank in a controlled manner so that the inlet water can be selectively introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank; in addition, the sludge reflux pump and the mixed liquor reflux pump in the sewage plant are controllable regulating pumps, and the flow rate of the pump can be set according to specific conditions such as water inflow. Therefore, the sewage plant can set different working modes for the dry season and the rainy season, and can effectively treat the initial rainwater in the rainy season.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art sewage plant.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sewage plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
| 1 | pretreatment unit | 21 | Anaerobic tank |
| 3 | Mixed liquid return channel | 22 | Anoxic tank |
| 4 | Sludge return channel | 23 | Aerobic tank |
| 5 | Multi-point water inlet channel | 31 | Mixed liquid reflux pump |
| 6 | Aeration system | 41 | Sludge reflux pump |
| 7 | Secondary sedimentation tank | 61 | Air valve |
Detailed Description
In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals are used to denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the sewage plant according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a pretreatment unit 1, a biological treatment unit, and a secondary sedimentation tank 7, which are sequentially connected. That is, the pretreatment unit 1 is disposed upstream of the biological treatment unit, and the secondary sedimentation tank 7 is disposed downstream of the biological treatment unit.
The biological treatment unit comprises an anaerobic tank 21, an anoxic tank 22 and an aerobic tank 23 which are sequentially communicated. Thus, the sewage from the pretreatment unit 1 can flow through the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22, and the aerobic tank 23 in this order. The downstream of the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank can be further provided with a deep treatment unit, so that the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank can be subjected to deep treatment, and the treatment performance of a sewage plant is further improved.
The pretreatment unit 1 includes, for example, a coarse grid, a lift pump station, a fine grid, a grit chamber, a primary sedimentation chamber, and the like, which are sequentially arranged.
The pretreated sewage after being treated by the pretreatment unit 1 is led into an anaerobic tank 21, an anoxic tank 22 and/or an aerobic tank 23 in a controlled manner through a multi-point water inlet channel 5. For example, the water supply from the multipoint water inlet passage 5 to the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22, and the aerobic tank 23 is controlled according to the change of the water inflow. In dry seasons, the multipoint water inlet passage 5 is typically provided to supply water only to the anaerobic tank 2.
The inlet of the multipoint water inlet channel 5 is connected with the outlet of the pretreatment unit 1. The multi-point water inlet channel 5 is provided with three outlet channels which are respectively communicated with the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22 and the aerobic tank 23. In one embodiment, controllable channel valves are provided on all three outlet channels. Thus, sewage is selectively introduced into the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22 and the aerobic tank 23 through the multi-point water inlet passage 5 in a controlled manner.
The biological treatment unit adopts A 2 And (3) an O process technology. Each section of the anaerobic tank, anoxic tank and aerobic tank can be designed as a fully mixed, plug flow or combined type. And (3) refluxing the nitrifying mixed solution from the tail end of the aerobic tank to the anoxic tank for denitrification, wherein the reflux ratio of the mixed solution is set according to the requirement. The returned sludge enters an anaerobic tank, and the sludge return ratio is set according to the requirement.
A third stage treatment can be arranged at the downstream of the secondary sedimentation tank, wherein the third stage treatment is advanced treatment, such as coagulation, filtration and other processes.
The pretreatment unit 1, the biochemical treatment unit, the secondary sedimentation tank and/or the subsequent advanced treatment unit are arranged according to the peak flow of the dry season and the peak flow of the rainy season, and simultaneously meet the requirements of the peak flow of the dry season and the peak flow of the rainy season. Instead of setting the preprocessing unit 1 and/or the subsequent advanced processing unit according to peak dry season flow as in the comparative technique; the biochemical treatment unit and the secondary sedimentation tank adopt annual average flow design. Thereby greatly improving the overall treatment capacity of the whole sewage plant. Eliminating the processing bottleneck brought by the biochemical processing unit and the secondary sedimentation tank.
The sewage plant further comprises a mixed liquor reflux channel 3, wherein the mixed liquor reflux channel 3 is communicated with the aerobic tank 23 and the anoxic tank 22 and is used for refluxing mixed liquor in the aerobic tank 23 to the anoxic tank 22, the mixed liquor reflux channel 3 is provided with a mixed liquor reflux pump 31, and the mixed liquor reflux pump 31 is a controllable regulating pump. A controllably adjustable pump refers to a pump with a controllably adjustable flow. For example, the flow or suction power of the controllably adjustable pump may be adjusted in response to a command or control signal. The mixing fluid channel 4 may take any suitable form, but its throughflow capacity is required to meet the requirements of maximum reflux capacity of the mixing fluid.
The sewage plant further comprises a sludge reflux channel 4, wherein the sludge reflux channel 4 is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank 7 and the anaerobic tank 21 and is used for refluxing sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank 7 to the anaerobic tank 21, the sludge reflux channel 4 is provided with a sludge reflux pump 41, and the sludge reflux pump 41 is a controllable regulating pump. The sludge return channel 4 may take any suitable form, but its through-flow capacity needs to meet the requirements of maximum sludge return capacity.
The sewage plant has a dry season (e.g., winter) mode of operation and a rainy season (e.g., summer) mode of operation. Dry season peak flow v1=k1×v0 in dry season operation mode, and rainseason peak flow v2=k2×v0 in rainseason operation mode, wherein V0 is annual average inflow flow, K1 and K2 are set coefficients, and K2> K1. The peak flow V1 in dry season is mainly the peak flow of domestic sewage, medical sewage, production sewage and the like discharged through the sewage pipe network. The peak flow V2 in the rainy season includes, in addition to artificially generated sewage, sewage generated by rainfall (rainwater flowing into a sewage pipe network). K1 and K2 are determined according to sewage conditions, rainfall conditions, sewage treatment capacity requirements and the like of the area where the sewage plant is located. For example, K1 is 1.5; k2 is 3.
Annual average inflow is, for example, the design annual treatment capacity of a sewage plant, for example in tons/year. Peak dry season flow refers to 80% quantiles of all flows, e.g. m 3 And/h. Peak flow in rainy season means 95% quantile of all flows, for example, m 3 /h。
It is understood that the treated water amount of each working section, the pipe diameter of the pipeline and the like are suitable for peak flow V2 in rainy season.
The maximum pumping capacity P1> =max (m 1×v1, m2×v2) of the mixed liquor reflux pump 31, where max is a maximum function, m1 is a dry mixed liquor reflux ratio, m2 is a rainy mixed liquor reflux ratio, and typically the dry mixed liquor reflux ratio and the rainy mixed liquor reflux ratio are set to different values. Typically m1> m2.
The maximum pumping capacity P2> =max (n 1×v1, n2×v2) of the sludge recirculation pump 41, where n1 is a dry season sludge recirculation ratio, and n2 is a rainy season sludge recirculation ratio, and n1> n2.
In the dry season operation mode, the pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit 1 is only introduced into the anaerobic tank 21 through the multipoint water inlet channel 5;
in the rainy season operation mode, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit 1 is simultaneously introduced into the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22 and the aerobic tank 23 through the multi-point water inlet channel 5.
The sewage plant of the present invention has a multi-point water inlet passage which is introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank in a controlled manner so that the inlet water can be selectively introduced into the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank; in addition, the sludge reflux pump and the mixed liquor reflux pump in the sewage plant are controllable regulating pumps, and the flow rate of the pump can be set according to specific conditions such as water inflow. Therefore, the sewage plant can set different working modes for the dry season and the rainy season, and can effectively treat the initial rainwater in the rainy season.
The inventors of the present invention noted that: with the arrival of rainy seasons of 5-10 months each year, the amount of water entering a sewage plant is obviously increased, and various pollutant concentrations are commonly diluted. Within weeks of the onset of rainfall, the sewage concentration begins to rise (scouring of the contaminants deposited in the sewer pipes) and then the contaminant concentration is reduced to a different extent for several months (a reduction amplitude of around 30-50%). The prior sewage plant does not consider the impact water quantity, so that a large amount of rain sewage is directly discharged outside without being metered and treated by the sewage plant, and the environment is polluted.
After the initial rainwater, the sewage plant is switched to a rainy season operation mode so as to adapt to the characteristics of large flow and diluted pollutant concentration in the rainy season.
The values of the dry season mixed liquor reflux ratio m1 and the rainseason mixed liquor reflux ratio m2 can be set according to the needs. In one embodiment, dry season blend reflux ratio m1 takes a value in the range of 250-400%. The reflux ratio m2 of the mixed liquid in the rainy season is set to be within the range of 100-250%, and when the inflow rate > =85% ×v2, the reflux ratio m2 of the mixed liquid in the rainy season is set to be within the range of 100-150%.
The values of the dry season sludge reflux ratio n1 and the rain Ji Wuni reflux ratio n2 can be set as required. In one embodiment, the dry season sludge reflux ratio n1 takes a value in the range of 100-200%; the sludge reflux ratio n2 in the rainy season is a value in the range of 50-100%, and when the inflow rate > =85% ×v2, the sludge reflux ratio n2 is set in the range of 55% -65%. For example, when the inflow rate > =85% ×v2, the sludge recirculation ratio n2 is set to 60%.
In one embodiment, when the real-time inflow rate of the sewage plant > =80% > V2, or when the real-time inflow rate of the sewage plant > =v1, the pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit 1 is simultaneously introduced into the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22 and the aerobic tank 23 through the multi-point water inlet channel 5, wherein the water volume entering the anaerobic tank 21 accounts for 10-30%, the water volume entering the anoxic tank 22 accounts for 30-50%, and the water volume entering the aerobic tank 23 accounts for 40%. Thus, the sewage entering the biological treatment unit is appropriately distributed, and disturbance to the sludge in the anaerobic tank 21, the anoxic tank 22, and the aerobic tank 23 is reduced. Improving the processing performance of the biological processing unit.
For flow monitoring or rainfall monitoring, a liquid level or flow monitoring device is preferably arranged upstream of the pretreatment unit 1. When the liquid level or flow rate monitored by the liquid level or flow rate monitoring device rises to or exceeds a set threshold value, the mixed liquid reflux ratio and the sludge reflux ratio of the sewage plant are automatically or manually changed through the sewage plant alarm and control system. The sewage plant alarm and control system may be an integral part of the overall control system of the whole sewage plant or integrated in the overall control system of the whole sewage plant.
The aeration system 6 supplies air to the aerobic tank 23 in an air flow rate-adjustable manner, and after the inflow water flow rate exceeds the peak flow rate V1 in the dry season for a set period of time (for example, for 3 hours, 6 hours; or for 12 hours or 24 hours cumulatively within 3 days), the amount of air supplied to the aerobic tank 23 is reduced, and the air supply mode is switched to a decrement air supply mode. In the illustrated embodiment, the aeration system 8 supplies air to the aerobic tank 23 via three air supply lines with air valves 61. In the normal working mode, three air supply pipelines are simultaneously opened to supply air to the aerobic tank 23. In the decrement air supply mode, only two or one air supply pipeline is opened to supply air to the aerobic tank 23. Advantageously, the air valves 61 on the three air supply lines are all solenoid valves. In an alternative embodiment, two of the three solenoid valves are simple on-off valves having only two states, fully open and fully closed. The other of the three solenoid valves is a proportional valve, and the opening degree of the proportional valve is controllable. Thus, the actual air supply amount of the aeration system 8 to the aerobic tank 23 can be adjusted according to the factors such as the inflow rate, the inflow component, the temperature and the like.
The concentration of the mixed solution in the aerobic tank 23 can be set as required. Advantageously, different mixed liquor concentrations are set in the rainy and dry season modes of operation. In the rainy season mode of operation, a lower mixed liquor concentration is employed. In one embodiment, in the rainy season operation mode, the mixed liquor concentration MLSS of the aerobic tank 23 1 2-3g/L is adopted; in the dry season operation mode, the mixed solution concentration MLSS of the aerobic tank 23 2 3-4g/L is used. In one embodiment, after the inflow water flow exceeds the peak dry season flow V1 for a set period of time, the mixed liquor concentration MLSS in the dry season operation mode is determined 2 And (5) switching to the concentration of the mixed solution in the rainy season operation mode.
In order to cope with peak flow in rainy seasons, the secondary sedimentation tank of the sewage plant is required to have proper treatment capacity. In one embodiment, the secondary sedimentation tank surface load is designed by adopting a dry season flow surface load design and is checked by adopting a rainy season flow surface load.
Specifically, the surface area S of the secondary sedimentation tank is calculated by the following method:
S＝max(S 1 ，S 2 )
max is a maximum function
S 1 ＝V1/Q 1 V1 is peak flow in winter, Q 1 For surface hydraulic load during winter operation, S 2 ＝V2/Q 2 V2 is peak summer flow, Q 2 For the surface hydraulic load during summer operation,
Q 1 ＝C*H*SQRT(SS)/(MLSS 1 *SVI 1 *(1+R 1 ))
Q 2 ＝C*H*SQRT(SS)/(MLSS 2 *SVI 2 *(1+R 2 ))。
wherein,
c is a set constant, the value of C is set in the range of 51.5-61.5,
h is a preset secondary sedimentation tank water depth, H > =3.5 meters, for example, preset to 4.0 meters,
MLSS 1 for the sludge concentration of the aeration tank during winter operation,
SQRT means the square root function is taken,
SS is the suspended particle concentration requirement for the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank,
SVI 1 for the sludge volume index during winter operation,
R 1 r is the sludge reflux ratio in winter operation 1 In the range of 100% -200%.
MLSS 2 Is the sludge concentration of the aeration tank in summer operation, wherein MLSS 2 <MLSS 1 The aeration tank sludge concentration in summer operation is lower than that in winter, thereby providing more sludge in winter, and thus being suitable for lower sludge activity in winter. In addition, the impact of transient peak flow impact is reduced. By making twoSludge is discharged from the sedimentation tank, or the sludge reflux ratio is reduced, so that the sludge concentration of the aeration tank can be reduced. The sludge concentration of the aeration tank can be increased by reducing the sludge discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank or increasing the sludge reflux ratio.
SVI 2 Is the sludge volume index during summer operation.
R 2 R is the sludge reflux ratio in summer operation 2 In the range of 50% -100%.
Preferably, SVI 1 ＝a-b*T 1 ；SVI 2 ＝a-b*T 2 。
a and b are predetermined constants, a is in the range of 210 to 230, b is in the range of 5.5 to 5.6,
T 1 designing the operation minimum temperature for the secondary sedimentation tank in winter;
T 2 the operation minimum temperature is designed for the secondary sedimentation tank in summer.
Preferably, in the rainy season operation mode, in the initial rainwater stage (for example, the inflow rate reaches 80% V2 for the first time, or exceeds V1), if the effluent quality exceeds 15%, an auxiliary secondary sedimentation tank is provided, and the auxiliary secondary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank are operated in parallel.
The preset secondary sedimentation tank water depth H can be determined according to empirical data. The invention also provides a method for quantitatively determining the preset secondary sedimentation tank water depth H.
Specifically, the secondary sedimentation tank design method further includes an initialization step S0 of determining a preset secondary sedimentation tank water depth H. The initializing step S0 includes:
step S01: determining average annual inflow V 0 (e.g. 15000m 3 /d＝625m 3 /h)；
Step S02: selecting an average surface hydraulic load Q corresponding to an average annual inflow V0 in the range of 0.60m/h-1.5m/h or 0.60m/h-0.7m/h 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the (e.g., Q 0 ＝0.65m/h)
Step S03: calculating the estimated surface area S of the secondary sedimentation tank 0 And diameter D 0 For non-circular secondary sedimentation tanks, diameter D here 0 For equivalent diameter, the same calculation,
S 0 ＝V 0 /Q 0 ；(S 0 ＝625/0.65＝961.5m 2 )
D 0 ＝2*SQRT(S 0 /π) (D 0 ＝35m)。
for example, for square or rectangular secondary sedimentation tanks, the diameter is the equivalent diameter, also calculated using the same method.
Step S04: based on the following table, diameter D is selected and estimated 0 Corresponding estimated water depth H 0 (D 0 =4.5m), the water depth H will be estimated 0 As a preset secondary sedimentation tank water depth H, for the calculation of the surface area S of the secondary sedimentation tank,
| diameter of secondary sedimentation tank | Depth of water |
| 10-19 meters | 3.5 meters |
| 20-30 m | 4 m |
| 30-40 m | 4.5 meters |
| 40 m or more | 5m |
In order to improve the accuracy of calculation, the secondary sedimentation tank design method further includes a water depth checking step S6 of checking the water depth H of the secondary sedimentation tank, and the water depth checking step S6 includes:
step S61: calculating a secondary sedimentation tank diameter D based on the surface area design value S, where the diameter also includes the equivalent diameter;
step S62: checking whether the corresponding relation between the diameter D of the secondary sedimentation tank and the preset water depth H meets the following table,
| diameter of secondary sedimentation tank | Depth of water |
| 10-19 meters | 3.5 meters |
| 20-30 m | 4 m |
| 30-40 m | 4.5 meters |
| 40 m or more | 5m |
Step S63: if not, the preset water depth H is adjusted to correspond to the secondary sedimentation tank diameter D, and the secondary sedimentation tank surface area S is recalculated based on the method described above.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the technical schemes described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some of the technical features may be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a sewage plant, its characterized in that, sewage plant includes pretreatment unit (1), biological treatment unit and the secondary sedimentation tank (7) that communicate in proper order and set up, biological treatment unit includes: the anaerobic tank (21), the anoxic tank (22) and the aerobic tank (23) are sequentially communicated, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is introduced into the anaerobic tank (21), the anoxic tank (22) and/or the aerobic tank (23) in a controlled manner through the multi-point water inlet channel (5),
the sewage plant also comprises a mixed liquor reflux channel (3), the mixed liquor reflux channel (3) is communicated with the aerobic tank (23) and the anoxic tank (22) and is used for refluxing the mixed liquor in the aerobic tank (23) to the anoxic tank (22), the mixed liquor reflux channel (3) is provided with a mixed liquor reflux pump (31), the mixed liquor reflux pump (31) is a controllable regulating pump,
the sewage plant also comprises a sludge reflux channel (4), the sludge reflux channel (4) is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank (7) and the anaerobic tank (21) and is used for refluxing the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank (7) to the anaerobic tank (21), the sludge reflux channel (4) is provided with a sludge reflux pump (41), the sludge reflux pump (41) is a controllable regulating pump,
the sewage plant is provided with a dry season operation mode and a rainy season operation mode, the dry season peak flow V1 = K1-V0 in the dry season operation mode, the rainy season peak flow V2 = K2-V0 in the rainy season operation mode, wherein V0 is the annual average water inflow, K1 and K2 are set coefficients, and K2 is more than K1,
the maximum pumping capacity P1> =max (m 1 x V1, m2 x V2) of the mixed liquor reflux pump (31), wherein max is a maximum function, m1 is a dry season mixed liquor reflux ratio, m2 is a rainy season mixed liquor reflux ratio,
the maximum pumping capacity P2> =max (n 1 x V1, n2 x V2) of the sludge recirculation pump (41), wherein n1 is the dry season sludge recirculation ratio, n2 is the rainy season sludge recirculation ratio, n1> n2,
under the dry season operation mode, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is only introduced into the anaerobic tank (21) through the multi-point water inlet channel (5);
in the rainy season operation mode, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is simultaneously introduced into an anaerobic tank (21), an anoxic tank (22) and an aerobic tank (23) through a multi-point water inlet channel (5),
the surface area S of the secondary sedimentation tank was calculated as follows:
S＝max(S 1 ，S 2 )
max is a maximum function
S 1 ＝V1/Q 1 V1 is peak flow in winter, Q 1 For the surface hydraulic load during winter operation,
S 2 ＝V2/Q 2 v2 is peak summer flow, Q 2 For the surface hydraulic load during summer operation,
Q 1 ＝C*H*SQRT(SS)/(MLSS 1 *SVI 1 *(1+R 1 ))
Q 2 ＝C*H*SQRT(SS)/(MLSS 2 *SVI 2 *(1+R 2 ))
wherein,
c is a set constant, the value of C is set in the range of 51.5-61.5,
h is the preset water depth of the secondary sedimentation tank, H is more than 3.5 meters,
MLSS 1 for the sludge concentration of the aeration tank during winter operation,
SQRT means the square root function is taken,
SS is the suspended particle concentration requirement for the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank,
SVI 1 for the sludge volume index during winter operation,
R 1 r is the sludge reflux ratio in winter operation 1 In the range of 100% -200%,
MLSS 2 is the sludge concentration of the aeration tank in summer operation, wherein MLSS 2 <MLSS 1
SVI 2 Is the volume index of the sludge in summer operation,
R 2 r is the sludge reflux ratio in summer operation 2 In the range of 50% -100%.
2. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment plant is configured to,
the reflux ratio m1 of the dry season mixed liquor is within the range of 250-400 percent;
the reflux ratio m2 of the mixed liquor in the rainy season is set to be within the range of 100-250%, and when the inflow rate > =85% -V2, the reflux ratio m2 of the mixed liquor in the rainy season is set to be within the range of 100-150%;
the dry season sludge reflux ratio n1 takes the value within the range of 100-200%;
the sludge reflux ratio n2 in the rainy season is a value in the range of 50-100%, and when the inflow rate > =85% ×v2, the sludge reflux ratio n2 is set in the range of 55% -65%.
3. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment plant is configured to,
when the real-time inflow rate of the sewage plant is > =80% > V2, or when the real-time inflow rate of the sewage plant is > =v1, pretreated sewage treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is simultaneously introduced into the anaerobic tank (21), the anoxic tank (22) and the aerobic tank (23) through the multi-point water inlet channel (5), wherein the water quantity entering the anaerobic tank (21) accounts for 10-30%, the water quantity entering the anoxic tank (22) accounts for 30-50%, and the water quantity entering the aerobic tank (23) accounts for 40%.
4. A sewage plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a liquid level or flow monitoring device is arranged upstream of the pretreatment unit (1), and when the liquid level or flow detected by the liquid level or flow monitoring device rises to or exceeds a set threshold value, the mixed liquid reflux ratio and the sludge reflux ratio of the sewage plant are automatically or manually changed by a sewage plant alarm and control system.
5. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment plant is configured to,
the aeration system (6) supplies air to the aerobic tank (23) in an air flow adjustable mode, and reduces the air supply amount to the aerobic tank (23) after the water inflow exceeds the peak flow V1 in dry seasons for a set period of time.
6. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 5, wherein the wastewater treatment plant,
in the dry season operation mode, the mixed solution of the aerobic tank (23)Concentration MLSS 2 3-4g/L is adopted;
in the rainy season operation mode, the mixed solution concentration MLSS of the aerobic tank (23) 1 2-3g/L is adopted;
after the inflow water flow exceeds the peak value flow V1 of the dry season for a set period of time, the mixed solution concentration MLSS in the dry season operation mode is obtained 2 And (5) switching to the concentration of the mixed solution in the rainy season operation mode.
7. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment plant is configured to,
the surface load of the secondary sedimentation tank is designed by adopting the dry season flow surface load, and the rainy season flow surface load is adopted for checking.
8. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment plant is configured to,
SVI 1 ＝a-b*T 1
SVI 2 ＝a-b*T 2
a and b are predetermined constants, a is in the range of 210 to 230, b is in the range of 5.5 to 5.6,
T 1 designing the operation minimum temperature for the secondary sedimentation tank in winter;
T 2 the operation minimum temperature is designed for the secondary sedimentation tank in summer.
9. A sewage plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein,
in the rainy season operation mode, in the initial rainwater stage, if the water quality exceeds 15%, an auxiliary secondary sedimentation tank is arranged, and the auxiliary secondary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank operate in parallel.
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