CN1759985A - Method for cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration - Google Patents
Method for cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN1759985A CN1759985A CN 200510030760 CN200510030760A CN1759985A CN 1759985 A CN1759985 A CN 1759985A CN 200510030760 CN200510030760 CN 200510030760 CN 200510030760 A CN200510030760 A CN 200510030760A CN 1759985 A CN1759985 A CN 1759985A
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Abstract
A technology for cutting the brittle material by the cutting diamond tool and circular ultrasonic vibration includes such steps as sticking two piezoelectric ceramics on the vertically intersected two surface of a dual-exciting vibration amplitude change bar, applying a sine voltage to both piezoelectric ceramics to make them extend and shrink for generating bending vibration of said bar, intensifying the bending vibration by said bar, fixing the cutting diamond tool to the top end of said bar, combining the horizontal and vertical bending vibrations to obtain a circular vibration, and fixing said bar to the tool carriage.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the cutting process in a kind of Machining Technology field, specifically, is a kind of method of cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration.
Background technology
Along with the development of Aero-Space, semiconductor and electronic engineering, need the fragile material part of ultra precision cutting processing more and more.And the machining of fragile material is a difficult problem in machining field always, and reason is owing to be easy to crack in the machining zone during fragile material machining, makes the machining surface deterioration, is difficult to realize the ultra precision cutting processing of fragile material.Therefore, searching can realize that the ultra precision cutting processing method of fragile material is to have theory and practical significance.
Find by prior art documents, people such as Ye Bangyan write articles " research that supersonic vibration cutting improves the hard brittle material processability " on " South China Science ﹠ Engineering University's journal " the 5th phase in 1994, this method is ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation to be attached on the diamond cutter fragile material has been carried out machining, this article has been analyzed and has been adopted ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation diamond cutter fragile material to be carried out the effect of machining, analysis result shows: compare with common cutting, cutting force and cutting temperature can fall in ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation diamond cutter cutting fragile material, ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation diamond cutter cutting fragile material pottery, adopting the less amount of feeding and big tool cutting edge angle can obtain 2-5 μ m surface roughness, but will further reduce cutting force and improve fineness, this method is difficult to reach this high requirement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration is proposed, make it on general ultra precision cutting machining tool, can realize the cutting of fragile material plasticity, satisfy pressing in the production reality.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
(1) on two excited vibration luffing bar body orthogonals two sides, sticks piezoelectric ceramic piece;
(2) add 200 volts of sine voltages on these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, these two piezoelectric ceramics take place flexible, pair excited vibration luffing bar bodies vibration that bends like this;
(3) by two excited vibration luffing bars, the flexural vibrations of generation are further increased, reaching diameter is the circular vibration track of 8 μ m;
(4) the fixing two excited vibration luffing boom ends of diamond cutter, it is maximum that vibration reaches at this place;
(5) after the flexural vibrations of level and vertical this both direction are synthetic, on the diamond blade, can obtain the circular vibration track;
(6) two excited vibration luffing bar bodies are fixed on the knife rest by the circular vibration node, and the cutter that is fixed on two excited vibration luffing boom ends is so not only made circular vibration, but also carries out axial feed motion with slide plate, realize ultrasonic wave circular vibration machining.
In the described step (3), flexural vibrations are meant: reach diameter 7 μ m, resonant frequency is the circular vibration track of 18.9kHz..
The present invention is when cutting blade circular vibration maximal rate in the horizontal direction during greater than cutting speed, separate between cutter and smear metal and the workpiece, usually will set processing conditions and satisfy this condition, therefore, the cutting of ultrasonic wave circular vibration is the interrupted cutting process of a kind of periodicity; After each cutting cycle had just begun, circular vibration cutter vibration velocity in vertical direction was less than the smear metal rate of outflow, and it is opposite that direction is flowed out in the frictional force direction between cutter rake face and the smear metal and smear metal, hinders smear metal and flow out; After this, the vibration velocity of circular vibration cutter on circumference is tangential increases gradually, when the vibration velocity of this direction during greater than the smear metal rate of outflow, frictional force direction between cutter rake face and the smear metal is reversed, different during with common cutting and ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation cutting, at this moment the direction of frictional force is identical with smear metal outflow direction, promote smear metal to flow out, caused dorsad cutting force negative value occurs in a cutting cycle, make on average dorsad that cutting force reduces significantly, cutting precision and surface smoothness such as significantly improve at cutting effect.
The present invention characterizes divergence type ultrasonic wave circular vibration working angles by a positive negative pulse stuffing function:
In the formula:
t
b-in a vibrocutting cycle, cut the zero hour
t
iCounter-rotating zero hour takes place in-frictional force direction in each cutting cycle between cutter rake face and the smear metal
t
e-cutting is at the end carved in a vibrocutting cycle
The T-circular vibration cycle
n＝0，1，2……
When h (t)=1, identical when the frictional force direction between cutter rake face and the smear metal and common cutting and common ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation cutting, promptly to flow out direction opposite with smear metal, hinders smear metal and flow out; When h (t)=-1, the frictional force direction between cutting knife rake face and the smear metal is reversed, and is different during with common cutting and common supersonic vibration cutting, and promptly to flow out direction identical with smear metal, promotes smear metal to flow out; H (t)=0 o'clock, cutter separated with workpiece with smear metal, and cutter is in non-cutting state.
H (t) is pressed the Fourier series expansion,
T in the formula
C1=t
i-t
b
t
c2＝t
e-t
i
ω
u-2πf
F-circular vibration frequency
Stalling characteristic in the ultrasonic wave circular vibration working angles and frictional direction reverse speed characterisstic are to cutting will have significant effects to fragile material plasticity.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the ultrasonic wave circular vibration is attached on the diamond cutter, ultrasonic wave circular vibration cutting working method is the same with ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation cutting working method all to have stalling characteristic, different is that ultrasonic wave straight-line oscillation cutting working method only is that the cutter rake face separates with smear metal, and knife face is not separate with workpiece behind the cutter, but, the cutting of ultrasonic wave circular vibration is not only the cutter rake face and is separated with smear metal, and knife face also separates with workpiece behind the cutter, opened " cutting forbidden zone " so up hill and dale, can make cutting fluid enter cutting region, sufficient lubrication and cooling cutter cause cutter life to improve.In addition, ultrasonic wave circular vibration cutting working method also has another key property, be that frictional force direction between cutting tool rake face and the smear metal has reverse speed characterisstic, this causes radial cutting force negative value to occur in a cutting cycle, average radial cutting force is reduced significantly, and particularly the mean value of radial cutting force approaches 0.This obviously increases the critical cutting depth to the cutting of fragile material plasticity, can realize fragile material ultraprecise plasticity machining easily on general ultra precision cutting machining tool.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment
Content in conjunction with the inventive method provides with lower plane turning processing result.Workpiece material: glass (Soda-lime).Cutter material: diamond. tool orthogonal rake :-5 °, tool clearance: 12 °, tool cutting edge angle: 65 °.Corner radius: 0.1mm.Vibration condition: track: circle (diameter: 7 μ m), resonant frequency: 18.9kHz.
(1) adds sine voltage to two piezoelectric ceramic pieces on the luffing bar body, these two piezoelectric ceramics take place flexible, diamond cutter is fixed on two excited vibration luffing boom ends, and by two excited vibration luffing bars, diamond cutter blade place reaches the circular vibration track that diameter is 7 μ m.Setting cutting depth is 1 μ m, and cutting speed is 0.45-1.7m/min, when the amount of feeding is 5 μ m/rev, about workpiece machined surface roughness 0.025 μ m, has realized fragile material ultraprecise plasticity machining during ultrasonic wave circular vibration cutting fragile material.
(2) equally on luffing bar body two piezoelectric ceramic pieces add sine voltage, these two piezoelectric ceramics take place flexible, diamond cutter is fixed on two excited vibration luffing boom ends, and by two excited vibration luffing bars, diamond cutter blade place reaches the circular vibration track that diameter is 7 μ m.Setting cutting depth is 1.5 μ m, cutting speed is 0.45-1.7m/min, when the amount of feeding is 5 μ m/rev, about workpiece machined surface roughness 0.023 μ m, realized fragile material ultraprecise plasticity machining when the ultrasonic wave circular vibration cuts fragile material under bigger cutting depth situation.
(3) two piezoelectric ceramic pieces add sine voltage on luffing bar body, these two piezoelectric ceramics take place flexible, diamond cutter is fixed on two excited vibration luffing boom ends, and by two excited vibration luffing bars, diamond cutter blade place reaches the circular vibration track that diameter is 7 μ m.Setting cutting depth is 2.5 μ m, cutting speed is 0.45-1.7m/min, when the amount of feeding is 5 μ m/rev, during ultrasonic wave circular vibration cutting fragile material about workpiece machined surface roughness 0.025 μ m, under big cutting depth situation, also realized fragile material ultraprecise plasticity machining.
Above result shows: processing method of the present invention, at cutting depth is 1 μ m, and 1.5 μ m are under the 2.5 μ m conditions, all can get machined surface roughness and be the ultra-precision surface about 0.025 μ m, show that cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration is very effective.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) on two excited vibration luffing bar body orthogonals two sides, sticks piezoelectric ceramic piece;
(2) add sine voltage on these two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, these two piezoelectric ceramics take place flexible, pair excited vibration luffing bar bodies vibration that bends like this;
(3) by two excited vibration luffing bars, the flexural vibrations of generation are further increased;
(4) the fixing two excited vibration luffing boom ends of diamond cutter, it is maximum that vibration reaches at this place;
(5) after the flexural vibrations of level and vertical this both direction are synthetic, on the diamond blade, can obtain the circular vibration track;
(6) two excited vibration luffing bar bodies are fixed on the knife rest by the circular vibration node, and cutter is made circular vibration and axial feed motion, realize ultrasonic wave circular vibration machining.
2. the method for cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when cutting blade circular vibration maximal rate in the horizontal direction during greater than cutting speed, separate between cutter and smear metal and the workpiece, after each cutting cycle has just begun, circular vibration cutter vibration velocity in vertical direction is less than the smear metal rate of outflow, it is opposite that direction is flowed out in frictional force direction between cutter rake face and the smear metal and smear metal, when the vibration velocity of this direction during greater than the smear metal rate of outflow, frictional force direction between cutter rake face and the smear metal is reversed, and promotes smear metal to flow out.
3. according to the method for the described cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described step (2), sine voltage is 200 volts.
4. the method for cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (3), flexural vibrations are meant: reach diameter 7 μ m, resonant frequency is the circular vibration track of 18.9kHz..
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| CN 200510030760 CN1759985A (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2005-10-27 | Method for cutting friable material by using ultrasonic diamond cutter in circular vibration |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101870002A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2010-10-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flatness error control method for single-point diamond turning method machining large-sized optical elements |
| CN101434074B (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2012-03-28 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Shears and shearing method |
| CN102873594A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-16 | 厦门大学 | Height-adjustable inclination type ultrasonic vibration machining device |
| CN106270686A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 上海交通大学 | The diamond fly cutter milling method of very low power in a kind of Summoning material matrix |
| CN106312689A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏工大金凯高端装备制造有限公司 | Combined type intelligent tool system with two-dimensional supersonic vibration function and real-time cutting force detection function |
| CN112847465A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 安徽华晟新能源科技有限公司 | Method for cutting and slicing solar cell |
-
2005
- 2005-10-27 CN CN 200510030760 patent/CN1759985A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101434074B (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2012-03-28 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Shears and shearing method |
| CN101870002A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2010-10-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flatness error control method for single-point diamond turning method machining large-sized optical elements |
| CN102873594A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-16 | 厦门大学 | Height-adjustable inclination type ultrasonic vibration machining device |
| CN102873594B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-08-06 | 厦门大学 | Height-adjustable inclination type ultrasonic vibration machining device |
| CN106270686A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 上海交通大学 | The diamond fly cutter milling method of very low power in a kind of Summoning material matrix |
| CN106312689A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏工大金凯高端装备制造有限公司 | Combined type intelligent tool system with two-dimensional supersonic vibration function and real-time cutting force detection function |
| CN106312689B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏工大金凯高端装备制造有限公司 | The combined type smart tooling system of two dimensional ultrasonic vibration and cutting force real-time detection |
| CN112847465A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 安徽华晟新能源科技有限公司 | Method for cutting and slicing solar cell |
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