CN1749206A - Method for producing low temperature ceramic timber - Google Patents
Method for producing low temperature ceramic timber Download PDFInfo
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- CN1749206A CN1749206A CNA2005100109467A CN200510010946A CN1749206A CN 1749206 A CN1749206 A CN 1749206A CN A2005100109467 A CNA2005100109467 A CN A2005100109467A CN 200510010946 A CN200510010946 A CN 200510010946A CN 1749206 A CN1749206 A CN 1749206A
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- Prior art keywords
- low temperature
- temperature ceramic
- agent
- timber
- refuse
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000089742 Citrus aurantifolia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 sulfonated melamine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009714 stir casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to production process of low temperature ceramic timber and belongs to the field of building material technology. The low temperature ceramic timber is produced with industrial slag, plant waste, modifier, promoter and surfactant in the weight ratio of 100 to 30-600 to 10-50 to 0.5-7 to 0.03-2.0. The said materials are produced into the low temperature ceramic timber with silica and alumina mineral as base phase and plant waste as reinforcing phase through the steps of material treatment, mixture preparation, forming, curing, drying, and decoration. The present invention has low cost, high waste utilizing rate, environment friendship, and other advantages.
Description
One, technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of low temperature ceramic timber production method made from industrial residue and plant refuse, belong to building material technical field.
Two, background technology: the annual production of large solid waste such as the industrial residue of China such as flyash, coal gangue, metallurgical slag, phosphorus slag has reached 900,000,000 tons, accumulative total over the years is stored up nearly 7,000,000,000 tons, utilization ratio less than 50%, large utilization mainly at silicate cement, concrete, wall body brick, build the road, aspect the backfill.
Residual residue behind plant residuum such as straw, bagasse, tobacco rod, shell, bark, branch, weeds and the economic plants processing extracting effective components is that occurring in nature is the abundantest and can the regenerated biomass resource, China only annual production of straw just reaches more than 700,000,000 ton, most of being committed to the flames, both polluted air was wasted resource again.In the known plant residuum resource scheme, more representational technology has following several: return crop stocks to the field, ammoniated forage, humic fertilizer material, fuel, wood-based plate (fiberboard, shaving board, laminate), activated carbon, papermaking etc., wherein wood utilization is the main path of plant refuse, and the various imitation woods of domestic production at present mainly contain three types: the one, and be the artificial board of binding agent with thermosetting polymer such as urea-formaldehyde resin, resol; The 2nd, being the shaving board of binding agent on cement, gypsum, the magnesite; The 3rd, be the Wood-plastic material of representative with thermoplastic polymer such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride.Cost of development is low, performance good, new variety imitation wood nontoxic, environmental protection still is the developing direction of plant refuse resource utilization from now on.
Based on natural and imitation wood exist such as moisture expansion and drying shrinkage, poor mechanical property, not water-fast, not fire-retardant, be afraid of to damage by worms, perishable problem such as rotten, Chinese scholars is mainly studied from the Wooden modifying aspect, and has obtained progress aspect the woodceramics of property, ceramic timber, metallization timber, Calucium Silicate powder chain timbers material, the polymkeric substance timber having.
Woodceramicsization is the important channel of Wooden modifying, but mainly be to carry out osmotic treated with ethyl silicate and soluble metal salt pair base material in the past, these methods can not form successive ceramic body structure, just must be and will obtain the ceramic body structure through high-temperature calcination, but what finally obtain is the woodceramics that does not have wood feature fully.That is to say that known technology does not also have really to realize the pottery modification of timber.
The main component of industrial residue generally is made up of silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, ferric oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, handle by appropriate means, its original silicate sturcture energy depolymerization, and can be that polymerization once again forms new silicate network under the ambient condition with water, performance with stupalith, but, therefore be called low-temp ceramics because the process that ceramic body forms does not have the high temperature sintering of traditional ceramics.Finish near under the normal temperature condition because of the formation of its structure, can adopt several different methods to carry out modification, avoiding the high temperature may be incompatible with chemistry the thermal mismatching that additive constitutes; Low-temp ceramics gelling material and the plant refuse made with industrial residue carry out compounded low temperature ceramic timber, but have pottery concurrently nontoxic, fire-retardant, stable, durable, water-fast, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, anti-damage by worms and the lightweight of timber, pliable and tough, ventilative, can process and decorate properties, be expected aspect acquisition widespread uses such as, building structure heat insulation at building decoration, construction wall, building heat preservation with its advantage performance.
Three, summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method with industrial residue and plant refuse system low temperature ceramic timber, utilize the physicochemical characteristic of industrial residue, at first be prepared into the low-temp ceramics gelling material that the energy aquation is solidified: carry out the compound low temperature ceramic timber that is prepared into good physical and mechanical property with this gelling material and plant refuse, use to substitute day by day rare natural timber and deleterious imitation wood, thereby the realization that continues the strategic objective that do not wane forever for China's ecotope benign cycle and the utilization of resources is made contributions.
Technology contents of the present invention
1, raw material and prescription
1) main raw material
First kind main raw material is that industrial residue comprises cullet, glass fibre waste residue, flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, municipal refuse incineration slag, they have passed through high-temperature calcination or fusion in production process, these industrial residues can use in independent or two or more arbitrary proportion collocation;
The second class main raw material is a plant refuse, comprises straw, wheat straw, corn stalk, bagasse, tobacco rod, shell, sawdust, bark, branch, weeds, and they both can use separately, but also two or more mix and match uses.
2) additive: comprise properties-correcting agent, promotor, tensio-active agent three classes.
Properties-correcting agent is the aqueous solution of water glass, and density is 1.30-1.52g/ml, and modulus is 3.7-2.0:
Promotor is a kind of in calcium silicofluoride, Sodium Silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, the caustic soda or two or more uses by the arbitrary proportion collocation arbitrarily;
Tensio-active agent is a kind of in trolamine, calcium lignin sulphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, sulfonated melamine compound resin, the naphthalenesulfonate or two or more uses by the arbitrary proportion collocation arbitrarily:
3) prescription (by weight)
Industrial residue: plant refuse: properties-correcting agent: promotor: tensio-active agent=100: 30-600: 10-50: 0.5-7: 0.03-2.0:
4) Pei Fang the scope of application
(1) industrial residue, plant refuse and properties-correcting agent quality all comprise the moisture content that nature or treating processes are brought into;
(2) in the prescription plant refuse replace to industrial residue (cullet, glass fibre waste residue, flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, municipal refuse incineration slag), what prepare is the low-temp ceramics matrix material, does not have timber but has the stone material feature.
2, the present invention finishes according to the following steps:
1) raw material is handled: industrial residue comprises in cullet, glass fibre waste residue, flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, the municipal refuse incineration slag if water ratio greater than 5%, needs to add the aqueous 30-50 weight of waste residue % unslaked lime, and mixes ageing 1-12 hour; If water ratio is less than or equal to 5 weight % and can directly uses; Industrial residue and promotor, tensio-active agent combined grinding are made granularity and are accounted for the 85%-100% mixed powder less than 0.08mm;
Plant refuse needs fragmentation to be processed into length 0.5-150mm, width 0.5-10mm, thickness 0.1-5mm shape, both can directly use, also the available processes agent is soaked or the digestion processing, treatment agent is one or more the aqueous solution in lime, water glass, yellow soda ash, borax, sodium phosphate, Tai-Ace S 150, the potassium aluminium sulfate, the consumption of treatment agent is the 0.5-15 weight % of plant refuse, the treatment agent concentration of aqueous solution is 0.01-5.0 weight %, the natural immersion time is 1-15 days, the digestion time is 2-6 hour, and digestion temperature is 60-95 ℃;
2) compound preparation: mixed powder and properties-correcting agent, the plant refuse of handling are mixed into compound;
3) moulding: when moisture content in the compound during, compression moulding less than 20 weight %, forming pressure 0.1-3.0MPa, hot pressing temperature is 60-198 ℃, the dwell time is 5-55 minute; When moisture content in the compound during more than or equal to 20 weight %, with vibrating, extrude and casting.
4) maintenance: it is in 65-175 ℃ the wet-hot steam environment maintenance 6-36 hour that moulded products is placed after 12-36 hour in temperature naturally again;
5) drying: after the goods maintenance is finished, adopt air-dry, the sun to shine or baker carries out drying and dehydrating, when the quality water ratio becomes work in-process during less than 5 weight %.
6) decorate processing: work in-process are after super-dry, need polish flat, paint, one of coating, woodgrained paper pastes and decorates or use by unsaturated polyester resin, mineral filler, solidifying agent, setting accelerator one or more to mix ornament layers and carry out coating processing, after treating surface solidification, polish, become product.
Present technique compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, compare with known imitation wood, the present invention is without thermoplastics, thermosetting resin binding agent, avoided high molecular polymer degraded, additive discharges, residue volatilization (as formaldehyde) causes Toxic pollution problem fully; Fire prevention, waterproof, fire-retardant, the smoke elimination problem of timber have fundamentally been solved simultaneously.
2, compare with traditional shaving board, it is gelling material that the present invention adopts industrial residue, final what form is the strong structure with ceramic performance, has avoided cement, gypsum as the insurmountable moisture expansion and drying shrinkage of shaving board gelling material, intensity is low, the life-span is short problem.
3, main raw material of the present invention is industrial residue and plant refuse, and abundant raw material is with low cost; Goods have the stability of pottery, fire-retardant, nontoxic, hardness is high, wear resistance is good feature, have lightweight, insulation, shock-resistant and machinable performance of timber simultaneously.
Four, description of drawings: Fig. 1 is technical process of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Getting the quality water ratio and be 100 parts, 0.8 part wooden calcium sulfonate of phosphorus slag of 1.2%, 0.03 part of trolamine, 2 parts of Sodium Silicofluoride blend grindings becomes granularity to account for 95% powder less than 0.08mm; Being broken into length earlier for 550 parts in the sawdust/straw/weeds=plant refuse of 1/1.25/0.5 ratio cooperation is 100-150mm, then with treatment agent aqueous solution digestion, treatment agent is the mixed aqueous solution for water glass, lime, yellow soda ash, three kinds mass ratio is 1/2/1.5, the consumption of treatment agent is 10 weight % of plant refuse, concentration is 4.5 weight %, digestion 4 hours, digestion temperature is 75 ℃, getting the good powder of grinding is 1.36g/ml with plant refuse and the density handled, modulus is 18 parts of 3.5 water glass, and stirring became compound in 7 minutes; Inject the mould moulding of vibrating, placement demoulding after 12 hours naturally was placed in 80 ℃ the sweating room maintenance 8 hours, and drying and dehydrating when water ratio becomes work in-process less than 5% the time, is tested its density 0.92g/cm
3, ultimate compression strength 15Mpa, folding strength 7Mpa.Use the alkyd paint cover behind the surface grinding, have wood effect.
Embodiment 2:
Get 60 parts in flyash, 20 parts of cullet, 20 parts in glass fibre waste residue, the quality water ratio of three kinds of waste residues is followed successively by 8.6%, 6.8%, 4.6%, amount to that the quality water ratio is 7.28% in the waste residue, add 3.6 parts of unslaked limes in waste residue, the mixing ageing adds 0.06 part of trolamine after 6 hours, 7 parts of potassium silicofluoride blend grindings become granularity to account for 85% powder less than 0.08mm; The plant refuse that cooperates in corn stalk/wheat straw/eucalyptus branches and leaves=1/0.5/0.5 ratio is broken into length earlier less than 150mm, width is less than 10mm, thickness is less than fibrous 600 parts of 5mm, with mass concentration is 3% lime aqueous solution mixing digestion, lime consumption is 8 weight % of plant refuse, digestion 3 hours, digestion temperature is 75-95 ℃, get the good powder of grinding, the plant refuse of handling, density is 50 parts of 3 water glass for the 1.50g/ml modulus, stir casting after 10 minutes, naturally place the demoulding in 24 hours, with 95 ℃ atmospheric steam curings 8 hours, dry to water ratio less than becoming work in-process, the density 0.85g/cm of this test material at 5% o'clock
3, ultimate compression strength 8Mpa, folding strength 6.2Mpa is that binding agent, woodgrained paper are veneer with white glue with vinyl behind the surface grinding, has wood effect.
Embodiment 3:
Get 40 parts of phosphorus slags, 30 parts of copper ashes, 30 parts in slag, the quality water ratio of three kinds of waste residues is followed successively by 9.6%, 4.5%, 6.6%, amount to that the quality water ratio is 7.17% in the waste residue, in waste residue, add 2.5 parts of unslaked limes, mix ageing and add 3.0 parts of 0.1 part of trolamine, calcium silicofluorides after 10 hours, 4.0 parts in caustic soda, blend grinding become fineness to become granularity to account for 92% powder less than 0.08mm; 200 parts of the plant refuses that cooperates in peanut hull meal/husk/rice bran=1/0.4/0.6 ratio, being broken into overall dimension earlier is 1-10mm, be 4.2% treatment agent aqueous solution digestion then with mass concentration, digestion 6 hours, digestion temperature is 70-80 ℃, borax in the treatment agent, sodium phosphate, Tai-Ace S 150, the mass ratio of potassium aluminium sulfate is 1/3.5/1.6/5, its consumption is 2 weight % of plant refuse, get the good powder of grinding, the plant refuse of handling, density is 1.50g/ml, modulus is 30 parts of 2 water glass, stirring became compound in 5 minutes, and extrusion moulding was placed after 30 hours in 65 ℃ hygrothermal environment maintenance 36 hours naturally, being dried to water ratio became work in-process less than 5% o'clock, tested the density 1.25g/cm of this material
3, ultimate compression strength 12Mpa, folding strength 6.2Mpa; Use behind the surface rubbing that (mass ratio is: the decorating glue of 1/1/0.1/0.05) forming applies 1mm, polishes after the surface solidification, and the surface has stone materialization decorative effect by unsaturated polyester resin, aluminium hydroxide, methylethyl ketone peroxide, cobalt naphthenate.
Embodiment 4:
Get 50 parts of nickel slags, 30 parts in slag, 20 parts in flyash, the quality water ratio of three kinds of waste residues is followed successively by 5.6%, 4.5%, 12.6%, amount to that the quality water ratio is 6.67% in the waste residue, add 2.7 parts of unslaked limes in waste residue, mix ageing and add 1.0 parts of wooden calcium sulfonates after 8 hours, 4 parts of blend grindings of potassium silicofluoride become granularity to account for 99% powder less than 0.08mm; 150 parts of the plant refuses that cooperates in tobacco rod/straw powder=1/2 ratio, broken earlier grow up fibrous less than 0.5mm's less than 150mm, width less than 5mm, thickness; Getting the good powder of grinding, the plant refuse of handling, density is 1.35g/ml, modulus is that 2.5 water glass mixes for 20 parts and stirred 8 minutes, at pressure is 0.5MPa, 135 ℃ of temperature, compacting moulding in 30 minutes, have hard wood-based plate outward appearance behind the rubbing down of surface, test the density 1.29g/cm of this material
3, ultimate compression strength 29Mpa, folding strength 11.2Mpa.
Embodiment 5:
Get 50 parts of exsiccant phosphorus slags, 30 parts of manganese slags, 20 parts of municipal refuse incineration slags respectively, 0.1 part of trolamine, 6 parts of caustic soda blend grindings become granularity to account for 89% powder less than 0.08mm; Straw is broken into length earlier less than 5mm; 100 parts in the straw powder of get 106.1 parts of powders, handling, density are 1.27g/ml, modulus is that 30 parts of water glass of 2.3 water glass mix to stir and became compound in 4 minutes, at pressure is hot pressing 10 minutes under 0.1Mpa, 190 ℃ of conditions of temperature, naturally placed 12 hours after the demoulding, test the density 1.15g/cm of this material
3, ultimate compression strength 15Mpa, folding strength 6.7Mpa paints brushing behind the surface grinding, also have wood effect.。
Embodiment 6:
Get 100 parts in flyash, its quality water ratio 8% adds 4 parts of unslaked lime mixing ageings and becomes granularity to account for 91% powder less than 0.08mm with 0.7 part of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.06 part of trolamine, 0.7 part of naphthalene sulfonic acidformaldehyde condensation product, 2 parts of Sodium Silicofluoride blend grindings after 3 hours; Get 107.46 parts of powders, 300 parts of phosphorus slags, density is 1.15g/ml, and modulus is that 2.0 water glass mixes for 80 parts and stirred casting 8 minutes, naturally place the demoulding after 17 hours, be placed in 80 ℃ the sweating room maintenance 12 hours, and diameter arranged behind the surperficial rubbing down in the product less than 8mm pore uniform distribution, ultimate compression strength 62Mpa, folding strength 7.3Mpa has natural volcano stone decoration and skidproof effect.
Embodiment 7:
Prescription and molding mode are with embodiment 6, moulded products was placed in 175 ℃ the steam ambient maintenance 8 hours, diameter was arranged less than 8mm pore uniform distribution, ultimate compression strength 95Mpa behind the surperficial rubbing down in the product, folding strength 12.3Mpa has natural volcano stone decoration and skidproof effect.
Embodiment 8:
With 70 parts in slag, 30 parts of phosphorus slags that replace among the embodiment 6 of municipal refuse incineration slag, adopt the technology of embodiment 6, the goods ultimate compression strength 65Mpa of acquisition, folding strength 7.3Mpa also has the lithotome decorative effect behind the rubbing down.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of production method of low temperature ceramic timber, it is characterized in that: the component of this material and prescription are industrial residue, plant refuse, properties-correcting agent, promotor, tensio-active agent, its prescription is: industrial residue: plant refuse: properties-correcting agent: promotor: tensio-active agent=100: 30-600: 10-50: 0.5-7: 0.03-2.0
1), industrial residue is in cullet, glass fibre waste residue, flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, the municipal refuse incineration slag one or more,
2), plant refuse is one or more in straw, wheat straw, corn stalk, bagasse, tobacco rod, shell, sawdust, bark, branch, the weeds;
3), properties-correcting agent is the aqueous solution of water glass, density is 1.30-1.52g/ml, modulus is 3.7-2.0,
4), promotor is in calcium silicofluoride, Sodium Silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, the caustic soda one or more,
5), tensio-active agent is in trolamine, calcium lignin sulphonate, sodium lignosulfonate, sulfonated melamine compound resin, the naphthalenesulfonate one or more,
2, a kind of production method of low temperature ceramic timber is characterized in that: produce low temperature ceramic timber with described raw material of claim 1 and prescription, finish according to the following steps:
1), raw material handles: industrial residue comprises in cullet, glass fibre waste residue, flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, the municipal refuse incineration slag if water ratio greater than 5%, needs to add the unslaked lime that waste residue contain quality 30-50%, and mixes ageing 1-12 hour,
To be granularity through grinding account for the powder of 85%-100% less than 0.08mm to the industrial residue of handling through ageing, becomes mixed powder with the tensio-active agent that measured, promotor mix grinding during grinding,
Plant refuse need be broken into length 0.5-150mm, width 0.5-10mm, thickness 0.1-5mm shape, directly use or use lime, water glass, yellow soda ash, borax, sodium phosphate, Tai-Ace S 150, the aqueous solution soaking of the treatment agent of one or more in the potassium aluminium sulfate or digestion are handled, the consumption of treatment agent is the 0.5-15 weight % of plant refuse, the treatment agent concentration of aqueous solution is 0.01-5.0 weight %, treatment time is 1-15 days natural immersion time, the digestion time is 2-6 hour, digestion temperature is 60-95 ℃
2), compound preparation: mixed powder and properties-correcting agent, the plant refuse of handling are mixed into compound,
3), moulding: when moisture content in the compound during less than 20 weight %, compression moulding, forming pressure 0.1-3.0MPa, hot pressing temperature is 60-198 ℃, and the dwell time is 5-55 minute, when moisture content in the compound during more than or equal to 20 weight %, with vibrating, extrude and casting
4), maintenance: it is in 65-175 ℃ the wet-hot steam environment maintenance 6-36 hour that moulded products is placed after 12-36 hour in temperature naturally again,
5), drying: after the goods maintenance is finished, adopt air-dry, the sun to shine or baker carries out drying and dehydrating, when water ratio becomes work in-process during less than 5 weight %,
6), decorate processing: work in-process polish flat after super-dry, paint, one of coating, woodgrained paper pastes and decorates or carry out coating processing with one or more mixture ornament layer of unsaturated polyester resin, mineral filler, solidifying agent, setting accelerator, after treating surface solidification, polish, become product.
3, according to the production method of claim 1 and 2 described low temperature ceramic timbers, its feature also is: plant refuse replaces to industrial residue, adopts claim 2 preparation technology, and the product of producing is a low-temperature ceramic stone.
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