CN1746540A - Mechanical stepless transmission device with automatic speed change - Google Patents

Abstract

A mechanical variable-speed drive device includes a casing, in which disposed a pitch control mechanism consists of an input part, a rotary support, at least a set of eccentric structural assemblies fixed on the support and an output part. The input part and the support can rotate independently, and their rotating axles are coincided. Each set of eccentric structural assemblies comprises an eccentric mass piece, which rotates around self-axis driven by the input part. The output part sets only one one-way clutch connected with it directly.

Description

Mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of infinite variable speed transmission device, relate in particular to a kind of transmission device that is applied to the stepless automatic transmission on the vehicle.

Background technique

The application of stepless speed changes devices on vehicle makes the driving of vehicle by the manual automatic transmission that becomes.Automatic gear automobile because easy to operate when driving, speed-raising is smooth, travel safety advantages of higher thereby more and more be subjected to purchasing the popular welcome of car family.In the prior art, be used to realize that the infinitely variable speed device of automatic transmission mainly contains two kinds of patterns: hydraulic automatic speed variator and metal band type CVT (continuously variable transmission).The stepless speed variator ubiquity of these two kinds of patterns many deficiencies, and details are as follows:

Hydraulic automatic speed variator comprises hydraulic couplers and two kinds of patterns of fluid torque converter.The basic principle of hydraulic couplers is: power source drives the pump impeller rotation, and pump impeller drives its interlobate liquid in rotation, thereby gives liquid with the energy transfer of power source, makes the kinetic energy of liquid increase; When liquid that kinetic energy to increase entered between the blade of turbine, the part kinetic energy of liquid had just been passed to the turbine slower than pump impeller rotating speed, made the external output torque of turbine.In order to increase the output torque of turbine, between the pump impeller of hydraulic couplers and turbine, increase the guide wheel of unidirectional rotation, just constitute fluid torque converter.

Although torque converter can remedy some deficiency of mechanical step change transmission, have some outstanding advantages, as: simple to operate, laborsaving, improved traveling security, travelling comfort and the acceleration of overtaking other vehicles; Reduced the vehicle noxious emission, made its compliance with environmental protection requirements; Power source and power train are flexible to be connected, and has prolonged working life; Have good adaptive, improved the adaptive capacity of vehicle various road surfaces.But shortcoming also is very tangible:

1, because the speed change and the torque conversion range of hydrodynamic body are smaller, can not satisfy the usage requirement of vehicle separately, the mechanical transmission that needs serial or parallel connection to be used with it.In addition,, also need to dispose hydraulic pressure or electronic control system, so structure is quite complicated the manufacture cost costliness in order to realize the self shifter of mechanical transmission.

2, because with the transmission medium of liquid as energy, thereby transmission efficiency is low, and energy loss is big, and the fuel economy of vehicle is reduced;

3, owing to itself complex structure, so maintenance difficulty is big, and also very inconvenient, the special maintenance man who needs higher repairing level and trouble shooting analysis ability overhauls, the maintenance cost height.

The CN1136108C Chinese invention patent of China national Department of Intellectual Property notice of authorization on January 28th, 2004 discloses a kind of hydraulic automatic speed change power train, and it comprises torque converter, is used to realize fluid coupled between motor and the speed changer; Be arranged on the elementary gear shift part on first; Be arranged on the secondary gear shift part on second; Partly transmit the power transmitting deice (forming) of elementary gear shift partial rotation power by four power transmitting gears to secondary gear shift; Control first, second, third break and the clutch of elementary gear shift part and secondary gear shift part, and first, second overrunning clutch, wherein torque converter is made up of pump impeller, turbine and the guide wheel between pump impeller and turbine, and pump impeller, turbine and guide wheel are formed fluid torque converter.Although this automatic variable-speed drive system prior art relatively has certain progress, but still has aforesaid many shortcomings.

The working principle of metal band type CVT (continuously variable transmission) is: the transmission of power of power source output is given the active active wheel of stepless speed changes devices, initiatively active wheel is taken turns transmission of power by V-type metal driving belt again to slave operation, and power is delivered to wheel through intermediate gearbox, main reducing gear and differential mechanism afterwards.Wherein, the metal tape transmission device is the core of this speed changer, it comprises initiatively active wheel, slave operation wheel and the V-type metal tape that is connected driving and driven active wheel, driving and driven active wheel is all decided the awl dish and the mantle dish constitutes by coaxial mounted, decide awl dish and mantle dish and form the V-type groove that meshes with the V-type metal tape, the V-type metal tape is transferring power under the extruding force effect of deciding awl dish and mantle dish.In the working procedure, when the mantle dish of driving and driven active wheel moved axially, variation had just taken place in the radius of metal driving belt, thereby had changed velocity ratio.Moving axially of mantle dish is that hydraulic oil by in the oil cylinder of regulating driving and driven active wheel realizes that the oil cylinder of driving and driven active wheel is controlled by machine-liquid or electricity-liquid control system respectively again.Because the adjusting of oil pressure is continuous, thereby this transmission device also can be realized stepless change.

The metal band type CVT (continuously variable transmission) has good dynamic property, it is convenient to handle, transmission efficiency is higher, power source is moved in its economic speed zone all the time, thereby increases substantially fuel economy and improve advantage such as toxic emission.But also have following all shortcomings that can't overcome:

1, owing to be to come transferring power, might skid between metal tape and the driving and driven active wheel, thereby can't transmit power high-power, high pulling torque by the frictional force between metal tape and the master and slave active wheel.Therefore this speed changer can not with the power source coupling of big discharge capacity, generally only be used at present, the car of little discharge capacity, Applicable scope is restricted.

2, starting performance is poor, raises speed if want to open the throttle, and this speed changer can not follow up rapidly, because need the time to change the active wheel diameter.In addition, because the starting torque ratio of vehicle is bigger, so system must be equipped with starting arrangement, as multi-disc wet clutch, magnetic clutch and fluid torque converter etc., thereby makes the structure of speed changer become very complicated.

3, metal tape is made difficulty, cost of production is expensive, because need to use special device, the equipment replacement amount is huge.

Disclosed CN1442623 Chinese invention patent on the 17th application September in 2003 discloses a kind of mechanical friction type stepless speed change device of metal tape transmission, and this stepless speed changes devices just has aforesaid many shortcomings.

In addition, US6062096 U.S. patent of invention discloses a kind of stepless speed changes devices that utilizes the transmitting torque that swings back and forth of rocking arm, the end of its rocking arm is provided with eccentric mass, and input end drives eccentric mass around himself axis rotation, and the centrifugal force that produces during the eccentric mass rotation drives rocking arm and swings back and forth.Although this speed change gear can overcome the some shortcomings of above-mentioned two kinds of speed changers, but still have many shortcomings: rocking arm swings back and forth during 1, owing to work, in order to guarantee that output shaft is all the time along same direction output speed, need with sleeve that rocking arm directly links to each other on two overrunning clutchs that the locking direction is opposite are set, and be provided with a cover commutation gear in addition; Thereby output torque is alternately to export by two overrunning clutchs, not only structure heaviness, complexity, and also when output speed was higher, the rocking arm that swings back and forth will bear very big inertial force, and very high to the material and the requirement on machining accuracy of rocking arm and bearing thereof; 2, the overrunning clutch of output terminal is a wedge block type clutch that contacts, radially locks, and not only because voussoir is subjected to the influence of rotary centrifugal force, reaction is sensitivity inadequately for the overrunning clutch of this structure; And need big moment during release, consume more energy, thereby reduced the transmission efficiency of speed changer; In addition,, make the wearing no resistance of this clutch because voussoir and inside and outside circle be all and contact, can not transmitting large torque, working life is short, so has also shortened the working life of whole speed change gear; 3, owing to be the variation that realizes output speed and moment by the position that changes the eccentric massblock barycenter, therefore need establish in addition manually or automatic control mechanism, adopt manual control mechanism to need manual tune, can't realize automatic speed changing and bending moment; As install the reponse system that automatic control mechanism need adopt complexity additional, increase cost of production greatly.

The US6044718 U. S. Patent is the part continuity patent (continuation-in-part) of US6062096 patent, has increased a scheme on the basis of former patent, and the scheme of increase comes down to similar to other schemes.The scheme that increases is on other scheme rocker arm body basis of invariable, one of them overrunning clutch is loaded between rocking arm and the framework, like this, this overrunning clutch has just limited the swing of rocking arm to a direction, and rocking arm can only be swung off and on along other direction.Not only still there is above-mentioned every shortcoming in this speed change gear, and make that the overrunning clutch operating conditions that is loaded between rocking arm and the framework is more abominable, because framework is fixed, the very big load of will bearing overrunning clutch limits rocking arm and swings to a direction, wedge is in rocking arm sleeve and corresponding frame aperture tightly to make the voussoir of clutch, and its release is difficulty more, consumes more energy, it is even more serious to wear and tear, and can have a strong impact on working life.

Summary of the invention:

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the many deficiencies that overcome above-mentioned prior art, a kind of mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device is provided, it can not only regulate rotating speed and the moment of exporting automatically according to the size of load, has realized the function of stepless automatic transmission well; And simple in structure, the transmission efficiency height, long service life can adapt to the operating mode of high speed rotating, can transmit the power of high-power and high pulling torque effectively, can be applicable to various vehicles, and Applicable scope is very wide.

According to mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device provided by the invention, comprise housing and be installed on bending moment mechanism in the described housing that described bending moment mechanism comprises input part, rotating support, is rotatably installed at least one cover eccentric structure assembly and output on the described support; Described input part and described support can independently rotate, and the spin axis of the two coincides; The described eccentric structure assembly of every cover comprises an eccentric massblock, and described eccentric massblock is driven around himself axis rotation by described input part; Described output only be provided with one with its overrunning clutch that directly links to each other, described overrunning clutch is first overrunning clutch; Described first overrunning clutch is the face contact type unidirectional clutch of axial compression, its active part and secondary part arrange that vertically the mating face of the joint element of described driving and driven part fits tightly the frictional force carry-over moment of together also passing through each other during locking.

Also have following attached technical characteristics according to mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device provided by the invention:

As the further improved plan of the present invention, this speed change gear comprises that also one is positioned at second overrunning clutch of described bending moment mechanism front end, the input part of described second overrunning clutch is connected with power source, and output is connected with the input part of described bending moment mechanism.

As the present invention's improved plan further, this speed change gear also comprises the 3rd overrunning clutch of being located at the described first overrunning clutch rear end, described the 3rd overrunning clutch is opposite with the locking direction of described first overrunning clutch, its moving element is connected with the output of described first overrunning clutch, and fixed part is fixed in the described housing.

As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, described bending moment comprises that partly a described support and symmetry are installed on the described eccentric structure assembly of two covers at described support two ends; The described eccentric structure assembly of every cover comprises a driven shaft and the described eccentric massblock and the driven gear that are installed on the described driven shaft, and described eccentric massblock and described driven gear are articulated in the end of described support by described driven shaft; The input part of described bending moment mechanism comprises a driving shaft and is installed on a driving gear on the described driving shaft, and described driving shaft is connected with the power source or second overrunning clutch, and described driving gear and described driven gear mesh; Described output is one to be fixed in the output shaft of described carriage center, and the active part of described first overrunning clutch is connected with described output shaft.

As another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, described bending moment partly comprises a described support and is installed on the described support and the described eccentric structure assembly of along the circumferential direction equally distributed three covers; The described eccentric structure assembly of every cover comprises a driven shaft and the described eccentric massblock and the driven gear that are installed on the described driven shaft; Described support is a discoid body, and described eccentric massblock and described driven gear are articulated in the edge of described support by described driven shaft; The input part of described bending moment mechanism comprises a driving shaft and is installed on a driving gear on the described driving shaft, and described driving shaft is connected with the power source or second overrunning clutch, and described driving gear and described driven gear mesh; Described output is one to be fixed in the output shaft of described carriage center, and the active part of described first overrunning clutch is connected with described output shaft.

In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, described first overrunning clutch is a screw clamp compact form overrunning clutch, comprises a clutch drum and is located at first, second clutch disk that is parallel to each other in the described clutch drum, at least one bulging friction plate and at least one spring; Described first, second clutch disk clamps described bulging friction plate under the effect of described spring, described bulging friction plate is placed on the sleeve, but and with described clutch drum transmitting torque be linked together; Described sleeve has internal thread, and a transmission axle stretches in the described sleeve, and its inserting end is formed with the outside thread with described screw-internal thread fit.

In above-mentioned preferred embodiment, be provided with the described bulging friction plate of multi-disc altogether, accompany a dish friction plate between every two adjacent drum friction plates; But described dish friction plate is placed on the described sleeve and is linked together with it transmitting torque.The spin axis of described clutch drum, first, second clutch disk, drum friction plate, sleeve and described dish friction plate overlaps; Described bulging friction plate and described clutch drum are by splined, and described dish friction plate and described sleeve also pass through splined.One end opening of described clutch drum, the other end middle part is formed with outward extending hollow shaft; Described first clutch dish is fixed on the described transmission axle, and is installed on the opening end of described clutch drum by first snap ring; Described second clutch dish and described sleeve are integrally formed, and are installed on the described transmission axle by second snap ring.Only be provided with a spring in the described clutch drum, described spring is one to be placed in the sheet stage clip on the described transmission axle, and it is located between described second snap ring and the described second clutch dish.The inserting end of described transmission axle by bearings in described hollow shaft.

In another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, described first overrunning clutch is the overrunning clutch that quadratic crank mechanism compresses, comprise by the clutch disk and the housing formed of clutch cover that cover mutually together, be provided with a clutch hub, multi-disc hub friction plate, at least one cover dish friction plate and at least one cover four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms in the described housing; The middle part of described clutch cover is formed with a through hole, and an end of described clutch hub exposes from described through hole; Described hub friction plate is circular, but it is placed on the described clutch hub and is linked together with it transmitting torque; Described dish friction plate has identical tricks with described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms, and the described dish friction plate of every cover comprises the friction plate that the multi-disc part is circular, itself and the alternate layout of described hub friction plate; The described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms of every cover have a cross bar, and the same position of each sheet of the described dish friction plate of every cover has a through hole, and described cross bar passes described through hole; Described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms are pressed to described dish friction plate and hub friction plate the rubbing surface of described clutch disk.

In above-mentioned preferred embodiment, the described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms of every cover comprise two support arms that are parallel to each other and the described cross bar that is connected two supporting walls; One end of described two support arms is articulated on the described housing by an attachment pegs respectively, and the other end is hinged with a contiguous block by an attachment pegs respectively, and the two ends of described cross bar are individually fixed on described two contiguous blocks; One end of described cross bar is with a spring, and the other end is provided with a briquetting, and described briquetting is articulated on the described attachment pegs.Also be provided with two through hole on the described dish friction plate of every cover, two straight pins pass described two through hole respectively, thereby each sheet friction plate is cascaded; Be formed with two elongated slots that along the circumferential direction extend on described clutch disk and the clutch cover accordingly; Insert in the described elongated slot at the two ends of described straight pin, and the two is provided with two parallel planes that cooperatively interact.Described hub friction plate and described clutch hub are by splined together; The center of described clutch disk is equipped with a transmission axle, and an end of described transmission axle is protruding, the other end by bearings in the center hole of described clutch hub.Described housing is provided with the described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms of three covers, is provided with the described dish friction plate of three covers in the described housing accordingly, and described three cover four connecting rod pressure devices and described dish friction plate along the circumferential direction evenly distribute.

As to the present invention's improved plan further, described bending moment mechanism also comprises a lock-up clutch, described lock-up clutch is located between described driving gear and the described support, and its active part links to each other with described driving gear, and secondary part links to each other with described support.

A kind of replacement pattern as above-mentioned improvement project, described bending moment mechanism also comprises two or three lock-up clutches, each described lock-up clutch is located between described driven shaft and the described support, and its active part links to each other with described driven shaft, and secondary part links to each other with described support.

Replace pattern as the another kind of above-mentioned improvement project, described bending moment mechanism also comprises a lock-up clutch; Described lock-up clutch is placed on the described output shaft, its active part be placed on the described output shaft, and with can link to each other with respect to the gear that described output shaft rotates, this gear and a gear engagement that is installed on each described driven shaft, the secondary part of described lock-up clutch links to each other with described support.

Further improve again as of the present invention, this transmission device also comprises an auxiliary device that is arranged at the described first overrunning clutch rear end, has cut-out power and moment of torsion commutation function, described auxiliary device comprises an input shaft assembly, an output shaft assembly, a countershaft assembly and a reverse gear shaft assembly, a forward gear clutch and a reverse clutch, and the spin axis of described input shaft assembly, described output shaft assembly, described countershaft assembly and described reverse gear shaft assembly is parallel to each other; Described input shaft assembly is connected with the output of described first overrunning clutch, and its input gear is meshed with the fixed gear of described countershaft assembly; The fixed gear of described countershaft assembly is fixed on the jack shaft, and is meshed with the commutation input gear of described reverse gear shaft assembly; Described commutation input gear is fixed on the reverse gear shaft, and also being with one on the described reverse gear shaft can be with respect to the commutation output gear of reverse gear shaft rotation; Described commutation output gear is meshed with the output gear that reverses gear on the output shaft that is installed on described output shaft assembly; Described reverse clutch is placed on the described reverse gear shaft, and its active part links to each other with described commutation input gear, and secondary part links to each other with described commutation output gear.

As a kind of mode of execution of above-mentioned improvement project, described output shaft assembly and described input shaft assembly spin axis coincide; Described forward gear clutch is installed between described input shaft assembly and the described output shaft assembly, and its active part links to each other with described input shaft assembly, and secondary part links to each other with described output shaft assembly.

As the another kind of mode of execution of above-mentioned improvement project, also be with a sliding gear that can rotate with respect to jack shaft on the described jack shaft, the forward gear output gear engagement on described sliding gear and the output shaft that is installed on described output shaft assembly; Described forward gear clutch is placed on the described jack shaft, and its active part links to each other with the fixed gear of described countershaft assembly, and secondary part links to each other with the sliding gear of described countershaft assembly.

According to mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device provided by the invention, prior art has following plurality of advantages relatively:

1, owing to utilizes eccentric structure assembly on support and the mounting bracket to realize the transmission of moment of torsion, the input part of bending moment mechanism, eccentric massblock and support three independently rotate around axle center separately, thereby output terminal can be regulated the rotating speed and the moment of output automatically according to the size of load, the real automatic stepless speed change of realizing can be adjusted the travelling speed of vehicle automatically according to road conditions.

2, because the centrifugal force that utilizes eccentric massblock to produce comes carry-over moment, thereby transmission efficiency height not only, energy loss is little; And can effectively transmit the power of high-power and high pulling torque, and can be applied to the car of middle or small discharge capacity, can be applied to the heavy vehicle of big discharge capacity again, applied widely.

3, the output terminal of bending moment part only be provided with one with its overrunning clutch that directly links to each other, not only simple in structure, easy to assembly, and reduced cost of production.

4, adopted the overrunning clutch of axial vane surface contact-type, this overrunning clutch not only is quick on the draw, the needs of high engine speeds running in the time of satisfying automobile running, and can transmit big moment of torsion, transmission efficiency height, long service life.Therefore make that also whole transmission device is stable and reliable for performance, rate of fault is low, long service life.

Description of drawings:

Embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing provides is described in further detail the features and advantages of the present invention.Wherein:

Figure 1A is the structural representation of automobile driving system, there is shown the cardinal principle mounting point according to stepless automatic transmission transmission device provided by the invention;

Figure 1B is the mechanical structure stereogram according to automatic gear shift transmission device provided by the invention;

Fig. 2 is the basic structure schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the basic structure schematic representation of another kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, has increased by second overrunning clutch on the basis of preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 4 is the basic structure schematic representation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, has increased by the 3rd overrunning clutch on the basis of preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 5 is the basic structure schematic representation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, has increased by the 3rd overrunning clutch on the basis of preferred embodiment shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 6 A is the stereogram of a kind of bending moment mechanism in Fig. 2 to 5 illustrated embodiment, and this bending moment mechanism has two cover eccentric structure assemblies;

Fig. 6 B is the three-dimensional exploded view of bending moment mechanism shown in Fig. 6 A, there is shown the concrete structure and the mounting type of each component;

Fig. 6 C is a kind of replacement form of bending moment mechanism shown in Fig. 6 A;

Fig. 6 D is the three-dimensional exploded view of bending moment mechanism shown in Fig. 6 C, there is shown the concrete structure and the mounting type of each component;

Fig. 7 A is the stereogram of another kind of bending moment mechanism in Fig. 2 to 5 illustrated embodiment, and this bending moment mechanism has three cover eccentric structure assemblies;

Fig. 7 B is the three-dimensional exploded view of bending moment mechanism shown in Fig. 7 A, there is shown the concrete structure and the mounting type of each component;

Fig. 7 C is a kind of replacement form of bending moment mechanism shown in Fig. 7 A;

Fig. 7 D is the three-dimensional exploded view of bending moment mechanism shown in Fig. 7 C, there is shown the concrete structure and the mounting type of each component;

Fig. 8 A is the three-dimensional cutaway view of a kind of structural type of first, second overrunning clutch in Fig. 2 to 5 illustrated embodiment;

Fig. 8 B is the three-dimensional exploded view of overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 8 A;

Fig. 8 C comprises a plurality of sketches, and each sketch shows the working principle of overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 8 A jointly;

When Fig. 8 D all adopts clutch shown in Fig. 8 A, the 8B for first, second overrunning clutch, the integral mechanical structure figure of transmission device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 A is the three-dimensional cutaway view of the another kind of structural type of first, second overrunning clutch among the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5;

Fig. 9 B is the three-dimensional exploded view of overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 9 A;

Fig. 9 C is the working principle schematic representation of overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 9 A;

When Fig. 9 D all adopts clutch shown in Fig. 9 A, the 9B for first, second overrunning clutch, the integral mechanical structure figure of transmission device of the present invention;

Figure 10 A to 10C is the structural representation to the further improvement project of preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5, has installed the structure of lock-up clutch shown in the figure in bending moment mechanism additional, and Figure 10 A to 10C shows three kinds of different mounting types of lock-up clutch respectively; For clarity sake, only show bending moment mechanism part among each figure, omitted other structure;

Figure 11 A, 11B also are to the schematic representation of the further improvement project of preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 or 5, there is shown the infinitely variable speed transmission that comprises auxiliary device; Figure 11 A, 11B show the auxiliary device of two kinds of different structures respectively;

Figure 12 A is a kind of working state schematic representation according to infinitely variable speed transmission provided by the invention, and first overrunning clutch is in lockup state among the figure;

Figure 12 B is the another kind of working state schematic representation according to infinitely variable speed transmission provided by the invention, and first overrunning clutch is in and surmounts state among the figure.

Embodiment:

Referring to Figure 1A, schematically illustrated the structure of automobile driving system among the figure, comprised power source 100, transmission device 200 and load 300 (being wheel etc.), power source 100 is motor, motor or other prime mover, for ease of explanation, the present invention selects for use motor as power source.Transmission device 200 is installed between power source 100 and the load 300, and the power of power source 100 outputs is passed to wheel 300 after transmission device 200 bending moments, speed change makes its rotation, thereby the driving automobile advances or falls back.The present invention improves transmission device 200 wherein.

Referring to Figure 1B, according to mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device 200 provided by the invention, comprise housing 8 and the bending moment mechanism 1 that is installed in the described housing 8, as shown in Figure 2, described bending moment mechanism 1 comprises input part 11, rotating support 12, is rotatably installed at least one cover eccentric structure assembly 13 (shown in the figure is two covers) and output 14 on the described support 12.As shown in FIG., described input part 11 can independently rotate with described support 12, and the spin axis of the two coincides; The described eccentric structure assembly 13 of every cover comprises an eccentric massblock 131, and described eccentric massblock 131 is driven around himself axis rotation by described input part 11, and its concrete structure sees for details following.

Described output 14 only be provided with one with its overrunning clutch that directly links to each other 2, the power after described bending moment mechanism 1 bending moment, speed change by a described overrunning clutch 2 can folk prescription to output speed.Thereby simple in structure, easy to assembly, reduced cost of production.

Described overrunning clutch 2 is first overrunning clutch; As shown in Figure 2, described first overrunning clutch 2 is the face contact type unidirectional clutch of axial compression, the joint element 23,24 of its active part 21 and secondary part 22 is axial arranged, and the mating face of described joint element 23,24 fits tightly the frictional force carry-over moment of together also passing through each other during locking.Compare with the radial clutch of prior art mid point contact-type, transmission efficiency height not only, in the time of satisfying automobile running at a high speed, the needs of high frequency running operating mode, and wear resistance is good, long service life.The output shaft 25 of described overrunning clutch 2 directly or by following auxiliary device 7 links to each other with load 300, passes torque to load 300.

Referring to Fig. 3, as further improvement to above preferred embodiment, this transmission device 300 comprises that also one is positioned at second overrunning clutch 3 of described bending moment mechanism 1 front end, the input part 31 of described second overrunning clutch 3 is connected with power source 100, and output 32 is connected with the input part 11 of described bending moment mechanism 1.The locking direction of described second overrunning clutch 3 is identical with the locking direction of the positive veer of motor and first overrunning clutch 2.Because the existence of described second overrunning clutch 3, the power of motor can only folk prescription to passing to described bending moment mechanism 1, even the rotating speed of the input part 11 of described bending moment mechanism 1 is higher than engine speed, because being in when rotating round about, described second overrunning clutch 3 surmounts state, thereby can not give motor with the anti-pass of opposite direction moment, can therefore not reduce efficiency of engine.

Referring to Figure 4 and 5, further improvement as above-mentioned two kinds of preferred embodiments, this transmission device 200 also comprises the 3rd overrunning clutch 4 of being located at described first overrunning clutch 2 rear ends, described the 3rd overrunning clutch 4 is opposite with the locking direction of described first overrunning clutch 2, its moving element is connected with the secondary part 22 of described first overrunning clutch 2, and fixed part is fixed in the described housing 8.The overrunning clutch of ball type or wedge block type gets final product in described the 3rd overrunning clutch 4 employing prior aries, it is used to limit output 25 counter-rotatings of described first overrunning clutch 2, for example, vehicle is parked in when upward trend when being in forward gear, even do not pull the hand brake, because the restriction of this overrunning clutch, vehicle can not fall back yet, and greatly facilitates driver's operation.

A kind of mode of execution as each preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5: described bending moment part 1 is the structure shown in Fig. 6 A, the 6B, and it comprises that a described support 12 and symmetry are installed on the described eccentric structure assembly 13 of two covers at described support 12 two ends; The described eccentric structure assembly 13 of every cover comprises a driven shaft 132 and the described eccentric massblock 131 and the driven gear 133 that are installed on the described driven shaft 132, and described eccentric massblock 131 and described driven gear 133 are articulated in the end of described support 12 by described driven shaft 132.As shown in FIG., the longitudinal section of described support 12 is the H type, and described driven shaft 132 passes the two side of described support 12, and an end of described driven shaft 132 is fixed with described driven gear 133, and the other end is fixing by snap ring 137; All be provided with a pad 135 between the two side of described snap ring 137 and described driven gear 133 and described support 12, thereby reduce the wearing and tearing of support 12.Described eccentric massblock 131 is held between the two side of described support 12, and not only axially locating is convenient, and more safe and reliable.

Shown in 6A, 6B among the figure, the input part 11 of described bending moment mechanism 1 comprises a driving shaft 111 and is installed on a driving gear 112 on the described driving shaft 111, described driving shaft 111 is connected (Fig. 2,4 illustrated embodiments) with the output shaft of motor, or is connected (Fig. 3,5 illustrated embodiments) with described second overrunning clutch 3; Described driving gear 112 and described driven gear 133 engagements; Described output 14 is one to be fixed in the output shaft at described support 12 centers, and the active part 21 of described first overrunning clutch 2 is connected with described output shaft 14.Described eccentric massblock 131 is connected by key 136 with described driven shaft 132, thereby when the described driven gear 133 of described driving gear 112 drivings rotates, described eccentric massblock 131 is the rotation of axis complete cycle with described driven shaft 132, drives the centrifugal force that described support 12 rotates thereby produce.Can be when described support 12 rotates by described output shaft 14 output torques.

Fig. 6 C, 6D show a kind of replacement pattern of this kind mode of execution, and different with structure shown in 6A, the 6B is, described support 12 is a planar, compares with aforementioned structure, and its structure is simpler, has also alleviated the weight of bending moment mechanism 1 and even whole speed change gear 200.

Another kind of mode of execution as each preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5, described bending moment part 1 is the structure shown in Fig. 7 A, the 7B, comprises a described support 12 and is installed on the described support 12 and the described eccentric structure assembly 13 of along the circumferential direction equally distributed three covers; The described eccentric structure assembly 13 of every cover comprises a driven shaft 132 and the described eccentric massblock 131 and the driven gear 133 that are installed on the described driven shaft 132; As shown in FIG., described support 12 is a discoid body, and described eccentric massblock 131 and described driven gear 133 are articulated in the edge of described support 12 by described driven shaft 132.Mechanism compares with bending moment shown in the 6A to 6D, and this bending moment mechanism can produce bigger converter torque ratio, more is applicable to the heavy vehicle that load is bigger.Because the described eccentric structure assembly 13 of three covers along the circumferential direction evenly distributes, thereby can guarantee the mutual all the time balance of the radial force with respect to its spin axis suffered on the described support 12, peripheral force makes the torque of couple of support 12 around its spin axis rotation along the same direction of circumference thereby form.

The input part 11 of described bending moment mechanism 1 and the structure of output 12 are identical with above-mentioned mode of execution, input part 11 comprises a driving shaft 111 and a driving gear 112 that is installed on the described driving shaft 111, described driving shaft 111 is connected (Fig. 2,4 illustrated embodiments) with the output shaft of motor, or is connected (Fig. 3,5 illustrated embodiments) with described second overrunning clutch 3; Different with the foregoing description, described driving gear 112 and three described driven gear 133 engagements; Described output 14 is one to be fixed in the output shaft at described support 12 centers, and the active part 21 of described first overrunning clutch 2 is connected with described output shaft 14.Fig. 7 C, 7D show a kind of replacement pattern of this kind mode of execution, and be identical with previous embodiment, also be to change the H type support 12 shown in 7A, the 7B into planar, thereby structure is simpler, has also alleviated the weight of bending moment mechanism 1 and even whole speed change gear 200.

Referring to Fig. 8 A, 8B, a kind of mode of execution as each preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5, described first overrunning clutch 2 is a screw clamp compact form overrunning clutch, comprises a clutch drum 51 and is located at first, second clutch disk 52,53 that is parallel to each other in the described clutch drum 51, at least one bulging friction plate 54 and at least one spring 55; Described spring 55 can apply pretightening force to first, second clutch disk 52,53, described first, second clutch disk 52,53 clamps described bulging friction plate 54 under the effect of described spring 55, described bulging friction plate 54 is placed on the sleeve 56, but and with described clutch drum 51 transmitting torques be linked together; Described sleeve 56 has internal thread, and a transmission axle 57 stretches in the described sleeve 56, and its inserting end is formed with the outside thread with described screw-internal thread fit.

As shown in Fig. 8 A, 8B, in the preferred embodiment that the present invention provides, be provided with the described bulging friction plate 54 of multi-disc altogether, accompany a dish friction plate 58 between every two adjacent drum friction plates 54; But described dish friction plate 58 is placed on the described sleeve 56 and is linked together with it transmitting torque.By direction as shown, when moment is transmitted from left to right, described clutch drum 51 and drum friction plate 54 are described active part 21, described dish friction plate 58, sleeve 56, first, second clutch disk 52,53 and transmission axle 57 are described secondary part 22, and described bulging friction plate 54 and dish friction 58 are for being equivalent to the joint element 23,24 of driving and driven part respectively.When adopting the described bulging friction plate 54 of a slice, described first, second clutch disk 52,53 just is equivalent to the joint element 24 of described secondary part 22, promptly coils friction plate, thereby need not establish dish friction plate 58 in addition.

As shown in Fig. 8 A, 8B, the spin axis of described clutch drum 51, first, second clutch disk 52,53, drum friction plate 54, sleeve 56 and described dish friction plate 58 overlaps; Described bulging friction plate 54 passes through splined with described clutch drum 51, and described dish friction plate 58 and described sleeve 56 also pass through splined.Adopt splined can not only guarantee that the moment of torsion of importing can be transmitted effectively, and easy to process, reduced cost of production.One end opening of described clutch drum 51 (right-hand member among the figure), the other end middle part is formed with outward extending hollow shaft 511, the inserting end of described transmission axle 57 is supported in the described hollow shaft 511 by bearing 50, thereby both be convenient to the installing and locating of described transmission axle 57, can guarantee the dead in line of described transmission axle 57 and described clutch drum 51 again.In the preferred embodiment that the present invention provides, described bearing 50 is a needle bearing, thereby helps guaranteeing the accurate of described transmission axle location.

As shown in Fig. 8 A, 8B, described first clutch dish 52 is fixed on the described transmission axle 57, and is installed in the opening end of described clutch drum 51 by the first snap ring 59A; Described second clutch dish 53 and described sleeve 56 are integrally formed, and are installed on the described transmission axle 57 by the second snap ring 59B.As shown in FIG., in the preferred embodiment that the present invention provides, only be provided with a spring 55 in the described clutch drum 51, described spring 55 is one to be placed in the sheet stage clip on the described transmission axle 57, and it is located between described second snap ring 59B and the second clutch dish 53.Adopt the sheet stage clip can not only effectively apply pretightening force, and axial dimension is little, thereby has reduced spring 55 occupied space in described clutch drum 51, and then reduced the volume of whole overrunning clutch.

The output shaft 14 of the hollow shaft 511 of clutch drum described in the using process 51 and described bending moment mechanism 1 is by key connecting, and described transmission axle 57 also passes through key connecting with the external world.Referring to Fig. 8 A and 8C, the working principle and the process of this spiral compression type overrunning clutch 2 are as follows: when described output shaft 14 L1 direction (the locking direction of this clutch) in figure is rotated, the drag direction of load this moment is the L1 opposite direction, and described output shaft 14 drives described clutch drum 51 and drum friction plate 54 rotates along the L1 direction; Because the effect of described stage clip 55 pretightening forces, there is frictional force in described bulging friction plate 54 and 58, and described bulging friction plate 54 relies on frictional force drive dish friction plate 58 also along the rotation of L1 direction, and described dish friction plate 58 drives described sleeve 56 by spline and rotates along the L1 direction.Owing to be provided with right-handed thread between described transmission axle 57 and the sleeve 56, therefore described sleeve 56 and second clutch dish 53 move right along transmission axle 57, further compress described bulging friction plate 54 and dish friction plate 58.This moment, this clutch was in lockup state, and described transmission axle 57 also will rotate along the L1 direction.Multi-disc drum friction plate 54 is set and coils friction plate 58 and can effectively increase friction factor.Under the set situation of drum friction plate 54 and dish friction plate 58,, in the time of can guaranteeing input torque along the L1 direction, can realize self-locking between the driving and driven part 21,22 by the size of appropriate design helixangle.Otherwise when input torque is along with the L1 opposite direction time, clutch is in and surmounts state, can't carry-over moment.When being provided with left-handed thread between described transmission axle 57 and the described sleeve 56, its locking direction is with above-mentioned opposite.

Fig. 8 C is the working principle schematic representation of the overrunning clutch of the clamping of spiral shown in Fig. 8 A, the basic principle that spiral clamps is identical with the basic principle that the inclined-plane clamps, shown in Fig. 8 C (a), the right angle side that screw thread promptly is equivalent to right-angled triangle is vertical with the rotational axis of cylinder, hypotenuse is wrapped in and forms on the cylndrical surface, and the angle of inclination beta of hypotenuse is the helix angle of screw thread; The working principle of the overrunning clutch that spiral clamps is shown in Fig. 8 C (b), cooperating between the outside thread of voussoir and the internal thread that cooperating of inclined-plane promptly is equivalent to described sleeve 56 and described transmission axle 57, voussoir is equivalent to the assemblying body of second clutch dish 53 and sleeve 56, and inclined-plane and the part that is connected as a single entity with it are equivalent to the assemblying body of transmission axle 57 and first clutch dish 52; The stressed schematic representation of voussoir when being depicted as the overrunning clutch locking as Fig. 8 C (c), the stressed schematic representation of voussoir when Fig. 8 C (d) is depicted as the overrunning clutch release, f and μ are respectively bulging friction plate 54 and coil the frictional force and the friction factor of 58 of friction plates, f ' and μ ' are respectively frictional force and the friction factor between screw pair, n is the sheet number of drum friction plate 54, N is for rousing the positive pressure of 53 on friction plate 54 and second clutch dish, and S is the positive pressure between the screw-thread fit face; Should make friction plate produce self-locking, can guarantee the screw thread automatic unlocking again, should satisfy following condition:

$\frac{\mathrm{\μ}+{\mathrm{\μ}}^{\′}}{1-\mathrm{\μ}{\mathrm{\μ}}^{\′}}\≤\tan \mathrm{\β}\≤\frac{(2n-1)\mathrm{\μ}-{\mathrm{\μ}}^{\′}}{1+(2n-1)\mathrm{\μ}{\mathrm{\μ}}^{\′}}$

Referring to Fig. 8 D, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, second overrunning clutch 3 that is positioned at described bending moment mechanism 1 front end also is the spiral overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 8 A, the 8B, therefore second overrunning clutch 3 also can transmitting large torque, powerful power, and long service life, therefore the transmission device of this structure can not only be applied to sedan car, can also be applied to heavy vehicle.

Referring to Fig. 9 A, 9B, another kind of mode of execution as each preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5, the overrunning clutch that described first overrunning clutch 2 compresses for quadratic crank mechanism, comprise by the clutch disk 61 and the housing 60 formed of clutch cover 62 that cover mutually together, as shown in FIG., in the preferred embodiment that the present invention provides, described clutch disk 61 and clutch cover 62 are by Bolt Connection.Be provided with a clutch hub 63, multi-disc hub friction plate 65, at least one cover dish friction plate 64 and at least one cover four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms 66 in the described housing 60.As shown in FIG., described clutch hub 63 is positioned at the central authorities of described housing 60, the middle part of described clutch cover 62 is formed with a through hole 622, and an end of described clutch hub 63 (right-hand member among the figure) 622 exposes from described through hole, thereby can connect with extraneous input shaft or output shaft.Described hub friction plate 65 is circular, but its be placed on the described clutch hub 63 and be linked together with it transmitting torque, in the preferred embodiment that provides in the drawings, described clutch hub 63 passes through splined together with hub friction plate 65.The center of described clutch disk 61 is equipped with a transmission axle 612, and an end of described transmission axle 612 is protruding, inputs or outputs axle with the external world and links; The other end is supported in by bearing 67 in the center hole of described clutch hub 63, and described bearing 67 is a needle bearing.Thereby transmission axle 611 not only radial location is accurate, and rotate flexibly.

Described dish friction plate 64 has identical tricks with described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms 66, as shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B, in the preferred embodiment that the present invention provides, described housing 60 is provided with the described four connecting rod hold down gags 66 of three covers, be provided with the described dish friction plate 64 of three covers in the described housing 60 accordingly, described three covers, four connecting rod pressure devices 66 along the circumferential direction evenly distribute with described dish friction plate 64.

As shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B, the described dish friction plate 64 of every cover comprises the friction plate that the multi-disc part is circular, itself and described hub friction plate 65 alternate layouts; The described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms 66 of every cover have a cross bar 661, and the same position of described dish friction plate 64 each sheet of every cover has a through hole 641, and described cross bar 661 passes described through hole 641; Described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms 66 are pressed to described dish friction plate 64 and hub friction plate 65 rubbing surface of described clutch disk 61.Referring to Fig. 9 B, the concrete structure of the described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms 66 of every cover is: comprise two support arms 662,663 that are parallel to each other and the described cross bar 661 that is connected two supporting walls 662,663; The equal in length of described two support arms 662,663, one end are articulated on the described housing 60 by an attachment pegs 664 respectively, and as shown in FIG., described support arm 662,663 is articulated in respectively on described clutch disk 61 and the described clutch cover 62; The other end is hinged with a contiguous block 667,668 by an attachment pegs 665,666 respectively, and the two ends of described cross bar 661 are individually fixed on described two contiguous blocks 667,668.Described housing 60, two support arms 662,663 and cross bar 661 constitute a parallel four-bar linkage.One end of described cross bar 661 is with a spring 660, and the other end is provided with a briquetting 669, and described briquetting 669 is articulated on the described attachment pegs 666.

As shown in FIG., described spring 660 is a stage clip, described stage clip 660 and described briquetting 669 act on the both sides of every cover dish friction plate 64 respectively, described stage clip 660 produces the pretightening force that compresses described dish friction plate 64 and described hub friction plate 65, and each described dish friction plate 64 and hub friction plate 65 are fit together mutually.

As shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B, also be provided with two through hole 642,643, two straight pins 68,69 on the described dish friction plate 64 of every cover and pass described two through hole 642,643 respectively, thereby each sheet dish friction plate is cascaded; Two elongated slots 611,621 that are shaped accordingly on described clutch disk 61 and the clutch cover 62 and extend along circumferencial direction; Insert in the described elongated slot 611,621 at the two ends of described straight pin 68,69, and the two is provided with two parallel planes that cooperatively interact.Thereby the described dish friction plate 64 of every cover is installed on described clutch cover 61 and the clutch disk 62 by described two straight pins 68,69 are rotatable, and described two straight pins 68,69 bear and respectively coil the centrifugal force that is produced when friction plate 64 rotates.

Referring to Fig. 9 C, the working procedure and the principle of the overrunning clutch of the quadratic crank mechanism compression type shown in Fig. 9 A, the 9B are as follows: when moment is imported by described clutch hub 63, described clutch hub 63 is an active part 21 with hub friction plate 65, and described dish friction plate 64 and housing 60 and transmission axle 612 are secondary part 22.When input torque drives clutch hub 63 when the L1 direction is rotated, described clutch hub 63 rotates along the L1 direction by spline drive hub friction plate 65; Described hub friction plate 65 drives friction plate 64 by frictional force and also rotates to the L1 direction, described hub friction plate 65 drives housing 60 by parallel four-bar linkage 66 and rotates along the L1 direction, this moment, described support arm 663 and briquetting 669 further compressed hub friction plate 65 and dish friction plate 64, thereby realized self-locking.Otherwise, when transmission axle 612 rotates in opposite direction, described hub friction plate 65 is along the phase despining, this moment, parallel four-bar linkage 66 was in released state automatically, the pressure of briquetting 669 pairs of dishes friction plate 64 and hub friction plate 65 reduces, described active part 21 and secondary part 22 can relatively rotate, and this clutch is in and surmounts state; If the friction factor that dish friction plate 64 and hub friction plate are 65 is μ, the support arm 662,663 of parallel four-bar linkage and the angle of overrunning clutch spin axis direction are α, n is the sheet number of dish friction plate 64 or hub friction plate 65, and then the condition of this overrunning clutch self-locking is:

tanα≤(2n-1)μ

Referring to Fig. 9 D, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described second clutch 3 also is above-mentioned four connecting rod compression type overrunning clutchs, not only be quick on the draw, and wear resistance is good, can transmit high-power moment, available various heavy vehicles.

As the further improvement of each preferred embodiment shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2 to 5, described bending moment mechanism 1 also comprises the lock-up clutch in relative rotation 15 that is used to lock described input part 11 and support 12; When vehicle is run at high speed on straight good road surface, the required driving force of vehicle is less, transmission device 200 need not to increase the output torque of motor, for reducing the energy transfer loss of transmission device 200, install lock-up clutch 15 additional in described bending moment mechanism 1, the moment that is transmitted by input part 11 is transmitted backward with size is constant like this.Described lock-up clutch 15 can adopt multi-disc wet clutch of the prior art or magnetic clutch etc.Described lock-up clutch 15 total following three kinds of mounting types are referring to Figure 10 A to 10C.

In the scheme shown in Figure 10 A, described lock-up clutch 15 is located between described driving gear 112 and the described support 12, and its active part 151 links to each other with described driving gear 112, and secondary part 152 links to each other with described support 12.After active part 151 and secondary part 152 engaged, described support 12 rotated synchronously with described driving gear 112, can not the recur effect of bending moment of at this moment described bending moment mechanism 1.This mounting type is simple in structure, easy for installation, and saves the space.

In the scheme shown in Figure 10 B, described bending moment mechanism 1 also comprises two or three lock-up clutches 15, when as shown in Fig. 2,4, when being provided with the described eccentric structure assembly 13 of two covers, only two lock-up clutches 15 need be set; When shown in Fig. 3,5, be provided with the described eccentric structure assembly 13 of three covers, three described lock-up clutches 15 need be set.Described lock-up clutch 15 is located between described driven shaft 132 and the described support 12, and its active part 151 links to each other with described driven shaft 132, and secondary part 152 links to each other with described support 12.Behind described active part 151 and secondary part 152 joints, each described eccentric massblock 132 no longer rotates around driven shaft 132, but is fixed on the described support 12, thereby described input part 11 and described support 12 rotate together.

In the scheme shown in Figure 10 C, described bending moment mechanism 1 also comprises a lock-up clutch 15; Described lock-up clutch 15 is placed on the described output shaft 14, its active part 151 be placed on the described output shaft 14, and with can link to each other with respect to the gear 141 that described output shaft 14 rotates, secondary part 152 links to each other with described support 12; Described gear 141 and a gear 134 engagements that are installed on described driven shaft 132.When the driving and driven part 151,152 of described lock-up clutch 15 was bonded with each other, described gear 141 rotated synchronously with described support 12.

Referring to Figure 11 A, 11B, as the further improvement of each preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 to 5, this transmission device 200 also comprises an auxiliary device 7 that is arranged at described first overrunning clutch 2 rear ends, has cut-out power and moment of torsion commutation function.Behind the installation auxiliary device 7, can realize easily in the driving process forward gear, reverse gear and neutral the driver's operation facility.

Two kinds of auxiliary devices that structure is slightly different have been provided respectively among Figure 11 A and the 11B.As shown in this two figure, described auxiliary device 7 comprises an input shaft assembly 71, an output shaft assembly 72, a countershaft assembly 73 and a reverse gear shaft assembly 74, a forward gear clutch 75 and a reverse clutch 76.The spin axis of described input shaft assembly 71, described output shaft assembly 72, described countershaft assembly 73 and described reverse gear shaft assembly 74 is parallel to each other.Its concrete linkage structure is: described input shaft assembly 71 is connected with the output 25 of described first overrunning clutch 2, it comprises an input gear 711, described input gear 711 is fixed on the described output 25, and is meshed with the fixed gear 731 of described countershaft assembly 73; The input gear 731 of described countershaft assembly 73 is fixed on the jack shaft 733, and is meshed with the commutation input gear 741 of described reverse gear shaft assembly 74; Described commutation input gear 741 is fixed on the reverse gear shaft 743, and also being with one on the described reverse gear shaft 743 can be with respect to the commutation output gear 742 of reverse gear shaft 743 rotations; Described commutation output gear 742 is meshed with the output gear 722 that reverses gear on the output shaft 723 that is installed on described output shaft assembly 72; Described reverse clutch 76 is placed on the described reverse gear shaft 743, and its active part 761 links to each other with described commutation input gear 741, and secondary part 762 links to each other with described commutation output gear 742.

In the given scheme of Figure 11 A, described output shaft assembly 72 coincides with the spin axis of described input shaft assembly 71; Described forward gear clutch 75 is installed between described input shaft assembly 71 and the described output shaft assembly 72, and its active part 751 links to each other with described input shaft assembly 71, and secondary part 752 links to each other with described output shaft assembly 72.The working principle of the auxiliary device 7 of this structure is as follows: when the active part 751 of described forward gear clutch 75 with after secondary part 752 engages, described output shaft assembly 72 rotates synchronously with input shaft assembly 71, power is forward gear by described output shaft 723 outputs; When the active part 761 of the described clutch 76 that reverses gear engages with secondary part 762 (the driving and driven part 751,752 of forward gear clutch 75 must be in separated state at this moment), power is through fixed gear 731 → commutation input gear 741 → commutation output gear 742 → reverse gear gear of output end 722 → output shaft 723 outputs of input gear 711 → jack shaft, opposite when the sense of rotation of output shaft 723 engages with forward gear clutch 76 at this moment, be and reverse gear; When the driving and driven part of the described forward gear clutch 75 and the clutch 76 that reverses gear all was in separated state, unpowered output was neutral on the output shaft 73.

Figure 11 B shows the auxiliary device 7 of another kind of structure, the mounting point of its forward gear clutch 75 is different with such scheme: also be with a sliding gear 732 that can rotate with respect to jack shaft 733 on the described jack shaft 733, a forward gear output gear 721 engagements on described sliding gear 732 and the output shaft 723 that is installed on described output shaft assembly 72; Described forward gear clutch 75 is placed on the described jack shaft 733, and its active part 751 links to each other with the fixed gear 731 of described countershaft assembly 73, and secondary part 752 links to each other with the sliding gear 732 of described countershaft assembly 73.Therefore when the driving and driven part 751,752 of described forward gear clutch 75 engaged, power was forward gears through fixed gear 731 → sliding gear 732 → forward gear output gear 721 → output shaft 723 outputs of input gear 711 → countershaft assembly.The auxiliary device 7 of this structure, output shaft assembly 72 can be positioned on the different axis with input shaft assembly 71, for example be arranged at and countershaft assembly 73 position side by side, therefore can help the layout of transmission device 200 on vehicle according to the mounting point of the shape reasonable disposition output shaft assembly 72 of housing 8.

Working principle and working procedure to transmission device provided by the invention is elaborated below, referring to Figure 12 A, 12B, for sake of convenience, there is shown the sectional block diagram that the overrunning clutch of bending moment mechanism with two cover eccentric structure assemblies and four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms is combined.

Referring to Figure 12 A, 12B, when motor drives driving shaft 111 clockwise (from left end, down together) when rotating, as long as there is speed discrepancy in input part 11 with support 12, then driving gear 112 drivings two driven gears 133 rotate along direction as shown, thereby eccentric massblock 131 can produce centrifugal force F around driven shaft 132 complete cycles rotations during its rotation, and the direction of power F be the barycenter (as shown in FIG.) along the center sensing eccentric massblock 131 of driven shaft 132; F acts on the support 12 by driven shaft 132, with power F radially can be decomposed into: radial force Fr and tangential force Ft along support 12 rotation with circumferencial direction, because two cover eccentric structure assemblies 13 are all about the center symmetry of support 12 at any time, two radial force Fr equal and opposite in directions, direction are opposite, and be located on the same line, thereby cancel each other; Two tangential force Ft equal and opposite in directions, direction is opposite and be parallel to each other, and the two forms torque of couple M at a distance of certain distance (the distance of shaft centers d of two driven shafts), described torque of couple M driving arm 12 rotations, thereby output shaft 14 turns clockwise, outside outputting power continuously.

The size and Orientation of the centrifugal force F that described eccentric massblock 131 produces in rotary course, the cyclically-varying with the difference of eccentric massblock 131 rotational position, thereby the size and Orientation of described torque of couple M also is cyclically-varying.When eccentric massblock 131 rotated to position shown in Figure 12 A, torque of couple M was a clockwise direction, and described support 12 and output shaft 14 clockwise rotate; Along with being rotated further of eccentric massblock 131, the direction of torque of couple M also changes, when rotating to position shown in Figure 12 B, described eccentric massblock 131 produces centrifugal force F along direction as shown, position opposite shown in tangential force Ft after it decomposes and the 12A, thereby producing counterclockwise torque of couple M, this torque of couple M makes support 12 rotate in the counterclockwise direction or its clockwise rotating speed is slowed down.Therefore, theoretically each moment of eccentric massblock 131 whole period of rotation is considered, the moment M size that described bending moment mechanism 1 is subjected to changes constantly, the direction alternate, the rotation of support 12 presents different motion states according to the rotating speed difference of overrunning clutch 2: under the situation of input part 11 normal rotation, when the rotating speed of the output of overrunning clutch 2 was zero, support 12 presented discontinuous pulsation on the direction that overrunning clutch 2 surmounts; When the output of overrunning clutch 2 has certain rotating speed, but the support 12 and when moment of momentum of the part of rotation is less than the change amount of eccentric massblock 132 moment of momentum together, support 12 swings back and forth occurring; When the rotating ratio of the output of overrunning clutch 2 is big, support 12 and together the moment of momentum of the part of rotation greater than the change amount of eccentric massblock 132 moment of momentum, support 12 will continue rotation to the locking direction of overrunning clutch 2 this moment, and the rotation of eccentric massblock 132 makes the rotation of support 12 fast neglecting slowly occur periodically neglecting.

As can be seen from the above analysis, moment and the rotating speed of exporting after bending moment speed change 1 bending moment, speed change, by output shaft 14 is intermittently, pulses.Further as follows in conjunction with the overrunning clutch that is installed on bending moment mechanism 1 rear end: referring to Figure 12 A to its working procedure, when torque of couple M is clockwise direction, described support 12 and output shaft 14 are rotated in a clockwise direction, clutch hub 63 and hub friction plate 65 that output shaft 14 drives first overrunning clutch 2 of rear end are rotated in a clockwise direction, and this moment, this overrunning clutch 2 was in lockup state automatically; Thereby hub friction plate 65 drive dish friction plates 64, housing 60 and transmission axle 612 are rotated in a clockwise direction the moment of output diagram L1 direction; Referring to Figure 12 B, when the direction of torque of couple M when being counterclockwise, described support 12 is along being rotated counterclockwise or along clockwise direction the rotating speed (output speed on first overrunning clutch 2 is decided) of slowing down, when support 12 rotates counterclockwise, its output shaft 14 drives clutch hub 63 and hub friction plate 65 edges are rotated counterclockwise, second overrunning clutch was in automatically and surmounted state this moment, not transmitting torque; When support 12 slows down along the speed that is rotated counterclockwise or turn clockwise, driving gear 112 increases with the speed discrepancy of support 12, thereby make driving gear 112 drive eccentric structure assembly 13 with angular velocity omega rotation faster, the more kinetic energy of eccentric massblock 131 storages this moment is (according to E=0.5J ω 2, J is an eccentric structure assembly 13 with respect to the rotary inertia of self rotating shaft), after torque of couple M is by counterclockwise change clockwise, can make that clockwise torque of couple M is bigger.Promptly when torque of couple M be counterclockwise the time, eccentric massblock 131 stored energy, when torque of couple M was clockwise direction, eccentric massblock 131 was by support 12 and output shaft 14 output energy.Therefore the output shaft 612 of described overrunning clutch can outwards be exported the moment of clockwise direction (the L3 direction shown in the figure) continuously.

As mentioned above, the rotating speed of the rotating ratio driving gear 112 of working procedure medium-height trestle 12 is slow, there is speed discrepancy between the two, utilizes the speed discrepancy of the two can realize according to automatic moment and the rotating speed of regulating described output shaft 14 and 612 outputs of overrunning clutch transmission axle of the variation of extraneous load size.Detailed process and principle are as follows: when vehicle driving up, when the resistance of the output shaft 25 of first overrunning clutch increases, when first overrunning clutch 2 is in lockup state, the resistance of the output shaft 14 of bending moment mechanism 1 also increases, the rotating speed of support 12 reduces automatically, thereby the speed discrepancy between driving gear 112 and the support 12 is increased, as previously mentioned, eccentric massblock 131 stores more kinetic energy at this moment, thereby following one-period can be exported bigger torque of couple M (Mt=I ω-I ω 0).When load reduced, the variation of each variable was just opposite with last operating mode description, and its output speed increases automatically, outwards also corresponding the reducing of moment of torsion of output.Such variation characteristic is fit to the requirement of vehicle stepless automatic transmission, so vehicle just can be realized stepless automatic transmission.

As previously mentioned, in order to prevent that the kinetic energy that eccentric massblock 131 stores from returning to motor, in the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and 5, between motor and bending moment mechanism 1, install second overrunning clutch 3 additional, make the energy of motor can only folk prescription to passing to bending moment mechanism 1, the kinetic energy that prevents eccentric structure assembly 13 returns to motor, sees Fig. 8 D, 9D for details.

The foregoing description is only for the usefulness that the present invention is described; those of ordinary skill in the art is under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; also can make various distortion and conversion; for example the tricks with eccentric structure assembly 13 on the support 12 becomes 1 cover or 4 covers, so all technological schemes that are equal to all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (24)

1, a kind of mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device, comprise housing (8) and be installed on the interior bending moment mechanism (1) of described housing (8), described bending moment mechanism (1) comprises input part (11), rotating support (12), is rotatably installed at least one cover eccentric structure assembly (13) and output (14) on the described support (12); Described input part (11) can independently rotate with described support (12), and the spin axis of the two coincides; It is characterized in that: the described eccentric structure assembly of every cover (13) comprises an eccentric massblock (131), and described eccentric massblock (131) is driven around himself axis rotation by described input part (11); Described output (14) only be provided with one with its overrunning clutch that directly links to each other (2), described overrunning clutch (2) is first overrunning clutch; Described first overrunning clutch (2) is the face contact type unidirectional clutch of axial compression, its active part (21) and secondary part (22) arrange that vertically the mating face of the joint element (23,24) of described driving and driven part (21,22) fits tightly the frictional force carry-over moment of together also passing through each other during locking.

2, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise that also one is positioned at second overrunning clutch (3) of described bending moment mechanism (1) front end, the input part (31) of described second overrunning clutch (3) is connected with power source, and output (32) is connected with the input part (11) of described bending moment mechanism (1).

3, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: also comprise the 3rd overrunning clutch (4) of being located at described first overrunning clutch (2) rear end, described the 3rd overrunning clutch (4) is opposite with the locking direction of described first overrunning clutch (2), its moving element is connected with the output (25) of described first overrunning clutch (2), and fixed part is fixed in the described housing (8).

4, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described bending moment part (1) comprises that a described support (12) and symmetry are installed on the two cover described eccentric structure assemblies (13) at described support (12) two ends; The described eccentric structure assembly of every cover (13) comprises a driven shaft (132) and is installed on a described eccentric massblock (131) and a driven gear (133) on the described driven shaft (132) that described eccentric massblock (131) and described driven gear (133) are articulated in the end of described support (12) by described driven shaft (132).

5, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the input part (11) of described bending moment mechanism (1) comprises a driving shaft (111) and is installed on a driving gear (112) on the described driving shaft (111), described driving shaft (111) is connected with power source or second overrunning clutch (3), described driving gear (112) and described driven gear (133) engagement; Described output (14) is one to be fixed in the output shaft at described support (12) center, and the active part (21) of described first overrunning clutch (2) is connected with described output shaft (14).

6, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described bending moment part (1) comprises a described support (12) and is installed on the last and along the circumferential direction equally distributed three cover described eccentric structure assemblies (13) of described support (12); The described eccentric structure assembly of every cover (13) comprises a driven shaft (132) and is installed on a described eccentric massblock (131) and a driven gear (133) on the described driven shaft (132); Described support (12) is a discoid body, and described eccentric massblock (131) and described driven gear (133) are articulated in the edge of described support (12) by described driven shaft (132).

7, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the input part (11) of described bending moment mechanism (1) comprises a driving shaft (111) and is installed on a driving gear (112) on the described driving shaft (111), described driving shaft (111) is connected with power source or second overrunning clutch (3), described driving gear (112) and described driven gear (133) engagement; Described output (14) is one to be fixed in the output shaft at described support (12) center, and the active part (21) of described first overrunning clutch (2) is connected with described output shaft (14).

8, according to claim 5 or 7 described mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission devices, it is characterized in that: described first overrunning clutch (2) is a screw clamp compact form overrunning clutch, comprises a clutch drum (51) and is located at first, second clutch disk (52,53), at least one bulging friction plate (54) and at least one spring (55) that is parallel to each other in the described clutch drum (51); Described first, second clutch disk (52,53) clamps described bulging friction plate (54) under the effect of described spring (55), described bulging friction plate (54) is placed on the sleeve (56), and with described clutch drum (51) but transmitting torque be linked together; Described sleeve (56) has internal thread, and a transmission axle (57) stretches in the described sleeve (56), and its inserting end is formed with the outside thread with described screw-internal thread fit.

9, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: be provided with the described bulging friction plate of multi-disc (54) altogether, accompany a dish friction plate (58) between every two adjacent drum friction plates (54); Described dish friction plate (58) is placed in described sleeve (56) but goes up and be linked together with it transmitting torque.

10, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the spin axis of described clutch drum (51), first, second clutch disk (52,53), drum friction plate (54), sleeve (56) and described dish friction plate (58) overlaps; Described bulging friction plate (54) passes through splined with described clutch drum (51), and described dish friction plate (58) and described sleeve (56) also pass through splined.

11, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 10 is characterized in that: an end opening of described clutch drum (51), and the other end middle part is formed with outward extending hollow shaft (511); Described first clutch dish (52) is fixed on the described transmission axle (57), and is installed on the opening end of described clutch drum (51) by first snap ring (59A); Described second clutch dish (53) is integrally formed with described sleeve (56), and is installed on the described transmission axle (57) by second snap ring (59B).

12, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: only be provided with a spring (55) in the described clutch drum (51), described spring (55) is one to be placed in the sheet stage clip on the described transmission axle (57), and it is located between described second snap ring (59B) and the described second clutch dish (53).

13, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: the inserting end of described transmission axle (57) is supported in the described hollow shaft (511) by bearing (50).

14, according to claim 5 or 7 described mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission devices, it is characterized in that: the overrunning clutch that described first overrunning clutch (2) compresses for quadratic crank mechanism, comprise by the clutch disk (61) and the housing (60) formed of clutch cover (62) that cover mutually together, be provided with a clutch hub (63), multi-disc hub friction plate (65), at least one cover dish friction plate (64) and at least one cover four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms (66) in the described housing (60); The middle part of described clutch cover (62) is formed with a through hole (622), and an end of described clutch hub (63) exposes from described through hole (622); Described hub friction plate (65) is circular, and it is placed on described clutch hub (63) but goes up and be linked together with it transmitting torque; Described dish friction plate (64) has identical tricks with described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms (66), and the described dish friction plate of every cover (64) comprises the friction plate that the multi-disc part is circular, itself and the alternate layout of described hub friction plate (65); The described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms (66) of every cover have a cross bar (661), and the same position of each sheet of the described dish friction plate of every cover (64) has a through hole (641), and described cross bar (661) passes described through hole (641); Described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms (66) are pressed to described dish friction plate (64) and hub friction plate (65) rubbing surface of described clutch disk (61).

15, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 14 is characterized in that: the described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms (66) of every cover comprise two support arms (662,663) that are parallel to each other and the described cross bar (661) that is connected two supporting walls (662,663); One end of described two support arms (662,663) is articulated on the described housing (60) by an attachment pegs (664) respectively, the other end is hinged with a contiguous block (667,668) by an attachment pegs (665,666) respectively, and the two ends of described cross bar (661) are individually fixed on described two contiguous blocks (667,668); One end of described cross bar (661) is with a spring (660), and the other end is provided with a briquetting (669), and described briquetting (669) is articulated on the described attachment pegs (666).

16, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 15, it is characterized in that: also be provided with two through hole (642,643) on the described dish friction plate of every cover (64), two straight pins (68,69) pass described two through hole (642,643) respectively, thereby each sheet friction plate is cascaded; Be formed with two elongated slots (611,621) that along the circumferential direction extend on described clutch disk (61) and the clutch cover (62) accordingly; Insert in the described elongated slot (611,621) at the two ends of described straight pin (68,69), and the two is provided with two parallel planes that cooperatively interact.

17, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 16 is characterized in that: described hub friction plate (65) passes through splined together with described clutch hub (63); The center of described clutch disk (61) is equipped with a transmission axle (612), and an end of described transmission axle (612) is protruding, and the other end is supported in the center hole of described clutch hub (63) by bearing (67).

18, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 17, it is characterized in that: described housing (60) is provided with the described four connecting rod hold-down mechanisms (66) of three covers, be provided with three cover described dish friction plates (64) in the described housing (60) accordingly, described three covers, four connecting rod pressure devices (66) along the circumferential direction evenly distribute with described dish friction plate (64).

19, according to claim 5 or 7 described mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission devices, it is characterized in that: described bending moment mechanism (1) also comprises a lock-up clutch (15), described lock-up clutch (15) is located between described driving gear (112) and the described support (12), its active part (151) links to each other with described driving gear (112), and secondary part (152) links to each other with described support (12).

20, according to claim 5 or 7 described mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission devices, it is characterized in that: described bending moment mechanism (1) also comprises two or three lock-up clutches (15), each described lock-up clutch (15) is located between described driven shaft (132) and the described support (12), its active part (151) links to each other with described driven shaft (132), and secondary part (152) links to each other with described support (12).

21, according to claim 5 or 7 described mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission devices, it is characterized in that: described bending moment mechanism (1) also comprises a lock-up clutch (15); Described lock-up clutch (15) is placed on the described output shaft (14), its active part (151) be placed on the described output shaft (14), and with can link to each other with respect to the gear (141) that described output shaft (14) rotates, secondary part (152) links to each other with described support (12); Described gear (141) and a gear (134) engagement that is installed on each described driven shaft (132).

22, according to claim 5 or 7 described mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission devices, it is characterized in that: also comprise being arranged at described first overrunning clutch (2) rear end, has an auxiliary device (7) that cuts off power and moment of torsion commutation function, described auxiliary device (7) comprises an input shaft assembly (71), one output shaft assembly (72), one countershaft assembly (73) and a reverse gear shaft assembly (74), one forward gear clutch (75) and a reverse clutch (76), described input shaft assembly (71), described output shaft assembly (72), the spin axis of described countershaft assembly (73) and described reverse gear shaft assembly (74) is parallel to each other;

Described input shaft assembly (71) is connected with the output (25) of described first overrunning clutch (2), and its input gear (711) is meshed with the fixed gear (731) of described countershaft assembly (73); The fixed gear (731) of described countershaft assembly (73) is fixed on the jack shaft (733), and is meshed with the commutation input gear (741) of described reverse gear shaft assembly (74); Described commutation input gear (741) is fixed on the reverse gear shaft (743), and also being with one on the described reverse gear shaft (743) can be with respect to the commutation output gear (742) of reverse gear shaft 743 rotations; Described commutation output gear (742) is meshed with the output gear that reverses gear (722) on the output shaft (723) that is installed on described output shaft assembly (72);

Described reverse clutch (76) is placed on the described reverse gear shaft (743), and its active part (761) links to each other with described commutation input gear (741), and secondary part (762) links to each other with described commutation output gear (742).

23, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 22 is characterized in that: described output shaft assembly (72) coincides with the spin axis of described input shaft assembly (71); Described forward gear clutch (75) is installed between described input shaft assembly (71) and the described output shaft assembly (72), and its active part (751) links to each other with described input shaft assembly (71), and secondary part (752) links to each other with described output shaft assembly (72).

24, mechanical stepless self-shifting transmission device according to claim 22, it is characterized in that: also be with a sliding gear (732) that can rotate with respect to jack shaft (733) on the described jack shaft (733), a forward gear output gear (721) engagement on described sliding gear (732) and the output shaft (723) that is installed on described output shaft assembly (72); Described forward gear clutch (75) is placed on the described jack shaft (733), and its active part (751) links to each other with the fixed gear (731) of described countershaft assembly (73), and secondary part (752) links to each other with the sliding gear (732) of described countershaft assembly (73).

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