CN1746487A - Free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

A dynamic and static blades turbine with dwindled then widened spout comprises tower base, blower fixed on the top of the base and a dynamo drove by the blower. The dynamic blades are coaxially fixed to the laryngeal part of the spout. The inlet and outlet of the spout are in bugle shape. In front of the dynamic blade, install static turbine guide blade. More wind is collected by the enlarged spout inlet then accelerated by the dwindled laryngeal. The additional blade not only changes wind direction but accelerate wind speed. The dynamic blade is an impulse type which generates work in excess of the limits of Betz theory, so maximizing the utility of wind and lowing down the cost.

Description

Free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of wind generating unit, particularly a kind of scaling type free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator.

Technical background

Wind energy is a clean energy resource with fastest developing speed in the renewable energy sources, also is the generation mode that has large-scale development and commercialized development prospect most.1993 to 2003 10 in the period of, the annual growth of world's wind-power electricity generation reaches 29.7%.To the year ends 2003, global wind-powered electricity generation electric motor power reaches 4,030 ten thousand kilowatts, and the wind-power electricity generation amount accounts for 0.5% of the total electric weight in the world.Wherein European total installation of generating capacity is 2,871 ten thousand kilowatts, accounts for 73% of world's wind-powered electricity generation electric motor power.German wind-power electricity generation accumulative total in 2003 electric motor power reaches 1,461 ten thousand kilowatt, accounts for global more than 1/3.India in 2003 accumulative total wind-power electricity generation electric motor power has also reached 2,130,000 kilowatts, arranges the 5th in the world, occupies the first place of developing country.The sight of future world wind-power electricity generation has been described with full and accurate data and penetrating analysis by EWEA in the report of recent portion, and expects the year two thousand twenty wind-power electricity generation and will account for 12% of world's electric power total amount.Wind energy is subjected to the generally attention of countries in the world as the strategic position of future source of energy supply important component part.

The THE WIND ENERGY RESOURCES IN CHINA reserves are abundant, and according to preresearch estimates, the wind energy resources of the land overhead 10 meters height layers of China can the exploitation amount be 2.53 hundred million kilowatts; The wind energy content of off sea 10 meters height layers of greater coasting area is about 7.5 hundred million kilowatts.On macroscopic view, China possesses the resources supplIes of extensive development wind-power electricity generation.To the end of the year 2004, China's wind-power electricity generation accumulative total electric motor power reaches 76.4 ten thousand kilowatts, and National Development and Reform Committee's planning grid connected wind power installation in 2005 will reach 1,000,000 kilowatts, reach 3,000,000 kilowatts in 2010, and the year two thousand twenty reaches 2,000 ten thousand kilowatts.

Because the energy density of wind energy resources is low, contemporary MW level main flow wind energy conversion system root diameter and tower height have surpassed hundred meters, leaf weight and have surpassed 10 tons, cat head weight and surpass hundred tons, the strength of materials, make almost near limit of erectility.In any case optimal design blade and self adaption become slurry apart from control, can't guarantee that all this wind energy conversion system paddle all is in optimum operating condition when the out of phase angle.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is at the problem of above-mentioned essence and a kind of free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle is provided.By de Laval noz(zle), collect interior in a big way wind energy, in jet pipe, quicken, make the wind energy conversion system of reduced size realize high-power output.Wind energy conversion system adopts the mode of stator+movable vane, and stator has not only changed airflow direction, and increases airspeed, makes wind do bigger merit to moving vane, and movable vane is then selected impulse blade for use.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:

A kind of free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle, comprise pylon, be installed in the wind turbine movable vane on pylon top and the generator that drives by wind energy conversion system, it is characterized in that described wind turbine level movable vane is installed in the interior throat of a de Laval noz(zle) and coaxial with de Laval noz(zle), de Laval noz(zle) inducer and outlet section are the horn shape enlarging; Static wind turbine stator is housed before the wind turbine movable vane.

Above-mentioned de Laval noz(zle) is axisymmetric de Laval noz(zle), and promptly along wind direction, sectional area diminishes earlier gradually, becomes big more gradually.

The throat that above-mentioned wind turbine level movable vane and stator are installed in de Laval noz(zle), wind turbine level stator is directly fixedlyed connected with de Laval noz(zle).

How much angle α of the outlet of above-mentioned wind turbine stator ₁＜50 °.

Above-mentioned wind turbine movable vane adopts impulse blade, and this moving vane is imported and exported angle β how much ₁＜80 °, β ₂＜80 °, and | β ₁-β ₂|≤65 °.

Above-mentioned de Laval noz(zle) is bearing in the top of pylon by a rolling and bearing mechanism that horizontally rotates, and realizes automatically to wind.

The above-mentioned rolling and bearing mechanism that horizontally rotates is single direction thrust ball bearing or double-direction thrust ball bearing or bearing with cross roller convex symmetrical roller bearing.

Principle of the present invention is as follows:

To conventional wind speed, generally in 12m/s, when wind speed is u ₁The time, Fig. 2 import sectional area is A ₁, the throat section is long-pending to be A ₂, wind energy conversion system is installed in the place, throat section.Supposing flow not to have sticking constant entropy, and the speed of turnover wind energy conversion system be axial (with u in the same way entirely ₁), for conventional wind energy conversion system,, can think can not baric flow moving, but for this novel speedup blower fan because speed is lower, because speed can increase to sizable degree, mobile in the de Laval noz(zle) is compressible flowing.

At contraction section, flow area diminishes, and speed increases, and when arriving wind energy conversion system, speed has been increased to c ₀Laggardly go into the wind energy conversion system stator, in the stator, speed continues to increase, and in stator, flow area continues to reduce, and speed further increases, and through behind the stator, exit flow speed becomes c ₁, velocity attitude becomes α with the impeller surface of revolution ₁Angle, disregard flow losses, ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="c"\; filenames="A20051003051100071.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{c_0}{\sin {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1},$ When the wind wheel rotational velocity was u, movable vane import relative velocity became w ₁, relative angle is β ₁For movable vane, w ₁The relative speed of wind import, through after the turning back of movable vane, become w ₂Relative speed of wind, relatively exit angle is β ₂, its absolute velocity becomes c ₂

After air-flow does work to wind turbine, enter the expansion pipeline, in the expansion pipeline, flow area becomes greatly gradually, and speed diminishes gradually, pressure goes back up to barometric pressure gradually, therefore, have the expansion pipeline behind the wind turbine, can make the pressure on the wind turbine exit position keep lower value (if be not with the expansion pipeline, the wind turbine outlet is exactly a barometric pressure), make that the wind turbine acting is bigger.

Object in the wind field always trends towards the state of flow resistance minimum.For de Laval noz(zle) shown in Figure 1, when facing, nozzle hole the wind comes from, and u promptly the wind comes from ₁With A ₁When face is vertical, the flow resistance minimum.As Fig. 2, on the top of pylon 4, to fix on the rolling bearing structure 6, de Laval noz(zle) is bearing on this rolling bearing structure, can horizontally rotate.The rolling bearing structure that this horizontally rotates can be single direction thrust ball bearing, double-direction thrust ball bearing, bearing with cross roller convex symmetrical roller bearing.Realize automatically to wind.

The present invention compared with prior art, have following conspicuous substantive outstanding feature and significant advantage: wind turbine level of the present invention is installed in the de Laval noz(zle), stator is housed before the movable vane, movable vane adopts impulse blade, de Laval noz(zle) can be collected wind energy in a big way and quicken, stator can change airflow direction and quicken, make the movable vane acting bigger, therefore, wind energy conversion system power of the present invention is big, efficient is high, can break through the Bates theoretical limit (0.59) of traditional wind-power electricity generation, improve wind energy utilization, reduce cost of wind power generation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 2 de Laval noz(zle) molded lines schematic representation

Fig. 3 wind turbine stator and movable vane and velocity diagram

Embodiment

Details are as follows for three embodiments of the present invention: referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, on basis 5, fixed gantry 4, rolling bearing structure 7 of the roof anchorage of pylon 4, this rolling bearing structure adopts single direction thrust ball bearing, and de Laval noz(zle) 1,2 is bearing on the rolling bearing structure 7, the import section A of de Laval noz(zle) 1,2 ₁Place's diameter is 5m, the A of throat ₂The diameter at place is 1m, and the camber line of de Laval noz(zle) midship section adopts 1 section circular arc, and the circular arc centre of curvature is at the runner outside, circular arc radius of curvature 20m.The wind turbine level is made up of stator 8 and movable vane 3, and Pitch radius is 0.8m, and the incoming flow wind speed is 1m/s, and the import and export angle of importing and exporting angle, rotating speed, ideal stage efficient and movable vane is:

Embodiment 1

α 1＝12°

c 1＝120m/s

?u opt＝58m/s

?η＝96％

β 1＝24°

β 2＝24°

							Embodiment 2	?α 1＝15°	c 1＝96m/s	?u opt＝46m/s	?η＝93％	β 1＝30°	β 2＝30°
Embodiment 3	?α 1＝20°	c 1＝73m/s	?u opt＝34m/s	?η＝88％	β 1＝41°	β 2＝41°

Like this, by design wind speed and Pitch radius, can obtain different α ₁Rotation speed of fan during following supreme ideal efficient, movable vane geometric angle or the like, desirable wind energy utilization is far above traditional 59.3% the limit.When considering that viscous flow and movable vane internal pressure are gone up, β ₂Usually and β ₁Etc., promptly movable vane is not pure impulse.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle, comprise pylon (4), be installed in the wind turbine movable vane (3) on pylon (4) top and the generator (6) that drives by wind energy conversion system, it is characterized in that described wind turbine level movable vane (3) is installed in de Laval noz(zle) (1,2) Nei throat and coaxial with de Laval noz(zle), de Laval noz(zle) inducer (1) and outlet section (2) they are the horn shape enlarging; Wind turbine movable vane (3) is preceding to be equipped with static wind turbine stator (8).

2, according to the described free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle of claim 1, it is characterized in that described de Laval noz(zle) is axisymmetric de Laval noz(zle), promptly along wind direction, sectional area diminishes earlier gradually, becomes big more gradually.

3, according to the described free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle of claim 1, it is characterized in that described wind turbine level movable vane (3) and stator (8) are installed in the throat of de Laval noz(zle), wind turbine level stator (8) is directly fixedlyed connected with de Laval noz(zle).

4,, it is characterized in that how much angle α of outlet of described wind turbine stator (8) according to the described free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle of claim 1 ₁＜50 °.

5, according to the described free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle of claim 1, it is characterized in that described wind turbine movable vane (3) adopts impulse blade, this moving vane is imported and exported angle β how much ₁＜80 °, β ₂＜80 °, and | β ₁-β ₂|≤65 °.

6,, it is characterized in that described de Laval noz(zle) is bearing in the top of pylon (4) by a rolling and bearing mechanism that horizontally rotates (7), realizes automatically to wind according to the described free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle of claim 1.

7,, it is characterized in that the described rolling and bearing mechanism that horizontally rotates is single direction thrust ball bearing or double-direction thrust ball bearing or bearing with cross roller convex symmetrical roller bearing according to the described free-running blade mean-pole wind-power generator of contraction and enlargement nozzle of claim 6.

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