CN1743578B - Steel reinforced concrete three-dimensional force-bearing structure floorslab - Google Patents

Abstract

A reinforced concrete cubic bearing structure floor framing includes cast-in-place concrete upper plates (1) and ribs (2), cavity die shells (3) arranged in gaps with the ribs (2) in between and the cast-in-place concrete upper plates (1) are on it, the three of which are cast to a bulk, among which, the cavity die shell (3) includes top plate (4), a sidewall (5) and a bottom (6) connected to constitute a sealed cavity (7), the top plate (4) and the side wall (5) are laminated, more than one rods (8) are in the cavity (7) characterizing that rods (8) in the cavity (7) are curved, fold line, cable, uniform section straight, variable section solid straight, up open end hollow rods or their combination, or the combinantion of the up open end hollow rods and the rods. The reinforced concrete cubic bearing structure floor framing provided by the invention is suitable for the hollow concrete structures such as roofs, sole plates and the like.

Description

A kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof

The application for the applying date be that April 30, application number in 2002 are 02117549.7, name is called the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention of " a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof ".

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof.

(2) background technology

Advantages such as at present, the building of brick mix structure and frame construction major part adopts precast hollow slab as floor structure, and it is fast that this floor structure has speed of application, and cost is low.But, only use the cement mortar joint filling, thereby globality is poor, is unfavorable for antidetonation, and phenomenons such as slit cracking, infiltration often occur owing to firmly do not link between adjacent two precast hollow slabs.For addressing the above problem, a lot of building have adopted the method for Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor (solid, hollow), have solved problems such as antidetonation, cracking and infiltration preferably, but this type floor construction relative difficult, and cost is higher relatively.Along with Building technology and expanding economy, the quality of building to be had higher requirement, increasing building have adopted the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor technology, particularly adopt the cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor technology.The patent No. is " shuttering member " utility model patent of 93206310.1; A kind of prefabricated noggin piece that the close rib cavity building roof of a kind of industry and civilian construction is used is disclosed; It by upper base, go to the bottom and sidewall constitutes; Sidewall all around and upper base, going to the bottom constitutes totally-enclosed cavity polyhedral structure, is provided with self support strength of ribs with the enhancement mode mould component in the die housing, and formwork self is cracky not.When it is applied to close rib cavity building roof,, shuttering member is placed on the supporter of floor gap by designing requirement; Reserve the certain clearance space between shuttering member; Arrange reinforcing bar, and pour into a mould that shuttering member promptly constitutes all very smooth integral cover structure of upper and lower surfaces with reinforced concrete with cement; Shuttering member in superstructure be internal mold be again to fill supporting member, construction saves trouble, easy.But this shuttering member is because the ribs of its set inside is board-like ribs; Weight is heavier relatively; Material consumption is big, and simultaneously its board-like ribs has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, does not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member; Constitute common stressed structural system with cast-in-situ concrete structure combination, with resist the drawing of various complicacies, press, cut, turn round, the effect of external force such as vibration.European patent number is that EP0884427A2, international Patent classificating number are that E04B5/21, name are called the european patent application of " A bettersolution for the concrete boxes normally used in the fungiformpavements "; Relate to the relevant recovery plastics manufacturing concrete of using and used hollow mould shell; And this formwork is in concrete highway construction and concrete superstructure application in engineering; This formwork is by upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom constitutes on every side; Upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side; In cavity, be provided with the rod member of 5 hollow taper shapes under shed, this rod member with go to the bottom and sidewall all around is a single injection-molded, upper plate is connected with sidewall all around through bolt and forms plastic form integral body.Equally; This kind plastic form has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate; Though its taper shape to the conveniently nestable transportation of hollow rod member of under shed, is not considered formwork is not designed to the primary load bearing member, constitutes common three-dimensional stressed structural system with the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure combination; To resist the effect that to resist lower pulling force and horizontal shear etc. in the effect of various complicated outside force, particularly formwork.Therefore, develop a kind of novel can the various complicated outside force effects of opposing, also have reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof in light weight, that material consumption is few simultaneously for being badly in need of.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof, can resist various complicated outside force effects, also have in light weight, characteristics such as material consumption is few, simple in structure, easy construction simultaneously.

Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprises cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, hollow mould shell, the hollow mould shell separation; Be the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib therebetween; Be the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate on it, the three pours into integral body, and wherein hollow mould shell comprises upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom on every side; Upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side; Upper plate, sidewall is superimposed with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib respectively on every side, and the rod member more than at least one is arranged in cavity, the invention is characterized in that the rod member in cavity is curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination; The perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member.Wherein, it is stressed that curvilinear rod is more suitable in formwork arch; Folding mast more is applicable in the special-shaped formwork; Cable is applicable to more and is drawn that as adopting the sheath cable, then its durability is better; Straight-bar is economized with material, and power transmission is direct, and it draws, presses performance all good, also can apply prestressing force; Upside open hollow bar can make Cast-in-place concrete and the interior stressed member of formwork be combined into one, and forms the common force structure of mutual build-in, and the variable cross-section hollow stem should not use separately, is used in combination preferable with other.Thereby the present invention can resist the effect of the external force such as drawing, press, cut, turn round of various complicacies; Re-entrant portion at superstructure has constituted dark rack force transferring structure; Its shock resistance, anti-vibration, anti-point load, crack resistance improve greatly; Corresponding steel content, the concrete consumption that reduces superstructure improves the plane stiffness of superstructure, also has in light weight, characteristics such as material consumption is few, simple in structure, easy construction simultaneously; Reached the object of the invention, the present invention also is applicable in the hollow concrete structures such as roof system, sole plate, concrete wall, bridge simultaneously.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity at least one rod member outside die housing, to be extended with shaft or rod end or reveals anchor rib or reveal net or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate or above-mentioned combination, and build-in is in Cast-in-place concrete.Like this, rod member in the die housing and the bonding between the Cast-in-place concrete and build-in are better, have solved the bond strength and the collaborative work property of the combination interface between prefabricated and the Cast-in-place concrete preferably, thereby the stress performance of superstructure, overall performance are higher.

Characteristic of the present invention also is in the formwork cavity, to be provided with at least more than one triangle rod member truss element or the handing-over rod member more than two that is made up of many rod members.Like this, because the triangular truss unit is stable geometric shapes, then the intensity of formwork and rigidity further improve; The performance of the stressed power transmission of formwork participation Cast-in-place concrete is better, and formwork is in light weight, and material consumption is few; Stability is better; Correspondingly the intensity of superstructure, rigidity improve, and weight is corresponding to be alleviated, and material consumption reduces.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements or handing-over rod member or both in the die housing constitute truss; Truss element or orthogonal thereto each other, the oblique of handing-over rod member, parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint is arranged or three-dimensional spatial arrangement or above-mentioned combination; Perhaps go back height layout straggly simultaneously, the truss that is constituted is the rod member truss of the fixed quadrangle of rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss or joint, pentagon, hexagon formation.Like this, the employed formwork of structure superstructure can design, make up the rod member in it according to actual needs fully, to satisfy the needs of the various different use occasions of different structure superstructure, different stressing conditions.

Characteristic of the present invention also is at upper plate or sidewall or go to the bottom or both or three on every side, its at least one in or external surface reinforcing rib is arranged, reinforcing rib is hollow or solid, or height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Like this, because reinforcing rib is arranged, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork further improve, and the build-in between the Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, and it is better that formwork is participated in performance stressed, power transmission.Thereby the intensity of superstructure, rigidity is higher, stressed, transmission force property is better.

Characteristic of the present invention also be upper plate, on every side sidewall, go to the bottom, reinforce arranged in the rod member, reinforcing rib, reinforce is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement, unbonded prestressing tendon or its combination.Like this, owing in the formwork reinforce is arranged, thereby the intensity of formwork, rigidity, impact toughness improves greatly, and whole stressed, transmission force property is greatly improved, correspondingly whole stressed, the transmission force property of superstructure, also greatly raising of overall performance.

Characteristic of the present invention also is from upper plate or goes to the bottom or both are extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal a net or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate or be extended with both or three simultaneously, is connected with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib or cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate; The base that perhaps upper plate or go to the bottom or both have base from outwards also choosing of sidewall on every side at least on one side simultaneously, upper plate or go to the bottom are chosen constitutes the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib.Like this, reveal anchor rib or reveal net etc. owing to have, formwork and Cast-in-place concrete adhesion strength greatly improve, and the globality of superstructure improves greatly, simultaneously because upper plate or go to the bottom and also be extended with the base like this, can omit the template of Cast-in-place concrete rib, the saving construction cost.

Characteristic of the present invention also be to go to the bottom or go to the bottom the base chosen with upper plate around be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps the base also be extended with simultaneously reveal anchor rib, reveal net, fiber exposure silk, anticracking grid cloth, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate, dovetail shaped iron plate or press mesh iron plate or their combination.Like this, the base of formwork and the bonding between the Cast-in-place concrete more by force, more firm, can prevent the generation in crack effectively, thereby the globality of superstructure is better.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib at least, and stiffening rib is solid or hollow, and perhaps its side also has reinforcing rib simultaneously.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork are further strengthened, and whole stressed, the transmission force property of superstructure further improve and improve.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also reinforce is arranged in the stiffening rib; Reinforce is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination, perhaps also simultaneously from sidewall or upper plate are extended with the dew anchor rib or reveal net or reveal rib or their combination on every side.Like this, the intensity of formwork and rigidity are further strengthened simultaneously owing to the anchor rib of revealing is arranged or reveal net or reveal rib, thereby and Cast-in-place concrete between bonding stronger, its overall performance, stress performance improve greatly.

Characteristic of the present invention also is upper plate, the surface of sidewall, lower shoe, rod member, reinforcing rib, stiffening rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band or strengthens surface layer on every side; Reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer also have anchoring pin or hole simultaneously.Like this, the bulk strength and the rigidity of formwork improve greatly, and stressed, the transmission force property of superstructure further improve.

Characteristic of the present invention also be to go to the bottom or upper plate in reinforcing bar in reinforcing bar and rod member or the stiffening rib be connected.Like this, the globality of shuttering member is better, and the globality of corresponding superstructure, mechanical property improve.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall has at least more than one boss; Boss is solid boss or hollow boss; Or also being filled with light material in the hollow boss, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib between the formwork is truss-like rib or truss web-type rib.Like this, because boss is arranged, thereby the minimizing of concrete consumption, the weight of whole superstructure further alleviates, and construction cost further reduces.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also the rod member more than at least 1 is arranged at least one boss, the anchor rib of revealing is perhaps also arranged on boss or the rod member simultaneously or reveal rod end or both combinations, and build-in is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.Like this, the rod member in the boss is participated in the stressed of truss-like Cast-in-place concrete rib, and the stress performance of superstructure is improved.

Characteristic of the present invention also be between the rod member self or and upper plate or on every side sidewall or go to the bottom between or on every side sidewall and upper plate or go to the bottom between be connected to splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination.Like this, the making of shuttering member is very convenient, and is easy to implement, and cost is low, and the cost of corresponding superstructure is also low.

Characteristic of the present invention also is upper plate or sidewall or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.Like this, can improve the adhesion stress between shuttering member and the Cast-in-place concrete better, improve the overall performance of superstructure.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate and sidewall on every side form is one deck cementitious matter one deck fiber or the cloth superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter again.Like this, shuttering member has improved the intensity and the rigidity of member through fiber reinforcement, thereby the intensity of superstructure is corresponding with rigidity is improved.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate or sidewall formation on every side is the composite construction that the girders layer single or double is wrapped up in rete outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete outward.Like this, formwork is a hollow wall, and the weight of formwork is further alleviated, and the construction carrying is more convenient, the weight saving of corresponding superstructure.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also rod member is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal steel bar concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe, steel pipe concrete pipe, stratiform coupled pole, hollow section filling or reinforcement coupled pole or their combination; Its cross sectional shape be circle, annular, square, prolate type, hollow, ring is hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, honeycomb hollow, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps its cross section is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member.Like this, the kind of rod member is more, has made things convenient for design, construction, the production of formwork, and cost is low, and the cost of corresponding superstructure has also obtained reduction.

Characteristic of the present invention also be rod member be upper plate, on every side sidewall, go to the bottom the perhaps reinforcing rib on it.Like this because utilize upper plate or go to the bottom or the reinforcing rib on it as rod member, both unite two into one, and have omitted rod member, thereby the weight of formwork further alleviates, the weight of corresponding superstructure also alleviates.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.Like this, made things convenient for the design and construction of superstructure.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, and perhaps it is gone to the bottom, and perhaps stiffening rib one end is thinner, and the other end is thicker.Like this, in the construction of superstructure,, adopt this kind formwork, can improve effective converting thickness of concrete, make things convenient for the design and construction of superstructure near wall, post, beam limit.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle or suspension hook.Like this, when floor construction, make things convenient for the carrying and the construction of shuttering member.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook, wire drawing, suspender member, embedded iron parts, deep gouge, reserving hole, pre-buried conduit, junction box, water pipe, air chimney or their combination, wear in addition in perhaps going to the bottom muscle with hole or with above-mentioned combination.Like this, the follow-up construction and the finishing of more convenient superstructure.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity soundproof course or is filled with light material, and light material is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Like this, the insulation of superstructure, heat insulation, sound insulation value improve greatly, are applicable to the occasion of insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also upper plate and sidewall on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, organic glass steel plate, waterproof board, sawdust board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to go to the bottom for concrete, fiber concrete, cement mortar, Cement fibre mortar, polymer concrete or includes going to the bottom of reinforce simultaneously.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to be provided with anticracking structure part in the bottom of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib near the position above the base of going to the bottom or choosing, and anticracking structure part is gauze wire cloth, presses the mesh iron plate, is with a sour jujube iron plate, anticracking grid cloth.Like this, the bonding between the cast-in-place and prefabricated concrete is stronger, can prevent the superstructure crackle effectively.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to flush with the bottom surface of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, constitutes the dark rib of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete; Or between the concrete post, between the concrete post wall or the bottom of the Cast-in-place concrete beam between the wall flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam.

Characteristic of the present invention also is in Cast-in-place concrete rib, Cast-in-place concrete beam, hollow mould shell or it is gone to the bottom wears muscle and passes in hole and have or not bonding or bonded prestressed tendon.Like this, the stress performance of superstructure is better, can prevent the generation of crackle effectively, is specially adapted to the long-span floor system structure.

Characteristic of the present invention also is in the Cast-in-place concrete rib or in the Cast-in-place concrete beam shaped steel is arranged; Shaped steel is cold-rolled forming section, channel-section steel, i shaped steel, and cold-rolled forming section is C type, L type,

type, U type, type, II type.Like this, the stress performance of superstructure is better, is applicable to the long-span floor system structure.

Characteristic of the present invention also is below the going to the bottom of hollow mould shell, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom is arranged; Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom parcel hollow mould shell; The folder dead level superstructure of space bar member load does not perhaps have the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate in forming, sidewall around the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel; Upper plate exposes with going to the bottom simultaneously, forms grid rib net rod member hollow steel bar concrete superstructure.Like this, this structure superstructure can be applied to wall body structure better.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1, and 1 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, and 2 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib; 3 is hollow mould shell; 4 is the upper plate of hollow mould shell 3, and 5 is the sidewall on every side of hollow mould shell 3,6 going to the bottom for hollow mould shell 3; 7 is the enclosed cavity in the hollow mould shell 3, and 8 is the rod member in the enclosed cavity 7.Shown in Figure 1,7 uniform section straight-bars are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, and 4 curvilinear rod are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the combination of many straight line poles and cable is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and the combination of many straight line poles is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, and at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two that is made up of many rod members 8 arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, and at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two that is made up of many rod members 8 arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, and the hollow rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, Cast-in-place concrete get into and form coupled pole in the hollow stem, and build-in forms in-situ deposited prefabricated integral body each other.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, the rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, also have a net of revealing 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 on the formwork simultaneously.

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the rod member 8 in its formwork cavity 7 has the anchor rib 12 of revealing to having exposed outside shaft 11 on it.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and the truss 15 in its formwork cavity 7 is a space truss, rod member 8 is arranged simultaneously as hound.

Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and the inner surface of its upper plate 4 has solid reinforcing rib 16, and height, thickness do not wait.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and it is gone to the bottom has intersecting parallels reinforcing rib 16 on 6.

Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, its upper plate 4 with in the sidewall 5 fibrous mesh cloth reinforce 17 is arranged on every side.

Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, is extended with on its upper plate 4 to reveal anchor rib 12, reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, and goes to the bottom and 6 choose base 18 is arranged.

Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, is hypotenuse shape around its 6 bases 18 of choosing of going to the bottom, and also is extended with fiber exposure silk 19, anticracking grid cloth 20, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, dovetail shaped iron plate 21 or mesh iron plate 22 simultaneously.

Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, is provided with the hollow reinforced rib 23 of a slice in its die housing, and simultaneously, there is reinforcing rib 16 its side.

Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, in its stiffening rib 23 reinforcing bar reinforce 17 is arranged, and is extended with dew rib 24 from upper plate 4, is extended with on it to reveal anchor rib 12, dew net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14.

Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and all there are 2 hollow boss 25 each side around its formwork, and the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 between the formwork is a truss web-type rib.

Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, is provided with 2 rod members 8 in its each boss 25, and exposes rod end 11 simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 12.

Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and sidewall 5 and upper plate 4 around it, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are welding, and rod member 8 and upper plate 4, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are splicing.

Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, and its upper plate 4 is a plucking shape rough surface with the external surface of sidewall 5 on every side.

Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, and the formwork that its upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 27 and one deck cloth 28 superimposed layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 27 again; Rod member 8 is the upper shed hollow stem, and the reinforce reinforcing bar is arranged in the bar, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, and Cast-in-place concrete gets in the hollow stem 8, bonds build-in each other and forms integral body.

Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and its formwork is the composite construction that girders layer 29 or honeycomb hole skeleton 31 single faces are wrapped up in rete 30 outward.

Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, is pasted with reinforcing band 32 on its formwork, or is fixed with enhancing surface layer 33, and has anchoring pin 34 simultaneously.

Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, and its rod member 5 is a upper plate 4, and the two unites two into one, and has omitted rod member, has alleviated formwork weight.

Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, and its formwork is provided with handle 35.

Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, and its formwork is provided with drag hook 36, wire drawing 37, suspender member 38, embedded iron parts 39, deep gouge 40, reserving hole 41, air chimney 45.

Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and its formwork is provided with conduit 42, junction box 43, water pipe 44.

Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, is provided with soundproof course 47 in its cavity 7.

Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, is filled with expanded perlite 48 in its cavity 7.

Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and the bottom of its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib is provided with the gauze wire cloth structure part 49 of anticracking.

Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, and the following of its Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 6 flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam 50.

Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, its Cast-in-place concrete rib 2 with go to the bottom 6 wear muscle with having passed presstressed reinforcing steel 51 in the hole 46.

Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34, in its Cast-in-place concrete rib 2 with in the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 I shape shaped steel 52 is arranged.

Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35, and it is gone to the bottom also has cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 below 6, forms the folder dead level superstructure of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel hollow mould shell 3, and this kind structure also is very suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall.

Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36; There is not cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 on the upper plate 4 for hollow mould shell 3; Upper plate 4, go to the bottom and 6 expose simultaneously; Form grid Cast-in-place concrete rib net rod member formula hollow steel bar concrete superstructure, this structure also is highly suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall, 54 expressions reservation sprue gate for in-site pouring concrete among the figure.

(5) specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described.

The present invention is shown in accompanying drawing; Comprise cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, hollow mould shell 3, hollow mould shell 3 separation are cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 therebetween; It on it cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1; The three pours into integral body, and wherein hollow mould shell 3 comprises upper plate 4, sidewall 5 and go to the bottom 6 on every side, upper plate 4, sidewall 5 and go to the bottom and 6 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 7 on every side; Upper plate 4, sidewall 5 is superimposed with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 respectively on every side; Rod member 8 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 7, the invention is characterized in that the rod member 8 in cavity 7 is curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1, and 1 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, and 2 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib; 3 is hollow mould shell; 4 is the upper plate of hollow mould shell 3, and 5 is the sidewall on every side of hollow mould shell 3,6 going to the bottom for hollow mould shell 3; 7 is the enclosed cavity in the hollow mould shell 3, and 8 is the rod member in the enclosed cavity 7.Shown in Figure 1,7 uniform section straight-bars are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, and 4 curvilinear rod are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the combination of many straight line poles and cable is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and the combination of many straight line poles is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 7 at least one rod member 8 outside die housing, to be extended with shaft or rod end 11 or reveals anchor rib 12 or reveal net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 or above-mentioned combination, and build-in is in Cast-in-place concrete.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, and the hollow rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, Cast-in-place concrete get into and form coupled pole in the hollow stem, and build-in forms in-situ deposited prefabricated integral body each other.Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, the rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, also have a net of revealing 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 on the formwork simultaneously.Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the rod member 8 in its formwork cavity 7 has the anchor rib 12 of revealing to having exposed outside shaft 11 on it.

Characteristic of the present invention also is in formwork cavity 7, to be provided with at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 or the handing-over rod member 10 more than two that is made up of many rod members 8.Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, and at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two that is made up of many rod members 8 arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, and at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two that is made up of many rod members 8 arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements 9 or handing-over rod member 10 or both in the die housing constitute truss 15; Truss element 9 or orthogonal thereto each other, the oblique of handing-over rod member 10, parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint is arranged or three-dimensional spatial arrangement or above-mentioned combination; Perhaps go back height layout straggly simultaneously, the rod member truss that the truss 15 that is constituted constitutes for the fixed quadrangle of rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss or joint, pentagon, hexagon.Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and the truss 15 in its formwork cavity 7 is a space truss, rod member 8 is arranged simultaneously as hound.

Characteristic of the present invention also is at upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 or go to the bottom 6 or both or three on every side, its at least one in or external surface reinforcing rib 16 is arranged, reinforcing rib 16 be hollow or solid, or just, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and the inner surface of its upper plate 4 has solid reinforcing rib 16, and height, thickness do not wait.Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and it is gone to the bottom has intersecting parallels reinforcing rib 16 on 6.

Characteristic of the present invention also be upper plate 4, on every side sidewall 5, go to the bottom 6, reinforce 17 arranged in the rod member 8, reinforcing rib 16, reinforce 17 is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement, unbonded prestressing tendon or its combination.Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, its upper plate 4 with in the sidewall 5 fibrous mesh cloth reinforce 17 is arranged on every side.

Characteristic of the present invention also be from upper plate 4 or go to the bottom 6 or both be extended with and reveal anchor rib 12 or reveal net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 or be extended with both or three simultaneously, be connected with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 or cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1; Perhaps upper plate 4 or go to the bottom 6 or both from outwards also choosing of sidewall 5 on every side base 18 is arranged at least on one side simultaneously, the upper plate 4 or 6 bases 18 chosen of going to the bottom constitute the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete ribs 2.Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, is extended with on its upper plate 4 to reveal anchor rib 12, reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, and goes to the bottom and 6 choose base 18 is arranged.

Characteristic of the present invention also be to go to the bottom 6 or 6 bases 18 chosen with upper plate 4 of going to the bottom around be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps base 18 also be extended with simultaneously reveal anchor rib 12, reveal net 13, fiber exposure silk 19, anticracking grid cloth 20, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, dovetail shaped iron plate 21 or press mesh iron plate 22 or their combination.Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, is hypotenuse shape around its 6 bases 18 of choosing of going to the bottom, and also is extended with fiber exposure silk 19, anticracking grid cloth 20, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, dovetail shaped iron plate 21 or mesh iron plate 22 simultaneously.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib 23 at least, and stiffening rib 23 is solid or hollow, and perhaps its side also has reinforcing rib 16 simultaneously.Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, is provided with the hollow reinforced rib 23 of a slice in its die housing, and simultaneously, there is reinforcing rib 16 its side.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also reinforce 17 is arranged in the stiffening rib 23; Reinforce 17 is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination, perhaps also simultaneously from sidewall 5 or upper plate 4 are extended with dew anchor rib 12 or reveal net 13 or reveal rib 24 or their combination on every side.Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, in its stiffening rib 23 reinforcing bar reinforce 17 is arranged, and is extended with dew rib 24 from upper plate 4, is extended with on it to reveal anchor rib 12, dew net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14.

Characteristic of the present invention also is upper plate 4, the surface of sidewall 5, lower shoe 6, rod member 8, reinforcing rib 16, stiffening rib 23 is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band 32 or strengthens surface layer 33 on every side; Reinforcing band 32 or enhancing surface layer 33 are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band 32 or enhancing surface layer 33 also have anchoring pin or hole 34 simultaneously.Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, is pasted with reinforcing band 32 on its formwork, or is fixed with enhancing surface layer 33, and has anchoring pin 34 simultaneously.

Characteristic of the present invention also be to go to the bottom 6 or upper plate 4 in reinforcing bar in reinforcing bars and rod member 8 or the stiffening rib 23 be connected.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall 5 has at least more than one boss 25; Boss 25 is solid boss or hollow boss; Or also being filled with light material in the hollow boss 25, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 between the formwork is truss-like rib or truss web-type rib.Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and all there are 2 hollow boss 25 each side around its formwork, and the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 between the formwork is a truss web-type rib.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also the rod member 8 more than at least 1 is arranged at least one boss 25, the anchor rib 12 of revealing is perhaps also arranged on boss 25 or the rod member 8 simultaneously or reveal rod end 11 or both combinations, and build-in is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, is provided with 2 rod members 8 in its each boss 25, and exposes rod end 11 simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 12.

Characteristic of the present invention also be between the rod member 8 self or with upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 or go to the bottom between 6 or sidewall 5 and upper plate 4 or being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 be splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination on every side on every side.Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and sidewall 5 and upper plate 4 around it, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are welding, and rod member 8 and upper plate 4, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are splicing.

Characteristic of the present invention also is upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, and its upper plate 4 is a plucking shape rough surface with the external surface of sidewall 5 on every side.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 27 one deck fibers or the cloth 28 superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 27 again.Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, and the formwork that its upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 27 and one deck cloth 28 superimposed layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 27 again; Rod member 8 is the upper shed hollow stem, and the reinforce reinforcing bar is arranged in the bar, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, and Cast-in-place concrete gets in the hollow stem 8, bonds build-in each other and forms integral body.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 formation on every side is the composite construction that girders layer 29 single or double are wrapped up in rete 30 outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton 31 single or double are wrapped up in the composite construction of rete 30 outward.Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and its formwork is the composite construction that girders layer 29 or honeycomb hole skeleton 31 single faces are wrapped up in rete 30 outward.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also rod member 8 is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal steel bar concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe, steel pipe concrete pipe, stratiform coupled pole, hollow section filling or reinforcement coupled pole or their combination; Its cross sectional shape be circle, annular, square, prolate type, hollow, ring is hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, honeycomb hollow, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps its cross section is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member 8.

Characteristic of the present invention also be rod member 8 for upper plate 4, on every side sidewall 5, go to the bottom 6, the perhaps reinforcing rib on it 16.Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, and its rod member 5 is a upper plate 4, and the two unites two into one, and has omitted rod member, has alleviated formwork weight.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.Fig. 1 extremely face shaping of formwork shown in Figure 25 is cuboid or square.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps its go to the bottom 6 or stiffening rib 23 1 ends thinner, the other end is thicker.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle or suspension hook 35.Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, and its formwork is provided with handle 35.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 36, wire drawing 37, suspender member 38, embedded iron parts 39, deep gouge 40, reserving hole 41, pre-buried conduit 42, junction box 43, water pipe 44, air chimney 45 or their combination, perhaps go to the bottom wear in addition in 6 muscle with hole 46 perhaps with above-mentioned combination.Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, and its formwork is provided with drag hook 36, wire drawing 37, suspender member 38, embedded iron parts 39, deep gouge 40, reserving hole 41, air chimney 45.Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and its formwork is provided with conduit 42, junction box 43, water pipe 44.Shown in Figure 30, go to the bottom and wear muscle with hole 46 in 6.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity 7 soundproof course 47 or is filled with light material 48, and light material 48 is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, is provided with soundproof course 47 in its cavity 7.Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, is filled with expanded perlite 48 in its cavity 7.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, organic glass steel plate, waterproof board, sawdust board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to go to the bottom and 6 is concrete, fiber concrete, cement mortar, Cement fibre mortar, polymer concrete or include going to the bottom of reinforce 17 simultaneously.

Characteristic of the present invention also be in the bottom of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 near go to the bottom 6 or position above the base 18 chosen be provided with anticracking structure part 49, anticracking structure part 49 be gauze wire cloth, presses the mesh iron plate, is with a sour jujube iron plate, anticracking grid cloth.Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and the bottom of its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib is provided with the gauze wire cloth structure 49 of anticracking.

Characteristic of the present invention also is to flush with 6 bottom surfaces of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, constitutes the dark rib 2 of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete; Or between the concrete post, between the concrete post wall or the bottom of the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 between the wall 6 flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam 50.Fig. 1 is to shown in Figure 31, flushes with 6 bottom surfaces of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, constitutes the dark rib 2 of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, and the following of its Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 6 flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam 50.

Characteristic of the present invention also is in Cast-in-place concrete rib 2, Cast-in-place concrete beam 50, hollow mould shell 3 or its muscle of wearing of 6 of going to the bottom passes in hole 46 and has or not bonding or bonded prestressed tendon 51.Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, its Cast-in-place concrete rib 2 with go to the bottom 6 wear muscle with having passed presstressed reinforcing steel 51 in the hole 46.

Characteristic of the present invention is that also shaped steel 52 is arranged in the Cast-in-place concrete rib 2 or in the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50; Shaped steel 52 is cold-rolled forming section, channel-section steel, i shaped steel, and cold-rolled forming section 52 is C type, L type,

type, U type, type, II type.Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34, in its Cast-in-place concrete rib 2 with in the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 I shape shaped steel 52 is arranged.

Characteristic of the present invention also is going to the bottom of hollow mould shell 3 cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 is arranged below 6; Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 parcel hollow mould shells 3; The folder dead level superstructure of space bar member load does not perhaps have cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 in forming, sidewall 5 around the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel; Upper plate 46 exposes with going to the bottom simultaneously, forms grid rib net rod member hollow steel bar concrete superstructure.Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35, and it is gone to the bottom also has cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 below 6, forms the folder dead level superstructure of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel hollow mould shell 3, and this kind structure also is very suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall.Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36; There is not cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 on the upper plate 4 for hollow mould shell 3; Upper plate 4, go to the bottom and 6 expose simultaneously; Form grid Cast-in-place concrete rib net rod member formula hollow steel bar concrete superstructure, this structure also is highly suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall, 54 expressions reservation sprue gate for in-site pouring concrete among the figure.

When the present invention implements, lay cavity former component 3 earlier, the reinforcing bar in placement and colligation cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 waters and smashes the concrete moulding then, and maintenance is to stipulating that get final product the length of time.

Claims (43)

1. reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof; Comprise cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), hollow mould shell (3); Hollow mould shell (3) separation; Being cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) therebetween, is cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1) on it, and the three pours into integral body; Wherein hollow mould shell (3) comprises upper plate (4), sidewall (5) and go to the bottom (6) on every side; Upper plate (4), sidewall (5) and go to the bottom (6) are connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity (7) on every side, and upper plate (4), sidewall (5) is superimposed with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) respectively on every side, and at least one rod member (8) arranged in cavity (7); It is characterized in that the rod member (8) in cavity (7) is curvilinear rod, folding mast, uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination; The perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member have at least one rod member (8) outside die housing, to be extended with shaft or rod end (11) or dew anchor rib (12) or dew net (13) or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate (14) or above-mentioned combination in the formwork cavity (7), and build-in is in Cast-in-place concrete.

2. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that in formwork cavity (7), being provided with at least more than one triangle rod member truss element (9) or the handing-over rod member (10) more than two that is made up of many rod members (8).

3. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 2; It is characterized in that a plurality of truss elements (9) or handing-over rod member (10) or both in the die housing constitute truss (15); Truss element (9) or orthogonal thereto each other, the oblique of handing-over rod member (10), parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint is arranged or three-dimensional spatial arrangement or above-mentioned combination; Perhaps go back height layout straggly simultaneously, the truss that is constituted (15) is the rod member truss of the fixed quadrangle of rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss or joint, pentagon, hexagon formation.

4. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 1; It is characterized in that at upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) or go to the bottom (6) or both or three on every side; In its at least one or external surface reinforcing rib (16) is arranged; Reinforcing rib (16) is hollow or solid, or height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.

5. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 4; It is characterized in that upper plate (4), in sidewall (5), go to the bottom (6), rod member (8), the reinforcing rib (16) reinforce (17) arranged on every side, reinforce (17) is fiber, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement, unbonded prestressing tendon or its combination.

6. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 4 is characterized in that upper plate (4), in sidewall (5), go to the bottom (6), rod member (8), the reinforcing rib (16) reinforce (17) is arranged on every side, and reinforce (17) is a fibrous mesh cloth.

7. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 5; It is characterized in that from upper plate (4) or go to the bottom (6) or both are extended with and reveal anchor rib (12) or reveal a net (13) or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate (14) or be extended with both or three simultaneously, be connected with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) or cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1).

8. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 6; It is characterized in that upper plate (4) or go to the bottom (6) or both have base (18) from outwards also choosing of sidewall (5) on every side at least on one side simultaneously that the base (18) that upper plate (4) or go to the bottom (6) are chosen constitutes the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2).

9. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 8 is zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape or step around the base (18) that it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6) or go to the bottom (6) and upper plate (4) are chosen.

10. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 8 is characterized in that base (18) also is extended with dew anchor rib (12), dew net (13), fiber exposure silk (19), anticracking grid cloth (20), a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate (14), dovetail shaped iron plate (21) simultaneously or presses mesh iron plate (22) or their combination.

11. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 10 is characterized in that being provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib (23) at least, stiffening rib (23) is solid or hollow, and perhaps its side also has reinforcing rib (16) simultaneously.

12. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 11; It is characterized in that reinforce (17) is arranged in the stiffening rib (23); Reinforce (17) is fiber, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination, perhaps also simultaneously from sidewall (5) or upper plate (4) are extended with dew anchor rib (12) or reveal net (13) or reveal rib (24) or their combination on every side.

13. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 11; It is characterized in that upper plate (4), the surface of sidewall (5), lower shoe (6), rod member (8), reinforcing rib (16), stiffening rib (23) is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band (32) or strengthens surface layer (33) on every side; Reinforcing band (32) or enhancing surface layer (33) are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band (32) or enhancing surface layer (33) also have anchoring pin or hole (34) simultaneously.

14. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 11, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6) or the interior reinforcing bar of upper plate (4) and rod member (8) or stiffening rib (23) in reinforcing bar be connected.

15. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; Sidewall (5) has at least one boss (25) around it is characterized in that around the formwork at least one; Boss (25) is solid boss or hollow boss; Or also being filled with light material in the hollow boss (25), the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) between the formwork is truss-like rib or truss web-type rib.

16. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 15; It is characterized in that at least 1 rod member (8) is arranged at least one boss (25); Dew anchor rib (12) is perhaps also arranged on boss (25) or the rod member (8) simultaneously or reveal rod end (11) or both combinations, build-in is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.

17., it is characterized in that the connection (26) between the rod member (8) self is splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, bore a hole anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; Perhaps rod member (8) and upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) or being connected between (6) (26) of going to the bottom be splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination on every side; Sidewall (5) is splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, bore a hole anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination with the upper plate (4) or being connected between (6) (26) of going to the bottom perhaps.

18. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 17 is characterized in that upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape or plucking shape rough surface on every side.

19., it is characterized in that formwork that upper plate (4) and sidewall (5) on every side form is one deck cementitious matter (27) one deck fiber or cloth (28) the superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter (27) again according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

20. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; The formwork that it is characterized in that upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) formation on every side is the composite construction that girders layer (29) single or double is wrapped up in rete (30) outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton (31) single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete (30) outward.

21., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, sheetmetal steel bar concrete bar, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar or reinforcing bar according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

22., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is stratiform coupled pole, hollow section filling or reinforcement coupled pole or their combination according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

23., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is the prestressing force bar according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

24., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is steel pipe or fiberglass rod according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

25., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe or composite metal-plastic pipe according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

26., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

27., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is the ring bar according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

28., it is characterized in that rod member (8) is a plastic bar according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

29. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (8) is circle, annular, square, prolate shape, hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, porous shape or variable cross-section shape.

30. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (8) is the hollow or honeycomb hollow of ring.

31. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that rod member (8) for around sidewall (5), go to the bottom (6), the perhaps reinforcing rib on it (16).

32. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14, the face shaping that it is characterized in that hollow mould shell is cuboid, square or cylinder.

33. a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 21 is characterized in that an end of hollow mould shell is thinner, the other end is thicker, perhaps its go to the bottom (6) or stiffening rib (23) one ends thinner, the other end is thicker.

34., it is characterized in that hollow mould shell is provided with handle or suspension hook (35) according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

35. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; It is characterized in that hollow mould shell is provided with drag hook (36), wire drawing (37), suspender member (38), embedded iron parts (39), deep gouge (40), reserving hole (41), pre-buried conduit (42), junction box (43), water pipe (44), air chimney (45) or their combination, wear in addition in perhaps go to the bottom (6) muscle with hole (46) or with above-mentioned combination.

36. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; It is characterized in that being provided with in the cavity (7) soundproof course (47) or be filled with light material (48), light material (48) is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.

37., it is characterized in that upper plate (4) and sidewall (5) on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, organic glass steel plate, waterproof board, sawdust board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

38. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6) are for concrete, fiber concrete, cement mortar, Cement fibre mortar, polymer concrete or include going to the bottom of reinforce (17) simultaneously.

39. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; It is characterized in that being provided with anticracking structure part (49) in the bottom of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) near the position above the base of going to the bottom (6) or choose (18), anticracking structure part (49) is gauze wire cloth, presses the mesh iron plate, is with a sour jujube iron plate or anticracking grid cloth.

40. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that flushing with (6) bottom surface of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), constitute flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2); Or between the concrete post, between the concrete post wall or the bottom of the Cast-in-place concrete beam (50) between the wall flushes with go to the bottom (6), constitutes flat board-like dark beam.

41., it is characterized in that in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), Cast-in-place concrete beam (50), hollow mould shell (3) or the muscle of wearing of its go to the bottom (6) passes in hole (46) and has or not bonding or bonded prestressed tendon (51) according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14.

42. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; It is characterized in that shaped steel (52) is arranged in the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) or in the Cast-in-place concrete beam (50); Shaped steel (52) is cold-rolled forming section, channel-section steel or i shaped steel, and cold-rolled forming section (52) is C type, L type, ⊥ type, U type,

type or II type.

43. according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 14; It is characterized in that below go to the bottom (6) of hollow mould shell (3), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom (53) being arranged; Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom (53) parcel hollow mould shell (3); The folder dead level superstructure of space bar member load does not perhaps have cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1) in forming, sidewall (5) around the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel; Expose simultaneously upper plate (4) and go to the bottom (6), forms grid rib net rod member hollow steel bar concrete superstructure.

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