CN100535320C - Reinforced concrete stereo bearing structure floorslab - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a reinforced concrete slab floor with three-dimensional force-bearing structure, comprising a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) and hollow formworks (3) arranged at intervals between which the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) is arranged, the two elements are cast into an integrity, wherein the cavity forms (3) comprise an upper top board (4), peripheral side panels (5) and a lower bottom (6), the upper top board (4), the peripheral side panels (5) and the lower bottom (6) are linked each other to form a polyhedral closed cavity (7), the peripheral side panels (5) are superposed with the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), the cavity (7) is provided wit at least one rod unit (8), the invention is characterized in that the rod unit (8) in the cavity (7) is a curved rod, a folded-line rod, a cable, an equal-cross-sectional straight rod, a variable cross-sectional straight rod, an upper-opened hollow rod or their combination, or the combination of a variable cross-sectional hollow straight rod with the above-mentioned rod units, at least one of the upper top boards (4) is exposed to form the prefabricated top panel of the building slabs. The invention can be applied to hollow concrete structures such as roofs and foundation floors.

Description

A kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof

The application for the applying date be that April 30, application number in 2002 are 02117549.7, name is called the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention of " a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof ".

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof.

(2) background technology

Advantages such as at present, the building of brick mix structure and frame construction major part adopts precast hollow slab as floor structure, and it is fast that this floor structure has speed of application, and cost is low.But, only use the cement mortar joint filling, thereby globality is poor, is unfavorable for antidetonation, and phenomenons such as slit cracking, infiltration often occur owing to firmly do not link between adjacent two precast hollow slabs.For addressing the above problem, a lot of building have adopted the method for Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor (solid, hollow), have solved problems such as antidetonation, cracking and infiltration preferably, but this class floor construction relative difficult, and cost is higher relatively.Along with Building technology and expanding economy, the quality of building to be had higher requirement, increasing building have adopted the Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor technology, particularly adopt the cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor technology.The patent No. is " shuttering member " utility model patent of 93206310.1, a kind of prefabricated noggin piece that the close rib cavity building roof of a kind of industry and civilian construction is used is disclosed, it by upper base, go to the bottom and sidewall constitutes, sidewall all around and upper base, the totally-enclosed cavity polyhedral structure of the formation of going to the bottom, be provided with self support strength of ribs with the enhancement mode mould component in the die housing, formwork self is cracky not.When it is applied to close rib cavity building roof, by designing requirement, shuttering member is placed on the supporter of floor gap, reserve the certain clearance space between shuttering member, arrange reinforcing bar, and pour into a mould that shuttering member promptly constitutes all very smooth integral cover structure of upper and lower surface with reinforced concrete with cement, shuttering member in superstructure be internal mold be again to fill supporting member, construction saves trouble, easy.But this shuttering member is because its inner ribs that is provided with is board-like ribs, weight is heavier relatively, material consumption is big, simultaneously its board-like ribs has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, do not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member, constitute common stressed structural system with cast-in-situ concrete structure combination, with resist the drawing of various complexity, press, cut, turn round, the effect of external force such as vibration.European patent number is EP0884427A2, international Patent classificating number is E04B5/21, name is called the european patent application of " A bettersolution for the concrete boxes normally used in the fungiformpavements ", related to relevant with reclaiming plastics manufacturing concrete hollow mould shell, and this formwork is in concrete highway construction and concrete superstructure application in engineering, this formwork is by upper plate, the sidewall and the formation of going to the bottom on every side, upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side, in cavity, be provided with the rod member of 5 hollow taper shapes under shed, this rod member with go to the bottom and all around sidewall be single injection-molded, upper plate is connected with sidewall all around by bolt and forms plastic form integral body.Equally, this kind plastic form has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, though its taper shape is to the conveniently nestable transportation of hollow rod member of under shed, but do not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member, constitute common three-dimensional stressed structural system with the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure combination, to resist the effect that to resist lower pulling force and horizontal shear etc. in the effect of various complicated outside force, particularly formwork.Therefore, develop a kind of novel can the various complicated outside force effects of opposing, also have reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof in light weight, that material consumption is few simultaneously for being badly in need of.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof, can resist various complicated outside force effects, also have in light weight, characteristics such as material consumption is few, simple in structure, easy construction simultaneously.

Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, do not comprise the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, comprise the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, hollow mould shell, hollow mould shell is arranged at interval, be the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib therebetween, the two pours into integral body, wherein hollow mould shell comprises upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom on every side, upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side, sidewall and cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib are superimposed on every side, rod member more than at least one is arranged in cavity, it is characterized in that the rod member in cavity is a curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, the uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member, upper plate exposes, and constitutes the prefabricated top board of superstructure.Wherein, it is stressed that curvilinear rod is more suitable in formwork arch; Folding mast more is applicable in the special-shaped formwork; Cable more is applicable to tension, and as adopting the sheath cable, then its durability is better; Straight-bar is economized with material, and power transmission is direct, and it draws, presses performance all good, also can apply prestressing force; Upside open hollow bar can make Cast-in-place concrete and the interior stressed member of formwork be combined into one, and forms the common force structure of mutual build-in, and the variable cross-section hollow stem should not use separately, is used in combination preferable with other.Thereby the present invention can resist the effect of the external force such as drawing, press, cut, turn round of various complexity, re-entrant portion at superstructure has constituted darknet frame force transferring structure, its shock resistance, anti-vibration, anti-point load, crack resistance improve greatly, corresponding steel content, the concrete consumption that reduces superstructure, improve the plane stiffness of superstructure, also have in light weight, characteristics such as material consumption is few, simple in structure, easy construction simultaneously, reached purpose of the present invention, the present invention also is applicable in the hollow concrete structures such as roof system, sole plate, concrete wall, bridge simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom to expose, and constitutes the prefabricated of superstructure and goes to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity at least one rod member to be extended with shaft or rod end outside die housing or reveals anchor rib or reveal net or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate or above-mentioned combination, and build-in is in Cast-in-place concrete.Like this, rod member in the die housing and the bonding between the Cast-in-place concrete and build-in are better, the bond strength and the collaborative work that have solved the combination interface between prefabricated and the Cast-in-place concrete preferably, thereby the stress performance of superstructure, overall performance are higher.

Feature of the present invention also be in the formwork cavity, to be provided with constitute by many rod members at least more than one triangle rod member truss element or the handing-over rod member more than two.Like this, because the triangular truss unit is stable geometric shapes, then the intensity of formwork and rigidity further improve, the performance of the stressed power transmission of formwork participation Cast-in-place concrete is better, and formwork is in light weight, and material consumption is few, stability is better, correspondingly the intensity of superstructure, rigidity improve, and weight is corresponding to be alleviated, and material consumption reduces.

Feature of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements in the die housing or handing-over rod member or both constitute truss, truss element or orthogonal thereto each other, the oblique of handing-over rod member, parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint layout or three-dimensional spatial arrangement or above-mentioned combination, perhaps go back height layout straggly simultaneously, the truss that is constituted is the rod member truss of the fixed quadrangle of rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss or joint, pentagon, hexagon formation.Like this, the employed formwork of structure superstructure can design, make up the rod member in it according to actual needs fully, to satisfy the needs of the various different use occasions of different structure superstructure, different stressing conditions.

Feature of the present invention also is at upper plate or sidewall or go to the bottom or both or three on every side, its at least one in or external surface reinforcing rib is arranged, reinforcing rib is hollow or solid, or height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Like this, because reinforcing rib is arranged, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork further improve, and the build-in between the Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, and it is better that formwork participates in performance stressed, power transmission.Thereby the intensity of superstructure, rigidity is higher, stressed, transmission force property is better.

Feature of the present invention also be upper plate, on every side sidewall, go to the bottom, reinforce arranged in the rod member, reinforcing rib, reinforce is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement, unbonded prestressing tendon or its combination.Like this, owing in the formwork reinforce is arranged, thereby the intensity of formwork, rigidity, impact toughness improves greatly, and whole stressed, transmission force property is greatly improved, correspondingly whole stressed, the transmission force property of superstructure, also greatly raising of overall performance.

Feature of the present invention also is from upper plate or goes to the bottom or both are extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal a net or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate or be extended with both or three simultaneously, is connected with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib or cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate; The base that perhaps upper plate or go to the bottom or both have base from outwards also choosing of sidewall on every side at least on one side simultaneously, upper plate or go to the bottom are chosen constitutes the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib.Like this, reveal anchor rib or reveal net etc. owing to have, formwork and Cast-in-place concrete adhesion strength greatly improve, and the globality of superstructure improves greatly, simultaneously because upper plate or go to the bottom and also be extended with the base like this, can omit the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, the saving construction cost.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom or go to the bottom the base chosen with upper plate around be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps the base also be extended with simultaneously reveal anchor rib, reveal net, fiber exposure silk, anticracking grid cloth, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate, dovetail shaped iron plate or press mesh iron plate or their combination.Like this, the base and the bonding between the Cast-in-place concrete of formwork are stronger, more firm, can prevent the generation in crack effectively, thereby the globality of superstructure are better.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib at least, and stiffening rib is solid or hollow, and perhaps its side also has reinforcing rib simultaneously.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork are further strengthened, and whole stressed, the transmission force property of superstructure further improve and improve.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforce is arranged in the stiffening rib, reinforce is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination, perhaps also simultaneously from sidewall or upper plate are extended with the dew anchor rib or reveal net or reveal rib or their combination on every side.Like this, the intensity of formwork and rigidity are further strengthened simultaneously owing to the anchor rib of revealing is arranged or reveal net or reveal rib, thereby and Cast-in-place concrete between bonding stronger, its overall performance, stress performance improve greatly.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate, the surface of sidewall, lower shoe, rod member, reinforcing rib, stiffening rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band or strengthens surface layer on every side, reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer also have anchoring pin or hole simultaneously.Like this, the bulk strength and the rigidity of formwork improve greatly, and stressed, the transmission force property of superstructure further improve.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom or upper plate in reinforcing bar in reinforcing bar and rod member or the stiffening rib be connected.Like this, the globality of shuttering member is better, and the globality of corresponding superstructure, mechanical property improve.

Feature of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall has at least more than one boss, boss is solid boss or hollow boss, or also being filled with light material in the hollow boss, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib between the formwork is truss-like rib or truss web-type rib.Like this, because boss is arranged, thereby the minimizing of concrete consumption, the weight of whole superstructure further alleviates, and construction cost further reduces.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member more than at least 1 at least one boss, the anchor rib of revealing is perhaps also arranged on boss or the rod member simultaneously or reveal rod end or both combinations, and build-in is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.Like this, the rod member in the boss participates in the stressed of truss-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, and the stress performance of superstructure is improved.

Feature of the present invention also be between the rod member self or and upper plate or on every side sidewall or go to the bottom between or on every side sidewall and upper plate or go to the bottom between be connected to splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination.Like this, the making of shuttering member is very convenient, and is easy to implement, and cost is low, and the cost of corresponding superstructure is also low.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate or sidewall or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.Like this, can improve the adhesion stress between shuttering member and the Cast-in-place concrete better, improve the overall performance of superstructure.

Feature of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate and sidewall on every side form is one deck cementitious matter one deck fiber or the cloth superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter again.Like this, shuttering member has improved the intensity and the rigidity of member by fiber reinforcement, thereby the intensity of superstructure is corresponding with rigidity is improved.

Feature of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate or sidewall formation on every side is the composite construction that the girders layer single or double is wrapped up in rete outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete outward.Like this, formwork is a hollow wall, and the weight of formwork is further alleviated, and the construction carrying is more convenient, the weight saving of corresponding superstructure.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is a reinforcing bar mortar bar, the steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal steel bar concrete bar, the prestressing force bar, the ring bar, fiberglass rod, the GRC bar, the carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, the vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, the steel wire webmaster, the glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, the tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe, steel pipe concrete pipe, the stratiform coupled pole, hollow section filling or reinforcement coupled pole or their combination, its cross sectional shape is circular, annular, square, the prolate type, hollow, ring is hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, the honeycomb hollow, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps its cross section is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member.Like this, the kind of rod member is more, has made things convenient for design, construction, the production of formwork, and cost is low, and the cost of corresponding superstructure has also obtained reduction.

Feature of the present invention also be rod member be upper plate, on every side sidewall, go to the bottom the perhaps reinforcing rib on it.Like this because utilize upper plate or go to the bottom or the reinforcing rib on it as rod member, both unite two into one, and have omitted rod member, thereby the weight of formwork further alleviates, the weight of corresponding superstructure also alleviates.

Feature of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.Like this, made things convenient for the design and construction of superstructure.

Feature of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps its go to the bottom or stiffening rib one end thinner, the other end is thicker.Like this, in the construction of superstructure,, adopt this kind formwork, can improve effective converting thickness of concrete, make things convenient for the design and construction of superstructure near wall, post, beam limit.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle or suspension hook.Like this, when floor construction, make things convenient for the carrying and the construction of shuttering member.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook, wire drawing, suspender member, embedded iron parts, deep gouge, reserving hole, pre-buried conduit, junction box, water pipe, air chimney or their combination, wear in addition in perhaps going to the bottom muscle with hole or with above-mentioned combination.Like this, the follow-up construction and the finishing of more convenient superstructure.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity soundproof course or is filled with light material, and light material is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Like this, the insulation of superstructure, heat insulation, sound insulation value improve greatly, are applicable to the occasion of insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate and sidewall on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, organic glass steel plate, waterproof board, sawdust board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom for concrete, fiber concrete, cement mortar, Cement fibre mortar, polymer concrete or includes going to the bottom of reinforce simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with anticracking structure part in the bottom of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib near the position above the base of going to the bottom or choosing, and anticracking structure part is gauze wire cloth, presses the mesh iron plate, is with a sour jujube iron plate, anticracking grid cloth.Like this, the bonding between the cast-in-place and prefabricated concrete is stronger, can prevent the superstructure crackle effectively.

Feature of the present invention also is to flush with the bottom surface of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, constitutes the dark rib of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete; Or between the concrete post, between the concrete post wall or the bottom of the Cast-in-place concrete beam between the wall flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam.

Feature of the present invention also is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, Cast-in-place concrete beam, hollow mould shell or it is gone to the bottom wears muscle and passes in hole and have or not bonding or bonded prestressed tendon.Like this, the stress performance of superstructure is better, can prevent the generation of crackle effectively, is specially adapted to the long-span floor system structure.

Feature of the present invention also is in the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib or in the Cast-in-place concrete beam shaped steel is arranged, and shaped steel is cold-rolled forming section, channel-section steel, i shaped steel, cold-rolled forming section be C type, L type, ⊥ type, U type,

Type, II type.Like this, the stress performance of superstructure is better, is applicable to the long-span floor system structure.

Feature of the present invention also is below the going to the bottom of hollow mould shell the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom is arranged, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom parcel hollow mould shell, the folder dead level superstructure of space bar member load in forming, perhaps there is not the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, sidewall around the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel, upper plate exposes simultaneously with going to the bottom, and forms grid rib net rod member hollow steel bar concrete superstructure.Like this, this structure superstructure can be applied to wall body structure better.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1,1 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, 2 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, 3 is hollow mould shell, 4 is the upper plate of hollow mould shell 3, and 5 is the sidewall on every side of hollow mould shell 3,6 going to the bottom for hollow mould shell 3,7 is the enclosed cavity in the hollow mould shell 3, and 8 is the rod member in the enclosed cavity 7.Shown in Figure 1,7 uniform section straight-bars are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, and 4 curvilinear rod are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the combination of many straight line poles and cable is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and the combination of many straight line poles is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, have in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3 constitute by many rod members 8 at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, have in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3 constitute by many rod members 8 at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, and the hollow rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, Cast-in-place concrete enter and form coupled pole in the hollow stem, and build-in forms in-situ deposited prefabricated integral body each other.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, the rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 in addition on the formwork simultaneously.

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the rod member 8 in its formwork cavity 7 has the anchor rib 12 of revealing to having exposed outside shaft 11 on it.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and the truss 15 in its formwork cavity 7 is a space truss, rod member 8 is arranged simultaneously as hound.

Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and the inner surface of its upper plate 4 has solid reinforcing rib 16, and height, thickness do not wait.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and it is gone to the bottom has intersecting parallels reinforcing rib 16 on 6.

Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, its upper plate 4 with in the sidewall 5 fibrous mesh cloth reinforce 17 is arranged on every side.

Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, is extended with on its upper plate 4 to reveal anchor rib 12, reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, and goes to the bottom and 6 choose base 18 is arranged.

Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, for hypotenuse shape, also is extended with fiber exposure silk 19, anticracking grid cloth 20, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, dovetail shaped iron plate 21 or mesh iron plate 22 simultaneously around its 6 bases of choosing 18 of going to the bottom.

Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, is provided with the hollow reinforced rib 23 of a slice in its die housing, and simultaneously, there is reinforcing rib 16 its side.

Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, in its stiffening rib 23 reinforcing bar reinforce 17 is arranged, and is extended with dew rib 24 from upper plate 4, is extended with on it and reveals anchor rib 12, dew net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14.

Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and all there are 2 hollow boss 25 each side around its formwork, and the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 between the formwork is a truss web-type rib.

Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, is provided with 2 rod members 8 in its each boss 25, and exposes rod end 11 simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 12.

Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and sidewall 5 and upper plate 4 around it, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are welding, and rod member 8 and upper plate 4, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are splicing.

Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, and its upper plate 4 is a plucking shape rough surface with the external surface of sidewall 5 on every side.

Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, and the formwork that its upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 27 and one deck cloth 28 superimposed layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 27 again; Rod member 8 is the upper shed hollow stem, and the reinforce reinforcing bar is arranged in the bar, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, and Cast-in-place concrete enters in the hollow stem 8, bonds build-in each other and forms integral body.

Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and its formwork is the composite construction that girders layer 29 or honeycomb hole skeleton 31 single faces are wrapped up in rete 30 outward.

Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, is pasted with reinforcing band 32 on its formwork, or is fixed with enhancing surface layer 33, and has anchoring pin 34 simultaneously.

Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, and its rod member 5 is a upper plate 4, and the two unites two into one, and has omitted rod member, has alleviated formwork weight.

Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, and its formwork is provided with handle 35.

Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, and its formwork is provided with drag hook 36, wire drawing 37, suspender member 38, embedded iron parts 39, deep gouge 40, reserving hole 41, air chimney 45.

Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and its formwork is provided with conduit 42, junction box 43, water pipe 44.

Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, is provided with soundproof course 47 in its cavity 7.

Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, is filled with expanded perlite 48 in its cavity 7.

Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and the bottom of its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib is provided with the gauze wire cloth structure part 49 of anticracking.

Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, and the following of its Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 6 flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam.

Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 and go to the bottom 6 wear muscle with having passed presstressed reinforcing steel 51 in the hole 46.

Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34, in its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 with in the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 I shape shaped steel 52 is arranged.

Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35, and it is gone to the bottom also cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 below 6, forms the folder dead level superstructure of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel hollow mould shell 3, and this kind structure also is very suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall.

Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36, there is not cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 on the upper plate 4 for hollow mould shell 3, upper plate 4, go to the bottom and 6 expose simultaneously, form grid cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib net rod member formula hollow steel bar concrete superstructure, this structure also is highly suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall, 54 expressions reservation sprue gate for in-site pouring concrete among the figure.

(5) specific embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

The present invention as shown in drawings, do not comprise cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1, comprise cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, hollow mould shell 3, hollow mould shell 3 is arranged at interval, be cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 therebetween, the two pours into integral body, wherein hollow mould shell 3 comprises upper plate 4, sidewall 5 and go to the bottom 6 on every side, upper plate 4, sidewall 5 and go to the bottom and 6 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 7 on every side, sidewall 5 is superimposed with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 on every side, rod member 8 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 7, it is characterized in that the rod member 8 in cavity 7 is curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, the uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member, upper plate 4 exposes, and constitutes the prefabricated top board of superstructure.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1,1 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate, 2 is the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib, 3 is hollow mould shell, 4 is the upper plate of hollow mould shell 3, and 5 is the sidewall on every side of hollow mould shell 3,6 going to the bottom for hollow mould shell 3,7 is the enclosed cavity in the hollow mould shell 3, and 8 is the rod member in the enclosed cavity 7.Shown in Figure 1,7 uniform section straight-bars are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, and 4 curvilinear rod are arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the combination of many straight line poles and cable is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and the combination of many straight line poles is arranged in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3.As shown in figure 36, upper plate 4 exposes, and constitutes the prefabricated top board of superstructure.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom and 6 exposes, and constitutes the prefabricated of superstructure and goes to the bottom.As shown in figure 36, go to the bottom and 6 expose, constitute the prefabricated of superstructure and go to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 7 at least one rod member 8 to be extended with shaft or rod end 11 outside die housing or reveals anchor rib 12 or reveal net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 or above-mentioned combination, and build-in is in Cast-in-place concrete.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, and the hollow rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, Cast-in-place concrete enter and form coupled pole in the hollow stem, and build-in forms in-situ deposited prefabricated integral body each other.Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, the rod member 8 protruding rod ends 11 that are provided with in its formwork cavity 7, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 in addition on the formwork simultaneously.Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the rod member 8 in its formwork cavity 7 has the anchor rib 12 of revealing to having exposed outside shaft 11 on it.

Feature of the present invention also be in formwork cavity 7, to be provided with constitute by many rod members 8 at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 or the handing-over rod member 10 more than two.Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, have in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3 constitute by many rod members 8 at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two.Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, have in the enclosed cavity 7 of its hollow mould shell 3 constitute by many rod members 8 at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 9 and the handing-over rod member 10 more than two.

Feature of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements 9 in the die housing or handing-over rod member 10 or both constitute truss 15, truss element 9 or orthogonal thereto each other, the oblique of handing-over rod member 10, parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint layout or three-dimensional spatial arrangement or above-mentioned combination, perhaps go back height layout straggly simultaneously, the rod member truss that the truss 15 that is constituted constitutes for the fixed quadrangle of rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss or joint, pentagon, hexagon.Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and the truss 15 in its formwork cavity 7 is a space truss, rod member 8 is arranged simultaneously as hound.

Feature of the present invention also is at upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 or go to the bottom 6 or both or three on every side, its at least one in or external surface reinforcing rib 16 is arranged, reinforcing rib 16 be hollow or solid, or just, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and the inner surface of its upper plate 4 has solid reinforcing rib 16, and height, thickness do not wait.Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and it is gone to the bottom has intersecting parallels reinforcing rib 16 on 6.

Feature of the present invention also be upper plate 4, on every side sidewall 5, go to the bottom 6, reinforce 17 arranged in the rod member 8, reinforcing rib 16, reinforce 17 is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement, unbonded prestressing tendon or its combination.Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, its upper plate 4 with in the sidewall 5 fibrous mesh cloth reinforce 17 is arranged on every side.

Feature of the present invention also be from upper plate 4 or go to the bottom 6 or both be extended with and reveal anchor rib 12 or reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14 or be extended with both or three simultaneously, be connected with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 or cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1; Perhaps upper plate 4 or go to the bottom 6 or both from outwards also choosing of sidewall 5 on every side base 18 is arranged at least on one side simultaneously, the upper plate 4 or 6 bases of choosing 18 of going to the bottom constitute the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete ribs 2.Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, is extended with on its upper plate 4 to reveal anchor rib 12, reveal a net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, and goes to the bottom and 6 choose base 18 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom 6 or 6 bases of choosing with upper plate 4 18 of going to the bottom around be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps base 18 also be extended with simultaneously reveal anchor rib 12, reveal net 13, fiber exposure silk 19, anticracking grid cloth 20, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, dovetail shaped iron plate 21 or press mesh iron plate 22 or their combination.Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, for hypotenuse shape, also is extended with fiber exposure silk 19, anticracking grid cloth 20, a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14, dovetail shaped iron plate 21 or mesh iron plate 22 simultaneously around its 6 bases of choosing 18 of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib 23 at least, and stiffening rib 23 is solid or hollow, and perhaps its side also has reinforcing rib 16 simultaneously.Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, is provided with the hollow reinforced rib 23 of a slice in its die housing, and simultaneously, there is reinforcing rib 16 its side.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforce 17 is arranged in the stiffening rib 23, reinforce 17 is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination, perhaps also simultaneously from sidewall 5 or upper plate 4 are extended with dew anchor rib 12 or reveal net 13 or reveal rib 24 or their combination on every side.Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, in its stiffening rib 23 reinforcing bar reinforce 17 is arranged, and is extended with dew rib 24 from upper plate 4, is extended with on it and reveals anchor rib 12, dew net 13 or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate 14.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate 4, the surface of sidewall 5, lower shoe 6, rod member 8, reinforcing rib 16, stiffening rib 23 is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band 32 or strengthens surface layer 33 on every side, reinforcing band 32 or enhancing surface layer 33 are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band 32 or enhancing surface layer 33 also have anchoring pin or hole 34 simultaneously.Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, is pasted with reinforcing band 32 on its formwork, or is fixed with enhancing surface layer 33, and has anchoring pin 34 simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom 6 or upper plate 4 in reinforcing bar in reinforcing bars and rod member 8 or the stiffening rib 23 be connected.

Feature of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall 5 has at least more than one boss 25, boss 25 is solid boss or hollow boss, or also being filled with light material in the hollow boss 25, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 between the formwork is truss-like rib or truss web-type rib.Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and all there are 2 hollow boss 25 each side around its formwork, and the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 between the formwork is a truss web-type rib.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member 8 more than at least 1 at least one boss 25, the anchor rib 12 of revealing is perhaps also arranged on boss 25 or the rod member 8 simultaneously or reveal rod end 11 or both combinations, and build-in is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, is provided with 2 rod members 8 in its each boss 25, and exposes rod end 11 simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 12.

Feature of the present invention also be between the rod member 8 self or with upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 or go to the bottom between 6 or sidewall 5 and upper plate 4 or being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 be splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination on every side on every side.Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and sidewall 5 and upper plate 4 around it, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are welding, and rod member 8 and upper plate 4, being connected between 6 of going to the bottom 26 are splicing.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, and its upper plate 4 is a plucking shape rough surface with the external surface of sidewall 5 on every side.

Feature of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 27 one deck fibers or the cloth 28 superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 27 again.Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, and the formwork that its upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 27 and one deck cloth 28 superimposed layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 27 again; Rod member 8 is the upper shed hollow stem, and the reinforce reinforcing bar is arranged in the bar, and the anchor rib 12 of revealing is arranged, and Cast-in-place concrete enters in the hollow stem 8, bonds build-in each other and forms integral body.

Feature of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate 4 or sidewall 5 formation on every side is the composite construction that girders layer 29 single or double are wrapped up in rete 30 outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton 31 single or double are wrapped up in the composite construction of rete 30 outward.Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and its formwork is the composite construction that girders layer 29 or honeycomb hole skeleton 31 single faces are wrapped up in rete 30 outward.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 8 is reinforcing bar mortar bar, the steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal steel bar concrete bar, the prestressing force bar, the ring bar, fiberglass rod, the GRC bar, the carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, the vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, the steel wire webmaster, the glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, the tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe, steel pipe concrete pipe, the stratiform coupled pole, hollow section filling or reinforcement coupled pole or their combination, its cross sectional shape is circular, annular, square, the prolate type, hollow, ring is hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, the honeycomb hollow, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps its cross section is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member 8.

Feature of the present invention also be rod member 8 for upper plate 4, on every side sidewall 5, go to the bottom 6, the perhaps reinforcing rib on it 16.Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, and its rod member 5 is a upper plate 4, and the two unites two into one, and has omitted rod member, has alleviated formwork weight.

Feature of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.Fig. 1 extremely face shaping of formwork shown in Figure 25 is cuboid or square.

Feature of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps its go to the bottom 6 or stiffening rib 23 1 ends thinner, the other end is thicker.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle or suspension hook 35.Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, and its formwork is provided with handle 35.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 36, wire drawing 37, suspender member 38, embedded iron parts 39, deep gouge 40, reserving hole 41, pre-buried conduit 42, junction box 43, water pipe 44, air chimney 45 or their combination, perhaps go to the bottom wear in addition in 6 muscle with hole 46 or with above-mentioned combination.Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, and its formwork is provided with drag hook 36, wire drawing 37, suspender member 38, embedded iron parts 39, deep gouge 40, reserving hole 41, air chimney 45.Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and its formwork is provided with conduit 42, junction box 43, water pipe 44.Shown in Figure 30, go to the bottom and wear muscle in 6 with hole 46.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity 7 soundproof course 47 or is filled with light material 48, and light material 48 is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, is provided with soundproof course 47 in its cavity 7.Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, is filled with expanded perlite 48 in its cavity 7.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate 4 and sidewall 5 on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, organic glass steel plate, waterproof board, sawdust board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom and 6 is concrete, fiber concrete, cement mortar, Cement fibre mortar, polymer concrete or include going to the bottom of reinforce 17 simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also be in the bottom of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 near go to the bottom 6 or position above the base 18 chosen be provided with anticracking structure part 49, anticracking structure part 49 be gauze wire cloth, pressure mesh iron plate, is with a sour jujube iron plate, anticracking grid cloth.Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and the bottom of its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib is provided with the gauze wire cloth structure 49 of anticracking.

Feature of the present invention also is to flush with 6 bottom surfaces of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, constitutes the dark rib 2 of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete; Or between the concrete post, between the concrete post wall or the bottom of the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 between the wall 6 flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam.Fig. 1 is to shown in Figure 31, flushes with 6 bottom surfaces of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, constitutes the dark rib 2 of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, and the following of its Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 6 flushes with going to the bottom, and constitutes flat board-like dark beam.

Feature of the present invention also is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, Cast-in-place concrete beam 50, hollow mould shell 3 or its muscle of wearing of 6 of going to the bottom passes in hole 46 and has or not bonding or bonded prestressed tendon 51.Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 and go to the bottom 6 wear muscle with having passed presstressed reinforcing steel 51 in the hole 46.

Feature of the present invention is that also shaped steel 52 is arranged in the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 or in the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50, and shaped steel 52 is cold-rolled forming section, channel-section steel, i shaped steel, cold-rolled forming section 52 be C type, L type, ⊥ type, U type, Type, II type.Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34, in its cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2 with in the Cast-in-place concrete beam 50 I shape shaped steel 52 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is going to the bottom of hollow mould shell 3 cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 is arranged below 6, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 parcel hollow mould shells 3, the folder dead level superstructure of space bar member load in forming, perhaps there is not cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1, sidewall 5 around the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel, upper plate 4 and going to the bottom 6 exposes simultaneously, forms grid rib net rod member hollow steel bar concrete superstructure.Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35, and it is gone to the bottom also cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom 53 below 6, forms the folder dead level superstructure of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel hollow mould shell 3, and this kind structure also is very suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall.Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36, there is not cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 on the upper plate 4 for hollow mould shell 3, upper plate 4, go to the bottom and 6 expose simultaneously, form grid cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib net rod member formula hollow steel bar concrete superstructure, this structure also is highly suitable for the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow body of wall, 54 expressions reservation sprue gate for in-site pouring concrete among the figure.

During the invention process, lay cavity former component 3 earlier, the reinforcing bar in placement and colligation cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib 2, the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate 1 waters and smashes the concrete moulding then, and maintenance is to stipulating that get final product the length of time.

Claims (48)

1, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof, do not comprise cast-in-situ reinforced concrete upper plate (1), comprise cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), hollow mould shell (3), hollow mould shell (3) is arranged at interval, be cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) therebetween, the two pours into integral body, wherein hollow mould shell (3) comprises upper plate (4), sidewall (5) and go to the bottom (6) on every side, upper plate (4), sidewall (5) and go to the bottom (6) are connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity (7) on every side, sidewall (5) is superimposed with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) on every side, rod member (8) more than at least one is arranged in cavity (7), it is characterized in that the rod member (8) in cavity (7) is curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, the uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member, upper plate (4) exposes, and constitutes the prefabricated top board of superstructure.

2, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 1, expose it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6), constitutes the prefabricated of superstructure and go to the bottom.

3, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 1, it is characterized in that having in the formwork cavity (7) at least one rod member (8) outside die housing, to be extended with shaft or rod end (11) or dew anchor rib (12) or dew net (13) or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate (14) or above-mentioned combination, and build-in is in Cast-in-place concrete.

4, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in formwork cavity (7), being provided with constitute by many rod members (8) at least more than one triangle rod member truss element (9) or the handing-over rod member (10) more than two.

5, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 4, it is characterized in that a plurality of truss elements (9) in the die housing or handing-over rod member (10) or both constitute truss (15), truss element (9) or handing-over rod member (10) are orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint layout or three-dimensional spatial arrangement or above-mentioned combination, perhaps go back height layout straggly simultaneously, the truss that is constituted (15) is a rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, the quadrangle that space truss or joint are fixed, pentagon, the rod member truss that hexagon constitutes.

6, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 1, it is characterized in that upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) or go to the bottom (6) or both or three on every side, in its at least one or external surface reinforcing rib (16) is arranged, reinforcing rib (16) is hollow or solid, or height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.

7, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 6, it is characterized in that upper plate (4), in sidewall (5), go to the bottom (6), rod member (8), the reinforcing rib (16) reinforce (17) arranged on every side, reinforce (17) is fiber, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth or its combination.

8, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 7 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a fibrous mesh cloth.

9, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 7 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is cloth.

10, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 7 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a nonwoven.

11, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 7 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a prestressed reinforcement.

12, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 7 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a unbonded prestressing tendon.

13, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 7, it is characterized in that from upper plate (4) or go to the bottom (6) or both are extended with and reveal anchor rib (12) or reveal a net (13) or a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate (14) or be extended with both or three simultaneously, be connected with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2); Perhaps upper plate (4) or go to the bottom (6) or both have base (18) from outwards also choosing of sidewall (5) on every side at least on one side simultaneously, the base (18) that upper plate (4) or go to the bottom (6) are chosen constitutes the template of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2).

14, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 13, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6) or go to the bottom base (18) that (6) and upper plate (4) choose around be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps base (18) also be extended with simultaneously reveal anchor rib (12), reveal net (13), fiber exposure silk (19), anticracking grid cloth (20), a mesh band convex-concave sour jujube iron plate (14), dovetail shaped iron plate (21) or press mesh iron plate (22) or their combination.

15, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 14 is characterized in that being provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib (23) at least, and stiffening rib (23) is solid or hollow, and perhaps its side also has reinforcing rib (16) simultaneously.

16, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 15, it is characterized in that reinforce (17) is arranged in the stiffening rib (23), reinforce (17) is fiber, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth or its combination, perhaps also simultaneously from sidewall (5) or upper plate (4) are extended with dew anchor rib (12) or reveal net (13) or reveal rib (24) or their combination on every side.

17, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 16 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a fibrous mesh cloth.

18, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 16 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is cloth.

19, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 16 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a nonwoven.

20, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 16 is characterized in that reinforce (17) is a prestressed reinforcement.

21, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 15, it is characterized in that upper plate (4), the surface of sidewall (5), lower shoe (6), rod member (8), reinforcing rib (16), stiffening rib (23) is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band (32) or strengthens surface layer (33) on every side, reinforcing band (32) or to strengthen surface layer (33) be metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire.

22, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 21 is characterized in that reinforcing band (32) or strengthens surface layer (33) also having anchoring pin or hole (34) simultaneously.

23, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 15, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6) or the interior reinforcing bar of upper plate (4) and rod member (8) or stiffening rib (23) in reinforcing bar be connected.

24, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that around the formwork at least one sidewall (5) has at least more than one boss (25), boss (25) is solid boss or hollow boss, or also being filled with light material in the hollow boss (25), the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) between the formwork is truss-like rib or truss web-type rib.

25, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 24, it is characterized in that at least one boss (25), having the rod member (8) more than at least 1, dew anchor rib (12) is perhaps also arranged on boss (25) or the rod member (8) simultaneously or reveal rod end (11) or both combinations, build-in is in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.

26, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that between the rod member (8) self or with upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) or go to the bottom between (6) or sidewall (5) and upper plate (4) or being connected between (6) (26) of going to the bottom be splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination on every side on every side.

27, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 26 is characterized in that the external surface of sidewall (5) is undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.

28,, it is characterized in that formwork that upper plate (4) and sidewall (5) on every side form is one deck cementitious matter (27) one deck fiber or cloth (28) the superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter (27) again according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23.

29, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, the formwork that it is characterized in that upper plate (4) or sidewall (5) formation on every side is the composite construction that girders layer (29) single or double is wrapped up in rete (30) outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton (31) single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete (30) outward.

30, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that rod member (8) is a reinforcing bar mortar bar, the steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal steel bar concrete bar, the prestressing force bar, the ring bar, fiberglass rod, the GRC bar, the carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, the vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, the steel wire webmaster, the glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, the tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe, steel pipe concrete pipe, the stratiform coupled pole, hollow section filling or reinforcement coupled pole or their combination, its cross sectional shape are circular, annular, square, the prolate type, hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, porous shape, variable cross-section shape.

31, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, the cross section that it is characterized in that rod member (8) is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member (8).

32, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 30, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (8) are that ring is hollow, the honeycomb hollow.

33,, it is characterized in that rod member (8) is upper plate (4), sidewall (5), go to the bottom (6), the perhaps reinforcing rib on it (16) on every side according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23.

34, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, the face shaping that it is characterized in that formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.

35, a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof according to claim 34 is characterized in that an end of formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps its go to the bottom (6) or stiffening rib (23) one ends thinner, the other end is thicker.

36,, it is characterized in that formwork is provided with handle or suspension hook (35) according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23.

37, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that formwork is provided with drag hook (36), wire drawing (37), suspender member (38), embedded iron parts (39), deep gouge (40), reserving hole (41), pre-buried conduit (42), junction box (43), water pipe (44), air chimney (45) or their combination, wear in addition in perhaps go to the bottom (6) muscle with hole (46) or with above-mentioned combination.

38, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that being provided with in the cavity (7) soundproof course (47) or be filled with light material (48), light material (48) is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.

39,, it is characterized in that upper plate (4) is GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23.

40,, it is characterized in that sidewall (5) is plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, organic glass steel plate, waterproof board, sawdust board, reinforced concrete slab, ferro-cement plate, fiber concrete plate or fibre mortar plate on every side according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23.

41, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (6) are for concrete, cement mortar or include going to the bottom of reinforce (17) simultaneously.

42,, it is characterized in that concrete is fiber concrete, polymer concrete according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of claim 41.

43,, it is characterized in that cement mortar is the Cement fibre mortar according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of claim 41.

44, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that being provided with anticracking structure part (49) in the bottom of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) near the position above the base (18) of going to the bottom (6) or choosing, anticracking structure part (49) is gauze wire cloth, presses the mesh iron plate, is with a sour jujube iron plate, anticracking grid cloth.

45, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that flushing with (6) bottom surface of going to the bottom below the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), constitute the dark rib of flat board-like cast-in-situ reinforced concrete (2); Or between the concrete post, between the concrete post wall or the bottom of the Cast-in-place concrete beam (50) between the wall flushes with go to the bottom (6), constitutes flat board-like dark beam.

46,, it is characterized in that in cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), Cast-in-place concrete beam (50), hollow mould shell (3) or the muscle of wearing of its go to the bottom (6) passes in hole (46) and has or not bonding or bonded prestressed tendon (51) according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of claim 45.

47, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of claim 45, it is characterized in that shaped steel (52) is arranged in the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2) or in the Cast-in-place concrete beam (50), shaped steel (52) is cold-rolled forming section, channel-section steel, i shaped steel, cold-rolled forming section (52) be C type, L type, ⊥ type, U type,

Type, II type.

48, according to the described a kind of reinforcing-bar three-dimensional bearing roof of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that below go to the bottom (6) of hollow mould shell (3), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom (53) being arranged, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete rib (2), cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bottom (53) parcel hollow mould shell (3), the folder dead level superstructure of space bar member load in forming, sidewall (5) around the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete parcel, expose simultaneously upper plate (4) and go to the bottom (6), forms grid rib net rod member hollow steel bar concrete superstructure.

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