CN1741460A - Method and system for realizing telecommunication network universal performance management - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing telecommunication network universal performance management Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for realizing general performance management of telecommunication network includes defining device performance model file according to type , version and performance of device and storing the file ; fetching performance model file and analyzing it to be specific management information model data of device performance ; presenting performance management boundary on performance management foreground according to said model data ; finalizing task register ; executing performance task and sending performance data from device back to said foreground ; checking performance threshold and generating alarm when performance data exceeds threshold .
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to telecommunication network technology, relate in particular to the implementation method and the system of telecommunication network universal performance management.
Background technology
Typical communication network is made up of a large amount of telecommunication apparatus, comprises wireless device, transmission equipment, switching equipment and smart machine etc.In order to help the telecommunications operator to manage the communication network that thousands of network elements are formed effectively, the telecommunicatioin network management design all comprises performance management function.Different types of equipment, according to the requirement and the standard of management domain separately, can produce the performance measurement data of its performance index of reflection, the performance measurement data that telecommunicatioin network management can periodically be collected, store these equipment, thereby provide real-time performance data monitoring, performance data threshold alarm, History Performance Data analysis and performance data report capability to the webmaster keeper, and then draw network performance bottleneck, fault etc. in real time and statistic analysis result, for the operation of communication network, safeguard and provide support.Existing most of network performance management system as shown in Figure 1.
Network performance management according to its management attribute, defines the performance management model of standard at different types of telecommunication apparatus, and standard goes out information such as the measurement type, measuring object, measurement index of this kind equipment.The performance management model of this standard will be as the basis of management multiple supplier telecommunication apparatus, for example 3GPP TS52.402[22], 3GPP TS 32.403[23], defined the equipment performance administrative model of GSM and UTMS network.
The performance management of certain equipment in the network or equipment group is responsible in equipment control, creates the performance task on the equipment of the type, thereby collects the results of property data, simultaneously, is responsible for performance data is reported the network performance management system according to default.
Adapter (Adapter) is responsible for network management and equipment control communication Protocol Conversion, may be agreements such as order line (MML), Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Qx; And, finish the standard adaption function according to the standard performance administrative model of the type equipment.
What the results of property data were finished on the performance management backstage on the one hand compiles, deposits in database, is responsible for accepting the control operation on foreground simultaneously, finishes for operations such as the control of adapter (Adapter) and database result inquiries.In addition, if the real time monitoring of some performance data has been subscribed on the foreground, the backstage can send to the foreground with these performance datas of receiving, carries out in real time, demonstration quasi real time.
Though above-mentioned performance management system can satisfy the needs of some communication network performance managements, has the following disadvantages:
1, there is diversified equipment usually in large-scale communication network, and every kind of equipment has performance information model different, frequent evolution, and said system lacks this dynamic support on the one hand, the inefficiencies that has exploitation and safeguard.
2, the acquisition mode of above-mentioned data is too single, and the equipment in the communication network varies, and the equipment that has need be by the equipment control access to network management system, and the equipment that has then needs direct access to network management system; The equipment that has can be initiatively to Upper NM Station report performance data, and the equipment that has can not be reported performance data to Upper NM Station, the equipment support property management role that has, and the equipment that has does not support or the like that said system lacks the flexibility that complication system is supported.
3, said system can't provide the performance data collection of network-level to control flexibly, can only carry out the control of part by control adapter (Adapter), and concrete control can only be finished by equipment control, lacks Total tune and efficient.
Though 4 equipment controles can provide the performance exceptional cast of certain equipment, but be simple threshold event, flexible, the effective positioning problems means of network-level can not be provided, in addition, though the mechanism of performance monitoring is provided, but shortage network problem, performance bottleneck are found in real time, the excavation means, and effectively performance real-time management means can't be provided truly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of implementation method of telecommunication network universal performance management, have the low and relatively poor problem of flexibility of maintenance efficiency in the prior art to solve.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of implementation method of telecommunication network universal performance management comprises:
The definition step is used for the performance model file and the preservation of kind, version and performance management function define equipment according to equipment, and this performance model file comprises all management information of respective type equipment performance management;
Analyzing step is used for the reading performance model file and resolves to concrete equipment performance Management Information Model data;
Management process is used for presenting the performance management interface according to performance management information model data to the performance management foreground, and the registration of finishing the work;
Monitoring step is used for according to equipment and the measurement index selected, sends querying command to corresponding adapter or network element, and the results of property data of returning are returned the performance management foreground;
Compilation steps, the performance data of be used to receive, preservation equipment sending, and check relevant performance threshold, and when performance data surmounts thresholding, produce alarm event;
Alarm step is used for the alarm event that compilation steps produces is forwarded to the alarm and control system of webmaster.
Described method also comprises:
Query steps is used for from described database query history performance data and offers the performance management foreground.
Also finish bookkeeping, the management of data integrity degree, performance threshold management and the task management of acquiescence performance of performance task in the described management process.
A kind of telecommunication network universal performance management system comprises module behind performance management foreground module and the performance management; Described performance management backstage comprises:
Database is used for the various data of storage system;
Adaptive administration module is used for the adapter that the configuration by system creates NE, and carries out adaptive with communicating by letter of network element and webmaster;
The performance model parsing module is used for the performance model document analysis of the definition variety classes and the performance management of version equipment is become concrete equipment performance Management Information Model data and deposits described database in;
Performance task management module, the performance management information model data that generate according to the performance model parsing module present the performance management interface to the performance management foreground, the registration and deposit mission bit stream in described database of finishing the work; And provide the management function of performance task;
The real-time performance monitor module according to equipment and the measurement index selected, periodically sends querying command to corresponding adapter or network element, and the results of property data of returning is returned performance management foreground module;
The performance data that real-time results collection module, receiving equipment send is also checked relevant performance threshold, and produce alarm event when performance data surmounts thresholding, and performance data is deposited in the described database;
The performance alarm module provides the management of performance index thresholding, and the alarm event of real-time results collection module triggering is forwarded to the alarm and control system of webmaster according to the index thresholding of these definition.
Described performance management backstage also comprises: the performance histories data management module is used for from described database query performance data and offers the performance management foreground.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts general performance model definition frame, can realize universal performance management for communication network every field (move, fixed network, intelligence, transmission) equipment, realize that new equipment inserts and the upgrading support easily, realize the unified performance management of manufacturer's telecommunication apparatus.
2, the present invention passes through performance task definition flexibly, and acquiescence performance task, active data polishing can provide flexible, effective, reliable network-level performance data collection to control.
3, the present invention can provide effective network-level positioning problems means by the performance threshold flexibly and the performance monitoring setting of network-level, improves telecommunication network maintenance efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing network performance management system schematic;
Fig. 2 is a network universality energy management system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a performance model file organization schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Consult shown in Figure 2ly, network universality of the present invention can management system comprise performance management foreground and performance management backstage.The performance management backstage comprises performance model parsing module, performance task management module, real-time performance monitor module, template management module, real-time results collection module, performance alarm module, History Performance Data administration module and adaptive administration module.Description below in conjunction with each module illustrates the present invention.
The present invention is according to the different performance model file of performance management definition of variety classes and version equipment, and the performance model file must be deferred to standard file format, requires to comprise all management information contents of the type equipment performance management.The performance model file can be various textual forms, the performance model form that adopts the XML form to describe in the present embodiment, thus different concrete equipment mappings easily and fill substance form the performance model file of oneself.
Consult shown in Figure 3, each needs the network element needs of performance management to define a plurality of measurement collection of oneself successively according to performance management function, one group of measurement index below the measuring unit below each measurement collection, each measuring unit, and the measuring object type definition of each measuring unit correspondence.
The concrete network element feature that performance model was suitable for that NE type has defined information description specifically comprises: device type-and be a name of product that meets field product name custom in fact, as RNC, SGSN; The Digital ID of device type ID-device type; Production Version information; Additional information, as produce time of this performance model etc.
Measure collection information, comprise the ID of this measurement collection, information such as title.
Measuring unit information in the measurement collection definition section justice decided at the higher level but not officially announced of ownership, comprises the ID of measuring unit, title, and whether this measurement collects that the support property data report (if do not support, webmaster can only to this measurement result data of equipment query).
Measuring object information in the measuring unit definition section justice decided at the higher level but not officially announced of correspondence, comprises the title of measuring object, id information.
Measurement index information in the measuring unit definition section justice decided at the higher level but not officially announced of correspondence, comprises the title of measurement index, information such as ID, unit, information such as formula.If index is self-defining index, can insert the index formula, for example the current index of " [1003]+[1002]/2 " expression is meant that mark is defined as the mean value that ID is 1003 and 1002 measurement index.
Below be the sample of a device type for the performance definition of the equipment of " MSC9800 ": wherein MS-measures collection, MU-measuring unit, ME-measurement index, the definition of having omitted the dtd file here.
<？xml?version＝″1.0″？encoding＝”UTF-8”>
<！DOCTYPE?device?SYSTEM″pmdef.dtd″>
＜!--device type definition information--〉
<device?device_type_id＝″8765″device_type_name＝″MSC9800″>
＜!-measure collection to define--
<MS?MS_id＝″1″MS_name＝″MS1″>
＜! The definition of-measuring unit--〉
<MU?MU_ID＝″1″MU_name＝″MU1″>
<if_report_supported>0</if_report_supported>
＜!-measuring object type definition--〉
<object_type?obj_type_d＝″1″>
<obj_name>ObjectType1</obj_en_name>
</object_type>
＜! The definition of-measurement index--〉
<ME?ME_ID＝1?ME_name＝″ME1″>
<ME_unit>1</ME_unit>
<formula>[1003]+[1002]</formula>
</ME>
</MU>
</MS>
</device>
1, performance model parsing module: the performance model file of analyzing device (interface 1), form concrete equipment performance Management Information Model data, and deposit the information model that generates in database (interface 2), later on will be based on the performance management information model that generates for the maintenance management of the type, version equipment.
Above-mentioned performance management information needs the device type definition table in database, measure the collection definition list, and measuring unit definition list and measuring object definition list and measurement index definition list are stored its information, the compound above-mentioned information description of the structure of table and content.
Performance model is resolved except generating said system performance information definition list, also need to create measurement result storage form for each measuring unit of this device type equipment, the row of form should comprise the measurement index that this measuring unit is all, and respectively being listed as of form is as follows:
| Measure task ID | Measuring object | Rise time as a result | Measurement index 1 | Measurement index 2 | Measurement index 3 |
The wherein measuring object formal description of character string, it is determinant attribute from the type object of network management configuration management acquisition, for example, if a signalling point, so this possible character string be exactly its determinant attribute-" signaling point code: " 0X6CCCCBH ", if the object of the type has a plurality of determinant attributes; deposit in after can connecting with certain special connector; the measuring object multiple row of maximum number perhaps is set, each attribute is inserted each row successively according to its order.The attribute of general object is no more than 5, so it is enough to get 5 row.
If the equipment of certain type, its certain measuring unit is enough big, 300 measurement indexes are for example arranged, so presumable database is restricted, can not create so many row, perhaps for the consideration of efficient, be not suitable for creating so big table, so reasonably way is in storage this measuring unit table being carried out suitable fractionation, be split as a table, every table contains the measurement index of proper number, after the inner encapsulation of database, externally still can be rendered as the processing of a table, our performance management can not be subjected to the measurement index limited in number like this.
2, performance task management module, the bookkeeping, the management of data integrity degree, performance threshold management and the task management of acquiescence performance that are used to register performance task, performance task.
(1) flow process of registration task: the task management module is responsible for presenting performance management interface (interface 3) according to the performance management information model that generates to the performance management foreground, display device type, measurement collection and measuring unit tree are selected for the keeper on the interface, behind the selected measuring unit of keeper, system shows that the measurement index tabulation under this measuring unit provides selection, and the keeper can also be any measurement index definition performance threshold; Simultaneously, object type according to measuring unit, from configuration data, read measuring object example in all systems that this measuring unit answers, can show, be convenient to the some or all of object that the keeper can select below each network element and carry out data acquisition according to the form of configuration network element tree; At last, provide the interface to set time of task to the keeper, the temporal information that can set can be very flexible, comprising:
Task type can be:
System-task does not have restriction initial, the concluding time in case establishment moves forever.
Infinitely-and task operation forever after the time started of determining, there is not the restriction of concluding time.
Limited-task is only moved in predetermined initial, concluding time, and task will finish to move after the concluding time.
In the cycle of duty cycle-definition performance data collection, unit is minute maximum 1440 minutes.
From date-definition task begins the date of image data.
The Close Date-date of definition task termination data acquisition.
The date cyclical patterns can be:
By sky-task in initial, Close Date every day image data all.
By the jede Woche of week-task in initial, Close Date, according to operation every day time in week of appointment, for example on every Mondays and Friday.
Monthly-and task every month in initial, Close Date whenever, according to operation every day designated date, for example per No. 3 and No. 9.
Measure date set-in weekly, define the working day of the operation of data acquisition weekly, when the date cyclical patterns is every month, define the date that data acquisition in every month moves in the date cyclical patterns.
Maximum three time periods of Measuring Time section-definition measurement task execution every day.Time period can not be overlapping, and each time period all should be greater than measuring period, and each time period can not stride zero point.
The operator finishes after the customization of performance mission bit stream, the performance task management functions will be according to the object grouping of selecting, object from same network element is divided into one group, subsequently, whether the support property data report sign according to definite being registered of the task of net element information model, if support, corresponding adapter (Adapter) is issued in the creation task order, finished the enrollment process (interface 4) of performance task, otherwise, then there is no need Adaper is issued in the order of creation task, task only is present on the webmaster, and webmaster is according to the data acquisition time of setting, the object of collection and measurement index, periodically send querying command, finish the collection of performance data to Adapter.The task of finishing registration need deposit mission bit stream in database, and database need be provided with mission bit stream storage form, and the mission bit stream of all registrations all is stored in the database, and after system restart, the task of registration can not lost (interface 17) yet like this.The performance mission bit stream can be stored in many tables, as Basic Information Table, and the object information table, the indication information table, temporal information tables etc. are set up related by task ID.
(2) the bookkeeping flow process of performance task: deletion, modification, inquiry, suspending/resuming operation.For the above-mentioned performance task that only is registered on the webmaster, bookkeeping then be directly revise or the deletion webmaster on job setting information and sign (interface 3).Performance task for registering to equipment need forward the command to corresponding Adapter, to the relevant administration order (interface 4) of equipment issue, finishes the management of performance task by Adapter.
(3) data integrity degree management process:
The results of property data of the results of property data of data integrity degree (%)=receive/should receive
The keeper can select the performance task to check the integrity degree of its data, the actual results of property number of receiving of this task of inquiry from database is responsible in task management, go out the results of property number that receive according to the mission bit stream set-up and calculated, thereby draw the integrity degree of data.If the full performance degree is less than 100%, the user can also select the data polishing, and the task management meeting sends result queries to Adapter or equipment, attempts to inquire about the performance data of gaps and omissions, thereby finishes the polishing of data.
Above-mentioned data polishing is that manual mode is carried out, the system that also can be provided with carries out the data polishing automatically, data that the late into the night every three days, performance was lost in the polishing these two days for example, this automatic polishing does not need manual intervention, has strengthened system survivability and stability.
(4) performance threshold management process: the keeper can set the performance alarm thresholding to performance index or composite index that the performance task is gathered, has the thresholding of following form can supply to set:
Simple threshold is provided with, for example:
Performance index 1＜200, performance index 1＞=100.
Complicated threshold setting, for example:
(performance index 1＜200) AND (performance index 2＞100),
(performance index 1＞100) OR (performance index 3＜70),
Capability gradient:
(performance index 1 per minute rate of change)＞100,
((performance index 1 per minute rate of change)＞100) OR ((performance index 3 per minute rates of change)＜200).
The keeper can increase, delete, revises these threshold settings, in case thresholding effectively is provided with, these are provided with and just should be deposited in database (interface 17).
(5) acquiescence performance task management: except the performance task creation of craft, the keeper can also be to the performance data collection task of certain kind equipment definition acquiescence, in case these equipment access networks, webmaster is set up performance data collection setting (situation that the equipment support reports) automatically or set up performance queries task (do not support situation about reporting) on webmaster on these equipment, thus the performance management of " plug and play " formula of realization.
The keeper need define the performance task of acquiescence, and these tasks can be deposited in assignment database, and the net subsequently expands the performance management of realization in service " plug and play " formula.
3, the real-time performance monitor module: the keeper can select the performance index of some on the equipment in the network, in real time or the tendency situation of these performance index of supervision quasi real time (interface 10), can select to monitor simple performance index, also can select the performance index arithmetic expression of monitor complex, for example: (performance index 1+ performance index 2)/2, the refresh cycle of selecting real-time performance to monitor, for example 2 minutes, simultaneously, the supervision thresholding of monitor item can also be set in real time monitoring, in case the data that monitor surpass the supervision thresholding of setting, on monitoring graphics, provide the demonstration of high brightness, thereby help the keeper to grasp location profound network performance situation and failure condition in real time, the figure of supervision can be with tabulation, broken line graph, pie chart, forms such as post figure show that the performance present situation that forms intuition shows.
The real-time performance monitor module is according to equipment (can be a plurality of equipment) and the measurement index selected, periodically send querying command to corresponding Adapter or network element according to the refresh cycle, the results of property data of returning are returned to the performance management foreground, the results of property data that the foreground is returned for equipment, calculate corresponding real time monitoring thresholding, subsequently the result data that obtains is shown to the user according to the display mode of appointment, realizes the function of real time monitoring.
4, Template Manager: as mentioned above, the setting of performance task data is comparatively complicated, complex operation, system can be with information task time that often is provided with, performance object information, performance index information, performance mission bit stream etc. is defined as template, the user can manage these templates (interface 12), comprise the establishment object template, the index template, the temporal information template, the mission bit stream template, and the inquiry of these templates, revise, operations such as deletion, all Template Information and mission bit stream are similar, be stored in (interface 16) in the template corresponding tables of data, in task operating, the user can call the setting of the direct reduced parameter of these templates, accelerates the progress of safeguarding (interface 13).
5, real-time results collection module: the Adapter of equipment collects the performance data that equipment reports, perhaps inquire on the slave unit (interface 7) after the performance data, check relevant performance threshold, surmount thresholding in case exist, then the alarm form according to the webmaster definition produces alarm event (interface 9).Subsequently these performance datas are deposited in (interface 8) in the database.
Consider the performance of database problem, real-time results are compiled the FIFO design that can adopt shared drive, the size of FIFO can dispose in system, form the Buffer Pool of task result data, can solve temporary transient performance data storm like this reports, simultaneously, the performance condition with surveillance compiled that helps data.
6, performance alarm: alarm event is forwarded to the alarm and control system of webmaster, and the latter will show these alarms according to the mode that standard alarm is handled, the notice leading subscriber.
7, History Performance Data management: the keeper can be by the History Performance Data managing queries, browse performance data, and query performance data from database are responsible in the History Performance Data management, offers the performance management foreground and browses and show.
8, adaptive management system: create the adapter of each network element according to the configuration of system, Adapter carries out adaptive with communicating by letter of network element, NE management.Adapter can communicate by letter with NE management, also can be directly and net element communication, realize comprehensively inserting.
The form of performance model file need satisfy above-mentioned definition in the present invention, but concrete document form can be other textual forms also except XML, as TXT, and HTML etc.
The time of performance mission bit stream is provided with and has provided the most detailed time setting, might select part-time information in the application of reality as required, realizes the task management of performance, but does not influence the performance management function based on task.
Above-mentioned performance threshold is inquired about calculating by the task management module in database, might in the process of collecting results of property, calculate the situation that the record performance data are lost by the real-time results collection module simultaneously, and store these performance datas and lose record, the performance data polishing will depend on these records like this, rather than the data clauses and subclauses of the definite loss of search in database.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, can finish universal performance management, realize that new equipment inserts easily, upgrading is supported, realize the unified performance management of manufacturer's telecommunication apparatus for communication network every field (move, fixed network, intelligence, transmission) equipment.
2, provide flexible, effective, the control of network-level performance data collection reliably.
3, by the performance threshold flexibly and the performance monitoring design of network-level, provide effective network-level positioning problems means, improved telecommunication network maintenance efficient.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of implementation method of telecommunication network universal performance management is characterized in that comprising:
The definition step is used for the performance model file and the preservation of kind, version and performance management function define equipment according to equipment, and this performance model file comprises all management information of respective type equipment performance management;
Analyzing step is used for the reading performance model file and resolves to concrete equipment performance Management Information Model data;
Management process is used for presenting the performance management interface according to performance management information model data to the performance management foreground, and the registration of finishing the work;
Monitoring step is used for according to equipment and the measurement index selected, periodically sends querying command according to the refresh cycle to corresponding adapter or network element, and the results of property data of returning are returned the performance management foreground;
Compilation steps, the performance data of be used to receive, preservation equipment sending, and check relevant performance threshold, and when performance data surmounts thresholding, produce alarm event;
Alarm step is used for the alarm event that compilation steps produces is forwarded to the alarm and control system of webmaster.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this method also comprises:
Query steps is used for from described database query history performance data and offers the performance management foreground.
3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, also finishes bookkeeping, the management of data integrity degree, performance threshold management and the task management of acquiescence performance of performance task in the management process.
As claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that 4, the registration of finishing the work comprises step:
(1) is received in customized task information on the performance management interface, comprises the task time of measuring unit, measurement index, measuring object and the setting of selection;
(2) object of selecting in the customized task information process from same network element is divided into one group;
(3) whether the support property data report sign according to definite being registered of the task of net element information model, if not, then only this task are registered on the webmaster; Otherwise corresponding adapter is issued in the creation task order, task is registered on the equipment;
(4) mission bit stream with registration is saved in database.
5, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, be task on the webmaster for registration, according to the data acquisition time of setting, the object and the measurement index of collection, periodically send querying command to finish the collection of performance data to adapter by webmaster.
6, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, when managing operation to only being registered in performance task on the webmaster, directly revise or the deletion webmaster on job setting information and sign; When managing operation, forward the command to corresponding adapter, finish the management of performance task by adapter to the relevant administration order of equipment issue for the performance task that registers to equipment.
7, method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, when carrying out the management of data integrity degree, the actual results of property number of receiving of this task of inquiry from database, go out the results of property number that receive according to the mission bit stream set-up and calculated, calculate the data integrity degree.
8, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, less than 100% o'clock, carries out data polishing by sending result queries to adapter or equipment at the data integrity degree.
9, a kind of telecommunication network universal performance management system, comprise performance management foreground and performance management after; It is characterized in that described performance management backstage comprises:
Database is used for the various data of storage system;
Adaptive administration module is used for the adapter that the configuration by system creates NE, and carries out adaptive with communicating by letter of network element and webmaster;
The performance model parsing module is used for the performance model document analysis of the definition variety classes and the performance management of version equipment is become concrete equipment performance Management Information Model data and deposits described database in;
Performance task management module, the performance management information model data that generate according to the performance model parsing module present the performance management interface to the performance management foreground, the registration and deposit mission bit stream in described database of finishing the work; With the management function that the performance task is provided;
The real-time performance monitor module according to equipment and the measurement index selected, periodically sends querying command to corresponding adapter or network element, and the results of property data of returning is returned performance management foreground module;
The performance data that real-time results collection module, receiving equipment send is also checked relevant performance threshold, and produce alarm event when performance data surmounts thresholding, and performance data is deposited in the described database;
The performance alarm module provides the management of performance index thresholding, and the alarm event of real-time results collection module triggering is forwarded to the alarm and control system of webmaster according to the index thresholding of these definition.
10, management system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that also comprising template management module, the relevant information of task generated template deposits described database in, and for described performance task management module invokes, with convenient follow-up task definition.
11, as claim 9 or 10 described management systems, it is characterized in that also comprising the performance histories data management module, be used for from described database query performance data and offer the performance management foreground.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6542466B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2003-04-01 | Motorola, Inc. | Communication network method and apparatus |
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