CN1739893A - Pressure difference casting process of preparing in-situ aluminium base composite material - Google Patents
Pressure difference casting process of preparing in-situ aluminium base composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1739893A CN1739893A CN 200510029889 CN200510029889A CN1739893A CN 1739893 A CN1739893 A CN 1739893A CN 200510029889 CN200510029889 CN 200510029889 CN 200510029889 A CN200510029889 A CN 200510029889A CN 1739893 A CN1739893 A CN 1739893A
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Abstract
The pressure difference casting process of preparing in-situ aluminum base composite material in casting technology field includes the following steps: re-melting liquid metal, introducing inert gas for protection and stirring; setting cast mold and crucible separately inside the upper and the lower mold cavity, sealing and vacuum refining to deair; increasing the pressure of the upper and the lower mold cavity to initial pressure, pressure difference casting via liquid raising and filling, i. e., increasing the pressure of the lower mold cavity to pressurize the metal liquid into mold cavity in antigravity direction; and pressurizing the upper and the lower mold cavity simultaneously while maintaining the pressure difference in between for high pressure solidification and feeding until complete solidification. The present invention applies pressure difference casting technology in preparing in-situ aluminum base composite material and can form thin wall complicated and high precision casting of in-situ aluminum base composite material.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of preparation method's of casting technology field, particularly a kind of in-situ Al-base composition pressure difference casting process of preparing.
Background technology
Counter-pressure casting belongs to the hot investment casting field.Be applied to that Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics etc. are industrial large-sized, in the production of thin-walled and complicated aluminium casting.Counter-pressure casting is a kind of special Countergravity casting method, its shaping characteristic is that in the cast form process, the flow direction of metal liquid is opposite with the effect of gravity, can control the flow velocity of molten metal like this, thereby reduce volume gas and the slag inclusion phenomenon that occurs in the casting process.The counter-pressure casting method is the casting new method that grows up the beginning of the sixties, and this method comes from low pressure casting, and it has the characteristics of low pressure casting and autoclave pressure casting concurrently.Its principle is that molten metal is shaped under certain pressure reduction, under high pressure solidifies.Main feature has: reduce bleb, needle pore defect; When the liquid metal filling cast, there are one deck gas membrane in the rill of type wall or coarse part, and surface quality of continuous castings improves greatly; Hot cracking tendency when counter-pressure casting also obviously reduces large complicated casting solidification.The feeding pressure of counter-pressure casting is the several times (multiple upper cavity pressure when solidifying is determined) of low pressure casting.Compare counter-pressure casting with low pressure casting and can reduce setting time 20%～25%, reduced the rotten decay in the freezing period, refinement crystal grain.Also do not have pertinent literature to provide the parameter of counter-pressure casting when practical application so far, in engineering is used, tend to bring unnecessary economic loss if can not appropriate design fill shape parameter.
Find through literature search prior art, Ceng Jianmin, Zhou Yao and etc. in " the die casting world " 2002,4, deliver " low pressure casting of enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles precision casting " literary composition on the 19-22, this article is pointed out: the mobile performance of composite is not as good as matrix alloy, so the shaping over-borrowing of composite helps pressure or centrifugal force.Particulate reinforced composite is a heterogeneous material, so the mold-filling capacity of material not only depends on the character and the technological parameter of matrix alloy, also depends on concentration and the distribution of particle in melt.Total trend is that along with the increase of distribution of particles, the fluid ability of material reduces.The test result of screw type sample shows that when volume fraction was increased to 15%, liquidity reduced about half.
In further retrieving, do not find the preparation method of counter-pressure casting is applied to the report of the preparation of aluminum matrix composite so far as yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition is provided, its method with counter-pressure casting is applied in the preparation of in-situ Al-base composition part, energy casting thin-walled, complexity, high-precision aluminum matrix composite foundry goods.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the present invention feeds the liquid metal remelting inert gas and protects, and stir the fusing back; Casting mold and crucible place upper and lower die cavity respectively, the vacuum refining degasification of sealing back; After the refining upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to initial synchronisation pressure, carry out counter-pressure casting then and rise the liquid filling, promptly increase the pressure of lower impressions gradually, the composite molten metal is pressed into die cavity along the antigravity direction, after the casting mold filling is finished, the crust pressurize, upper and lower then die cavity pressurizes simultaneously, keeps upper and lower die cavity pressure reduction constant in the pressure process, makes the casting solidification environment transfer high pressure rapidly to, foundry goods feeding under high pressure, solidify, until solidifying end.
Composite stirs under inert gas shielding, and mixing time is 15-50min.Inert gas is N
2Perhaps Ar
2
Composite material by adopting vacuumizes the refining degasification, specifically: be evacuated down to-keep during 0.1Mpa vacuum refining, vacuum refining time 15-60min.
After the refining upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to initial synchronisation pressure, the pressure limit-0.1Mpa-10Mpa in the upper and lower die cavity.
When the composite counter-pressure casting rises the liquid filling, pressure reduction 0.2-1atm in the upper and lower die cavity, composite differential pressure loading time 5-50s.
After the filling casting mold was finished, under the constant situation of upper and lower die cavity pressure reduction, upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to simultaneously: 1-30atm, solidifying the dwell time was 1-30min.
After the casting mold filling is finished, increased the crust packing stage, dwell time 1s-5s.
Aluminum matrix composite melt viscosity height, temperature is very sensitive to the flowability affects of composite, and is very difficult with the casting technique shaping of common alloy.As stated above, composite is the refining degasification under vacuum, replaces traditional carbon trichloride degasification, can avoid in degassing procedure, and a large amount of bubbles is also taken away particle in the refining melt together, thereby influences performance of composites.At little simultaneous pressure P
SynchronouslyLower charging type solidifies under high pressure, makes the one-tenth form drag of composite reduce, and the external world has high air pressure when solidifying, and can obtain the foundry goods of dense structure., and consider Composite Melt when filling type, to have the type of filling delay phenomenon and increased the crust packing stage at high pressure effect damage type wall for fear of molten metal, finally obtain the composite castings of structure property excellence.
The present invention is applied to the method for counter-pressure casting in the preparation of in-situ Al-base composition part, solved the moulding problem that the aluminum current based composites exists, this method can be used to prepare thin-walled, complexity, high-precision aluminium-base composite material member, and the surface and the internal soundness of foundry goods improve greatly.Composite counter-pressure casting method has been improved the molten metal viscosity that causes owing to the introducing that strengthens body and has been increased the difficult forming of bringing, and has improved the processability of molten metal.Under inert gas, stir, avoid oxidation.Substitute conventional degasification with the vacuum refining degasification, the problem of easy oxidation when having solved the degasification of composite conventional method, and protected the content of the ceramic particle in the matrix and evenly dispersion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method schematic diagram
Among the figure, P
OnBe meant upper impression pressure, P
DownBe meant lower impressions pressure, P
Last pressurizePressure when being meant the pressurize of upper impression high pressure, P
Following pressurizeBe meant the pressure of lower impressions high pressure pressurize, P
Normal pressureBe meant normal pressure (being 1atm), P
SynchronouslyBe meant the common pressure that fills the preceding upper and lower die cavity of type, P
SynchronouslyAfter also type is filled in representative, the pressure in the upper impression.
The specific embodiment
Provide following examples in conjunction with content of the present invention:
Embodiment 1:10wt.%TiB
2In-situ particle strengthens the preparation of ZL109 composite.
With 10wt.%TiB
2/ ZL109 composite ingot is inserted remelting in the crucible, and logical nitrogen is protected, and after 15min is stirred in fusing back, is evacuated down to-keep vacuum refining during 0.1Mpa, and time 15min after the refining, removes the scum silica frost of bath surface, and casting mold is installed, and covers annular seal space; At P
On=P
Down=-0.1Mpa, the filling casting mold, pressure reduction is raised to 0.4atm in 5s, and behind the crust pressurize 1s, upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to synchronously: P
Last pressurize=8.1atm, P
Following pressurize=8.5atm, the constant 0.4atm of pressure reduction, pressurize 3min.The material T5 attitude mechanical property of preparing: σ
b=427Mpa; σ
0.2=399Mpa; δ=1.5%; E=95.9Gpa.(P
On, P
Down, P
Last pressurize, P
Following pressurizeExpression referring to Fig. 1)
Embodiment 2:10wt.%TiC in-situ particle strengthens the preparation of ZL101 composite.
10wt.%TiC/ZL101 composite ingot is inserted remelting in the crucible, feed nitrogen and protect, after 50min is stirred in the fusing back, be evacuated down to-keep vacuum refining during 0.1Mpa, time 45min is after the refining, remove the scum silica frost of bath surface, casting mold is installed, cover annular seal space; Upper and lower die cavity boosts, at P
On=P
DownFilling casting mold during=1atm, pressure reduction is raised to 0.85atm in 18s, at this moment P
Last pressurize=1atm, P
Following pressurize=1.85atm, pressurize 30min.The T6 attitude mechanical property of the material of preparing: σ
b=372Mpa; σ
0.2=339Mpa; δ=2.0%; E=89.3Gpa.
Embodiment 3:(12wt.%TiB
2+ 4wt.%TiC) in-situ particle strengthens the preparation of ZL114 composite.
With (8wt.%TiB
2+ 4wt.%TiC)/ZL114 composite ingot inserts remelting in the crucible, feeds nitrogen and protects, after 30min is stirred in the fusing back, be evacuated down to-keep vacuum refining during 0.1Mpa, time 30min is after the refining, remove surface scum, casting mold is installed, cover annular seal space; Upper and lower die cavity boosts, at P
On=P
Down=P
Normal pressureFilling casting mold during=1atm, pressure reduction is raised to 0.3atm in 50s, and behind the crust pressurize 1s, upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to synchronously: P
Last pressurize=2.0atm, P
Following pressurize=2.3atm, the constant 0.3atm of pressure reduction, pressurize 10min.The material T5 attitude mechanical property of preparing: σ
b=325Mpa; σ
0.2=253Mpa; δ=4.8%; E=88.5Gpa.
Embodiment 4:10wt.%TiB
2In-situ particle strengthens the preparation of ZL301 composite.
With 10wt.%TiB
2/ ZL301 composite ingot is inserted remelting in the crucible, feeds nitrogen and protects, and after 15min is stirred in the fusing back, is evacuated down to-keep vacuum refining during 0.1Mpa, and time 55min removes scum silica frost after the refining, casting mold is installed, and covers annular seal space; Upper and lower boosting is at P
On=P
DownFilling casting mold during=1.5atm, pressure reduction is raised to 0.5atm in 28s, and behind the crust pressurize 5s, upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to synchronously: P
Last pressurize=3.0atm, P
Following pressurize=3.5atm, the constant 0.5atm of pressure reduction, pressurize 8min.The material T5 attitude mechanical property of preparing: σ
b=405Mpa; σ
0.2=337Mpa; δ=5.5%; E=90.5Gpa.
Embodiment 5:10wt.%TiB
2In-situ particle strengthens the preparation of the composite formed turbo blade of ZL109.
With 10wt.%TiB
2/ ZL109 composite ingot is inserted remelting in the crucible, feeds nitrogen and protects, and 25min is stirred in the fusing back, and the lid median septum is evacuated down to-keep vacuum refining 15min during 0.1Mpa, removes the scum silica frost of bath surface, and casting mold is installed, and covers annular seal space; Upper and lower die cavity boosts, at P
On=P
DownFilling casting mold during=10atm, stowing pressure are raised to 0.3atm when 12s, behind the crust pressurize 3s, upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to synchronously: P
Last pressurize=29.7atm, P
Following pressurize=30atm, the constant 0.3atm of pressure reduction, pressurize 1.5min successfully prepares any surface finish, dimensional accuracy height, the turbo blade of minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) 1mm.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition is characterized in that: with the liquid metal remelting, feed inert gas and protect, stir the fusing back; Casting mold and crucible place upper and lower die cavity respectively, the vacuum refining degasification of sealing back; After the refining upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to initial synchronisation pressure, carry out counter-pressure casting then and rise the liquid filling, promptly increase the pressure of lower impressions gradually, the composite molten metal is pressed into die cavity along the antigravity direction, after the casting mold filling is finished, the crust pressurize, upper and lower then die cavity pressurizes simultaneously, keeps upper and lower die cavity pressure reduction constant in the pressure process, makes the casting solidification environment transfer high pressure rapidly to, foundry goods feeding under high pressure, solidify, until solidifying end.
2, the pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, stirs mixing time 15-50min under inert gas shielding.
According to the pressure difference casting process of preparing of claim 1 or 2 described in-situ Al-base compositions, it is characterized in that 3, inert gas is N
2Perhaps Ar
2
4, the pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is evacuated down to-keeps during 0.1Mpa vacuum refining, vacuum refining time 15-60min.
5, the pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, after the refining upper and lower die cavity is pressurized to initial synchronisation pressure, the pressure limit-0.1Mpa-10Mpa in the last lower impressions.
6, the pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when counter-pressure casting rises the liquid filling, and pressure reduction 0.2-1atm in the last lower impressions, composite differential pressure loading time 5-50s.
7, the pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, after the filling casting mold was finished, upper and lower die cavity was pressurized to simultaneously: 1-30atm, solidifying the dwell time is 1-30min.
8, the pressure difference casting process of preparing of in-situ Al-base composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, crust dwell time 1s-5s.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101569924B (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-01-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-counter-pressure casting method for high-tensile and high-density aluminum silicon alloy |
| CN101653825B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-06-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-pressure counter-pressure casting method of Al-5 percent Cu base alloy |
| CN101658915B (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2012-07-11 | 南昌航空大学 | Vacuum differential-pressure casting grading pressure-change mold-filling and solidifying process |
| CN105583395A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-05-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Crystallization pressurization method for metal mold low-pressure casting molding of aluminum alloy vehicle chassis casting |
| CN105689688A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Crystallization pressure keeping and increasing method for low-pressure casting molding of aluminum alloy wheel metal mold |
| CN108580847A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of non-linear pressurizing control system of complexity metal component counter-pressure casting molding |
| CN110421144A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-08 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of high temperature alloy floating wall tile precision casting under adjustable pressure method of additional electromagnetic field effect |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IN170880B (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1992-06-06 | Metal Casting Tech | |
| US4982777A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1991-01-08 | Metal Casting Technology Inc. | Countergravity casting method and apparatus |
| CN1034876A (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1989-08-23 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of pressure-adjusting casting method |
| JPH0596356A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-20 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method and apparatus for pressure controlled casting |
| JPH08309509A (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-26 | Toyota Motor Corp | Differential pressure forming method |
| JP4271480B2 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2009-06-03 | 旭テック株式会社 | Manufacturing equipment for thin large castings |
-
2005
- 2005-09-22 CN CNB2005100298897A patent/CN100391655C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101569924B (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-01-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-counter-pressure casting method for high-tensile and high-density aluminum silicon alloy |
| CN101658915B (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2012-07-11 | 南昌航空大学 | Vacuum differential-pressure casting grading pressure-change mold-filling and solidifying process |
| CN101653825B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-06-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-pressure counter-pressure casting method of Al-5 percent Cu base alloy |
| CN105583395A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-05-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Crystallization pressurization method for metal mold low-pressure casting molding of aluminum alloy vehicle chassis casting |
| CN105689688A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Crystallization pressure keeping and increasing method for low-pressure casting molding of aluminum alloy wheel metal mold |
| CN105583395B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-05-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy automobile chassis casting metal-mold low-pressure casting shaping crystallization boosting method |
| CN108580847A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of non-linear pressurizing control system of complexity metal component counter-pressure casting molding |
| CN110421144A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-08 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of high temperature alloy floating wall tile precision casting under adjustable pressure method of additional electromagnetic field effect |
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| CN100391655C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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