CN1727651B - Direct fuel injection spark ignition internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Direct fuel injection spark ignition internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1727651B CN1727651B CN2005100849620A CN200510084962A CN1727651B CN 1727651 B CN1727651 B CN 1727651B CN 2005100849620 A CN2005100849620 A CN 2005100849620A CN 200510084962 A CN200510084962 A CN 200510084962A CN 1727651 B CN1727651 B CN 1727651B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
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Abstract
When, with a piston assuming the top dead center (TDC) on the compression stroke, a fuel is injected from a nozzle of a fuel injection valve, the injected fuel from the nozzle is guided to reach electrodes of a spark plug by a concave surface defined by a crown portion of a piston. A control unit is provided that controls the fuel injection valve and the spark plug. The control unit is configured to carry out under a given condition controlling the fuel injection valve to start the fuel injection at a time before the top dead center (TDC) on the compression stroke and finish the fuel injection at a time after the top dead center (TDC) on the compression stroke; and controlling the spark plug to carry out the ignition at a time after the top dead center (TDC).
Description
Invention field
Present invention relates in general to the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that a kind of direct fuel sprays, more particularly, relate to a kind of motor of type of controlling the control system of fuel injection timing and ignition timing according to the operational condition of motor that has.
Background technique
In order to illustrate task of the present invention, will the known motor of two kinds of the above-mentioned types be described briefly, they have been suggested or have obtained in practice to use so far, and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application 2001-336467 and 2003-113717 show this two kinds of motors.
The former has described a kind of measure, wherein when the catalytic converter in the vent systems of internal-combustion engine fully is not heated, implements fuel and spray in compression stroke, and ignition timing is delayed with respect to the top dead center (TDC) of compression stroke simultaneously.
The latter describes another kind of measure, wherein in the process of compression stroke, is reflected this fuel is guided into the electrode of spark plug by piston head from the fuel that each fuel injector sprayed.In fact, piston is top formed for promoting this fuel reflection.
Picture in order to quicken or promote the activation of catalytic converter after engine cold-start, preferably increases the temperature of waste gas known in the field, and in order to reduce the hydrocarbon (HC) in the waste gas, preferably post ignition timing widely.But if ignition timing postpones very much, the combustion stability of motor just reduces, so the delay of ignition timing has inevitable narrow limitation.Like this, when motor does not have abundant warming-up, be difficult to obtain stable burning especially.In fact, shift to an earlier date relatively, therefore, in fact can not realize the abundant delay of ignition timing usually based on the determined limited ignition timing of smooth combustion.
In the disclosed measure of patent application 2003-113717, the top of piston has groove, and the bottom surface of this groove constitutes oval-shaped concave surface.This concave surface also is configured as, when fuel has focus (focus) on the electrode that is positioned at spark plug when Fuelinjection nozzle sprays.Yet in the time before fuel in compression stroke sprays, the travelling speed of piston is very high, and therefore in fact, the time that the focus of the concave bottom surface of pistion recess remains on the electrode of spark plug is very short.Like this, the combustion stability of motor is had a strong impact between injection period at fuel.
So, the purpose of this invention is to provide the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that a kind of direct fuel sprays, this internal-combustion engine does not have above-mentioned defective.
With clear, according to the present invention, the actual following measures of taking solve above-mentioned defective from following description.
Also be, when motor be in predetermined serviceability, for example just during the state after cold start-up, therefore control and make and begin that fuel sprays and finish fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray, implement the igniting of institute's burner oil in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke in top dead center (TDC) moment before of compression stroke.In addition, piston head is configured as, when the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke, by described top with fuel reflection that fuel injector sprayed it is guided into the electrode of spark plug.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that provides a kind of direct fuel to spray, it comprises: cylinder; At least one intake duct that leads to cylinder; At least one air outlet flue from the cylinder extension; Piston, thus it is contained in movably in the axial direction and limits the firing chamber in the cylinder in this cylinder, and this firing chamber can link to each other with air outlet flue with intake duct respectively with outlet valve via suction valve; Fuelinjection nozzle has the fuel nozzle that is exposed in the firing chamber; Spark plug has the electrode that is exposed in the firing chamber; A kind of structure wherein during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, arrives the fuel guiding that nozzle sprayed via the top of piston the electrode of spark plug along with the top dead center of piston arrives compression stroke when fuel; With the control unit that is used to control Fuelinjection nozzle and spark plug, it is formed under the specified criteria and implements: the control Fuelinjection nozzle begins the fuel injection with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke and finishes fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray, that is, spray to carry out fuel through the mode of top dead center (TDC); The control spark plug is to implement igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards, and wherein, described specified criteria is the condition that needs to increase exhaust gas temperature.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that provides a kind of direct fuel to spray, this internal-combustion engine comprises a kind of structure, wherein, when fuel during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, arrives the fuel that nozzle the sprayed guiding of Fuelinjection nozzle via the concave surface that piston head limited the electrode of spark plug along with the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke; With the control unit that is used to control Fuelinjection nozzle and spark plug, it is formed under the specified criteria and implements: the control Fuelinjection nozzle begins the fuel injection with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke and finishes fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray; The control spark plug is to implement igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards, and wherein, described specified criteria is the condition that needs to increase exhaust gas temperature.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, provide a kind of operating method that is used for the spark-ignited internal combustion engine of direct fuel injection, this internal-combustion engine comprises: cylinder; At least one intake duct that leads to cylinder; At least one air outlet flue from the cylinder extension; Piston, thus it is contained in movably in the axial direction and limits the firing chamber in the cylinder in this cylinder, and this firing chamber can be connected with air outlet flue with intake duct respectively with outlet valve via suction valve; Fuelinjection nozzle has the fuel nozzle that is exposed in the firing chamber; Spark plug has the electrode that is exposed in the firing chamber; A kind of structure, wherein when fuel along with the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, via the top of piston the fuel guiding that nozzle sprayed is arrived the electrode of spark plug, described method is included in the following steps of implementing specified criteria under: the control Fuelinjection nozzle begins with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke that fuel sprays and finish the fuel injection in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke; With the control spark plug to implement igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards, wherein, described specified criteria is the condition that needs to increase exhaust gas temperature.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that provides a kind of direct fuel to spray comprises: cylinder; At least one intake duct that leads to cylinder; At least one air outlet flue from the cylinder extension; Piston, thus it is contained in movably in the axial direction and limits the firing chamber in the cylinder in this cylinder, and this firing chamber can be connected with air outlet flue with intake duct respectively with outlet valve via suction valve; Fuelinjection nozzle has the fuel nozzle that is exposed to the firing chamber; Spark plug has the electrode that is exposed to the firing chamber; A kind of structure wherein during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, arrives the fuel guiding that nozzle sprayed via the top of piston the electrode of spark plug along with the top dead center of piston arrives compression stroke when fuel; With the control unit that is used to control Fuelinjection nozzle and spark plug, it is formed under the specified criteria and implements: the control Fuelinjection nozzle begins the fuel injection with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke and finishes fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray, that is, spray to carry out fuel through the mode of top dead center (TDC); The control spark plug is to implement igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards, wherein, Fuelinjection nozzle is arranged in a sidepiece place of firing chamber, with in the firing chamber along downward-sloping direction from nozzle ejection fuel, spark plug is arranged in the approximate centre position of the top board of firing chamber, wherein when fuel along with the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke when fuel nozzle sprays, the fuel that is sprayed is drawn towards the top of piston and is reflected by this top, be drawn towards the electrode of spark plug then, the top of piston is formed with groove, this groove has oval-shaped concave bottom surface, when the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke, one of them focus of this concave bottom surface is positioned on the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, and another focus is positioned on the electrode of spark plug.
Brief description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the characteristic pattern of fuel injection beginning and stop timing and ignition timing, they are applied in the motor of the present invention;
Figure 2 shows that the plotted curve in an operation cycle of piston, this plotted curve is drawn with respect to the variation of crankangle according to piston position and corresponding combustion chamber volume;
Fig. 3 is a plotted curve, and it shows the variation than the flow velocity of air flow under various engine speeds in the firing chamber;
Fig. 4 is a plotted curve, and it shows the variation than the flow velocity of little airflow under various engine speeds in the firing chamber;
Fig. 5 is the necessary sectional view partly of the spark-ignited internal combustion engine of direct fuel injection of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the planimetric map of the spark-ignited internal combustion engine of direct fuel injection of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic representation of the unitary construction of motor of the present invention;
Position relation when Figure 8 shows that the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke between piston, spark plug and the Fuelinjection nozzle;
Figure 9 shows that an angle when institute's burner oil is drawn towards the bottom surface of formed groove on the piston head;
Figure 10 is the planimetric map of piston, and it shows the bottom surface that is formed at the groove on the piston head, and this coated on bottom side is furnished with anti-oil film;
Figure 11 is similar to Fig. 8, but it is depicted as modification of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.
For easy to understand, adopt in the following description such as right, left, upper and lower, various direction terms waiting to the right.Yet these terms must only be understood with respect to the one or more accompanying drawing, and corresponding part or parts have been shown in these accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 5-7, it shows the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel of the present invention sprays.
Fig. 5 and 6 shows a cylinder 2 and a plurality of parts related with this cylinder 2, and Fig. 7 shows the unitary construction of motor of the present invention.As can be seen from Figure 7, motor is the type of in-line four cylinder.
From Fig. 5 and 6 as can be seen, particularly Fig. 5 in the formed cylinder 2, has the piston 3 that is contained in slidably wherein in cylinder block 1, and this piston 3 has top (not marking).Like this, firing chamber 5 is limited in the cylinder 2 between the cylinder head 4 and piston 3 tops.In an illustrated embodiment, firing chamber 5 is the shed roof type.
From Fig. 6 and 7 as can be seen, intake duct 7 is equipped with suction valve 6 separately, and air outlet flue 9 is equipped with outlet valve 8 separately.These four valves 6 and 8 open and close under the serviceability of motor in known manner.
In other words, shown in the embodiment of the invention in, for each cylinder 2 provides two suction valves 6 and two outlet valves 8.
Be understandable that from Fig. 5 the central part place of 5 top board (ceiling) is provided with spark plug 10 in the firing chamber, this spark plug 10 has the electrode 10a that stretches in the firing chamber 5, as shown in the figure.
As shown in the figure, in an illustrated embodiment, dividing plate 11 is arranged in each intake duct 7 and extends intake duct 7 is divided into gas-entered passageway up and down along each intake duct 7, rolls stream so that strengthen air inlet under a certain serviceability of motor. and the upstream extremity of following gas-entered passageway is equipped with can operate with what open and close passage and rolls flow control valve 12.
Picture is known in the field, and when rolling flow control valve 12 and will descend gas-entered passageway to close, air inlet is rolled stream and strengthened, and when opening this passage, air inlet is rolled a little less than the rheology.
If desired, can remove and roll flow control valve 12, or adopt known eddy current control valve to replace and roll flow control valve 12.
Below two intake ducts 7 of cylinder head 4, or rather, the position below the neutral position between two intake ducts 7 is furnished with Fuelinjection nozzle 15, and this Fuelinjection nozzle 15 has the fuel nozzle 15a that is exposed to firing chamber 5.
As shown in Figure 5, Fuelinjection nozzle 15 is arranged near firing chamber 5 one sides the suction valve 6.From this accompanying drawing as can be seen, the position of Fuelinjection nozzle 15 tiltedly sprays in the firing chamber 5 for fuel is dipped down from nozzle 15a.
In addition, as can be seen from Figure 6, Fuelinjection nozzle 15 is arranged to along the vertical direction of the wrist pin (not shown) that is kept with piston 3 from nozzle 15a ejection fuel.
Get back to Fig. 5, the top of piston 3 has towards the outstanding outburst area of the top board of shed roof type firing chamber 5, and can find out also that from Fig. 6 rectangular recess 16 is formed at the top of piston 3.
Be understandable that from Fig. 5 the bottom surface 16a of rectangular recess 16 forms the circular concave surface that has than larger radius of curvature.
Also be, from this accompanying drawing as can be seen, when the top of piston 3 is cut open by imaginary plane, the bottom surface 16a of rectangular recess 16 is shown as gentle curve, described imaginary plane comprises virtual center axle " F " (see figure 8) hereinafter mentioned and extends perpendicular to the wrist pin that piston 3 is kept, and described virtual center axle " F " is limited by the fuel spray that the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15 is sprayed.Simultaneously, when the top of piston 3 was cut open by another imaginary plane, bottom surface 16a was shown as the straight line at place, relative deep side extending, and this another imaginary plane and wrist pin extend abreast.
And as can be seen from Figure 6, rectangular recess 16 has left straight flange and right rectangular portion, and this left side straight flange is with the nozzle 15a of right angle towards Fuelinjection nozzle 15, and this right side rectangular portion is positioned the electrode 10a below of spark plug 10.
As can be seen from Figure 8, in the present invention, when the fuel spray that nozzle 15a sprayed of Fuelinjection nozzle 15 arrives the top dead center (TDC) of compression strokes along with piston 3 and is drawn towards the bottom surface 16a of rectangular recess 16 and by this bottom surface 16a reflex time, by spraying and the virtual center axle " F " that fuel spray limited of reflection is drawn towards the electrode 10a of spark plug 10.
That is to say, in the present invention, the position relation between Fuelinjection nozzle 15 when top dead center (TDC), spark plug 10 and piston 3, also will consider the shape and the position of these elements 15,10 and 3 best.
As can be seen from Figure 7, the motor of practical application of the present invention is the in-line four cylinder type.
Insert in the exhaust passage 21 and be attached thereto from eight air outlet flues 9 of four cylinders.
21 the downstream portion in the exhaust passage, the catalytic converter 22 that is used for purifying exhaust air is installed, and catalytic converter 22 and and these transducer 22 immediate air outlet flues 9 between the part of exhaust passage 21 in, be furnished with air-fuel ratio sensor (lambda sensor also promptly) 23.
Insert in the gas-entered passageway 24 also coupled from eight intake ducts 7 of four cylinders.
At the upstream portion of gas-entered passageway 24, be furnished with automatically controlled throttle valve 25, the opening degree of this throttle valve is by the command signal control of carrying in this.
Exhaust gas recirculation passage (EGR passage) 26 extends between above-mentioned exhaust passage 21 and gas-entered passageway 24, and has the EGR valve 27 near gas-entered passageway 24, as shown in the figure.
Vacuum type actuator (actuator) 29 open or close simultaneously be total up to eight roll flow control valve 12, negative pressure is introduced in these actuators from gas-entered passageway 24 via solenoid valve 28.
Pressure regulation fuel from petrolift 31 is conducted to the Fuelinjection nozzle 15 that is total up to four via pressure regulator 32 and fuel channel 33.Like this, each Fuelinjection nozzle 15 is opened so that from nozzle 15a the fuel of specified rate is sprayed in the firing chamber 5 once receiving command signal (pulse signal).The time that the fuel quantity that is sprayed is being opened corresponding to valve 15 maintenances.
The spark plug 10 that is total up to four links to each other with spark coil 34.
In order to control fuel injection timing, fuel injection amount, ignition timing etc., adopt control unit 35, this control unit 35 is the microcomputers that comprise CPU (central processing unit), RAM (random access memory), ROM (ROM (read-only memory)) and input and output interface.
As shown in Figure 7, information signal is conducted to control unit 35 from quickening degree sensor 30, crank angle sensor 36, above-mentioned air-fuel ratio sensor 23, cooling-water temperature sensor 37 etc.These sensors 30,36,23 and 37 detect the temperature of crankangle, air fuel ratio and engine cooling water of pressurized degree, the motor of accelerator pedal respectively.
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, particularly Fig. 7 and 8 describes power operation of the present invention.
For easy to understand, will begin to describe a kind of like this state, when finishing the warming-up of motor, also promptly for example when the temperature that shows engine cooling water is higher than 80 ℃, described state is determined.
In this case, motor is implemented layer combustion operation and even burn operation.
Also promptly, in the low load operation scope of predetermined low-speed, select normal layer combustion operation.More particularly, in this scope, roll that flow control valve 12 is closed and implement fuel in the suitable moment of compression stroke and spray,, implement the igniting of institute's burner oil in the top dead center that just in time arrives compression stroke (TDC) moment before.In this operator scheme, finish fuel before at the top dead center (TDC) that arrives compression stroke and spray.
As can be seen from Figure 8, in the preset time of compression stroke, the fuel of specified rate sprays to the rectangular recess 16 of piston 3 from the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15.Like this, roll stream to produce the empty burning mixt of stratiform, guide the fuel that is sprayed into spark plug 10 like this, then by spark plug 10 igniting by around groove 16, acting on air inlet.By means of this, implement to have the layer combustion operation of littler air fuel ratio.
Simultaneously, in predetermined high speed high loading operating range, select normal evenly burn operation.Also be, in this scope, roll flow control valve remain opening and implement fuel in suitable moment of aspirating stroke and spray, constantly, carry out the igniting of institute's burner oil in the top dead center that just in time arrives compression stroke (TDC) " MBT " (minimum ignition advance angle during maximum torque) before.In this operator scheme, therefore the fuel that is sprayed is impelled the even empty burning mixt of generation in cylinder 2, so motor is operated with stoichiometrical air fuel ratio usually.
Simultaneously, but the temperature of engine cooling water still is shown as and is lower than 80 ℃, also, and when the warming-up of motor is not also finished, select so-called TDC jet mode, so that promote the temperature rising (or activation) of catalytic converter 22 and the amount of the HC (hydrocarbon) in the minimizing waste gas.
In this TDC jet mode of operation, as shown in Figure 1, fuel sprays to be controlled as the top dead center that just in time arrives compression stroke (TDC) " ITS " (hereinafter referring to " injection beginning regularly ") before and begins constantly and finish constantly the top dead center that just in time arrives compression stroke (TDC) " ITE " (hereinafter referring to " igniting stop timing ") afterwards.Also promptly, fuel sprays top dead center (TDC) continuation of passing compression stroke.
In the TDC jet mode of operation, implement the igniting of institute's burner oil constantly at top dead center (TDC) " ADV " afterwards of compression stroke.More particularly, extremely " ADV " moment of about 20 ° of crankangles implements to light a fire postpone about 15 ° from injection beginning timing " ITS ".
At " D " that postponed in the time; thereby fuel spray is reflected and is brought to the empty combustion mixing of electrode 10a generation around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10 air mass of spark plug 10 by the bottom surface 16a of the groove 16 of piston 3. like this; can guarantee mixed gas blob fire and burning; this just produces the layer combustion of mixture. and in this combustion mode, average air-fuel ratio is controlled as stoichiometric number.
In Fig. 1, what benchmark " BDC " was represented is the lower dead center of piston 3.
According to the present invention, injection beginning timing " ITS " is set in the predetermined crank angle place of motor, and igniting stop timing " ITE " is set according to the amount (or fuel injection time) of injection beginning timing " ITS " and institute's burner oil.Certainly, therefore two timings " ITS " and " ITE " can be confirmed as having apart from the equal time of top dead center (TDC) with respect to the fuel quantity that is sprayed.
Fig. 8 shows a kind of state of motor, and wherein piston 3 arrives the top dead center (TDC) of compression stroke.
Can find out that from this accompanying drawing and Fig. 1 under this state, fuel keeps spraying in the firing chamber 5.Under this state, the extreme higher position that piston 3 arrives in the cylinder 2, therefore this position relation makes the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15 be drawn towards the bottom surface 16a of the groove 16 of piston 3 along the direction that tilts.So the bottom surface 16a that impels fuel spray from nozzle 15a to impinge upon groove 16 obliquely goes up and is reflexed to by this bottom surface 16a the electrode 10a of spark plug 10.
Be noted that shown in Fig. 8 and 9 above-mentioned virtual center line " F " is limited by the fuel spray of the tapered expansion that the nozzle 15a of injection valve 15 is sprayed.As shown in these figures, be drawn towards the electrode 10a of spark plug 10 after the fuel of advancing along virtual center axle " F " is reflected on the 16a of bottom surface.
As shown in Figure 9, in the present invention, virtual center axle " F " limits " θ " inclination angle with respect to bottom surface 16a, and this angle is preferably about 10 ° to about 50 °.
Note, when the fuel spray of tapered expansion shown in the planimetric map of Fig. 6 the time, this spray bundle is with fan-shaped expression, this fan-shaped arc front edge points to electrode 10a.
Picture is as described above, in the present invention, implements fuel constantly continuously to the top dead center (TDC) that just in time passes this top dead center (TDC) " ITE " afterwards constantly at the top dead center that just in time arrives compression stroke (TDC) " ITS " before and sprays.
Therefore, between injection period, piston 3 only moves a bit at fuel.This means that in fuel injection process the position relation between the bottom surface 16a of the nozzle 15a of injection valve 15, the groove 16 of piston 3 and the electrode 10a of spark plug 10 does not become substantially, like this, the reflection mode of fuel spray remains unchanged between injection period substantially at fuel.
Therefore, spray and reflection, can guarantee that desirable empty combustion mixes air mass and produces around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10 by this fuel.
As injection beginning regularly " ITS " and spray stop timing " ITE " to be set at time of the top dead center (TDC) apart from compression stroke equal with having mentioned as mentioned, the change in location of piston 3 is minimum between injection period at fuel, and this has promoted desirable empty combustion to mix the formation of air mass around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10.
If wish, in the TDC jet mode of operation, by pilot pressure regulator 32, the pressure of the fuel that is sprayed from the nozzle 15a of each Fuelinjection nozzle 15 can be set at than in normal stratiform or evenly high the burn operation pattern.When adopting this measure, increase and should more guarantee the reflection of fuel spray on the 16a of the bottom surface of groove 16 from the impact force of the fuel spray of the nozzle 15a of valve 15, like this, effectively reduce the situation that undesirable fuel adheres to bottom surface 16a.Therefore in addition, by this measure, can reduce fuel injection time and can reduce fuel the moving of piston 3 between injection period in a large number.
As mentioned above, in the present invention, when motor does not have abundant warming-up, the so-called TDC jet mode of operation of actual execution.Adopt this pattern of week,, can around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10, produce desirable empty combustion and mix air mass by means of unique shape at piston 3 tops.
According to following description, above-mentioned favorable characteristics of the present invention will be clearer.
Fig. 2 is the plotted curve in an operation cycle of motor, and this plotted curve is according to the variation with respect to crankangle of piston 3 positions and corresponding firing chamber 5 volumes.
From this plotted curve as can be seen, piston position and combustion chamber volume show near the maximum value on the angular coordinates of the one-half stroke of piston 3 with respect to the variation of per unit crankangle, and show minimum value near the lower dead center (BDC) the angular coordinates and the minimum value near the angular coordinates the top dead center (TDC).
Be noted that little variation only takes place for piston position and combustion chamber volume near the top dead center (TDC) of the TDC spraying of being implemented according to the present invention.In other words, near top dead center (TDC), the region of stability that can produce the moving influence that is subjected to piston 3 hardly.
In the aspirating stroke of piston 3, produce some such as eddy current, roll stream etc. than air flow, also remaining starting stage of this air-flow up to compression stroke.Picture is known in the field, when piston 3 near and arrive when making the top dead center (TDC) of firing chamber 5 volume minimums, this destroyed rapidly or disappear than air flow.
Fig. 3 shows the plotted curve than the variation of the flow velocity of air flow under various engine speeds in the firing chamber.Be understandable that from this plotted curve, in aspirating stroke, produce various roll stream and/eddy current.But this air-flow arrives the destroyed rapidly before or disappearance of top dead center (TDC is also promptly with 360 ° of crankangles) of compression stroke at piston 3.This means,, be not subjected to this influence substantially from the fuel spray of the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15, and therefore, the fuel spray of being sprayed can produce desirable empty combustion and mix air mass around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10 than air flow according to the present invention.
Simultaneously, when piston 3 during near the top dead center (TDC) of compression stroke, to the destruction than air flow cause form occur rapidly than little airflow.
Fig. 4 shows the plotted curve than the variation of the flow velocity of little airflow under various engine speeds in the firing chamber.Be understandable that from this plotted curve, just in time arrive top dead center (TDC) before, increase sharply than the flow velocity of little airflow.As known in the art, help to encourage 5 zones, firing chamber of the electrode 10a below of spark plug 10 than increasing sharply of the flow velocity of little airflow.
Above mention, in fuel injection process, the position relation between the electrode 10a of the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15, the bottom surface 16a of pistion recess 16 and spark plug 10 does not become substantially.Like this, fuel spray reflection mode remains unchanged between injection period substantially at fuel, and this helps forming desirable empty combustion and mixes air mass around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10.
Hereinafter, modification of the present invention will be described.
If wish, the bottom surface 16a of the rectangular recess 16 of piston 3 can have oval-shaped concave surface, when piston 3 arrived top dead center (TDC), one of them focus of this concave surface was on the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15, and another focus is positioned on the electrode 10a of spark plug 10.In this modification, any fuel spray bundle that departs from virtual center axle " F " that is sprayed can reflect to electrode 10a by this oval-shaped concave bottom surface 16a.
If wish, as can be seen from Figure 10, the bottom surface 16a of groove 16 can use anti-the oil film 41 local or coatings integrally such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc.Adopt this measure, can make bottom surface 16a go up undesirable fuel and adhere to minimum.
If wish that the bottom surface 16a of groove 16 can have shape shown in Figure 11.
Also be, in this modification, bottom surface 16a can also be shaped as, when piston 3 arrive top dead centers (TDC) thus the time fuel that the nozzle 15a of Fuelinjection nozzle 15 sprayed is smoothly advanced along bottom surface 16a this of electrode 10a. burner oil in order to realize that arrives spark plug 10 that slide smoothly, bottom surface 16a comprises front end (or left part) 16b, rearward end (or right part) 16c and the dome principal part 16d. that extends between front end 16b and rearward end 16c are more particularly, bottom surface 16a is configured and is configured as, make front end 16b be parallel to above-mentioned virtual center axle when piston 3 arrives top dead center (TDC) extends " F ", and make rearward end 16c be close to the location, electrode 10a ground of spark plug 10 simultaneously. and in this modification, because the unique shape of the bottom surface 16a of the groove 16 of piston 3 can produce desirable empty combustion and mix air mass around the electrode 10a of spark plug 10.
The Japanese patent application 2004-226236 that the Japanese patent application 2004-216747 that on July 26th, 2004 submitted to and on August 3rd, 2004 submit to is hereby incorporated by.
Though above described the present invention, the invention is not restricted to this above-mentioned embodiment according to embodiments of the invention.Those skilled in the art can carry out various variants and modifications to this embodiment according to description above.
Claims (13)
1. spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel sprays comprises:
Cylinder;
At least one intake duct that leads to cylinder;
At least one air outlet flue from the cylinder extension;
Piston, thus it is contained in movably in the axial direction and limits the firing chamber in the cylinder in this cylinder, and this firing chamber can be connected with air outlet flue with intake duct respectively with outlet valve via suction valve;
Fuelinjection nozzle has the fuel nozzle that is exposed to the firing chamber;
Spark plug has the electrode that is exposed to the firing chamber;
A kind of structure wherein during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, arrives the fuel guiding that nozzle sprayed via the top of piston the electrode of spark plug along with the top dead center of piston arrives compression stroke when fuel; With
Be used to control the control unit of Fuelinjection nozzle and spark plug, it is formed under the specified criteria and implements:
The control Fuelinjection nozzle begins the fuel injection with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke and finishes fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray, that is, spray to carry out fuel through the mode of top dead center (TDC);
The control spark plug to be implementing igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards,
Wherein, described specified criteria is the condition that needs to increase exhaust gas temperature.
2. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 1 sprays, wherein, Fuelinjection nozzle is arranged in a sidepiece place of firing chamber, with in the firing chamber along downward-sloping direction from nozzle ejection fuel, spark plug is arranged in the approximate centre position of the top board of firing chamber, wherein when fuel along with the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke when fuel nozzle sprays, the fuel that is sprayed is drawn towards the top of piston and by this top reflection, is drawn towards the electrode of spark plug then.
3. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 2 sprays, wherein, the top of piston is formed with groove, and this groove has concave bottom surface, is reflected to the electrode of spark plug thereby clash into this concave bottom surface from the fuel that Fuelinjection nozzle sprayed.
4. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 2 sprays, wherein, the top of piston is formed with groove, this groove has oval-shaped concave bottom surface, when the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke, one of them focus of this concave bottom surface is positioned on the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, and another focus is positioned on the electrode of spark plug.
5. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 1 sprays, wherein, Fuelinjection nozzle is arranged in a sidepiece place of firing chamber, with in the firing chamber along the interior direction that has a down dip from nozzle ejection fuel, spark plug is arranged in the approximate centre position of the top board of firing chamber, wherein the top of piston is formed with the convexity surface, and this convexity surface is shaped as the fuel that allows from Fuelinjection nozzle sprayed and flowed on the convexity surface before the electrode that arrives spark plug when the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke.
6. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 1 sprays, wherein, Fuelinjection nozzle is arranged in a sidepiece place of firing chamber, with in the firing chamber along downward-sloping direction from nozzle ejection fuel, spark plug is arranged in the approximate centre position of the top board of firing chamber, wherein the top of piston is formed with the convexity surface, and this convexity surface is shaped as and allows to clash into this convexity surface so that this fuel reflects to the electrode of spark plug from the fuel that Fuelinjection nozzle sprayed when the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke.
7. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 6 sprays, wherein, the convexity surface is formed in the bottom surface of the groove that forms in the piston head.
8. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 7 sprays, wherein, control unit is formed at fuel increases fuel to be sprayed between injection period pressure.
9. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 6 sprays wherein, is coated with anti-oil film on the convexity surface.
10. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 6 sprays, wherein, center line " F " is defined as about 10 ° of angles " θ " to about 50 ° of scopes to the inclination with respect to the convexity surface, this center line is the virtual center line that fuel spray limited by tapered expansion, and this fuel spray keeps nozzle ejection from Fuelinjection nozzle at fuel between injection period.
11. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel according to claim 1 sprays, wherein, the time from the injection beginning timing to the top dead center (TDC) of compression stroke and equal to the time of fuel injection stop timing from the top dead center (TDC) of compression stroke.
12. the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel sprays comprises:
A kind of structure, wherein when fuel along with the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, by the fuel guiding that nozzle sprayed being arrived the electrode of spark plug by the concave surface that piston head limited; With
Be used to control the control unit of Fuelinjection nozzle and spark plug, it is formed under the specified criteria and implements:
The control Fuelinjection nozzle begins the fuel injection with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke and finishes fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray;
The control spark plug to be implementing igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards,
Wherein, described specified criteria is the condition that needs to increase exhaust gas temperature.
13. a method of operating that is used to control the spark-ignited internal combustion engine that direct fuel sprays, this internal-combustion engine comprises: cylinder; At least one intake duct that leads to cylinder; At least one air outlet flue from the cylinder extension; Piston, thus it is contained in movably in the axial direction and limits the firing chamber in the cylinder in this cylinder, and this firing chamber can be connected with air outlet flue with intake duct respectively with outlet valve via suction valve; Fuelinjection nozzle has the fuel nozzle that is exposed to the firing chamber; Spark plug has the electrode that is exposed to the firing chamber; A kind of structure, wherein when fuel along with the top dead center (TDC) of piston arrives compression stroke during from the ejection of the nozzle of Fuelinjection nozzle, via the top of piston the fuel guiding that nozzle sprayed is arrived the electrode of spark plug,
Described method is included in the following steps of implementing under the specified criteria:
The control Fuelinjection nozzle begins the fuel injection with top dead center (TDC) moment before in compression stroke and finishes fuel in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards of compression stroke and spray; With
The control spark plug to be implementing igniting in top dead center (TDC) moment afterwards,
Wherein, described specified criteria is the condition that needs to increase exhaust gas temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004-216747 | 2004-07-26 | ||
| JP2004216747A JP2006037794A (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2004-07-26 | Cylinder direct injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| JP2004216747 | 2004-07-26 | ||
| JP2004-226236 | 2004-08-03 | ||
| JP2004226236A JP2006046124A (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2004-08-03 | Cylinder direct injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| JP2004226236 | 2004-08-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1727651A CN1727651A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN1727651B true CN1727651B (en) | 2010-05-05 |
Family
ID=35903046
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100849620A Expired - Fee Related CN1727651B (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2005-07-25 | Direct fuel injection spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| CNB2005100849616A Expired - Fee Related CN100422532C (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2005-07-25 | Combustion control apparatus for direct-injection spark-ignition internal combustion engine |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100849616A Expired - Fee Related CN100422532C (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2005-07-25 | Combustion control apparatus for direct-injection spark-ignition internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2006037794A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1727651B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5093151B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2012-12-05 | 株式会社デンソー | In-cylinder direct injection internal combustion engine and fuel injection valve used therefor |
| KR101189493B1 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-10-11 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Combustion detecting method of engine |
| JP5652197B2 (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2015-01-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
| KR102267574B1 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2021-06-21 | 노스트럼 에너지 피티이. 리미티드 | Gas-assisted fluid atomizing injector |
| FR3059723B1 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-12-25 | Continental Automotive France | PROCESS FOR MANAGING THE INJECTION IN A DIESEL TYPE ENGINE |
| CN111819356B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2022-02-25 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | Fuel injection device and method for operating a piston engine |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1201932A (en) * | 1966-09-15 | 1970-08-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Improvements relating to methods of operating spark ignited internal combustion engines and to internal combustion engines so operated |
| US6112716A (en) * | 1998-04-13 | 2000-09-05 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel injection control system for internal combustion engine of cylinder injection type |
| US6684630B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2004-02-03 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Direct-injection spark-ignition engine with a turbo charging device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4250856B2 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2009-04-08 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | In-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| JP2002276421A (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-25 | Mazda Motor Corp | Control device for cylinder injection engine |
| JP2002339789A (en) * | 2001-05-16 | 2002-11-27 | Mazda Motor Corp | Control device for spark ignition type direct-injection engine and fuel injection time setting method |
-
2004
- 2004-07-26 JP JP2004216747A patent/JP2006037794A/en active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-07-25 CN CN2005100849620A patent/CN1727651B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-25 CN CNB2005100849616A patent/CN100422532C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1201932A (en) * | 1966-09-15 | 1970-08-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Improvements relating to methods of operating spark ignited internal combustion engines and to internal combustion engines so operated |
| US6112716A (en) * | 1998-04-13 | 2000-09-05 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel injection control system for internal combustion engine of cylinder injection type |
| US6684630B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2004-02-03 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Direct-injection spark-ignition engine with a turbo charging device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2006037794A (en) | 2006-02-09 |
| CN100422532C (en) | 2008-10-01 |
| CN1727657A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN1727651A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
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