CN1722720A - Detect the equipment and the method for the time synchronized of frame and code element - Google Patents

Detect the equipment and the method for the time synchronized of frame and code element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1722720A
CN1722720A CNA2005100807717A CN200510080771A CN1722720A CN 1722720 A CN1722720 A CN 1722720A CN A2005100807717 A CNA2005100807717 A CN A2005100807717A CN 200510080771 A CN200510080771 A CN 200510080771A CN 1722720 A CN1722720 A CN 1722720A
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China
Prior art keywords
digital signal
phase reference
frame
complex number
local phase
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CNA2005100807717A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李冕熙
朴赞燮
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2689—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
    • H04L27/2695—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with channel estimation, e.g. determination of delay spread, derivative or peak tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2656—Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2657—Carrier synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2673—Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
    • H04L27/2675—Pilot or known symbols

Abstract

A kind of equipment and method that detects the time synchronized of frame and code element is provided.This equipment comprises: obtain the local phase reference symbols sn in the pre-domain and the correlation filter of the correlation between the digital signal; The maximum value detector of the peaked position of the output of detection correlation filter; Frame synchronizer from the starting point of peaked location finding frame; With symbol timing synchronizer from the symbol timing of peaked position synchronous frame.

Description

Detect the equipment and the method for the time synchronized of frame and code element
The application requires the interests at the 2004-52650 korean patent application of Korea S Department of Intellectual Property submission on July 7th, 2004, and this application is disclosed in this for reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital received system, more particularly, the present invention relates to digital broadcast data frame that a kind of detection receives according to OFDM (OFDM) method synchronously and the synchronous equipment and the method for OFDM code element.
Background technology
The terrestrial digital radio broadcast system that uses is Europe, the U.S. and Japanese type at present, and they all adopt orthogonal frequency division multiplexing method.The digital audio broadcasting (DAB) in Europe, promptly EUREKA-147 is the Ditital modulation method that a kind of employing has the coding OFDM (COFDM) of strong anti-ground multipath fading.The DMB of Korea S (DMB) provides sound quality, various types of data, services and the high-quality mobile reception of CD (CD) level based on European DAB.
Fig. 1 is the figure of the structure of the expression digital data frames of using the COFDM method.After being located at null symbol a with reference to 1,76 OFDM code element of figure, first OFDM code element of these 76 OFDM code elements is phase reference code (PRS) b, and valid data code element c is positioned at after this PRS b.Null symbol a and PRS b have formed the synchronizing channel of digital data frames.Each above-mentioned code element comprises time domain OFDM subcarrier signal e and guide interval (GI) d.Part time domain OFDM subcarrier signal e is inserted into the interruption that occurs in the afterimage in the synchronizing channel among the GI d with processing.
PRS b is the known data of transmitter and receiver, and provides phase reference for the differential modulation of next OFDM code element.PRS b also is used to detect the time synchronized of frame and code element.
The structure that is used to detect the synchronous traditional algorithm of OFDM is classified as the structure of the correlation of using GI d and uses the structure of the unit response of channel.
Use the code element Domain Synchronous algorithm of GI d to have simple structure, but its stability depend on the characteristic of channel and change.Code element Domain Synchronous algorithm quite stable on the Gaussian channel, but because synchronous error betides in one or more code element, have in the channel of multichannel characteristic as Reilay channel and Riacian channel etc., this code element Domain Synchronous algorithm is unsettled.
Use the structure ratio of the unit response of channel to use the Stability Analysis of Structures of GI d, but will consume a large amount of power.Therefore, use the structure of the unit response of channel to be not suitable for developing and need the synchronous detecting of low power consumption algorithm.This is because mobile DBA or DMB need low power consumption.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, make general plotting of the present invention solving above-mentioned and/or problem, the one side of general plotting of the present invention provides equipment and the method that PRS that a kind of use depends on the characteristic of low-power and channel stably detects the time synchronized of frame and code element.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of equipment is provided, this equipment is used to detect the frame of the digital signal with the frame structure that comprises phase reference code and use the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing method modulation and the time synchronized of code element, it comprises: correlation filter is used for obtaining the local phase reference symbols sn of pre-domain and the correlation between the digital signal; Maximum value detector is used to detect the peaked position of the output of correlation filter; Frame synchronizer is used for from the starting point of peaked location finding frame; With the symbol timing synchronizer, be used for from the symbol timing of peaked position synchronous frame.
This equipment also comprises the frequency error compensator, and this frequency error compensator is used for removing time dependent frequency component from digital signal and also this digital signal is outputed to correlation filter with the compensating frequency error.
The frequency error compensator can comprise: delayer was used for sampling time of delayed digital signal; The conjugate complex number unit is used to the conjugate complex number of the digital signal that obtains to postpone; First multiplier is used for digital signal and conjugation complex multiplication and output multiplication result.
Correlation filter can comprise: local phase reference symbols sn unit is used to obtain the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn; Second multiplier is used for the digital signal from the output of frequency error compensator is multiplied each other with the conjugate complex number that is obtained by local phase code element reference unit; And integrator, be used in predetermined a period of time, accumulating the also multiplied result of addition second multiplier.
Local phase reference symbols sn unit is to half obtained conjugate complex number of the valid data of local phase reference code, and integrator can be to half accumulation of the valid data of local phase reference code and the multiplied result of addition second multiplier.
Correlation filter also can comprise: first symbolic unit, be used to obtain from the positive sign and the negative sign of the digital signal of frequency error compensator output and this positive sign and negative sign are outputed to second multiplier and second symbolic unit, be used to obtain from the positive sign and the negative sign of the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn unit output and this positive sign and negative sign are outputed to second multiplier.
First and second symbolic units can be output as positive sign " 1 " and negative sign are output as " 0 ".
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of detection to have to comprise phase reference code and used the method for the time synchronized of the digital signal frame of frame structure of Orthodoxy Frequency Division Multiplex method modulation and code element, it comprises: obtain the correlation between the local phase reference symbols sn and digital signal in the pre-domain, from the starting point of peaked location finding frame with from the symbol timing of peaked position synchronous frame.
This method also can comprise: remove time dependent frequency component from digital signal, with the compensating frequency error.
Compensation to frequency error comprises: with sampling time of delayed digital signal; Obtain the conjugate complex number of the digital signal of delay; With result with digital signal and conjugation complex multiplication and output multiplication.
The acquisition of correlation comprises: the conjugate complex number that obtains the local phase reference symbols sn; The multiplied result of output and the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn are multiplied each other; With accumulation and this multiplied result of addition in predetermined a period of time.
For the valid data of local phase reference symbols sn half, conjugate complex number is obtained.
For the valid data of local phase reference symbols sn half, multiplied result can be by accumulation and addition.
Digital signal can multiply each other with the symbol of the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn.
Description of drawings
By the description of embodiment being carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above-mentioned aspect of the present invention and characteristics will become clearer, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the figure of the structure of the expression digital data frames of using the COFDM method;
Fig. 2 is expression according to the block diagram of equipment of time synchronized that is used to detect frame and code element of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the figure of expression according to the output of the correlation filter of the embodiment of the invention; With
Fig. 4 is the flow chart according to the method for the time synchronized of the detection frame of the embodiment of the invention and code element.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, even in different figure, identical symbol is also represented identical parts all the time.Structure that the things that defines in the description is for example detailed and parts only are provided to help to comprehensive understanding of the present invention.Therefore, clearly, the things that the present invention does not define so also can be implemented.Simultaneously, because function that is well known or structure can make the present invention thicken on unnecessary details, these functions or structure are not described in detail.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the equipment of the time synchronized of the detection frame of the embodiment of the invention and code element.
Time synchronized checkout equipment 200 is installed in the inside of DAB/DMB (digital audio broadcasting/DMB) receiver, and receives according to the modulated digital broadcast data of OFDM method with the error of compensation in frame synchronization and symbol timing recovery (STR).
Before fast Fourier transform (FFT), time synchronized checkout equipment 200 is operated in time domain, so that can be performed based on accurate frame synchronization and accurate starting point at the FFT of the aft section of checkout equipment 200.
The signal that is input to time synchronized checkout equipment 200 has the frame structure that has PRS b as shown in Figure 1, this frame structure is modulated according to the OFDM method, with the preset time is that unit is sampled, and is converted into numerical data through analogue-to-digital converters (ADC) (not shown).Its numerical data for plural number is broken down into real number and imaginary number through inphase/orthogonal displacement (I/Q) unit (not shown), is imported into then in the time synchronized checkout equipment 200.
The digital data frames that receives can be frame structure as shown in Figure 1, if in the transmission mode 1 (Tx1) described in the numerical data that the receives exemplary embodiment below, GI d comprises 504 samplings so, valid data e comprises 2048 samplings.
With reference to Fig. 2, time synchronized checkout equipment 200 comprises: frequency error compensator 210, correlation filter 230, maximum value detector 250, frame synchronizer 270 and symbol timing synchronizer 290.
210 compensation of frequency error compensator are input to the carrier for digital signal frequency error of correlation filter 230.The carrier for digital signal frequency error hinders correlation filter 230 and calculates correlation.
Frequency error compensator 210 comprises delayer 211, the conjugate complex number unit 213 and first multiplier 215.
Delayer 211 postpones the OFDM modulated digital signal to be sampled as unit sequence ground.The digital signal that postpones is sent in the conjugate complex number unit 213.
Conjugate complex number unit 213 calculates the conjugate complex number of the digital signal that is broken down into real number and imaginary number.
First multiplier 215 will be from the conjugate complex number unit digital signal that does not have delay of digital signal and reception of delays of 213 outputs multiply each other.Signal after multiplying each other is input to correlation filter 230.First multiplier, 215 multiplied result help to remove the frequency component that changes along with the time.
Correlation filter 230 comprises local PRS unit 233, second multiplier 237, integrator 239, first symbolic unit 231 and second symbolic unit 235, and calculate the PRS of the digital signal frame receive and correlation filter 230 known and be stored in correlation between the local PRS in this correlation filter.
Correlation filter 230 multiplies each other the PRS of the digital signal frame that receives and the conjugate complex number of the local PRS in the time domain, and in predetermined a period of time accumulation multiplied result to obtain correlation.
First symbolic unit 231 obtains to be input to (plus or minus) symbol of sampled value of the frame data of correlation filter 230, and this symbol is outputed to second multiplier 237.As a result, have only one rather than multidigit can be used to use the value of real data to obtain correlation.
Local PRS unit 233 obtains to comprise the conjugate complex number of the local PRS of real number in the time domain and imaginary number.Like this, the local PRS in the 233 pairs of frequency domains in local PRS unit carries out contrary FFT (IFFT), the PRS in the frequency domain is converted to the PRS in the time domain, obtains the conjugate complex number of the local PRS in the time domain then.The conjugate complex number of the sampled value of half (n=1024) of local PRS unit 233 acquisition valid data (n=2048) or these valid data.
Second symbolic unit 235 obtains (plus or minus) symbol of the conjugate complex number of 233 outputs from local PRS unit, and this symbol is outputed to second multiplier 237.
First symbolic unit 231 and second symbolic unit 235 can be output as the positive sign and the negative sign of each sampling respectively " 1 " and " 0 ".
Second multiplier 237 will multiply each other with the value of exporting from second symbolic unit 235 from the value of first symbolic unit, 231 outputs, and multiplied result is outputed to integrator 239.Second multiplier 237 sequentially multiplies each other the valid data of PRS or half of valid data.
If first and second symbolic units 231 and 235 are output as " 1 " and " 0 " respectively with positive sign and negative sign, second multiplier 237 can multiply by output valve " 1 " with positive sign " 1 " mutually with positive sign " 1 " so, positive sign " 1 " be multiply by output valve " 0 " mutually with negative sign " 0 ", negative sign " 0 " be multiply by output valve " 1 " mutually with negative sign " 0 ".
Integrator 239 will sequentially be obtained correlation from the value of second multiplier, 237 outputs mutually in predetermined a period of time.In other words, integrator 239 can be accumulated the value of also addition from 237 outputs of second multiplier for an active data interval (n=2048) or this valid data half (n=1024) at interval.
Correlation filter 230 can obtain the correlation at the valid data intervals (2048 samplings) of each PRS.Perhaps, correlation filter 230 also can obtain the correlation of valid data half (1024 samplings) at interval.Which kind of situation no matter, frame synchronization and symbol timing all can accurately be obtained synchronously.
Correlation filter 230 can be under the situation that does not have first symbolic unit 231 and second symbolic unit 235 multiplies each other the sampled value of reality and obtains correlation.But in this case, the size of second multiplier 237 and integrator 239 can be increased.
Correlation filter 230 can only multiply each other the symbol of the symbol of PRS and local PRS by first symbolic unit 231 and second symbolic unit 235, accumulation and addition, obtains correlation.Like this, the correlation filter 230 of 1024 or 2048 sampled values of indication PRS can be reduced to the size that is enough to indicate a symbol.As a result, the size of second multiplier 237 can be reduced.
Maximum value detector 250 obtains from the peaked position of the correlation of correlation filter 230 outputs.
Fig. 3 is the figure of output that shows the correlation filter 230 of the embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 3, the maximum f of correlation is displayed on half the position of valid data.Maximum value detector 250 outputs to the position of maximum f in frame synchronizer 270 and the symbol timing synchronizer 290.
Based on by the position of the maximum f of maximum value detector 250 detected correlations, the starting point of frame synchronizer 270 search frame.Frame synchronizer 270 will send to the FFT unit (not shown) of the afterbody that is positioned at time synchronized checkout equipment 200 about the information of the starting point of frame.
Symbol timing synchronizer 290 is based on carrying out STR to obtain the accurate starting point of FFT by the position of the maximum f of maximum value detector 250 detected correlations.The output of symbol timing synchronizer 290 is sent to FFT unit (not shown).
Fig. 4 is the flow chart according to the synchronous method of the detection frame of the embodiment of the invention and symbol time.
In operation S401, time synchronized checkout equipment 200 receives the OFDM modulated digital signal.In operation S403,200 compensation of time synchronized checkout equipment may occur in the carrier frequency error in the OFDM modulated digital signal.For this purpose, the delayer 211 of frequency error compensator 200 is to be sampled as unit delay OFDM modulated digital signal, and conjugate complex number unit 213 obtains the conjugate complex number of the digital signal of delay.In addition, first multiplier 215 multiplies each other the digital signal of the delay of conjugate complex number unit 213 outputs with the OFDM modulated digital signal that receives, and multiplied result is outputed in the correlation filter 230.
The correlation that correlation filter 230 obtains between input signal and the local PRS.First symbolic unit 231 detects the symbol of each sampled value of the input signal that is input to correlation filter 230.The conjugate complex number of half (n=1024) of the valid data of the local PRS of local PRS unit 233 acquisitions, second symbolic unit 235 obtains also to export the only symbol of 1024 samplings of conjugate complex number.In operation S405, second multiplier 237 will be from the signal multiplication of first symbolic unit 231 and 235 outputs of second symbolic unit, and half (n=1024) accumulation of 239 pairs of valid data of integrator and addition multiplied result are to obtain correlation.
In operation S407, maximum value detector 250 obtains the peaked position of the correlation that obtained by correlation filter 230.In operation S409, frame synchronizer 270 is based on the starting point of peaked location finding frame, and symbol timing synchronizer 290 is based on the accurate starting point of peaked location finding FFT.
Operation according to the equipment of the time synchronized of detection frame of the present invention and code element is performed according to above-mentioned process.
As mentioned above, in the equipment and method of the time synchronized of detection frame according to the present invention and code element, based on the starting point of accurate frame synchronization and FFT, FFT can carry out with being stabilized.For half of valid data or only use half symbol of valid data, the correlation between digital signal and the local PRS can be obtained.Like this, the size of equipment can considerably be reduced.As a result, this equipment can be realized under low-power.
Foregoing embodiment and advantage are exemplary, are not interpreted as limiting the present invention.The equipment that can easily be applied to other types is stated in this religion.In addition, it is illustrative that the description of the embodiment of the invention is intended that, and does not limit the scope of the claims, and a lot of replacements, modification and change are obvious for those skilled in the art.

Claims (14)

1, a kind of equipment is used to detect the frame of the digital signal with the frame structure that comprises phase reference code and use the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing method modulation and the time synchronized of code element, comprising:
Correlation filter is used for obtaining the local phase reference symbols sn of pre-domain and the correlation between the digital signal;
Maximum value detector is used to detect the peaked position of the output of correlation filter;
Frame synchronizer is used for from the starting point of peaked location finding frame; With
The symbol timing synchronizer is used for from the symbol timing of peaked position synchronous frame.
2, equipment as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
The frequency error compensator is used for removing time dependent frequency component from digital signal and also this digital signal is outputed to correlation filter with the compensating frequency error.
3, equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the frequency error compensator comprises:
Delayer was used for sampling time of delayed digital signal;
The conjugate complex number unit is used to the conjugate complex number of the digital signal that obtains to postpone; With
First multiplier is used for digital signal and conjugation complex multiplication and output multiplication result.
4, equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, correlation filter comprises:
Local phase reference symbols sn unit is used to obtain the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn;
Second multiplier is used for the digital signal from the output of frequency error compensator is multiplied each other with the conjugate complex number that is obtained by local phase code element reference unit; With
Integrator, the multiplied result of accumulation and addition second multiplier in predetermined a period of time.
5, equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
Local phase reference symbols sn unit is for half acquisition conjugate complex number of the valid data of local phase reference symbols sn; And
Integrator is to half accumulation of the valid data of local phase reference code and the multiplied result of addition second multiplier.
6, equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein, correlation filter also comprises:
First symbolic unit is used to obtain from the positive sign and the negative sign of the digital signal of frequency error compensator output, and this positive sign and negative sign are outputed to second multiplier; With
Second symbolic unit is used to obtain from the positive sign and the negative sign of the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn unit output and this positive sign and negative sign is outputed to second multiplier.
7, equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein, first and second symbolic units are output as positive sign " 1 ", negative sign are output as " 0 ".
8, a kind of detection has the method for the time synchronized of the frame of digital signal of the frame structure that comprises phase reference code and use Orthodoxy Frequency Division Multiplex method modulation and code element, comprising:
Obtain local phase reference symbols sn in the pre-domain and the correlation between the digital signal;
Starting point from peaked location finding frame; With
Symbol timing from peaked position synchronous frame.
9, method as claimed in claim 8 also comprises:
From digital signal, remove time dependent frequency component, with the compensating frequency error.
10, method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the step of compensating frequency error comprises:
With sampling time of delayed digital signal;
Obtain the conjugate complex number of the digital signal of delay; With
With digital signal and conjugation complex multiplication and output multiplication result.
11, method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the step that obtains correlation comprises:
Obtain the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn;
The multiplied result of output and the conjugate complex number of local phase reference symbols sn are multiplied each other; With
Accumulation and addition multiplied result in predetermined a period of time.
12, method as claimed in claim 11 wherein, obtains conjugate complex number to half of the valid data of local phase reference code.
13, method as claimed in claim 12, wherein, to half accumulation and this multiplied result of addition of the valid data of local phase reference code.
14, method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the symbol of the conjugate complex number of digital signal and local phase reference symbols sn multiplies each other.
CNA2005100807717A 2004-07-07 2005-07-05 Detect the equipment and the method for the time synchronized of frame and code element Pending CN1722720A (en)

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