CN1721108B - 用于车削钢的切削刀具刀片及其制造方法 - Google Patents
用于车削钢的切削刀具刀片及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1721108B CN1721108B CN2005100836245A CN200510083624A CN1721108B CN 1721108 B CN1721108 B CN 1721108B CN 2005100836245 A CN2005100836245 A CN 2005100836245A CN 200510083624 A CN200510083624 A CN 200510083624A CN 1721108 B CN1721108 B CN 1721108B
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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Abstract
一种尤其用于车削钢的切削刀片，包括主体和涂层，上述涂层包括：具有至少两TiCxNyOz层的第一(最内侧的)层结构，x+y+z≤1，总厚度为0.7-4.5μm；主要由Al2O3层构成的第二层结构；以及最外层结构，包括一层或多层TiCxNy层序列(x+y≤1)、其单个层厚度为＞0.15-0.8μm，以及Al2O3层、其厚度为0.1-0.4μm，该最外层结构的总厚度要小于2.5μm，而上述涂层的总厚度为2.0-12.0μm。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于钢铁加工的涂层切削刀片，其中切削刃需要具有较高的耐磨和韧性性能。该涂覆切削刀具尤其适合车削不锈钢。
背景技术
硬质合金切削刀具用于加工钢已经有很多年了。刀具由于多种原因而磨损，例如切削刃的磨蚀、化学腐蚀、开裂、破损等，从而限制了刀具寿命。除了选定的切削数据，切削速度、进给速度和切削深度以外，偏心工件位置和工件材料上的铸皮等外部切削条件都会影响到刀具的磨损情况。此外，因为除了上述磨损原因，粘着磨损(adhesivewear)还可以是磨损原因，所以不锈钢切削被认为是很困难的加工。在切削操作中涂抹材料连续地将材料从切削刃上附着并且去除的过程中导致粘着磨损。因而在加工不锈钢时刀具寿命大都较短。而且在高切削速度下切削不锈钢时，传递到切削刃上的热量是相当大的，切削刃会部分地或全部地塑性变形。这种切削刃的恶化模式称为塑性变形磨损。抗塑性变形的需求相比切削刃韧性的需求更加重要。
已经熟知的是，多涂层由多个层叠在基底上的不同材料涂层构成，每个第一涂层均具有第一厚度，每个第二涂层均具有第二厚度。这些层优选为具有不同的晶体结构和/或至少不同的点阵距离。该技术的一个例子就是Al2O3生长周期性的被短TiN沉积过程所中断，产生一种(Al2O3+TiN)x多层结构，参看第十二届欧洲CVD会议报告8-349页。英国专利GB2,048,960A公开了一种多涂层，交替重复着由不同成分的硬质材料构成的0.02-0.1μm的多个涂层。美国专利US4,599,281公开了一种多涂层，交替设置着铝硼氧化物和其他例如Ti(C，N，O)等氧化层。金属结构(Metals Society，Book 278，112-117页，Dreyer和Kolaska，英国伦敦，1982)一书中记载有一种Al-O-N多涂层。在美国专利US4,984,940(Bryant等)公开有一种由具有6.1-6.5wt％Co的硬质合金基底构成的切削刀片，涂层包括碳氮化钛构成的基层，随之是由多个氧化铝层构成的多涂层。在美国专利US5,700,569中还记载着具有由6-8层氧化铝层构成的涂层的硬质合金基底。WO99/58738记载有一种由耐磨硬质基底和大致50层的CVD多涂层构成的刀具。EP-A-1103635公开了一种切削刀具包括：具有9.0-10.9wt％Co的硬质合金基底、由中温CVD(MTCVD)沉积TiCN层构成的涂层和由总共7-41层的κ-氧化铝和TiN或Ti(C，N)的多个涂层。另外，EP-A-1245698，EP-A-1245700，EP1209255，SE0300175-7，SE0401636-6和SE0401637-4中也分别涉及多涂层。
在EP-A-127416，EP-A-298729，EP-A-693574和EP-A-683244中公开了可通过机械后处理来平滑这些涂层，以便例如将刀具和工件之间的摩擦降为最低。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种切削刀片，能够同时克服上述磨损模式。
本发明的另一个目的就是消除现有刀具中的缺陷，提供一种高性能的切削刀具。
本发明的另一个目的就是提供一种刀具，在高要求的钢加工中具有所需的优良切削性能。
意外发现，包括具有多个TiCxNyOz和Al2O3层的涂层和单个TiCxNyOz和Al2O3层相结合的硬质合金刀片经过机械后处理就可以满足这些条件。该刀片具有优良的韧性尤其是切削刃韧性，以及良好的抗粘着磨损和抗塑性变形性能。
附图简述
图1是本发明中涂层截面的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)视图，其中：
A、TiN，B、柱状Ti(C，N)，C、TiN，D1、多层(Al2O3+TiN)6Al2O3，E、TiN+TiC+TiN，F、Al2O3
图2是本发明第二实施例中涂层截面的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)视图，其中：
A、TiN，B、柱状Ti(C，N)，C、TiN，D2、单层Al2O3，E、TiN+TiC+TiN，F、Al2O3
图3.1是切削刃的截面简图，没有经过后处理。
图3.2是经过后处理的本发明切削刃的截面简图，其中去掉了最外层的E+F涂层。
图3.3是经过后处理的本发明切削刃的截面简图，其中去掉了最外层的E+F涂层和多层(Al2O3+TiN)xAl2O3层。
图4是现有技术中经过后处理的切削刃的截面简图。
具体实施例
尤其是，本发明涉及一种基底，最好是具有立方碳化物的WC+Co基硬质合金基底，WC+Co和基底上涂层的特定成分范围包括：最内层的等轴TiCxNyOz薄层，随后是柱状TiCxNyOz层和薄的等轴TiCxNyOz层，这两层也可以由多层呈交替变化的TiCxNyOz和Al2O3层(x+y+z≤1)或单Al2O3层替换，再随后是TiCxNy层(x+y≤1)，最外面的是Al2O3层。在涂层中最外面的两层和前面的第一、第二层系统之间均具有特定的厚度关系。
此外，上述两个最外层在沿着切削刃线的区域中，其中该区域被定义为通常的刀具切削刃磨部，切削刃周围的材料被去掉。
硬质合金基底的成分应该为7-11.5wt％的Co和0.2-2.1wt％的立方碳化物，最好是0.4-1.6wt％的金属Ta、Nb和Ti的立方碳化物和元素周期表中IVb、Vb或VIb族中的其他元素的碳化物以及衡量的钨碳化物、WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm。
在一个可选实施例中，硬质合金基底在靠近表面处具有贫立方碳化物贫瘠但粘结相富集区域。从表面到贫立方碳化物端部的距离应该为5-50μm。在该实施例中，成分包括5.0-10.5wt％的Co和3.0-9.0wt％的立方碳化物和衡量的钨碳化物、WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm。上述立方碳化物可主要包括N和O。立方碳化物最好是基于Nb、Ta和Ti，但也可以包括元素周期表中IVb、Vb或VIb族中其他元素的碳化物。N的量应该在0.01-0.2wt％之间。
本发明中上述硬质合金基底上沉积的耐磨耐火的硬质涂层(图1、2)包括：
最内侧的第一TiCxNyOz层(A)，x+y+z≤1，较好是y＞x，z＜0.2，最好是y＞0.8，z＝0，等轴的晶粒尺寸＜0.5μm，总厚度＜1.5μm，但是＞0.1μm，最好是在0.1-0.6μm之间；
第二TiCxNyOz层(B)，x+y+z≤1，较好是z＝0，x＞0.3，y＞0.3，最好是x＞0.5，具有柱状晶粒，厚度为0.4-3.9μm，最好是1.5-3.0μm；
第三TiCxNyOz层(C)，在第一实施例中，x+y+z≤1，较好是y＞x，z＜0.2，最好是y＞0.8，z＝0，具有等轴晶粒，尺寸＜0.5μm，总厚度＜1.5μm，但是＞0.1μm，最好是在0.1-0.6μm之间，该层(C)在第二实施例中被省略了；
第一层结构A+B+C的总厚度为0.7-4.5μm，最好是1.6-4.0μm。优选的，上述A、C层比B层更薄；
具有多层(D)的第二层结构，该多层由多个交替的Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层(x+y+z≤1)最好是κ-Al2O3和TiN层构成。该多层序列的最内、最外层均为Al2O3层。包括Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层在内的总层数为5-31层，最好是11-15层。Al2O3层的单个层厚度为＞0.1μm但小于0.5μm，优选为0.2-0.5μm，但不包括0.5μm。而TiCxNyOz层的单个层厚度为＞0μm但小于0.2μm，优选为0.02-0.15μm。上述多层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm，优选为1.5-3.5μm。第二实施例中的层D可以为单个的Al2O3层，最好是κ-Al2O3层，为命名一致性起见，仍然称为层结构。上述单个层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm，优选为1.5-3.5μm；
一层或多层(E)TiCxNy层序列(x+y≤1)，较好是(TiN+TiC)nTiN，最好是TiN+TiC+TiN组合物。单个层厚度为＞0.15μm但小于0.8μm，超过了D层的单个TiCxNyOz层厚度，优选至少两倍。(E)层的总厚度应该＞0.6μm，最大等于2.0μm；
Al2O3层最好是κ-Al2O3层的最外层(F)，厚度为＞0.1-0.4μm，优选的，要薄于D层的单个Al2O3层厚度。E层的厚度应该是F层厚度的至少两倍优选为3-5倍。E、F层的总厚度＜2.5μm，优选为0.4-1.5μm。
上述A-F层的总厚度为2.0-12.0μm，优选为4.0-7.0μm。
上述涂层优选应该去掉环绕切削刃的最外侧部分，以使这些区域能够对应于切削刃线。如果进行切削刃研磨操作的话，该切削刃线通常被定义为切削刀片的切削刃磨部。在一个实施例中，在上述切削刃线上仅去掉E、F层。在另一实施例中，在限定长度最好是小于5％的切削刃线上去掉D-F层。优选的是仅去掉最外的(E+F)层，当然部分的去掉第二层结构(D)也是可以接受的。
后处理操作使上述最外层之下的层沿着切削刃线至前刀面和侧面暴露出来，以使前刀面和侧面露出至少0.02mm，最好是根据去屑的接触区域，在前刀面上露出0.02-0.40mm，而侧面要少一些，更优选的侧面露出为前刀面露出的一半左右。在图3.1中示出了未经处理的切削刃线截面，在图3.2、3.3中示出了进行后处理的切削刃线。但是在切削刃线的较小部分中仍然可以看见上述第一TiCxNyOz层结构(A+B+C)(图3.3)。
本发明还涉及一种制造上述涂层切削刀片的方法，该刀片优选包括具有7-11.5wt％的Co和0.2-2.1wt％的立方碳化物的WC-Co基硬质合金体，衡量成分由WC构成，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm。
在一个实施例中，硬质合金基底在靠近表面处具有立方碳化物贫瘠但粘结相富集的区域。从表面到贫立方碳化物端部的距离应该为5-50μm。在该实施例中，成分包括5.0-10.5wt％的Co和3.0-9.0wt％的立方碳化物和衡量的钨碳化物、WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm。上述立方碳化物可主要包括N和O。立方碳化物最好是基于Nb、Ta和Ti，但也可以包括元素周期表中IVb、Vb或VIb族中其他元素的碳化物。N的量应该在0.01-0.2wt％之间。
该硬质合金体主要由将粉末混合、球磨、喷雾干燥和某些压制方式随后由常用烧结方法和在涂覆前进行预处理而制成。
随后该硬质合金体进行如下涂覆操作：
利用已知的化学气相沉积、CVD等方法涂覆第一(最内侧的)TiCxNyOz层(A)，x+y+z≤1，较好是y＞x，z＜0.2，最好是y＞0.8，z＝0，等轴的晶粒尺寸＜0.5μm，总厚度＜1.5μm，但是＞0.1μm；
优选利用中温CVD、MTCVD等技术(在700-900℃的温度范围内，利用乙腈作为碳、氮来源形成上述层)涂覆第二TiCxNyOz层(B)，x+y+z≤1，较好是z＝0，x＞0.3，y＞0.3，具有柱状晶粒，厚度为0.4-3.9μm，最好是1.5-3.0μm，确切的条件要取决于所用设备的设计状况；
利用已知CVD法涂覆第三TiCxNyOz层(C)，作为第一实施例，x+y+z≤1，较好是y＞x，z＜0.2，最好是y＞0.8，z＝0，具有等轴晶粒，尺寸＜0.5μm，总厚度＜1.5μm，但是＞0.1μm，该层(C)在第二实施例中被省略了；
第一层结构A+B+C的总厚度为0.7-4.5μm，优选的，上述A、C层比B层更薄；
涂覆具有多层(D)的第二层结构，该多层由多个交替的Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层(x+y+z≤1)最好是κ-Al2O3和TiN层构成。该多层序列的最内、最外层均为Al2O3层。包括Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层在内的总层数为5-31层，最好是11-15层。Al2O3层的单个层厚度为＞0.1μm但小于0.5μm。而TiCxNyOz层的单个层厚度为＞0μm但小于0.2μm。上述多层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm。第二实施例中的层D可以为单个的Al2O3层，最好是κ-Al2O3层。上述单个层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm；
涂覆一层或多层(E)TiCxNy层序列(x+y≤1)，较好是(TiN+TiC)nTiN，最好是TiN+TiC+TiN组合物。单个层厚度为＞0.15μm，最大等于0.8μm，(E)层的总厚度应该＞0.6μm，最大等于2.0μm；
涂覆具有Al2O3层最好是κ-氧化铝层的最外层(F)，厚度为＞0.1-0.4μm，随之可以涂覆C和D或E中的另一层。E、F层的总厚度＜2.5μm。
上述A-F层的总厚度为2.0-12.0μm。
优选地，应该机械后处理上述涂层，通过擦拭、喷丸、研磨操作或者它们之间相结合的操作，使D层沿切削刃线露出，以便于和碎屑及工件接触的前刀面和侧面上的这些区域分别能够得到处理。
在一种最为优选的方法中，可以配备两个含有SiC晶粒的尼龙刷，一个刷主要用于刷刀片的前刀面，另一个主要用于刷侧面，从而在刀片的前刀面和侧面上获得所需的性能。
实例
选择下列刀片和实例来解释本发明的优点。
本发明的刀片在每一实例中均在相同条件下进行测试。
刀片a
市售硬质合金车削刀片具有10.5wt％的Co，1.24wt％的TaC，0.32wt％的NbC和由WC构成的衡量成分，平均晶粒尺寸1.7μm，该刀片涂覆着最内层的0.5μm的等轴TiN层，4.0μm柱状TiCN层，1.0μm的κ-Al2O3层，在最外层涂覆着0.5μm的TiN+TiC+TiN层.该涂层沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷擦拭.根据现有技术，沿着切削刃线到前刀面和侧面去掉大约0.05mm的最外层E、F层.
刀片b
和a刀片相同的基底涂覆着最内层的0.5μm的等轴TiN层，2.5μm的柱状TiCN层，2.1μm的由5个单个层构成的(κ-Al2O3/TiN)5κ-Al2O3多层，0.7μm的TiN+TiC+TiN层，以及在最外层涂覆着0.2μm的Al2O3层。该涂层沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷进行后处理。和刀片a一样，根据现有技术，沿着切削刃线刷掉最外的E、F层。
刀片c
该刀片和刀片b具有相同的基底和涂层，但是没有后处理。
刀片d
该刀片和刀片b具有相同的基底和涂层，并沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷进行后处理。最外侧的E、F层从切削刃线到前刀面刷掉0.11mm，在侧面上刷掉0.05mm。
刀片e
硬质合金车削刀片具有9.15wt％的Co，1.23wt％的TaC，0.30wt％的NbC和由WC构成的衡量成分，平均晶粒尺寸1.7μm，该刀片涂覆着最内层的0.5μm的等轴TiN层，2.7μm的柱状TiCN层，1.8μm的κ-Al2O3层，在最外层涂覆着0.5μm的TiN+TiC+TiN层。该涂层沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷擦拭。根据现有技术，主要沿着切削刃线到前刀面和侧面去掉大约0.05mm的最外层E。在对应于小于切削刃线5％的位置处去掉涂层D。
刀片f
和e刀片相同的基底涂覆着最内层的0.5μm的等轴TiN层，2.5μm的柱状TiCN层，2.1μm的由5个单个层构成的(κ-Al2O3/TiN)5κ-Al2O3多层，0.5μm的TiN+TiC+TiN层。该涂层沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷进行后处理。和刀片d一样，主要沿着切削刃线刷掉最外层E。
刀片g
具有和e刀片相同的基底的刀片涂覆着最内层的0.5μm的等轴TiN层，2.8μm的柱状TiCN层，1.9μm的κ-Al2O3层。该涂层沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷进行后处理。和刀片e一样，主要沿着切削刃线刷掉最外层D。
刀片h
具有和e刀片相同的基底的刀片涂覆着最内层的0.5μm的等轴TiN层，2.8μm的柱状TiCN层，1.8μm的κ-Al2O3层，0.9μm的TiN+TiC+TiN层，在最外层涂覆着0.3μm的κ-Al2O3层。该涂层沿切削刃线由含有SiC晶粒的尼龙毛刷擦拭。和刀片e一样，沿着切削刃线刷掉最外侧的E、F层。
实例1
在车削加工中测试刀片a-d。
操作：在杆件上进行轴向和端面的车削
工件材料：奥氏体不锈钢AISI304L
切削速度：225m/min
进给速度：0.3mm/转
切削深度：2.0mm
刀片型号：CNMG120408-MM
结果：刀具寿命(min)
刀片a(现有技术)ca 6
刀片b(本发明)ca 7
刀片c(本发明)ca 7
刀片d(本发明)ca 7
评价：刀具寿命标准为切削刃线的侧面磨损最大值0.3mm。由于局部的塑性变形，所以该磨损不规则地产生。该测试表明本发明至少和现有技术有相同的结果。
实例2
在车削加工中测试刀片a-d。
操作：端面和纵向车削相结合
工件材料：奥氏体不锈钢AISI316Ti
切削速度：110m/min
进给速度：0.3mm/转
切削深度：2.0mm
刀片型号：CNMG120408-MM
结果： 每周期平均刀具寿命
(切削刃之外的总破损长度)
刀片a(现有技术) 8.7(23.5mm)
刀片b(本发明) 11.7(15.0mm)
刀片c(本发明) 14.3(25.5mm)
刀片d(本发明) 13.6(7.9mm)
评价：上述决定刀具寿命的磨损为在切削深度处的刻痕磨损(notchwear)(刀具寿命标准＞0.4mm)，而作为额外的标准，对切削中刃部之外的破损长度进行评估。该操作对韧性具有要求。该实例表明相比现有技术，本发明增加了切削刃的韧性。
与实例1一起、实例2均显示出从破损长度这个角度，即使没有进行后处理，相比现有技术，本发明在性能上也有着显著的提高。
实例3
在车削加工中测试刀片e-h。
操作：在杆件上端面车削
工件材料：奥氏体不锈钢AISI304L
切削速度：140m/min
进给速度：0.36mm/转
切削深度：在每个周期内，首先从4.0mm变化到0mm，再从0mm变化到4.0mm
刀片型号：CNMG120408-MM
结果： 标准化的剥落区域(flaked area)
刀片e(本发明之外)1
刀片f(本发明之外)ca 1
刀片g(本发明之外)ca 1.5
刀片h(本发明) ca 0.4
评价：前刀面上所测量得到的总的剥落区域表明本发明的性能更好。
实例4
在车削加工中测试刀片e-h。
操作：在杆件上进行轴向和端面的车削
工件材料：奥氏体不锈钢AISI304L
切削速度：225m/min
进给速度：0.3mm/转
切削深度：2.0mm
刀片型号：CNMG120408-MM
结果： 标准刀具寿命
刀片e(本发明之外)1
刀片f(本发明之外)ca 1.2
刀片g(本发明之外)ca 1.2
刀片h(本发明) ca 1.9
备注：刀具寿命标准为切削刃线的侧面磨损最大值0.3mm。由于局部的塑性变形，所以该磨损不规则地产生。该测试表明本发明在这一方面具有更好的性能。
因此，可以理解上述给定的实例，显而易见的是，将基底和具有特定厚度的选定涂层相结合并经由切削刃处理，刀片就会具有优良的切削性能，并还可以结合上述背景技术中被认为是相矛盾的特性。
Claims (22)
1.一种用于车削钢的切削刀具的刀片，由主体和涂层构成，其特征在于，上述涂层包括：
第一最内侧层系统，其具有至少两个TiCxNyOz层，其中，x+y+z≤1，总厚度为0.7-4.5μm；
第二层系统，其为
i)由多个交替的Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层构成的多层，包括Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层在内的总层数为5-31层，其中x+y+z≤1，Al2O3层的单个层厚度为大于0.1μm但小于0.5μm，而TiCxNyOz层的单个层厚度为大于0μm但小于0.2μm，上述多层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm；或者
ii)由单一的Al2O3层构成的单层，上述单层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm；
最外层系统，包括以TiCxNy为顺序的一层或多层，其中x+y≤1，单个层的厚度大于0.15μm，并且最大等于0.8μm，合计总厚度为大于0.6μm但小于等于2.0μm；以及Al2O3最外层，其厚度大于0.1μm但小于等于0.4μm，该最外层系统的合计总厚度要小于2.5μm；
并且上述涂层的总厚度为2.0-12.0μm。
2.如权利要求1所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，最外层系统包括以(TiN+TiC)nTiN为顺序的一层或多层。
3.如权利要求1所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，最外层系统包括以TiN+TiC+TiN的组合为顺序的一层或多层。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，最外层系统的最外层为κ-Al2O3层。
5.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述最外层系统包括以TiCxNy层为顺序的多层，其中x+y≤1，以及随后的Al2O3层，TiCxNy层和Al2O3层的厚度比大于2。
6.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述第二层系统由多个交替的κ-Al2O3和TiN层构成。
7.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，在上述第二层结构中，Al2O3层的单个层厚度为0.2-0.5μm，但不包括0.5μm，而TiCxNyOz层的单个层厚度为0.02-0.15μm，上述多层的总厚度为1.5-3.5μm。
8.如权利要求1-3中任何一个所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述第二层系统由单一的κ-Al2O3层构成。
9.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述第一层系统包括：
第一最内层，由TiCxNyOz构成，其中，x+y+z≤1，具有等轴晶粒，晶粒尺寸＜0.5μm，厚度＜1.5μm但是＞0.1μm；
由TiCxNyOz组成的第二层，其中，x+y+z≤1，厚度为0.4-3.9μm，具有柱状晶粒。
10.如权利要求9所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，
第一最内层，由TiCxNyOz构成，其中y＞0.8，z＝0，具有等轴晶粒，厚度在0.1-0.6μm之间，
第二TiCxNyOz层，其中z＝0，x＞0.3，y＞0.3，厚度为1.5-3.0μm，具有柱状晶粒。
11.如权利要求10所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述第一最内层系统包括：
由TiCxNyOz组成的第三层，其中，x+y+z≤1，具有等轴晶粒，晶粒尺寸＜0.5μm，厚度＜1.5μm但是＞0.1μm。
12.如权利要求11所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，第三层由TiCxNyOz组成，其中y＞0.8，z＝0，具有等轴晶粒，其厚度在0.1-0.6μm之间。
13.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，后处理操作使最外层之下的层沿着切削刃线并进入前刀面和侧面而暴露出来，以使前刀面和侧面露出至少0.02mm。
14.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述主体为硬质合金基底，其包括7-11.5wt％的Co和0.2-2.1wt％的立方碳化物以及衡量的钨碳化物、WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm。
15.如权利要求14所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述硬质合金基底包括0.4-1.6wt％的金属Ta、Nb和Ti的立方碳化物以及在可能情况下元素周期表中IVb、Vb或VIb族中的元素的其它碳化物。
16.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述主体为硬质合金基底，其包括靠近表面的立方碳化物贫瘠但粘结相富集的区域，从表面到立方碳化物贫瘠端的测得距离应该为5-50μm，该基底的成分包括5.0-10.5wt％的Co和3.0-9.0wt％的立方碳化物和平衡量的钨碳化物、WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm。
17.如权利要求16所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，上述立方碳化物基于Nb、Ta和Ti，但也可以包括元素周期表中IVb、Vb或VIb族中元素的碳化物。
18.如权利要求1所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，所述第一最内侧层系统的总厚度为1.6-4.0μm。
19.如权利要求9所述的切削刀具的刀片，其特征在于，在由TiCxNyOz构成的第一最内层中，y＞x，z＜0.2。
20.一种制造用于车削钢的切削刀具刀片的方法，该刀片由主体和涂层构成，其特征在于，该主体涂覆有：
具有至少两层TiCxNyOz层的第一最内侧层系统，其中x+y+z≤1，该层系统的总厚度为0.7-4.5μm，对于第一层利用已知的化学气相沉积方法，对于第二层利用中温CVD技术，其中在700-900℃的温度范围内，利用乙腈作为碳、氮来源；
第二层系统，其为
i)由多个交替的Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层构成的多层，包括Al2O3层和TiCxNyOz层在内的总层数为5-31层，其中x+y+z≤1，Al2O3层的单个层厚度为大于0.1μm但小于0.5μm，而TiCxNyOz层的单个层厚度为大于0μm但小于0.2μm，上述多层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm；或者
ii)由单一的Al2O3层构成的单层，上述单层的总厚度为1.0-4.0μm，；
最外层系统，厚度小于2.5μm，该最外层系统包括以TiCxNy层为顺序的一层或多层，其中x+y≤1，TiCxNy层的单个层厚度大于0.15μm，并且最大等于0.8μm，而总厚度为大于0.6μm，并且最大等于2.0μm，和随后的最外的Al2O3层，最外Al2O3层厚度大于0.1μm，最大等于0.4μm，
上述涂层的总厚度为2.0-12.0μm。
21.如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，上述主体包括WC-Co基硬质合金，该硬质合金包括7-11.5wt％的Co，0.2-2.1wt％的立方碳化物和平衡量的WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm，通过粉末混合、球磨、喷雾干燥、某种压制方法，随后采用常用烧结方法和预处理进行生产。
22.如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，上述主体为硬质合金基底，该硬质合金基底包括靠近表面的立方碳化物贫瘠但粘结相富集的区域，从表面到立方碳化物贫瘠端的测得距离应该为5-50μm，该基底的成分包括5.0-10.5wt％的Co和3.0-9.0wt％的立方碳化物和平衡量的钨碳化物、WC，平均晶粒尺寸为1.0-3.0μm，通过粉末混合、球磨、喷雾干燥、某种压制方法，随后采用常用烧结方法和预处理进行生产。
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| EP0683244A2 (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-22 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Coated hard alloy tool |
| CN1229442A (zh) * | 1996-09-06 | 1999-09-22 | 桑德维克公司 | 涂膜刀具 |
| CN1396029A (zh) * | 2001-03-26 | 2003-02-12 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | 高速重切削用表面涂覆硬质合金制造的切削工具 |
| EP1245700A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-02 | Seco Tools Ab | Kappa and/or gamma A1203 multi-coating deposited by low temperature CVD |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103717332A (zh) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-04-09 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
| US9211588B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2015-12-15 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | Surface-coated cutting tool |
| CN103717332B (zh) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-02-24 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2006026891A (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
| JP5000864B2 (ja) | 2012-08-15 |
| EP1616976A2 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN1721108A (zh) | 2006-01-18 |
| IL169164A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| SE0401868L (sv) | 2006-01-14 |
| SE0401868D0 (sv) | 2004-07-13 |
| US20060029831A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
| SE528108C2 (sv) | 2006-09-05 |
| KR101236006B1 (ko) | 2013-02-21 |
| KR20060050142A (ko) | 2006-05-19 |
| US7470296B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 |
| EP1616976A3 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| EP1616976B1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
| IL169164A0 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
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