CN1716642B - Mixed photoelectric light and heat collector - Google Patents
Mixed photoelectric light and heat collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN1716642B CN1716642B CN 200410063405 CN200410063405A CN1716642B CN 1716642 B CN1716642 B CN 1716642B CN 200410063405 CN200410063405 CN 200410063405 CN 200410063405 A CN200410063405 A CN 200410063405A CN 1716642 B CN1716642 B CN 1716642B
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- gatherer
- heat
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- photocell
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The mixed solar photoelectric/heat collector includes heat collector and photocell layer laminated onto the heat absorbing plate surface of the heat collector. The heat collector includes extruded aluminum box structure, and the aluminum box structure possesses many adjacent longitudinally stretched channels connected mutually via one pair of transverse water collecting pipes set separately on two ends of the longitudinally channels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed photoelectric/heat trap, it both can utilize photocell solar energy converting can be become electric energy, also can utilize the thermal energy collecting device that solar energy converting is become heat energy.
Background technology
In family and commercial Application, can use solar energy that energy is provided according to two kinds of basic skills.At first, heat trap can be used for solar energy converting is become heat energy.Typically, for example heat trap can comprise metallic plate, and this metallic plate can absorb solar energy as much as possible, and gives the water that flows with this energy as thermal energy transfer in pipeline, and wherein these pipelines contact with metallic plate.So the water here obtains heating, and can directly be used as the thermal water source, perhaps be used for driving heating or cooling system, for example utilize heat-exchange device.
Utilize the another kind of method of solar energy to be to use photocell (being commonly called as " solar cell ") that solar energy converting is become electric energy.Photocell is known, usually by semi-conducting material for example monocrystalline silicon make, it can convert the solar radiation of incident to electric energy.
Though two kinds of technology have obtained all approving quite fully and have been used in many practical applications that the efficient of two kinds of technology is not high especially.For example, the per day heat efficiency of heat trap is about 50%, and this efficient is lower for photocell.For the monocrystalline photocell, the maximum of conversion efficiency is about 24%, but in actual applications, because a variety of causes, this efficient is low to 13%-15%.In other words, the nearly solar energy of 85%-87% that is incident on the photocell is reflected or is absorbed as heat energy.
Consider this reason, it is known that combined hybrid formula photoelectricity/heat trap is provided, and described photoelectricity/heat trap will use photocell to produce electric energy and use conventional heat trap to produce heat energy and combine.
In known mixed photoelectric/heat trap, be provided with and be used for photronic plate, the position of plate will make solar energy be incident on this plate.Be furnished with heat trap under solar panels, heat trap receives heat energy from solar panels.In other words, at least a portion does not convert electric energy to but by the incident solar energy of heat trap as heat absorption, passes to the heat trap that can be used for adding hot water from solar panels then.In this way, the incident energy that at least a portion does not convert electric energy to is not wasted, and can be used for adding hot water.Mixed photoelectric/heat trap also has the advantage that single assembly not only can produce electric energy but also can produce hot water.
Yet in order to improve the efficient of heat trap, it is very important to have good heat transmission between electro-optical package and heat trap.The design of heat trap, bonding or other method that is connected to electro-optical package all is very important design factor with heat trap.Though many designs of mixed photoelectric/heat trap have been proposed, also not successful fully so far.
Summary of the invention
According to embodiments of the invention, a kind of mixed photoelectric/heat solar gatherer is provided, it comprises and is laminated to the lip-deep photocell layer of heat trap absorber plate, wherein this heat trap comprises a case structure, it has the adjacency channel of many longitudinal extensions, described vertical passage interconnects by a pair of transverse collector pipe, and described transverse collector pipe is positioned at each vertical passage two ends.
Preferably, described case structure comprises many joggle modules.In a preferred embodiment, each module comprises many vertical passages, and is formed with the connector that is used to be connected to adjacent same module.For example, each described module comprises the cloudy connector of longitudinal extension and the male connector of longitudinal extension, and cloudy connector is formed on the side of module and is parallel to vertical passage, and male connector is formed on another side of module and is parallel to vertical passage.Preferably, each described module comprises three vertical passages.
Described case structure is made of aluminium alloy.
In a preferred embodiment, first transverse collector pipe stopper after the one end is formed with cooling water inlet and is positioned at first vertical passage forces the cold water of inflow pipe second collector pipe of first vertical passage arrival of flowing through downwards by natural circulation thus.Hot water outlet can be located at an end opposite with described cooling water inlet of described first collector pipe.
Preferably, a heat insulator layer be fixed on the aluminium case structure with the photocell facing surfaces on.
Preferably, described photocell is laminated on the heat trap absorber plate surface by one deck electrical insulating material.Laminating layer electrical insulating material on the photocell surface relative also with this heat trap.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of method of making mixed photoelectric/heat solar gatherer also is provided, it comprises following steps: (a) form the heat trap absorber plate with plane, (b) use the single step vacuum lamination process that photocell is pressed on the described plane layer by layer, have one deck electrical insulating material between them.
In the preferred embodiment of this method, described use single step vacuum lamination process also is included in laminating layer electrical insulating material on the photocell laminar surface relative with the heat trap absorber plate.Preferably, described step (a) comprises with many module joggles together, and wherein each module forms by extrusion process.
Description of drawings
To and some embodiments of the present invention be described with reference to the accompanying drawings by example now, wherein:
Fig. 1 represents the general illustration according to the mixed photoelectric/heat trap of the embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 2 represents the heat trap of the embodiment of the invention with plan view,
Fig. 3 represents the heat trap of the embodiment of the invention with the cutaway view form, and it illustrates modular construction,
Fig. 4 shows hybrid collector arrangement, and photocell is laminated on the heat trap end face thus,
Fig. 5 a-5c shows the details of assembling case structure heat trap parts.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 represents the general illustration according to mixed photoelectric/heat (PV/T) gatherer of the embodiment of the invention.The PV/T gatherer comprises absorber plate 1, is used to receive shining upon of incident.In Fig. 1, absorber plate 1 is foursquare, but is appreciated that it can be rectangle or other possibility shape.The concrete structure of dull and stereotyped (absorber plate) 1 will be described in more detail below, but flat board 1 is formed with flat aluminium end face in a word, uses the vacuum press technology that photovoltaic cell arrays is bonded on the aluminium end face.
Flat aluminium end face also is (will further describe hereinafter) in the absorber plate end face of the box heat trap device of aluminium flat-top, is provided with in the heat trap device to be used for the passage that water flows therein.These passages form the current loop, and it comprises recirculation pipe 2, storage tank 3, hot water outlet 4, blast pipe 5 and draining valve 6.Briefly, will be heated continuously, and therefore can be used for many application by the flow through water in loop of natural circulation.Should be appreciated that, select suitably to control this boiler water circulation with Fixed Design flow or changeable flow by using circulating pump.
As mentioned above, dull and stereotyped 1 end face is equipped with many photocells, and sunray is incident on these photocells.These photocells produce electric energy in a usual manner, and described electric energy can be used for 13 chargings of driving electric load 15 or accumulators by transducer 14.Hybrid collector arrangement is provided with front glass cover 11 (Fig. 4) and intermediate air layer, and this can improve the hot property of gatherer.
Not all solar energy that is incident on the photocell all converts electric energy to.Part solar energy may be reflected, but major part will convert heat energy in photocell.This part heat energy will reduce photocell efficient, unless and can utilize this part heat energy, otherwise it shows as energy dissipation.Therefore the heat trap absorber plate is located under the photocell, eliminating this part heat energy from photocell, and makes this part energy can be used for adding hot water.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, photocell is laminated on the end face of the box absorber plate of aluminium flat-top, so that provide the extraordinary heat from the photocell to the absorber to transmit.Laminating machine (laminator) has two chambers, promptly goes up chamber and following chamber, and absorber plate, photocell etc. is placed in them.Illustrate the layer order in the laminated sheet among Fig. 4.Specifically, for photocell is bonded on the absorber plate, at first clean the flat top surface of absorber, with silicone adhesive 41 the opaque electrical insulating material 40 of one deck is bonded to described surface then, electrical insulating material 40 is for example Tedlar-polyester-Tedlar (Tedlar-Polyester-Tedlar (TPT)).Use ethene acetic acid (EVA) 43 to be coated in the both sides of photocell 42 then, and be fixed on the TPT layer 40, on the photocell end face, lay transparent TPT layer 44 then.Use vacuum lamination process that photocell is laminated on the absorber overhead then.TPT, EVA and the photronic whole thickness 2mm that only has an appointment.
This device is to be placed in the vacuum laminator and between two fiber cloth by all the formation layers (except that a cloche) with the PV/T device to construct.Apply heat then the air themperature in the laminated sheet is elevated to about 110 ℃, EVA will begin fusing under this temperature.Vacuum pump moves 6-10 minute to eliminate the air in chamber and the following chamber then.Constituting layer has just closely overlapped together.Then, by the gas replenishment process in about 30 seconds the chamber is got back in the air conveying, so that the chamber of making reaches atmospheric pressure again, and the chamber keeps vacuum state down.And then be lamination process, this process continues 16-20 minute down at 140 ℃.The PV/T system stops heating then so that can be fixed on the laminated sheet inboard and EVA is solidified.Then the PV/T system is moved to thermostatic chamber, the structure of PV/T system can be stablized in thermostatic chamber.
As mentioned above, Fig. 2 is the plane graph of the heat trap of the embodiment of the invention, and this heat trap comprises the box absorber structure of aluminium flat-top, and is made of many interconnection joggle modules, and each module forms the monomer extrusion.Fig. 2 represents the absorber plate structure with plan view, and Fig. 3 is concrete module of expression and the cutaway view that be connected of this module with adjacent module.Each module 20 comprises plane 21, lower plane 22 and vertical (as shown in Figure 3) crossbeam 23, and crossbeam 23 is divided into three vertical passages 24 with module 20, described in hereinafter, and the water described passage of can flowing through.Along an edge (being illustrated as right hand edge among Fig. 3) of module 20, each module is provided with vertical male connector 25, and along relative longitudinal edge (being illustrated as left hand edge among Fig. 3), each module is formed with corresponding cloudy connector 26.Should be appreciated that the male connector 25 of a module can be contained in the cloudy connector 26 of adjacent module 20, two this modules can link together thus.According to this method, many same modules 20 can link together and form the large-scale plant of any required size.Also can understand, when many such modules 20 linked together according to this method, their last plane 21 formed fixing photronic plane (absorber plate) 1 together.
With reference now to Fig. 2,, two aluminum pipes 27,28 that are used as transverse collector pipe are connected to the two ends of passage 24, so that vertical passage is interconnected, and make water can flow into another such vertical passage from the end of vertical passage 24.Yet an aluminum pipe 27 is equipped with stopper 29, and stopper 29 is positioned at after managing first vertical passage that 27 1 ends begin, and this has just formed the cooling water inlet 30 that is used for absorber.Specifically, cold water enters absorber by import 30, and because the effect of stopper 29, cold water is forced to be downward through first vertical passage 24, the aluminum pipe 28 on cold water arrival absorber opposite side.The cold water aluminum pipe 28 of flowing through then, and be upward through all residue vertical passages (with a flow that reduces), during this period, by the heat energy that imports heat absorber from photocell into water is heated, temperature/hot water is collected in first aluminum pipe 27 of stopper 29 opposite sides, and warm water can be discharged by hot water outlet 31.
During assembling process, as shown in Fig. 5 a-5c, use silicagel pad 100 under 7 kilograms of pressure, current collector and vertical passage to be installed together.Simultaneously, on the groove part of afflux organ pipe, they are firmly coupled together with rivet.Even if it is gapped, also gapped with silica gel filling institute.
The bottom surface (promptly with photronic opposite one side) that should be noted that heat trap is equipped with thermal insulation panel and is overflowed from the box gatherer of flat-top to prevent heat energy, thereby makes the maximizing efficiency of heat trap.On the other hand, the whole top that solar panel needn't the cover heating gatherer is so that part incident solar energy can directly be absorbed by heat trap.Should be appreciated that equally above-mentioned single step vacuum lamination mounting technology also can be used for conventional ribbed pipe type heat trap and case structure.Yet the case structure that is used for heat trap is favourable, because it provides better heat conduction, and solar cell can more easily be laminated on the surface of case structure.In common process, vacuum lamination is applied to not to be had on the PV of the heat trap device equally.In the back under the situation, solar panel is by use heat-conductive bonding agent (as silica gel or aluminum oxide epoxy resin etc.) under indoor conditions to the connection of heat trap, like this, be enclosed in air in the adhesive phase may cause between solar panel and the heat trap than the low heat transfer rate.
Claims (13)
1. mixed photoelectric/heat solar gatherer, comprise and be laminated to the lip-deep photocell layer of heat trap absorber plate, wherein said heat trap comprises case structure, the upper surface of this case structure constitutes absorber plate, this case structure is made of many interconnection joggle modules, each module comprises the plane, lower plane and vertical crossbeam, this vertical crossbeam is separated into module the adjacency channel of many longitudinal extensions, described vertical passage interconnects by a pair of transverse collector pipe, described transverse collector pipe is located at the two ends of described each vertical passage, has one deck electrical insulating material between photocell and heat trap absorber plate.
2. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1, wherein each described module comprises the cloudy connector of longitudinal extension and the male connector of longitudinal extension, cloudy connector is formed on the side of module and is parallel to vertical passage, and male connector is formed on another side of module and is parallel to vertical passage.
3. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1, wherein each described module comprises three vertical passages.
4. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said case structure is made of aluminium alloy.
5. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1, the stopper of first collector pipe of wherein said pipe after the one end is formed with cooling water inlet and is positioned at first vertical passage forces the cold water of inflow pipe second collector pipe of first vertical passage arrival of flowing through thus downwards.
6. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 5, wherein hot water outlet is located at an end opposite with described cooling water inlet of described first collector pipe.
7. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the current in the passage are designed to carry out natural circulation.
8. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat insulator layer be fixed on the case structure with the photocell opposite surfaces on.
9. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1, wherein electrical insulating material is Tedlar-polyester-Tedlar.
10. hybrid gatherer as claimed in claim 1 comprises also that wherein one is laminated to the electrical insulation material layer on the photronic and described heat trap opposite surfaces.
11. a method of making mixed photoelectric/heat solar gatherer comprises following steps:
(a) form heat trap absorber plate with plane, described heat trap comprises case structure, and this case structure is made of many interconnection joggle modules, and each module comprises plane, lower plane and vertical crossbeam, this vertical crossbeam is separated into the adjacency channel of many longitudinal extensions with module, and
(b) use the single step vacuum lamination process that photocell is pressed on the described absorber plate plane layer by layer, and between photocell layer and described plane, have one deck electrical insulating material.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said single step vacuum lamination process also are included in laminating layer electrical insulating material on the photocell laminar surface opposite with the heat trap absorber plate.
13. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said step (a) comprises with many module joggles together, and wherein each module forms by extrusion process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410063405 CN1716642B (en) | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | Mixed photoelectric light and heat collector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410063405 CN1716642B (en) | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | Mixed photoelectric light and heat collector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1716642A CN1716642A (en) | 2006-01-04 |
| CN1716642B true CN1716642B (en) | 2010-09-22 |
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| CN 200410063405 Expired - Fee Related CN1716642B (en) | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | Mixed photoelectric light and heat collector |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101523000B (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2011-07-06 | B-波茨控股有限公司 | Solar energy harvesting apparatus |
| EP2248184A4 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2015-04-01 | Arkema Inc | High efficiency photovoltaic modules |
| CN103486760B (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学技术大学 | Solar heat collection-radiation refrigeration integration device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4493940A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1985-01-15 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Sunlight-into-energy conversion apparatus |
| CN86201422U (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1986-11-05 | 陕西师范大学 | Combined solar hot water unit |
| CN1402883A (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2003-03-12 | 霍尔格·隆帕斯基 | Device for producing solar energy and water |
| CN1445494A (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-01 | 蔡小舒 | Solar energy for heating, electrical utilization device |
-
2004
- 2004-06-29 CN CN 200410063405 patent/CN1716642B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4493940A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1985-01-15 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Sunlight-into-energy conversion apparatus |
| CN86201422U (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1986-11-05 | 陕西师范大学 | Combined solar hot water unit |
| CN1402883A (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2003-03-12 | 霍尔格·隆帕斯基 | Device for producing solar energy and water |
| CN1445494A (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-01 | 蔡小舒 | Solar energy for heating, electrical utilization device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 同上. |
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