CN1715180A - 一种常压下水溶液中合成LaPO4纳米棒的方法 - Google Patents
一种常压下水溶液中合成LaPO4纳米棒的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001477 LaPO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical group [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPNSNYBUADCFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromafenozide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C(=O)N(NC(=O)C=2C(=C3CCCOC3=CC=2)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 HPNSNYBUADCFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQFNMFDUAPEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LQFNMFDUAPEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种常压下水溶液中反应合成LaPO4纳米棒的方法,其特征在于以LaCl3·6H2O和H3PO4为原料,浓度为0.1~0.5M,La∶P=1∶1(原子比);溶液的pH值为0.1~5,反应温度为50~70℃,时效时间为6~12小时;反应在烧杯中进行,不需要加高压。本发明选用的原料简单,反应物成分可精确控制。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及稀土磷酸盐(LaPO4),特别是提供一种常压下,水溶液中合成磷酸镧纳米棒的方法。
背景技术
稀土磷酸盐具耐高温,优良的物理、化学特性,在发光器件、催化、激光、生物探测等领域被广泛应用。磷酸镧(LaPO4)是一种常用的稀土磷酸盐,它的熔点高达2300℃,在水和酸性溶液中的化学稳定性非常好。在潮湿空气中是质子导体,因此可作为燃料电池的电解质和氢分离的分离膜;掺杂的LaPO4具有优良的荧光发光特性,因此广泛用于发光器件;独居石结构的LaPO4由于力学性能的各向异性可作为陶瓷基复合材料中纤维/基体的弱结合面,也可以与Al2O3、ZrO2等陶瓷复合赋予其可加工性。纳米材料由于尺寸效应具有特殊的电、光等性能。纳米LaPO4具有特殊的光学性质,在波导器件、生物探测等方面具有诱人的应用前景。然而磷酸盐纳米线和纳米棒的合成却不等,采用高温固-固反应和固-液-气相反应合成。低温化学合成纳米线(棒)具有成本低、产量大的优点,因此近年来广泛被应用于纳米线、纳米棒的合成,如电化学沉积法、模板法、晶种法等。但这些方法都不能用于合成LaPO4纳米线。最近文献1(J.Am.Chem.Soc.125.No.51,(2003)16025-16034)报道了在高压釜中水热合成LaPO4纳米线,所采用的原料为NH4H2PO4和La(NO3)3,高压釜的温度为150℃,反应时间为12h。由于高压釜的潜在危险性以及反应釜中合成量的限制,难以进行大量纳米棒的合成。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以LaCl3·6H2O和H3PO4为原料,在常压下水溶液中合成LaPO4纳米棒的方法。
本发明提供了一种在常压下、水溶液中反应合成LaPO4纳米棒的方法,其特征在于:
1)原料组成:LaCl3·6H2O,H3PO4,NH4OH或HCl;
2)工艺:将LaCl3·6H2O配置成0.1~0.5M水溶液,将稀释的磷酸(浓度为0.1~0.5M)缓缓滴入LaCl3溶液的水溶液中,并不断搅拌,溶液的pH值用HCl或NH4OH调节,溶液的pH值范围为0.1~5。实验时水溶液的温度为50~70℃,时效时间为6~12小时,反应产物用去离子水清理。
本发明的优点是:
1.选用的原料简单,它们是LaCl3·6H2O和H3PO4;
2.反应物成分可精确控制,即La∶P=1∶1;
3.反应不需要高温、高压,在70℃,常压下合成,在烧杯中进行即可。
附图说明
图1为T=70℃,pH=0.1,时效时间为6h,得到的LaPO4纳米棒的透射电镜照片。
图2为T=70℃,pH=0.1,时效时间为6h,得到的六方结构LaPO4的X-射线衍射谱。
图3为T=70℃,pH=1.0,时效时间为10h,得到的LaPO4纳米棒的透射电镜照片。
图4为T=70℃,pH=1.0,时效时间为10h,得到的六方结构LaPO4的X-射线衍射谱。
具体实施方式
下面通过实例说明本发明。
实施例1
在100ml浓度为0.1M的LaCl3的水溶液中,按原子比为La∶P=1∶1加入0.1M的H3PO4,加入稀盐酸将pH值调节到0.1,然后将反应溶液在70℃时效(放置)6小时,产物清洗、烘干后得到的LaPO4纳米棒平均直径为14nm,长为142nm,如图1的透射电镜照片所示,经X-射线分析为六方结构的LaPO4(见图2)。
实施例2
在100ml浓度为0.2M的LaCl3水溶液中,按原子比为La∶P=1∶1加入0.2M的H3PO4,加入稀盐酸将pH值调节到1.0,在70℃时效10小时,产物经清洗、烘干后得到的LaPO4纳米棒平均直径为11.4nm,长度为114nm,如图3的透射电镜照片所示,经X-射线衍射分析为六方结构LaPO4(见图4)。
实施例3
在100ml浓度为0.5M的LaCl3水溶液中,按原子比为La∶P=1∶1加入0.5M的H3PO4,加入稀盐酸将pH值调节到4.0,在50℃时效6小时,产物经清洗、烘干后得到的LaPO4纳米棒平均直径为10nm,长度为83nm。
Claims (1)
1、一种常压下水溶液中反应合成LaPO4纳米棒的方法,其特征在于:
1)原料:
LaCl3·6H2O和H3PO4,浓度分别为0.1~0.5M,反应成分按原子比为La∶P=1∶1;
2)工艺:
将LaCl3·6H2O配置成0.1~0.5M水溶液,将经过稀释浓度为0.1~0.5M的磷酸滴入LaCl3溶液的水溶液中,并不断搅拌,溶液的pH值用HCl或NH4OH调节,溶液的pH值范围为0.1~5,反应温度为50~70℃,时效时间为6~12小时。
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101327920B (zh) * | 2007-06-20 | 2010-08-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种薄片状LiFePO4纳米晶粉体及其制备方法 |
CN104609383A (zh) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-13 | 清华大学 | 一种高活性磷酸镧纳米棒的制备方法及其作为光催化剂的应用 |
CN115340077A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-15 | 承德莹科精细化工股份有限公司 | 一种高纯度磷酸镧的制备方法 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101327920B (zh) * | 2007-06-20 | 2010-08-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种薄片状LiFePO4纳米晶粉体及其制备方法 |
CN104609383A (zh) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-13 | 清华大学 | 一种高活性磷酸镧纳米棒的制备方法及其作为光催化剂的应用 |
CN115340077A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-15 | 承德莹科精细化工股份有限公司 | 一种高纯度磷酸镧的制备方法 |
CN115340077B (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-05-03 | 承德莹科精细化工股份有限公司 | 一种高纯度磷酸镧的制备方法 |
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