CN1713003A - Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector - Google Patents
Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector Download PDFInfo
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- CN1713003A CN1713003A CNA2005100902872A CN200510090287A CN1713003A CN 1713003 A CN1713003 A CN 1713003A CN A2005100902872 A CNA2005100902872 A CN A2005100902872A CN 200510090287 A CN200510090287 A CN 200510090287A CN 1713003 A CN1713003 A CN 1713003A
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Abstract
A Maxwell micro-half ball array reflector is prepared by using ion exchange technique to work out half ball lens with reflectivity distribution of Maxwell lens, plating high reflection film at back surface of half ball and imbedding on binding layer combined with sticking layer, and sticking them on carrier in different form for forming various array reflectors.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to target following and Instrument technology field, particularly a kind of have a high reflex reflection rate, big incident angle, the Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector of directed retro-reflective properties.
Background technology
The reflex reflection cooperative target is widely used in laser acquisition, satellite ranging, and space articulation, in the tracing measurement system, the rear reflection characteristic of cooperative target has a strong impact on the operating distance of detection system, measuring accuracy and tracking accuracy.Traditional retroreflection cooperative target mainly contains the microarray reverberator that prism of corner cube reverberator and " opal " reverberator and respective reflector thereof are formed.
Micro-prism array reverberator shown in Figure 1 is to rely on three right angle face total reflections of single corner cube reflector to realize reflex reflection, can only be in less incident angle scope, and the parallel formation reflex reflection of reflected light with incident light.In order to increase the variation range of incident angle, usually at three right angle face plating reflectance coatings.Owing to the factor of material refractive index, can further reduce the variation range of incident angle.Under light beam vertical incidence situation, according to imaging relations, the maximum reflectivity of micro-prism array reverberator can reach 66.7%.Because the influence of mismachining tolerance and diffraction effect, reflectivity also can reduce.Because the asymmetry of corner cube reflector, its reflex reflection rate changes with the orientation of incident angle and incident, different incidence angles and different incident orientations, and its reflex reflection rate difference, but incident angle is generally all less, is no more than 60 °.
The opal inverse reflector generally is made up of the glass hemisphere or the sphere lens of two different radiis, has the characteristic of reflex reflection for making opal, necessarily requires the rear focus of the preceding hemisphere of opal to drop on the sphere of rear quarter, and plates reflectance coating on the rear quarter surface.For paraxial rays, after focusing on, drops on the sphere of rear quarter preceding hemisphere, on the rear quarter sphere, to reflect, the rear focus place that be equivalent to the past hemisphere this moment sends a branch of light, so emergent ray is parallel to incident ray, promptly has retroreflective.The light that departs from optical axis will be with certain angle of divergence retroeflection after the reflection of rear surface, and the angle of divergence changes with the height change that departs from optical axis.Therefore, the reflectivity of cat's eye reflex device is lower, and under the vertical incidence situation, maximum reflectivity is less than 50%, and with the operating distance increase, reflectivity also will reduce.Shown in Figure 2 is a kind of synoptic diagram of spherical cat's eye reflex device reflex reflection principle, have only incident ray through the centre of sphere and a certain special angle through the rear surface complete reflex reflection, other reflected light and incident light form an angle and converge or disperse, and its degree of divergence is relevant with the material of incident angle and reverberator.Because the influence of the angle of divergence, the cat's eye reflex device is not suitable for the big situation of operating distance variation range.
Glass microballoon array reflecting plate is based on the principle of opal inverse reflector, form by a series of little beaded glasses, the rear quarter plating reflectance coating of beaded glass, usually the refractive index of microballon is between 1.9～2.0, diameter is between 2～200 microns, and catoptrical divergence depends on the inherent characteristic of microballon, and the limit reflectivity of glass microballoon array reflecting plate is about 50%, consider distribution character and the mismachining tolerance and the diffraction of microballon, reflectivity also will reduce greatly.
For existing a kind of ball symmetric gradient refractive index micropearl array reflector (as shown in Figure 3), because the projection of its microballon influences each other, incident angle and reflex reflection rate that the distribution interval of microballon and distribution form influence light beam, even at each bead diameter, under the situation of closely arranging, the ultimate value of incident angle is-60 °～60 °, can't meet the demands in some applications.
Above-mentioned array inverse reflector is because the restriction of its shape and material refractive index exists the incident angle variation range little, the characteristics that the reflex reflection rate is low.For specific application scenario, can only be optimized design by the distribution form between material, shape, size and each the unit reverberator of choose reasonable reverberator, to satisfy the demand.And the beam incident optical face of above-mentioned microarray reverberator is owing to the destruction that is vulnerable to nature and non-natural cause is reduced its performance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned existing microarray inverse reflector; to satisfy big incident angle; the demand of long distance laser detection and tracking and lightweight and slice structure simultaneously in order to protect the optical surface of reverberator, the present invention proposes a kind of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector, the little packaged lens of each of array has the index distribution form of Maxwell's lens, the rear surface plating reflectance coating of Maxwell micro-semisphere lens, and embed in the adhesive linkage, adhesive linkage links to each other with adhesion layer.
The present invention has following characteristics and good result:
Traditional microarray reverberator is by changing material and the shape of unit reverberator and the retro-reflective properties that size changes the microarray reverberator, the present invention has utilized Maxwell's lens and image-forming principle, plate the retro-reflective properties that reflectance coating is realized reverberator in Maxwell's packaged lens rear surface, this is one of innovative point of the existing microarray reverberator making of difference:
The present invention utilizes hemispherical reflector to form the microarray reverberator, can play the effect of level crossing on the whole, and the distribution form between little hemispherical reflector does not influence the incident angle of light beam, and this is two of an innovative point of the present invention.
The present invention covers the transparent anti-reflection dielectric layer of a floor height at the beam incident optical face of little hemisphere array reflector; reverberator had both been played anti-reflection effect; play a protective role again, other performance to reverberator does not exert an influence substantially simultaneously, and this is three of an innovative point of the present invention.
After adopting foregoing invention, the microarray reverberator has following distinguishing feature:
1) improved directed reflex reflection ability, under the vertical incidence situation, limit reflex reflection rate is 1, and the reflex reflection rate that is higher than little pyramid array reflector and glass microballoon array reflector and ball graded index micropearl array reflector is suitable.
2) compare with little micro-prism array reverberator, the variation range of incident angle increases, and the variation range of limit incident angle is-90 °～90 °
3) compare with glass microballoon array reflector (or cat's eye reflex device), reflected light is not dispersed, and can greatly improve the operating distance of detection system.
4) compare with existing a kind of ball symmetric gradient refractive index micropearl array reflector, owing to do not block between the hemisphere, the distribution between each little hemispherical reflector does not influence the ultimate value of incident angle.
5) add optical coatings, can play anti-reflection effect to the light wave of specific band, the destruction that can prevent nature and non-natural cause again simultaneously scratches, and is aging etc., and the microarray reverberator is played a protective role.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the floor map of existing little micro-prism array reverberator
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of existing spherical cat's eye reflex device reflex reflection principle
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of existing a kind of ball graded index micropearl array reflector
Reflex reflection synoptic diagram when Fig. 4 a is the single Maxwell micro-semisphere reverberator of the present invention light beam vertical incidence
Reflex reflection synoptic diagram when Fig. 4 b is the oblique incidence of the single Maxwell micro-semisphere reverberator of the present invention light beam
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section (not containing overlayer 8) of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic cross-section (containing overlayer 8) of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector of the present invention
Fig. 7 is the floor map of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector of the present invention
The Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector floor map of the little hemisphere mixed distribution of Fig. 8 size
The desirable Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector reflex reflection of Fig. 9 rate with incident angle change curve map
The reflectance curve comparison diagram that three kinds of microarray reverberators of Figure 10 change with operating distance
Among the figure 1 be incident light and reflex reflection light, 2 for the Maxwell micro-semisphere lens, 3 for reflectance coating, 4 for adhesive linkage, 5 for adhesion layer, 6 for cushion pad, 7 for the beam incident optical surface of Maxwell micro-semisphere lens, 8 be overlayer
Embodiment
The embodiment and the accompanying drawing of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector of the present invention are described in detail as follows:
Fig. 4 a is the light path synoptic diagram of single desirable Maxwell micro-semisphere reverberator of the present invention when the light beam vertical incidence.By the principle of Maxwell's lens, when the index distribution of packaged lens during suc as formula (1), directional light incides on the planar end surface of packaged lens, and sharp focus is on the later half sphere of packaged lens after the lens refraction.
Wherein: n
0Refractive index for centre of sphere place;
R is the distance (m) that a bit arrives the centre of sphere on the hemisphere;
R is hemispheroidal radius (m).
If the rear quarter surface plating reflectance coating in packaged lens makes incident light generation direct reflection, then because hemispheroidal spatial symmetry, after the reflection of rear surface, reflected light is parallel with incident light, forms complete reflex reflection, incoming cross-section equates that with reflecting interface the reflex reflection rate is 1.Directional light oblique incidence (shown in Fig. 4 b), incident angle still converges at hemispheroidal rear surface when changing for-90 °～90 °, and reflected light is parallel to incident light, but the reflex reflection rate reduces and the relation of incident angle is
ρ＝ρ
0?cos(θ) (2)
Wherein: ρ
0=1, the reflex reflection rate during for vertical incidence.
For Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector, because non-interference between each little hemisphere reflecting body, to reflex reflection rate normalized, the reflex reflection rate of then little hemisphere array reflector still satisfies (2) formula.
Of the present inventionly focused on proposing the Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector that refractive index has (1) formula distribution form, Fig. 5 is the sectional view of microarray reverberator of the present invention (not containing overlayer), plating reflectance coating 3 in the rear surface of Maxwell's packaged lens 2 among the figure, and embed in the adhesive linkage 4, adhesive linkage 4 links to each other with adhesion layer 5, it is the beam incident optical surface of Maxwell micro-semisphere lens that there is cushion pad 6,7 rear surface of adhesion layer 5.Maxwell's packaged lens 2, its radius can be arbitrary value, only requires that its refractive index satisfies (1) formula requirement.The lenticular method for making of this kind mainly contains two kinds, mainly is to adopt ion exchange technique for unorganic glass, mainly is to adopt the diffusion copolymerization technique that suspends for organic polymer materials.Reflectance coating 3 adopts the method for vacuum aluminum-coated or silver-plated method or plated film to form usually, makes it have the function of direct reflection.Adhesive linkage 4 is normally strong by cementability, Heat stability is good, durable polymeric material are formed, and adhesive linkage is flexible, and it be can be applicable on nonplanar substrate or the carrier.The material that adhesive linkage is commonly used mainly contains: epoxy resin, acryl resin, urethane rubber etc.Adhesion layer 5 with two-sided adhesion characteristics, its effect are to link to each other with adhesive linkage, also are in order to adhere on the concrete application vector simultaneously.The application scenario is depended in selecting for use of adhesive layer material, requires it flexible usually, chemical stability and Heat stability is good, and commonly used have hot melt adhesive, a pressure-sensitive melten gel etc.Cushion pad 6, its effect are to shield in the process that stores or transport, and when being applied on the carrier, can get rid of, and it has anticorrosion the material requirements of cushion pad, impact resistance, and material commonly used has synthetic paper, tinsel or plastics etc.Overlayer 8 (Fig. 6), its material is decided according to the application scenario of microarray reverberator, require it to have high transparent and pliability, it mainly acts on is that light wave to specific band plays anti-reflection effect, prevents the optical surface corrosion of reverberator simultaneously, scratch, wear out etc., material commonly used has organic glass, polycarbonate etc., for anti-reflection, also at the surface of material plating anti-reflection film magnesium fluoride (MgF
2) or silicon dioxide (SiO
2) etc.The manufacturing process of microarray reverberator: adopt ion-exchange technology such as (or the diffusion copolymerization that suspends) to process Maxwell's packaged lens that refractive index has (1) formula distribution form, distribution (rotational symmetry distribution or center symmetrical distribution etc.) form by design on preferred adhesive tape is closely arranged lenticule, and make the planar end surface of packaged lens mutually bonding with adhesive tape, vacuum coating.Cover with powerful adhesive plaster again; make hemispheroidal latter half be absorbed in powerful adhesive plaster fully; only expose hemispheroidal planar end surface; deviate from preceding adhesive tape; and powerful adhesive plaster sticked on the two-sided adhesion layer; little hemisphere array reflector, at last the beam incident optical face at reverberator covers the very thin high transparent protective film 8 of one deck.This microarray reverberator is sticked on the difform carrier by adhesion layer, form the array reflector of different shape.Microarray reverberator (as shown in Figure 8) for the little hemisphere mixed distribution of size, tighten solid matter row large micro-lenses at preferred adhesive tape earlier, and make the planar end surface of packaged lens mutually bonding with adhesive tape, inlay little little packaged lens again, also make the planar end surface of packaged lens mutually bonding with adhesive tape, vacuum coating covers with powerful adhesive plaster again, and adhesive tape promptly forms the array reflector of big or small little hemisphere mixed distribution before deviating from.For the reflex reflection rate that makes array reflector is tending towards maximum, should make preceding planar end surface (shown among Fig. 5,6 7) the optical direction unanimity of each little hemisphere, promptly planar end surface should be at grade.
In order to improve the reflex reflection rate of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector, can adopt the form of big or small little hemisphere mixed distribution, as shown in Figure 8.
Because little hemisphere diameter is more near lambda1-wavelength, its diffraction effect is strong more, and the reflex reflection rate of little hemisphere array reflector is with the increase of operating distance, and its amplitude that reduces is also big more.Therefore, the diameter of little hemisphere can not be too little, requires its value 10 times greater than lambda1-wavelength usually.
Fig. 9 has provided the variation of the normalized reflex reflection rate of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector with incident angle, and as can be seen from the figure, the variation range of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector incident angle is-90 °～90 °.And for existing ball graded index micropearl array reflector, its incident angle also changes with the distribution form of microballon, when microballon is closely arranged, and when diameter is even, the variation range of its incident angle is-60 °～60 °, because the phase mutual interference between microballon, under the situation of identical incident angle irradiation, its reflex reflection rate is less than the reflex reflection rate of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector.
Do not considering that medium absorbs and diffraction effect, under the light beam vertical incidence situation, radius is 0.5mm, the glass microballoon refractive index is 1.9997, the refractive index of the centre of Maxwell's packaged lens is 2, reflex reflection rate to the identical microarray reverberator of three kinds of distribution forms compares with the situation that operating distance changes, and obtains curve map as shown in figure 10.As can be seen from the figure, the reflex reflection rate of glass microballoon array reflector reduces rapidly with the increase of operating distance, the reflex reflection rate of ball graded index micropearl array reflector increases with operating distance and slightly reduces, and the reflex reflection rate of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector is constant.
Below be described of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; but these explanations can not be understood that to have limited scope of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is limited by the claims of enclosing, and any change of carrying out on claim of the present invention basis all is protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector, it is characterized in that each little packaged lens of array has the index distribution form of Maxwell's lens, the rear surface plating reflectance coating of Maxwell micro-semisphere lens, and embed in the adhesive linkage, adhesive linkage links to each other with adhesion layer.
2, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 1 is characterized in that there is cushion pad the rear surface of adhesion layer, and the plane of incidence of microarray reverberator has overlayer.
3, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sharp focus of parallel beam incident energy is on the later half sphere of Maxwell micro-semisphere lens.
4, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 1 is characterized in that the optical direction unanimity of little hemisphere.
5, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 1 and 2, the diameter that it is characterized in that the Maxwell micro-semisphere lens is greater than lambda1-wavelength.
6, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 5, the diameter that it is characterized in that the Maxwell micro-semisphere lens is greater than 10 times of lambda1-wavelength.
7, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the reflectance coating on the later half sphere of Maxwell micro-semisphere lens has properties of specular reflection.
8, Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector according to claim 2 is characterized in that overlayer has high transparent characteristic.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100902872A CN100349023C (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector |
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| CNB2005100902872A CN100349023C (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Maxwell micro-semisphere array reflector |
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| CN1713003A true CN1713003A (en) | 2005-12-28 |
| CN100349023C CN100349023C (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102508323A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-20 | 宁波长阳科技有限公司 | Composite reflective film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110779445A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-11 | 四川拉姆达科技有限公司 | Micro-structure target |
| CN114122732A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 南京理工大学 | Wide-angle retro-reflector based on secondary aspheric surface super-structured lens and preparation method thereof |
| CN114815010A (en) * | 2022-05-15 | 2022-07-29 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Lens array for 3D suspension imaging and device thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1017376B (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1992-07-08 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Lens and glass corpuscles combined retrogressive reflector |
| JP3787615B2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2006-06-21 | 防衛庁技術研究本部長 | Method and apparatus for nondestructive measurement of complex permittivity |
| JP4194607B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2008-12-10 | 有限会社ナカイ | Operation method of heating and stirring device for sweet food |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102508323A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-20 | 宁波长阳科技有限公司 | Composite reflective film and preparation method thereof |
| CN102508323B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-01-01 | 宁波长阳科技有限公司 | Composite reflective film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110779445A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-11 | 四川拉姆达科技有限公司 | Micro-structure target |
| CN114122732A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 南京理工大学 | Wide-angle retro-reflector based on secondary aspheric surface super-structured lens and preparation method thereof |
| CN114122732B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-09-03 | 南京理工大学 | Wide-angle retroreflector based on secondary aspheric super-structured lens and preparation method thereof |
| CN114815010A (en) * | 2022-05-15 | 2022-07-29 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Lens array for 3D suspension imaging and device thereof |
| CN114815010B (en) * | 2022-05-15 | 2024-02-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Lens array for 3D suspension imaging and device thereof |
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| CN100349023C (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190521 Address after: 150000 Heilongjiang Harbin Dalian economic and Trade Zone, the North Road and Xingkai Road intersection Patentee after: Harbin University of Technology Robot Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 150001 No. 92 West straight street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Patentee before: Harbin Institute of Technology |
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