CN1707847A - 可持续性浓差电池 - Google Patents

可持续性浓差电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1707847A
CN1707847A CN 200410048665 CN200410048665A CN1707847A CN 1707847 A CN1707847 A CN 1707847A CN 200410048665 CN200410048665 CN 200410048665 CN 200410048665 A CN200410048665 A CN 200410048665A CN 1707847 A CN1707847 A CN 1707847A
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salt
metal
semipermeable membrane
concentration cell
pass
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张治华
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Abstract

可持续性浓差电池所属的技术领域：能源；要解决的技术问题：能源循环使用；解决该问题的技术方案的要点：将分子动能直接转化为电能。主要用途：发电。

Description

可持续性浓差电池
技术领域：新能源
背景技术：电化学
发明内容：浓差电池是一种把分子动能转为电能的装置，在两种溶液之间加一张半透膜，只允许阳离子通过，阴离子不可通过，两种浓度的溶液不可中和，则浓差电池对外做功而不引起不可逆变化，可以持续对外做功(违反热力学第二定律)。举例如下：
用一张半透膜把1mol/dm3的CuSO4溶液与0.2mol/dm3的CuSO4溶液分开，半透膜只允许Cu2+离子通过，不允许SO4 2-离子通过；两边用Cu做电极。25℃时该浓差电池电动势计算：
Cu|CuSO4(1mol/dm3)‖CuSO4(0.2mol/dm3)|Cu
查表知25℃时φ°(Cu|Cu2+)＝0.337
      0.2mol/dm3CuSO4溶液中Γ±＝0.11
      1mol/dm3CuSO4溶液中Γ±＝0.047
电池a：(-)
       (+)
φ+＝φ°+2.3Rtlog(1×0.047)/F
φ-＝φ°+2.3Rtlog(0.2×0.11)/F
Ea＝φ++φ-
  ＝2.3Rt(log(1×0.047)-log(0.2×0.11))/F
  ＝0.05903322×0.33
  ＝0.019481(伏)
1mol Cu2+通过半透膜，该浓差电池共做功：
W＝6.022×1023×1.6×10-19×2×0.019481
 ＝3754.07(焦尔)
当电池内阻与外电阻相等时，该电池输出功率最大，此时1mol Cu2+通过半透膜，该浓差电池对外做功
W＝3754.07÷2
 ＝1877.04(焦尔)
假设在1877秒1mol Cu2+通过半透膜，则该电池输出功率为
P＝W/S＝1877.04/1877≈1(瓦)
1mol Cu(64克)可制作1瓦的电池，64千克Cu可制作1千瓦的电池，64吨Cu可制作1千千瓦的电池，64000吨Cu可制作1百万千瓦的电池
说明书附图为：可持续性浓差电池示意图。

Claims (1)

  1. “可持续性浓差电池”是利用溶液中离子扩散原理，在某一盐的不同浓度溶液之间加一张半透膜，半透膜只允许该盐的金属阳离子通过，阴离子不可通过，则在该半透膜两侧形成电压差；利用此电压差形成电池。而电极则使用该盐的阳离子的金属，则当负极金属消耗完后，交换电极则此电池可继续对外做功，总变化为可逆变化。所有的“可持续性浓差电池”具有以下特征
    a：溶液溶质为盐；
    b：该盐是可溶性的；
    c：该盐的金属阳离子比阴离子体积小；
    d：该盐含的金属可以做电极；
    e：半透膜只允许该盐的金属阳离子通过，阴离子不可通过；
    f：半透膜不导电。
CN 200410048665 2004-06-10 2004-06-10 可持续性浓差电池 Pending CN1707847A (zh)

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CN1707847A true CN1707847A (zh) 2005-12-14

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103321862A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2013-09-25 武汉大学 一种利用植物蒸腾作用进行发电的装置
CN103546061A (zh) * 2013-01-31 2014-01-29 安徽理工大学 一种浓差电池
CN105207526A (zh) * 2015-10-09 2015-12-30 孙学文 相变电池
CN105428089A (zh) * 2015-12-12 2016-03-23 大连理工大学 一种电容式浓差发电技术
CN105784814A (zh) * 2016-04-05 2016-07-20 东南大学 一种基于浓差电池原理的传感器
CN105870486A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-17 肖远科 一种可持续发电的浓差电池
WO2018018176A1 (zh) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 敬林 一种酸度差电池
CN109411834A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-01 五邑大学 一种基于浓度差的扩散电池

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103546061A (zh) * 2013-01-31 2014-01-29 安徽理工大学 一种浓差电池
CN103546061B (zh) * 2013-01-31 2019-06-14 安徽理工大学 一种浓差电池
CN103321862A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2013-09-25 武汉大学 一种利用植物蒸腾作用进行发电的装置
CN103321862B (zh) * 2013-06-24 2015-06-10 武汉大学 一种利用植物蒸腾作用进行发电的装置
CN105207526A (zh) * 2015-10-09 2015-12-30 孙学文 相变电池
CN105428089A (zh) * 2015-12-12 2016-03-23 大连理工大学 一种电容式浓差发电技术
CN105428089B (zh) * 2015-12-12 2018-08-14 大连理工大学 一种电容式浓差发电技术
CN105784814A (zh) * 2016-04-05 2016-07-20 东南大学 一种基于浓差电池原理的传感器
CN105870486A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-17 肖远科 一种可持续发电的浓差电池
WO2018018176A1 (zh) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 敬林 一种酸度差电池
CN109411834A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-01 五邑大学 一种基于浓度差的扩散电池

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