CN1701910A - Integral welding method for ensuring axiality of two side gudgeons in large sized structural member - Google Patents
Integral welding method for ensuring axiality of two side gudgeons in large sized structural member Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention relates to integration welding method for axiality of trunnions on two sides of large-scale constructional element and comprises following steps: segment and partitioning properly for the large-scale constructional element, preprepare the trunnion to trunnion block; use pre-drawn ground sample line, water level, frame level and ceiling hammer on the welding platform to find centers of two ends of every trunnion block and make four centers of two trunnions concentric; assemble sunlight-transparent sheet with small aperture and light source on one trunnion end to observe whether translucidus; use oil prop to adjust fine the trunnion block position till translucent; pre-assemble the segment and trunnion block and take integration welding. This invention solves the technical problem that the axiality of high precision can not or hard be processed on machine tool, cuts production cycle, simplifies technique and workpiece, and final comes to minimum of production cost.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to and can't or difficult on lathe, finish the large-sized structural parts that machined realizes that discontinuous position has degree of precision to require, and be applicable to that spacing is bigger on the same structure different parts have the large-sized structural parts welding method that requires than high-axiality or linearity, particularly relate to the integrated assembling and welding process that guarantees large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality.
(2) background technology
General box welding structural element, there are high-axiality or linearity requirement in its position, both sides, all be after the dress weldering is finished, adopt machine-tooled method to guarantee the required precision of its axiality or linearity, bigger for spacing on the same structure, after the large-sized structural parts dress weldering that finally requires coaxiality error in the scope of postwelding both sides gudgeon cylindrical end distance very big (generally surpass 10000mm) to be less than or equal to 1mm is finished, the machine of finishing on lathe again adds task, well imagine, if under the prerequisite that can operate, the axiality of gudgeon requires and can be guaranteed, to add task difficulty quite huge but existing equipment (machining equipment and supporting crane) is finished the integral structure component machine, and there is the frock design, unavoidable problem such as risk factor height during Hoisting Program is worked out and carried out, thereby the deficiency in economic performance that causes product, with low content of technology, do not have the value of " technology is exactly a productivity ".
(3) summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, be the large welded structures spare that requires than high-axiality or linearity to be arranged at the different parts that spacing is bigger on the same structure, adopt a kind of dress weldering, monitoring and detection method have not only guaranteed the dimension precision requirement of structure independent part position, also guaranteed simultaneously the requirement of relative positional accuracy, the whole back that forms reaches axiality or linearity high-precision requirement without mechanical process, the design of auxiliary mould when also having avoided machined simultaneously, reduced the making risk, improve the integrated assembling and welding process of the assurance large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality of work efficiency.
The technical scheme that adopts is:
Guarantee the integrated assembling and welding process of large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality, realize that described method needs following auxiliary equipment and instrument: light-passing board, perspective board, fabrication platform, buttress, square chest, spirit level, frame type level meter, ceiling hammer, tortoise shape are adjusted instrument, dial gauge, light source and printing opacity protection tube.
Guarantee the integrated assembling and welding process of large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality, comprise the following steps:
(1) large-sized structural parts is carried out equitable subsection, piecemeal, and be welded into segmental structure spare, gudgeon piece respectively.Clear perform each segmental structure spare and gudgeon piece comprise horizontal center line, vertically the cross centre line formed of center line and with the mark of the assembling cross centre line of its associated fitting;
(2) before large-sized structural parts one makeup weldering, establish the fine finishining of the both sides gudgeon cylindrical of through hole in the center of finishing has respectively, keep the machining benchmark line on two axle heads of each gudgeon, it is cross centre line, and the both sides gudgeon adorned respectively be welded in separately on the gudgeon piece, keep the gudgeon inner via hole not to be blocked;
(3) before large-sized structural parts one makeup weldering, make light-passing board and aperture perspective board.According to the both sides gudgeon axiality margin of tolerance, make the light-passing board that is provided with centre bore and obvious cross centre line mark is arranged.Light-passing board is divided into two kinds, and a kind of center bore is an axiality tolerance maximum, and another kind of center bore is an axiality tolerance peaked 1/2nd;
(4) according to the physical dimension of large-sized structural parts on fabrication platform, draw line-transect;
(5) ground line-transect cloth on fabrication platform of putting and draw in advance according to the segmental structure spare and the packaged welding position of gudgeon of large-sized structural parts does not have buttress;
(6) the both sides gudgeon piece that dress is welded is placed on the buttress of laying, employing be located at spirit level in the middle of the gudgeon piece position, both sides, respectively be located at frame type level meter on two gudgeons, be located at the ceiling hammer of each gudgeon two axial ends respectively, the two axial ends center of gudgeon on each gudgeon piece of centering, make four hearts of two gudgeons concentric, the technology controlling and process spacing of aligning two gudgeon outer shaft end faces on the gudgeon piece of both sides simultaneously;
(7) on the basis of two gudgeon centerings, all install the light-passing board of center bore by the cross centre line on two axial end of each gudgeon for axiality maximum allowance value 1/2nd, the cross centre line of light-passing board is overlapped with the cross centre line of gudgeon, and fixing and sealing with adhesive tape, simultaneously the gudgeon of source alignment one side is installed, the printing opacity protection tube is connected the inboard axle head and the sealing of two gudgeons;
(8) after the centering of both sides gudgeon piece and auxiliary equipment were installed, whether witness printing opacity.Can adopt during witness aperture on the perspective board from the gudgeon axle head of light source offside observe, again with the position of the trickle adjustment of hydraulic jack instrument both sides gudgeon piece, finally determine that with printing opacity both sides gudgeon axiality is qualified, be connected and fixed gudgeon piece and buttress, fabrication platform this moment, changing center bore at two gudgeons at last is axiality tolerance maximum light-passing board, and replacing center bore is the light-passing board of axiality tolerance maximum 1/2nd;
(9) after gudgeon piece in both sides is determined the position, segmental structure spare is placed on the buttress that fabrication platform lays pre-installs with both sides gudgeon piece, be placed with the tortoise shape that to finely tune segmental structure spare horizontal level under the power effect in the horizontal direction between its segmental structure spare and the buttress and adjust instrument, when the dress weldering, alleviate both sides gudgeon active force;
(10) after the prepackage of both sides gudgeon piece and segmental structure spare is finished, respectively close up mouthful place's while, begin to carry out one makeup weldering with the welding sequence of drawing up in advance in the edge respectively with same welding procedure with fast, same area by several welders.
Above-mentioned light-passing board is less than or equal to 1mm according to both sides gudgeon axiality tolerance, making center bore is that axiality maximum allowance value is four of Φ 1mm, making center bore is four of Φ 0.5mm for axiality maximum allowance value 1/2nd, and position degree, the surface smoothness in hole all has higher requirements on its light-passing board; Described perspective board is made one that has Φ 0.3mm aperture;
Above-mentioned segmental structure spare is during with the prepackage of both sides gudgeon pieces, closes up a mouthful place in segmental structure spare and gudgeon piece and goes up the tack welding board and be connected and fixed, and the butt joint clearance control is at≤3mm, and the slab unfitness of butt joint is controlled at≤5mm.
Consider the welding contracted quantity of every place weld seam when above-mentioned one makeup is welded, the level interval of two segmental structure spares adds 5-10mm from suitably strengthening by the size of technological requirement than pattern on the pattern size basis.
When welding, above-mentioned one makeup on two gudgeon pieces, placed at least ten dial gauges respectively, be used for monitoring the minor variations of two gudgeons in whole welding process, perform the table record of seeing of every period, observe perspective board simultaneously, observe the printing opacity situation, according to the variation tendency of gudgeon in welding process, the morpheme of controlling gudgeon by change welding sequence, welding operation method, welding capacity changes, and finally will satisfy the requirement of two gudgeon axialities.
The good effect that the present invention obtains is: the realization of this method one makeup weldering, not only solve large welded structures spare and had the technical problem that relative degree of precision requires, reduced difficulty of processing simultaneously, shortened the production cycle, simplified procedure, finally reached production cost and minimized.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a light-passing board sketch of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a perspective board sketch of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a gudgeon piece centering schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 arranges for dial gauge of the present invention and the aperture perspective board is observed schematic diagram.
(5) specific embodiment
Embodiment
Guarantee the integrated assembling and welding process of large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality, this method is applied in the making of converter trunnion ring, and converter trunnion ring is the box Welding Structure, and backing ring is formed by two gudgeon pieces and two fan-shaped segmental structure assembly weldings, sees Fig. 1.Gudgeon piece and fan-shaped segmental structure are respectively weldment, finally require the interior axiality tolerance of scope of postwelding two gudgeon outer face spacing 10000mm to be less than or equal to 1mm, reach the gudgeon axiality without mechanical process behind whole the formation and are less than or equal to 1mm.The structure of described converter trunnion ring realizes by the present invention.
Guarantee the integrated assembling and welding process of large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality, this method needs following auxiliary equipment and instrument: one group of light-passing board, perspective board 36, fabrication platform 7, buttress 16, square chest 17, spirit level 11,9,13, one groups of ceiling hammers of frame type level meter, tortoise shape are adjusted instrument 34, one group of dial gauge, light source 35 and printing opacity protection tube 28.
Guarantee the integrated assembling and welding process of large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality, comprise the following steps:
The converter trunnion ring of large scale structure is carried out segmentation, piecemeal, be divided into two sections fan-shaped segmental structure spares 1,4, be divided into two gudgeon pieces 2,3, and welding respectively, see Fig. 1.Will be clear that performing each segmental structure spare 1,4 comprises horizontal center line, the vertical mark of the assembling cross centre line that is connected with gudgeon 5,6 of the cross centre line formed of center line and gudgeon piece 2,3.
Before the converter trunnion ring one makeup weldering of large scale structure, establish the fine finishining of both sides gudgeon 5,6 cylindricals of through hole in the center of finishing has respectively, keep the machining benchmark line on 5,6 two axle heads of each gudgeon, it is cross centre line, and gudgeon 5,6 is welded on respectively separately on the gudgeon piece 2,3, keep gudgeon 5,6 inner via holes not to be blocked.
Before the one makeup weldering, make light-passing board and aperture perspective board, see Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.Consider that antirust ability reaches the absorption to light, light-passing board adopts stainless steel, and perspective board adopts the pale blue transparent plastic sheet.Be less than or equal to 1mm according to converter trunnion ring both sides gudgeon axiality, making is provided with centre bore and the light-passing board 8,10,12 of obvious cross centre line mark, 14 two kind is arranged, a kind of center bore is four of Φ 1mm, another kind of center bore is four of Φ 0.5mm, and the position degree of its centre bore, surface smoothness all have higher requirements.Make center bore and be 36 1 of the aperture perspective boards of Φ 0.3mm.
According to the converter trunnion ring size of large scale structure on fabrication platform 7, draw line-transect.
Lay buttress 16 on the fabrication platform 7 of the ground line-transect of putting and drawing in advance according to the fan-shaped segmental structure spare 1,4 of the converter trunnion ring of large scale structure and gudgeon piece 2,3 dress welding positions, see Fig. 5.
With the both sides gudgeon piece 2 that welds, 3 are placed on the buttress 16 of laying, use v block 15 below the wherein long gudgeon 2, buttress 16 supports, adopt available square chest 17 levelling spirit level 11 highly in the middle of both sides gudgeon piece 2 and gudgeon piece 3 positions, frame type level meter 9 on the gudgeon piece 2, frame type level meter 13 on the gudgeon piece 3, the ceiling hammer 18 at gudgeon 5 two ends, 19, the ceiling hammer 20 at gudgeon 6 two ends, the center, two ends of gudgeon 6 on the center, two ends of gudgeon 5 and the gudgeon piece 3 on 21 the method centering gudgeon piece 2, make two gudgeons 5,6 four hearts are concentric, align two gudgeons 5 simultaneously, the technology controlling and process spacing 10000+10mm of 6 outer shaft end faces.
Behind two gudgeons, 5,6 centerings; install the light-passing board 8,10,12,14 of center bore Φ 0.5mm respectively by two end face cross centre lines of gudgeon 5 and gudgeon 6; the cross centre line of each light-passing board is overlapped with corresponding gudgeon cross centre line; and fixing and sealing with adhesive tape; simultaneously light source 35 (auto lamp) is aimed at the gudgeon 6 of a side and installed, printing opacity protection tube 28 is connected the inboard axle head and the sealing of two gudgeons 5,6.
After the centering of both sides gudgeon piece and auxiliary equipment are installed, whether witness printing opacity, observe from gudgeon 5 axle heads of light source 35 offsides with aperture on the perspective board 36 during witness, again with the position of the trickle adjustment of hydraulic jack instrument both sides gudgeon piece 2,3, finally determine that with printing opacity both sides gudgeon axiality is qualified, be connected and fixed gudgeon piece 2,3 and buttress 16, fabrication platform 7 this moment, and changing center bore at two gudgeons 5,6 at last is Φ 1mm light-passing board, and replacing center bore is the light-passing board of Φ 0.5mm.
After both sides gudgeon piece 2,3 is determined positions, fan-shaped segmental structure 1,4 is placed on lays on the fabrication platform 7 on the good buttress and 2,3 prepackages of both sides gudgeon piece, material only simultaneously, the tack welding board connects, and requiring the butt joint gap is 3mm, and the slab unfitness of butt joint is 5mm.Can not bump gudgeon piece 2,3.Uniform tortoise shape is adjusted instrument 34 between fan-shaped segmental structure spare 1,4 and the buttress 16, tortoise shape is adjusted instrument 34 and can be finely tuned under external force (horizontal direction) effect, so the welding stress that produces when the integrated welding of postorder is more obvious to the effect of fan-shaped segmental structure spare, and the influence of gudgeon piece can suitably be reduced, therefore the axiality to gudgeon requires influence less.Consider the welding contracted quantity of every place weld seam, the level interval of two fan-shaped segmental structure spares should will add 8mm than the size of pattern requirement by technological requirement.
After gudgeon piece 2,3 and 1,4 prepackages of fan-shaped segmental structure spare are finished, implement integrated welding, by four welders respectively along respectively close up mouthful place simultaneously, begin same welding procedure with speed, same area and weld, the reasonably release of stress and control welding deformation effectively in the favourable welding process of welding sequence with the welding sequence of drawing up in advance.In integrated welding process, on two gudgeon pieces 2,3 and the inboard dial framework 27 that is provided with of gudgeon, place ten dial gauges 22,23,24,25,26,29,30,31,32,33 successively, seen Fig. 6.Ten dial gauges are used for monitoring the minor variations of two gudgeons 5,6 in whole welding process, and establish the special messenger and every two hours once see table record, observe aperture perspective board 36 printing opacity situations simultaneously, at any time understand the variation tendency of gudgeon in welding process, and control the morpheme of gudgeon and change the final integrated welding that realizes guaranteeing large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality by changing welding sequence, welding operation method, welding capacity.
Claims (5)
1, guarantee the integrated assembling and welding process of large-sized structural parts both sides gudgeon axiality, its feature comprises the following steps:
(1), large-sized structural parts is carried out equitable subsection, piecemeal, and be welded into segmental structure spare (1), (4), gudgeon piece (2), (3) respectively, clear perform each segmental structure spare (1), (4) and gudgeon piece (2), (3) comprise horizontal center line, vertically the center line composition cross centre line and with the mark of the assembling cross centre line of its associated fitting;
(2), before large-sized structural parts one makeup weldering, establish the both sides gudgeon (5) of through hole, the fine finishining of (6) cylindrical in the center of finishing has respectively, keep the machining benchmark line on each gudgeon (5), (6) two axle heads, it is cross centre line, and both sides gudgeon (5), (6) are adorned respectively be welded in separately on gudgeon piece (2), (3), keep gudgeon (5), (6) inner via hole not to be blocked;
(3), before large-sized structural parts one makeup weldering, make light-passing board and aperture perspective board, according to the both sides gudgeon axiality margin of tolerance, making is provided with centre bore and the light-passing board of obvious cross centre line mark (8), (10), (12), (14) is arranged, light-passing board is divided into two kinds, a kind of center bore is an axiality tolerance maximum, and another kind of center bore is an axiality tolerance peaked 1/2nd;
(4), according to the physical dimension of large-sized structural parts fabrication platform (7) go up draw line-transect;
(5), on fabrication platform, lay buttress (16) according to segmental structure spare (1), (4) and the gudgeon piece (2) of large-sized structural parts, the ground line-transect that (3) dress welding position is put and drawn in advance;
(6), the both sides gudgeon pieces (2) that dress is welded, (3) be placed on the buttress (16) of laying, employing is located at both sides gudgeon pieces (2), (3) spirit level (11) in the middle of the position, be located at two gudgeons (5) respectively, (6) the frame type level meter (9) on, (13), be located at each gudgeon (5) respectively, (6) ceiling hammer of two axial ends (18), (19), (20), (21), each gudgeon piece (2) of centering, (3) go up gudgeon (5), (6) two axial ends center, make two gudgeons (5), (6) four hearts are concentric, align both sides gudgeon pieces (2) simultaneously, (3) last two gudgeons (5), (6) the technology controlling and process spacing of outer shaft end face;
(7), on the basis of two gudgeon centerings, all install light-passing board (8), (10), (12), (14) of center bore by the cross centre line on each gudgeon (5), (6) two axial end for axiality maximum allowance value 1/2nd, the cross centre line of light-passing board is overlapped with the cross centre line of gudgeon, and fixing and sealing with adhesive tape, the gudgeon (6) of light source (35) being aimed at a side is installed simultaneously, printing opacity protection tube (28) is connected the inboard axle head and the sealing of two gudgeons (5), (6);
(8), after the centering of both sides gudgeon piece and auxiliary equipment are installed, whether witness printing opacity, can adopt perspective board (36) to go up aperture during witness observes from gudgeon (5) axle head of light source (35) offside, again with the trickle adjustment of hydraulic jack instrument both sides gudgeon pieces (2), (3) position, finally determine that with printing opacity both sides gudgeon axiality is qualified, this moment is with gudgeon piece (2), (3) with buttress (16), fabrication platform (7) is connected and fixed, at last in two gudgeons (5), (6) changing center bore is axiality tolerance maximum light-passing board, and replacing center bore is the light-passing board of axiality tolerance maximum 1/2nd;
(9), after the position is determined in both sides gudgeon piece (2), (3), segmental structure spare (1), (4) are placed on fabrication platform (7) lays good buttress (16) and goes up with both sides gudgeon pieces (2), (3) and pre-install, be placed with the tortoise shape that to finely tune segmental structure spare (1), (4) horizontal level under the power effect in the horizontal direction between its segmental structure spare (1), (4) and the buttress (16) and adjust instrument (34), when the dress weldering, alleviate both sides gudgeon pieces (2), (3) active force;
(10), after both sides gudgeon pieces (2), (3) finish with segmental structure spare (1), (4) prepackage, by several welders respectively along respectively close up mouthful place simultaneously, begin to carry out the one makeup with the welding sequence of drawing up in advance with speed, same area and weld with same welding procedure.
2, the integrated assembling and welding process of assurance large-sized structural parts according to claim 1 both sides gudgeon axiality, it is characterized in that described light-passing board (8), (10), (12), (14) are less than or equal to 1mm according to both sides gudgeon (5), (6) axiality tolerance, making center bore is that axiality maximum allowance value is four of Φ 1mm, making center bore is four of Φ 0.5mm for axiality maximum allowance value 1/2nd, and position degree, the surface smoothness in hole all have higher requirements on its light-passing board (8), (10), (12), (14); Described perspective board (36) is made one that has Φ 0.3mm aperture.
3, the integrated assembling and welding process of assurance large-sized structural parts according to claim 1 both sides gudgeon axiality, when it is characterized in that described segmental structure spare (1), (4) with both sides gudgeon pieces (2), (3) prepackage, closing up the last tack welding board in mouthful place in segmental structure spare (1), (4) with gudgeon piece (2), (3) is connected and fixed, the butt joint clearance control is at≤3mm, and the slab unfitness of butt joint is controlled at≤5mm.
4, the integrated assembling and welding process of assurance large-sized structural parts according to claim 1 both sides gudgeon axiality, it is characterized in that considering when described one makeup is welded the welding contracted quantity of every place weld seam, the level interval of two segmental structure spares (1), (4) adds 5-10mm from suitably strengthening by the size of technological requirement than pattern on the pattern size basis.
5, the integrated assembling and welding process of assurance large-sized structural parts according to claim 1 both sides gudgeon axiality, when it is characterized in that described one makeup weldering at two gudgeon pieces (2), (3) at least ten dial gauges have been placed on respectively, be used for monitoring two gudgeons (5), (6) minor variations in whole welding process, perform the table record of seeing of every period, observe perspective board (36) simultaneously, observe the printing opacity situation, according to gudgeon (5), (6) variation tendency in welding process, by changing welding sequence, the welding operation method, welding capacity is controlled gudgeon (5), (6) morpheme changes, and finally will satisfy two gudgeons (5), (6) requirement of axiality.
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JPS61232062A (en) * | 1985-04-08 | 1986-10-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Relay welding method for steel pipe pile and sheet pile |
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CN105382491A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-09 | 上海建工(江苏)钢结构有限公司 | Machining, manufacturing and inspection method of arc-shaped steel pipe column |
CN105382491B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-05-31 | 上海建工(江苏)钢结构有限公司 | The processing and fabricating and the method for inspection of arc-shaped steel tubing string |
CN106624322A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-10 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Heat isolation screen welding tool |
CN112129245A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 河钢乐亭钢铁有限公司 | Converter trunnion coaxiality measuring method based on laser tracker |
CN114273761A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 辽宁顺达机械制造(集团)有限公司 | Converter trunnion ring integrated welding method |
CN114770088A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-22 | 蚌埠凯盛工程技术有限公司 | Stacker big arm installation coaxiality guaranteeing method |
CN114770088B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-08-22 | 蚌埠凯盛工程技术有限公司 | Method for guaranteeing coaxiality of installation of large arm of stacker |
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