CN1699096A

CN1699096A - Electromagnetic speed buffer

Info

Publication number: CN1699096A
Application number: CN 200510025642
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏乐汉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-05-08
Filing date: 2005-05-08
Publication date: 2005-11-23

Abstract

This invention relates to an electromagnetic buffer speed device. It is composed of the left stator 1, the right stator 2 and the roller 3. The two stators nip the roller in the intermediate coaxially. The left stator is composed of the ring substrate4 and 2m (m=1,2,3...) uniform distribution electro-magnets 2, the right stator is composed of ring substrate5 and 2m uniform distribution electro-magnets; The roller is composed of the rotation shaft7, turntable6 and 2m magnetic core, which are inserted uniformly on it. The ring substrate, the electro-magnet magic core and the roller magic core are made of the high magnetic permeability materials, and the turntable is made of the high conductance materials. The electro-magnet polarities on the stator arrange mutually. When the electro-magnet is electric and the roller rotates, the magnetic line through the magic core automatically, which produces lots of current in the high conductance turntable, wherein the current exhausts the vehicle's kinetic energy to make the vehicle slow speed. The materials of the conductivity and permeability in the buffer speed device are different, which makes the magneto-resistive and the resistance small enough, and the stir distributes equally in the whole thickness direction of the turntable, and the braking torque is great.

Description

Electromagnetic retarder

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic retarder.Be particularly related to the electromagnetic retarder that a kind of conduction and magnetic conduction are served as by different materials.

Background technology

Mechanical brake on the vehicle is the life-span weak point not only, easily make the wheel heating, influence wheel life even vehicle safety, therefore current vortex retarder (claiming electricity to stop again) is widely adopted as auxiliary braking recently, to improve braking effect, reduce the wearing and tearing of mechanical brake device, reduce the automotive servicing expense and increase safety.

The structure of existing current vortex retarder all is stator that some electromagnet are housed of two ferromagnetics rotor folders basically.In this retarder, the rotor of being made by ferromagnetics had both been born the magnetic conduction task and had also been born the conduction task.Though the magnet conductivity of iron is good, electric conductivity is relatively poor, and this has limited current vortex, thereby has limited lock torque.In addition, in the existing current vortex retarder, because ferromagnetics rotor magneto-conductivity is higher, magnetic line of force only enters the thin layer of rotor near the inside face of stator one side, so current vortex also only flows in this thin layer.This not only makes the current vortex passage sections reduce.And big more the closer to the rotor portion magnetic flux density of stator electromagnet, current vortex is also big more.Therefore produce localized hyperthermia at rotor inner surface near stator.This not only easily roasting bad coil, and temperature rise is multiplied the electrical resistivity of iron rotor.This makes eddy current reduce conversely, further weakens braking effect.Existing in addition current vortex retarder also has weight big, loading and unloading difficulty, shortcomings such as price height.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lock torque big, rotor heating is even, and is simple in structure, in light weight, the electromagnetic retarder that price is low.

The present invention adopts the structure of a rotor of two stator clamp, rather than the structure of a stator of existing two rotors folder.Stator is done substrate by the soft-magnetic material of high permeability, uniform 2m on the reference circle of substrate (m=1,2,3......) individual electromagnet.Each electromagnet is partly formed by two: magnetic core that high permeability soft magnetic material is made and the coil that is enclosed within on the magnetic core.Adjacent two electromagnet polarity are opposite in the same stator.Substrate is a ring-type, and substrate is used for fixing electromagnet, also is the part of magnetic circuit.Two coaxial relative installations of stator, and be in attracting state.Rotor by rotating disk and 2m the rotor magnetic core that evenly is embedded on the rotating disk reference circle form.Rotating disk is made by high conductivity material, and rotor magnetic core is made by high permeability soft magnetic material.The rotor magnetic core of high permeability plays the magnetic conduction effect, and the rotor rotating disk of high conductivity plays electric action.With different materials serve as the conduction and magnetic conduction not only satisfy the little requirement of magnetic resistance but also satisfy the little requirement of resistance, this is a principal character of the present invention.In the present invention, magnetic circuit is very closed: magnetic flux line a certain stator core from the left stator, through air gap, cooresponding rotor magnetic core on rotor, again through an air gap, add the magnetic flux of a corresponding stator core on the right stator, through right stator substrate, add the magnetic flux of adjacent stators magnetic core on the right stator, through air gap, adjacent rotors magnetic core on rotor is again through air gap again, add the magnetic flux of adjacent stators magnetic core on the left stator, after the left stator core that sets out is got back in left stator substrate.So 4 stator cores are arranged, 2 rotor magnetic cores and 2 air gaps (magnetic flux line through each air gap twice) in the magnetic circuit.Three calibration circle diameters recited above equate, and are on the same cylinder.

The working process of this electromagnetic retarder is: when rotor rotation and during the electromagnet no power, and the basic non-resistance of rotor.After the electromagnet energising, all stator cores all become electromagnet.Because rotor rotation, the magnetic flux alternate in the rotor magnetic core, thus the rotating disk around rotor magnetic core partly produces vortex-like electric current (also can produce eddy current in the rotor magnetic core, but less).Because rotating disk conductivity water temperature and depth height, so eddy current is big, lock torque is big.Again because rotor magnetic core and rotating disk uniform thickness, thus Eddy Distribution on whole rotating disk thickness, thereby make the rotating disk heating even, avoided local overheating.This is another feature of this electromagnetic retarder.Increase rotating disk thickness, disk diameter and the electric current that increases in the electromagnet can make lock torque increase.

This electromagnetic retarder forms flux circuit by high permeability material, forms current return by high conductive material, and current vortex is distributed on the whole rotating disk thickness, so eddy current is big, and lock torque is also big, and evenly heating on the whole rotating disk thickness, avoids local overheating.See also that from foregoing description its structure is simpler, in light weight, price is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is this electromagnetic retarder structural representation, the left stator of 1 representative among the figure, and the right stator of 2 representatives, 3 represent rotor.7 represent rotating shaft, at the bottom of the cyclic group of the left stator of 4 representatives, at the bottom of the cyclic group of the right stator of 5 representatives.6 represent the rotor rotating disk.101-105 represents the magnetic core of electromagnet on the left stator, and 401-405 represents the corresponding coil that is enclosed within on the magnetic core 101-105; The magnetic core of the right stator electromagnet of 201,205,206,207,208 representatives, 501.The corresponding coil that is enclosed within on the magnetic core of 505,506,507,508 representatives; Epitrochanterian two rotor magnetic cores of 301 and 305 representatives, 601 and 602 represent air gap.For drawing for purpose of brevity, the rotating disk 6 of Fig. 1 rotor 3 is cross-hatching not.N represents the arctic, and S represents the South Pole.

The front elevation of the left stator of Fig. 2 (a) representative.The left stator of 1 representative is overall.4 represent at the bottom of the cyclic group, and 11 represent reference circle, and 101-108 represents stator core, and 401-408 represents coil.The axial cutaway view that the left stator of Fig. 2 (b) representative is cut open along the A-A face.

The front elevation of the right stator of Fig. 3 (a) representative, 2 represent stator overall, and 5 represent at the bottom of the cyclic group, and 12 represent reference circle.201-208 represents stator core, and 501-508 represents coil.The axial cutaway view that the right stator of Fig. 3 (b) representative is cut open along B-B.

Fig. 4 (a) represents the rotor front elevation.3 represent rotor overall, and 6 represent the rotor rotating disk, and 13 represent reference circle, and 7 represent rotating shaft, and the 301-308 representative is embedded in the rotor magnetic core on the reference circle.The axial cutaway view that Fig. 4 (b) cuts open along C-C for rotor.

Fig. 5 representative is cut electromagnetic retarder open the back expansion drawing by three reference circle 11,12,13 cylinders that surrounded.Purpose is to show its magnetic flux line loop.Thick line is represented magnetic line of force among Fig. 5.For making drawing succinct, figure turntable 6 is cross-hatching not.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment is described.Fig. 1 is the axial cutaway view of this electromagnetic retarder, mainly comprises three parts: left stator 1, right stator 2 and rotor 3.The same axle mounting of this three, the electromagnet of left and right sides stator are relatively and be in attracting state.Leave gap 601 and 602 between rotor and the stator.When the electromagnet no power, rotor is free to rotate.

Divide three parts to describe its structure in more detail below.

Fig. 2 (a) is the front elevation of left stator, the axial cutaway view that Fig. 2 (b) cuts open along A-A for left stator.Left side stator comprises at the bottom of the cyclic group 4, along the uniform electromagnet magnetic core 101-108 of reference circle 11 and be enclosed within coil 401-408 on the magnetic core.A stator core adds the coil that is enclosed within on the magnetic core and forms described electromagnet.On the stator quantity of electromagnet be 2m (m=1,2,3......) individual.Electromagnet among Fig. 2 is 8, i.e. m=4, and the polarity of these electromagnets is alternately arranged along reference circle.N represents the arctic among the figure, and S represents the South Pole.

Fig. 3 (a) is the front elevation of right stator 2, the cutaway view that Fig. 3 (b) cuts open along B-B for right stator.Right stator comprises at the bottom of the cyclic group 5, along the uniform stator core 201-208 of reference circle 12 and be enclosed within coil 501-508 on the stator core.Electromagnet quantity also be 2m (m=1,2,3......) individual, the polarity of electromagnet is alternately arranged along reference circle.

Fig. 4 (a) is the front elevation of rotor 3, the axial cutaway view of Fig. 4 (b) for cutting open along C-C.Rotor 3 comprises rotating shaft 7, rotating disk 6 and evenly be embedded in rotor magnetic core 301-308 on the rotating disk along rotating disk reference circle 13, and the thickness of rotor magnetic core equates with rotating disk thickness and imbeds in the rotating disk fully.

Above-mentioned parts should satisfy following requirement: the magnetic core of stator axially aligns about during installation, and the electromagnet on the stator of the left and right sides all attracts each other; The equal diameters of three reference circles 11,12,13, and be on the same cylinder; All stator core 101-108,201-208 and rotor magnetic core 301-308 adopt high permeability soft magnetic material; Rotating disk 6 adopts high conductivity material.

Slow process is described below:

After rotor was not transferred the electromagnet energising, the magnetic flux line loop of formation as shown in Figure 5.Fig. 5 is by reference circle 11,12, and situation about launching again after 13 cylinders that surrounded are cut open is to show the magnetic flux line loop.For example certain magnetic flux line move towards as follows: the right stator core 202-of the right stator core 201-of left stator core 101-air gap 601-rotor magnetic core 301-air gap 602-right stator ring-type substrate 5-air gap 602-rotor magnetic core 302-left side stator core 102-left side stator ring-type substrate 4-left side stator core 101, finish the loop.4 sources of magnetic flux (101,201,202,102) are arranged in this flux circuit, and two magnetic conduction rotor magnetic cores (301,302) add 2 narrow air gaps 601,602 (each is through twice).Because the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance is little, so form high magnetic flux density easily.Other flux circuits are similar.

When rotor rotates, for example rotor magnetic core 301 rotates to former 302 position, then the magnetic flux in 301 changes to from right to left through zero passage from left to right, and this flux change partly generates electric current (part induced current is also arranged) at the rotating disk around magnetic core 301 in rotor magnetic core.The situation of other rotor magnetic cores is similar.These induced current consume the kinetic energy of vehicle, make car retardation.Because flux change is fast, rotating disk 6 is made by high conductivity material again, so induced current is big, lock torque is just big as a result.Again because rotor magnetic core and rotating disk uniform thickness, so eddy current is uniformly distributed on the thickness of rotating disk, makes and generate heat evenly on the thickness direction of rotating disk, localized hyperthermia can not appear.

Embodiment 2. is with the axial superimposed formation multilayer electromagnetic retarder of several above-mentioned electromagnetic retarders.

Claims

1, a kind of electromagnetic retarder.Form by rotor 3, left stator 1 and right stator 2.It is characterized in that: about two stators press from both sides a rotor coaxially; Left side stator comprises at the bottom of the cyclic group that a slice made by high permeability soft magnetic material 4 and be distributed in 2m electromagnet on the reference circle 11 of substrate 4; Right stator comprises at the bottom of the cyclic group that a slice made by high permeability materials 5 and be distributed in 2m electromagnet on the reference circle 12 of substrate 5; Each electromagnet comprises an electric high permeability soft magnetic material magnetic core of making and the coil that is enclosed within on this magnetic core; The alternating polarity of the electromagnet on each stator is arranged, about two stators be in attracting state; Rotor comprises rotating shaft 7,2m the magnetic core of being made by high permeability soft magnetic material on rotating disk of being made by high conductivity material 6 and the reference circle 13 that evenly is embedded in rotating disk 6; Again with electromagnet energising, the magnetic flux alternate in the rotor magnetic core then, thereby generate big electric current in the rotating disk zone around the magnetic core causes vehicle energy or the dissipation of other mechanical kinetic energies of linking to each other with rotating shaft when rotor rotation.

2, the electromagnetic retarder according to claim 1 is characterized in that m is a natural number.

3, the electromagnetic retarder according to claim 1 is characterized in that the equal diameters of each reference circle 11,12,13 and is positioned on the same cylinder.