CN1698996A - Method for preparing particle reinforced Fe-C composite material with big section and high volume fraction - Google Patents
Method for preparing particle reinforced Fe-C composite material with big section and high volume fraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN1698996A CN1698996A CN 200410010296 CN200410010296A CN1698996A CN 1698996 A CN1698996 A CN 1698996A CN 200410010296 CN200410010296 CN 200410010296 CN 200410010296 A CN200410010296 A CN 200410010296A CN 1698996 A CN1698996 A CN 1698996A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method for preparing a composite material, which comprises the following steps: a) adding the molten Fe-C base alloy and preheated enhancing particles to the permanent mold which is rotated with horizontal shaft in high speed, and forming ring hybrid body after mixing in the eccentric field; b) by the density contrast of enhancing particles and Fe-C base alloy liquid, the enhancing particles will remove outside or inside along the circle, forming the out-shell or core of the composite material and the constructional parts. The thickness of composite layer can be controlled according to the requirement; the enhancing particles are distributed evenly, and its volume fraction can be limited 50-85vol%; the base alloy and its tissue can be designed, and it can be recycle used.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to the technology of preparing of metallic composite, that relate generally to is a kind of preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite that adds.
Background technology
Metal-base composites (MMC:Metal Matrix Composites) though 30 years of development history are only arranged, had demonstrated great vitality as a kind of new material of 21 century already.Metal-base composites is compared with polymer matrix composite has following characteristics: elevated temperature strength is good; High transverse strength; Thermal conductivity preferably, linear expansion coefficient is little, the institutional framework good stability; Anticorrosive; Can weld; And can local strengthening, therefore, metal-base composites, particularly ceramic particle reinforced metal base composites (PMMC) have more attraction.The composite construction that industrial many parts are made up of high hardness wear-resisting surfacing and tough core material.Especially those working surfaces stand the intermittently rotary part of corrosiveness, for example, and roll (ring), parts such as rolling guide.WC has good wear resistance as a kind of superhard material, can be used as working surface, and core is with the good ferrous materials of obdurability, with the impact of opposing plus load.Many technology provide the machine part by WC material covering surfaces.Metal-base composites research is many to be many with non-ferrous metal based composites such as aluminium, magnesium, zinc, copper, and to traditional ferrous materials because its fusing point height, than great, specific strength is little, manufacturing process complexity etc. are restricted the research of iron base composite material, along with developing rapidly of industry, ratio of performance to price requirement to material is more and more higher, and the part of working under the high temperature and high speed abrasive conditions proposes higher requirement to ferrous materials.It is that ceramic particle is joined in the Fe-C alloy substrate to improve its elastic modelling quantity, hardness, wearability and high-temperature behavior that big section particle strengthens the Fe-C composite, make its be applied to resemble roll (ring) at high temperature, at a high speed, the parts of working in the wear-resisting environment.
Roll (collars) adopts composite structure usually, for example, and the worksheet surface layer of high chromium cast iron (steel) or high Ci-Ni infinitely chilled ductile cast iron and high tough core.But the high temperature abrasion resistance of this composite construction roll (collars) can not satisfy line, the requirement of bar mill high speed.External late nineteen eighties, domestic the early 1990s, the high-speed rod-rolling mill collars of employing tungsten carbide particle (WC) and cobalt (Co) powder metallurgy, raw material and processing cost are quite high, cost an arm and a leg (about 500 yuan/kilogram), stock utilization extremely low (less than 30%) can not recycling; Simultaneously, be not suitable for producing the big roll (collars) of large-scale and middle active length.Middle nineteen nineties, Sweden Sandvik AB adopts OSPREY method jet deposition (spraydeposition) to make high-carbon (3%) high-speed steel (6%Co, 8%V, 6%Cr, 4%Mo, finishing bar mill collars (external diameter 345mm 7%W), internal diameter 180mm, hardness HRC60), it costs an arm and a leg, for example, the Co price is 10 times of W, China Cr, Mo, V resource comparatively lack, and this complex process, are unfavorable for producing in enormous quantities.The early 1990s, Japan adopts high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) HIP (hot isostaicpressing) manufactured wire finishing mill high-carbon (2.5%) high-speed steel (10%Co, 8%V, 4%Cr, 4.7%Mo, 13.7%W) powder metallurgy roll.Late nineteen nineties, China's Iron and Steel Research Geueral Inst is also studied with high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) (HIP) manufactured high carbon high-speed steel powder metallurgy composite roll.But the HIP method only is applicable to small-sized roll, and production cost is higher, apparatus expensive, manufacturing process complexity.Domestic Liu people's research such as shine, and permitted people's research such as grand celebration, be surface cast-infiltration thin layer (3-5mm) WCp/Fe-C composite, can not satisfy the high-speed rod collars and repeatedly repeat to revise grinding roller.People such as domestic king's bounties study gunite and make the WCp/Fe-C composite, and core still is a composite, complicated process of preparation, and the manufacturing cost height can not recycling.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention promptly is to propose a kind of preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite that adds,
Preparation method proposed by the invention is: the Fe-C matrix alloy of heat fused and the enhancing particle of preheating are added simultaneously in the metal mold that trunnion axis rotates at a high speed, high temperature Fe-C matrix alloy liquid mixes the back with the enhancing particle of preheating and forms annular mixture in centrifugal field, utilize the density contrast that strengthens between particle and the Fe-C alloy liquid, make to strengthen particle outside or inwardly migration along annular radial, formation strengthens the skin of particle/Fe-C composite or the composite structural element of internal layer and Fe-C alloy substrate.
For obtaining the composite layer of high-volume fractional, the centrifugal force rotating speed of metal mold is greater than 1200rpm, and Fe-C matrix alloy pouring temperature is greater than 1400 ℃.
Enhancing particle of the present invention is preheating under protective atmosphere more than 300 ℃ before mixing, to reduce to strengthen the chilling effect of particle, guarantee the enhancing particle abundant migration and with the metallurgical binding of matrix alloy.
The inwall of metal mold has heat-insulation layer, can effectively stop heat to scatter and disappear from casting mold in preparation process, reduces the cooling velocity of fusion matrix alloy, help strengthening particle migration and with the combining of matrix alloy.
The preparation method that the present invention proposes can prepare section greater than 20mm, and the high abrasion of volume fraction 50-85% strengthens the composite annular parts of particle/Fe-C composite work layer and Fe-C alloy substrate composition, and the parts of preparation do not have casting, crack defect.
The inventive method can be used for preparing wear parts under the high temperature and high speed operating mode, as high-speed line, bar mill roll (ring), parts such as high speed scroll guide and guard.The present invention compares with other preparation method, has the following advantages:
1, the thickness of composite layer can be controlled arbitrarily according to instructions for use.
2, strengthen even particle distribution in the composite layer, volume fraction can be controlled at 50-85vol% according to performance requirement.
3, matrix alloy and tissue thereof can design.
4, composite work layer material utilization rate height (greater than 95%), but matrix alloy recycling.
5, production technology is simple, and preparation cost is low.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is composite annular parts preparation facilities structural representation of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the radial section figure of prepared annular element.
Accompanying drawing 3 is a WCp distribution map in the prepared parts composite layer.
Among the figure, 1, motor, 2, speed changer, 3, metal mold, 4, heat-insulation layer, 5, Fe-C matrix alloy molten mass and strengthen granulate mixture, 6, strengthen the particle introducing device, 7, matrix alloy introduces running channel, 8, casting ladle.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provide the embodiment of the invention:
The embodiment of the invention provides the preparation of the composite construction annular element of WCp/Fe-C composite skin and core Fe-C alloy substrate composition: the Fe-C matrix alloy that in the preparation process intermediate frequency furnace is melted, its composition range is 2.5～3.5%C, 1.0～2.0%Si,＜0.8%Mn, 1.0～1.6%Cr, 3～4%Ni, 0.2～0.5%Mo, S.P≤0.08,0.005～0.008%RE, surplus is an iron, 1500 ℃ come out of the stove after, be of a size of the enhancing particle of 100～200 μ m with preheating: add simultaneously in the cylindrical metal casting mold 3 that trunnion axis rotates at a high speed, rotating speed is 1400rpm.The enhancing particle of this embodiment is tungsten carbide particle WCp, metal mold has heat-insulation layer 4, metal mold 3 drives rotation at a high speed by motor 1 by speed changer 2, introduce running channel 7 through the high temperature Fe-C matrix alloy liquid that casting ladle 8 pours into by matrix alloy, in centrifugal field, mix the back with the preheating WC particle that strengthens 6 distribution of particle introducing device and form annular mixture 5, wherein, matrix alloy is introduced running channel 7 front ends and is stretched in the metal mold, it stretches into part and has the lateral openings groove that Fe-C matrix alloy liquid is flowed out, and matrix alloy liquid is gone in the metal mold along the lateral openings concentrated flow; Strengthen the particle introducing device and mainly comprise the pipeline of adjustable throttle amount and the granule dispenser of front end, strengthening particle is introduced in the granule dispenser by pipeline, the front end of granule dispenser extend in the metal mold, the bottom of its front end has a plurality of dispensing orifices, so that be spread in the metal mold with heat-insulation layer after strengthening particle and Fe-C alloy liquid evenly mixing in the casting mold of rotation, form annular mixture 5 in centrifugal field, WC particle is because density (17.6g/cm
3) greater than Fe-C alloy liquid density (7.1g/cm
3) and move to skin along annular radial, form the composite construction annular element of WCp/Fe-C composite skin and core Fe-C alloy substrate.
Embodiment 2:
Its preparation method is with embodiment 1, strengthens particle and adopts titanium carbide (TiC) particle, and the TiC particle is with after Fe-C alloy liquid evenly mixes, the annular mixture 5 of formation in centrifugal field, and the TiC particle is owing to its density (4.93g/cm
3) less than Fe-C alloy liquid density (7.1g/cm
3) and move to internal layer along annular radial, form the composite construction annular element of TiCp/Fe-C composite inner and outer Fe-C alloy substrate.
As shown in Figure 2, the composite construction annular element radial section of preparation is analyzed, WCp/Fe-C composite layer thickness is greater than 20mm, the composite layer thickness can strengthen the particle addition by control and be controlled, the WCp volume fraction is greater than 70% in the composite layer, and the WCp volume fraction can be controlled at 70-85% by centrifuge speed.
Among the preparation method of the present invention, it strengthens particle and can be ceramic particle, metallic particles, as WCp, TiC, VC, SiC, Al
2O
3, ferrochrome powder, ferrotungsten powder, titanium-iron powder, ferro-niobium powder etc.
Its heat-insulation layer 4 is the sand mold heat-insulation layer in the metal mold, and its thickness is generally 20-40mm.
Claims (8)
1, a kind ofly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite, it is characterized in that: the Fe-C matrix alloy of heat fused and the enhancing particle of preheating are added simultaneously in the metal mold that trunnion axis rotates at a high speed, high temperature Fe-C matrix alloy liquid mixes the back with the enhancing particle of preheating and forms annular mixture in centrifugal field, utilize the density contrast that strengthens between particle and the Fe-C alloy liquid, make to strengthen particle outside or inwardly migration along annular radial, formation strengthens the skin of particle/Fe-C composite or the composite structural element of internal layer and Fe-C alloy substrate.
2, according to claim 1ly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite, it is characterized in that: the centrifugal force rotating speed of metal mold (3) is greater than 1200rpm.
3, according to claim 1ly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite, it is characterized in that: the pouring temperature of described Fe-C matrix alloy is greater than 1400 ℃.
4, according to claim 1ly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite, it is characterized in that: described enhancing particle is preheating to more than 300 ℃ under protective atmosphere before mixing.
5, according to claim 1ly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite, it is characterized in that: described enhancing particle is a ceramic material.
6, add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that: described enhancing particle is WC particle, TiC particle, VC particle, SiC particle, Al
2O
3Particle.
7, according to claim 1ly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite, it is characterized in that: described enhancing particle is a metal material.
8, describedly add the preparation method that particle strengthens big section high-volume fractional Fe-C composite according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that: described enhancing particle is ferrochrome powder, ferrotungsten powder, titanium-iron powder, ferro-niobium powder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100102961A CN1322949C (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2004-05-21 | Method for preparing particle reinforced Fe-C composite material with big section and high volume fraction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100102961A CN1322949C (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2004-05-21 | Method for preparing particle reinforced Fe-C composite material with big section and high volume fraction |
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|---|---|
| CN1698996A true CN1698996A (en) | 2005-11-23 |
| CN1322949C CN1322949C (en) | 2007-06-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101338708B (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-06-02 | 重庆大学 | Local granule reinforced piston and its manufacture method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3941181A (en) * | 1972-05-17 | 1976-03-02 | Stoody Company | Process for casting faced objects using centrifugal techniques |
| JPH05228601A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-09-07 | Kubota Corp | Manufacture of skin roll in galvannealing equipment |
| US5228494A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1993-07-20 | Rohatgi Pradeep K | Synthesis of metal matrix composites containing flyash, graphite, glass, ceramics or other metals |
| RO116363B1 (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 2001-01-30 | Institutul Naţional De Cercetare Dezvoltare Pentru Fizică Tehnică - Ift | Process and device for casting particle-dispersion composite materials |
| CN1093014C (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-10-23 | 北京盛康宁科技开发有限公司 | Technology for making composite cast tube with liner of microcrystal glass |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101338708B (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-06-02 | 重庆大学 | Local granule reinforced piston and its manufacture method |
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