CN1693321A - Process for preparing rubber of high cis 1,4 polybutadiene Ni-Mg-beta catalyzing system - Google Patents
Process for preparing rubber of high cis 1,4 polybutadiene Ni-Mg-beta catalyzing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A Ni-Mg-B catalyst system for preparing the high-maleinoid cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber features that the alkyl magnesium compound is used as its alkylating agent, and changing its consumption can regulate the molecular weight of polybutadiene product without changing its cis-1,4 structure and performance.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to the macromolecule chemical industry field, and catalyzed polymerization prepares high-cis 1 rubber.
The preparation method of background technology high-cis 1 rubber generally adopts solution method, and catalyzer is divided into nickel system, titanium system, cobalt system, rare earth system etc. according to the transition metal difference.Nickel system prepares the method for high-cis 1, and scholar both domestic and external has carried out a large amount of explorations.
United States Patent (USP) 3170907 is disclosed to be that Japanese Bridgestone company at first develops, adopt soluble nickel compound, boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex and triethyl aluminum to form catalyst system, (be called for short Ni-B-Al ternary system), prepare the method for high-cis polybutadiene as solvent with aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene or dimethylbenzene).Bridgestone company discloses in the public clear 42-14456 of spy, adds divinyl in three component system, forms the quaternary system of Ni-B-Al-divinyl, is that solvent prepares high-cis polybutadiene with aromatic hydrocarbons.United States Patent (USP) 3985941 discloses Goodyear company and has adopted the mixture of nickel octoate, boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex and hydrogen fluoride etherate and the three-element catalytic system that triisobutyl aluminium is formed, and prepares the method for high-cis polybutadiene as solvent with benzene.These above preparation high-cis polybutadiene methods all are to regulate molecular weight by the ratio of Al and B in the adjusting catalyst system.
In addition, United States Patent (USP) 0020045721 discloses a kind of nickel catalyst system, and this method adopts zinc ethyl to replace aluminum alkyls as alkylating reagent, forms Ni-B-Zn three-element catalytic system and prepares high-cis polybutadiene.And regulate the molecular weight of polyhutadiene by the add-on of regulating zinc ethyl.
Yet, more than these control the method for molecular weight in preparing high-cis 1 process, all exist such as: along shortcomings such as the declines of 1,4 content, transformation efficiency reduction, polymerization process instability.Therefore, these methods all need to be improved in industrializing implementation process subsequently.
The objective of the invention is to adopt a kind of new nickel-magnesium-boron multiple catalyzing system, control the molecular weight of high-cis 1, improve poly-and reactive activity, and keeping higher along 1,4-formula structural content makes product have good processing properties and mechanical property.
Summary of the invention the present invention with " Bd " expression, uses " Ni " to represent the component carboxylic acid nickel salt in the catalyst system polymerization single polymerization monomer divinyl, alkyl magnesium compound " Mg " expression, and boron trifluoride and complex compound thereof are represented with " B ".Therefore, formed the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system by carboxylic acid nickel salt (Ni), alkyl magnesium compound (Mg) and boron trifluoride or its complex compound (B).Alkyl magnesium becomes key character of the present invention as alkylating reagent and molecular weight regulator.
The technical scheme that Ni-Mg-B catalyst system of the present invention prepares high-cis 1 rubber is:
At first, 1,3-butadiene and polymer solvent are mixed, stir, and it is preheating to polymerization temperature; Carboxylic acid nickel salt, alkyl magnesium compound and boron trifluoride or its complex compound are carried out ageing under the situation that has or do not have 1,3-butadiene to exist; The add-on of each component is in the catalyst system: the mol ratio of Ni/Bd is (0.8-3.0) * 10
-5: 1, the mol ratio of Mg/Bd is (1.0-15.0) * 10
-5: 1, the mol ratio of Mg/B is (0.2-3.0): 1; Aged temperature is controlled at 0～60 ℃, and digestion time was controlled at 5 minutes to 5 hours; Ageing liquid is added in the good butadiene solution of preheating causes divinyl and carry out 1, the polymerization of 4-cis; Polymerization temperature is controlled at 60～120 ℃, reacts 1.5 hours.Add ethanol and 2 at last, 6-di-t-butyl-4 methylphenol, with the devaporation of glue water, drying makes the high-cis 1 with glue.
Of the present invention 1, the 3-method for polymerizing butadiene, adopt carboxylic acid nickel salt, alkyl magnesium compound, boron trifluoride or its complex compound to form the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system, the ageing mode of catalyst system can adopt respectively: the ageing of Bd-Ni-Mg-B quaternary, Ni-Mg ageing, rare B singly add, the ageing of Ni-Mg-B ternary, the ageing of Ni-B-Mg ternary, ageing of Mg-B-Ni ternary and Mg-Ni, the two binary ageings of Mg-B.Join then and generate spike initiation polymerizing butadiene in the polymerization system.
The carboxylic acid nickel salt is the mixture that is selected from two to three kinds of nickel naphthenate, nickel acetate, nickel octoate or they
Alkyl magnesium is to be selected from magnesium ethide, dipropyl magnesium, organo-magnesium compounds such as di-n-butyl magnesium, diisobutyl magnesium.
Boron trifluoride complex is to be selected from boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex or boron trifluoride ether complex.
Polymer solvent is aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbon or its mixture that is in a liquid state when being selected from polymerization, such as raffinate oil, one-component or its mixture of hexane, heptane, hexanaphthene, benzene, toluene.
Polymerizing butadiene can adopt intermittent mode or continuous mode to carry out, and polymeric reaction temperature is controlled at 60～120 ℃, reacts 1.5 hours, and transformation efficiency can reach more than 90%, cis 1, and the 4-structural content is 95～97%.As can be seen from Table 1, adopt identical catalyzer ageing mode, in identical polymerization reaction time, with dibutylmagnesium as alkylating reagent than triisobutyl aluminium the transformation efficiency height of the divinyl during as alkylating reagent, activity of this explanation Ni-Mg-B catalyst system will be higher than the Ni-Al-B catalyst system.As can be seen from Table 2, change the Mg/B ratio and can regulate molecular weight, when Mg/B when increasing, the molecular weight of polyhutadiene increases, but transformation efficiency reduces with the increase of Mg/B.As can be seen from Table 3, change Mg/Ni and can regulate molecular weight, but do not have the influence of Mg/B comparison molecular weight so remarkable than also.
The present invention selects above-mentioned polymerization process condition, by changing the proportioning between each component of catalyzer, can regulate the mooney viscosity of rubber effectively, the molecular structure of controlling polymers and molecular weight and distribution thereof; Polymerization activity is very high, regulates sensitivity, and polymerization technique is stable.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
5 liters of polymeric kettles with having the stirring of anchor formula, chuck, temperature, pressure indication make 1,3-butadiene carry out batchwise polymerization.Polymeric kettle is cleaned up, adopt high pure nitrogen pump drainage three times after, under protection of nitrogen gas 378 gram divinyl and 1890 grams being raffinated oil is added in the polymeric kettle, stirs and is preheating to 70 ℃.The mode that adopts Ni-Mg ageing, rare B singly to add nickel naphthenate 0.21mmol, boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex 2.1mmol, dibutylmagnesium 0.63mmol was 20 ℃ of following ageings 30 minutes.Ageing liquid is added in the polymeric kettle under nitrogen protection.
Reacted 1.5 hours down at 70 ℃, add ethanol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4 methylphenol is emitted glue, with water vapour boiling cohesion, obtains sample of the present invention through hot roller drying.With the exsiccant samples weighing, calculating butadiene conversion is 91.7%.
Comparative Examples 1
With dibutylmagnesium triisobutyl aluminium substitution, add-on also is 0.63mmol, and the transformation efficiency of divinyl is 67.3%.The add-on of divinyl, solvent oil and other components of catalyzer and operation and polymerizing condition are with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples 2
Add dibutylmagnesium 0.105mmol, triisobutyl aluminium 0.63mmol, the transformation efficiency of divinyl are 73.7%.The add-on of divinyl, solvent oil and other components of catalyzer and operation and polymerizing condition are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2
Adopt Ni-Mg-B ternary ageing mode, and the amount of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex is reduced to 1.575mmol, the transformation efficiency of divinyl is 90.8%.The add-on of divinyl, solvent oil and other components of catalyzer and operation and polymerizing condition are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Adopt Ni-Mg-B ternary ageing mode, and the amount of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex is reduced to 1.05mmol, the transformation efficiency of divinyl is 89.1%.The add-on of divinyl, solvent oil and other components of catalyzer and operation and polymerizing condition are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Adopt Ni-Mg-B ternary ageing mode, and the amount of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex is reduced to 0.7875mmol, the transformation efficiency of divinyl is 78.8%.The add-on of divinyl, solvent oil and other components of catalyzer and operation and polymerizing condition are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Adopt Ni-Mg-B ternary ageing mode, the amount of dibutylmagnesium is increased to 1.05mmol, the amount of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex is increased to 2.625mmol, and the transformation efficiency of divinyl is 92.0%.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
Adopt Ni-Mg-B ternary ageing mode, the amount of dibutylmagnesium is increased to 1.47mmol, the amount of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex is increased to 3.675mmol, and the transformation efficiency of divinyl is 91.5%.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Table 1 Mg is as the influence of alkylating reagent to polyreaction
| Sequence number | Nickel consumption (mol/100g divinyl) | Mg/Al/Ni/B (molar weight) | Relative molecular mass (* 10 4) | Molecular weight distribution | Transformation efficiency (%) | Mooney viscosity | Cis 1,4 content (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | ??5.56×10 5 | ??3/0/1/10 | ????29.7 | ??5.1 | ????91.7 | ??43.1 | ??96.5 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | ??5.56×10 5 | ??0/3/1/10.0 | ????29.4 | ??3.7 | ????67.3 | ??42.1 | ??96.3 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | ??5.56×10 5 | ??0.5/3/1/10.0 | ????30.5 | ??4.4 | ????73.7 | ??43.7 | ??95.6 |
The influence of table 2 Mg/B comparison polyreaction
| Sequence number | Nickel consumption (mol/100g divinyl) | Mg/Al/Ni/B (molar weight) | Relative molecular mass (* 10 4) | Molecular weight distribution | Transformation efficiency (%) | Mooney viscosity | Cis 1,4 content (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | ??5.56×10 5 | ????3/0/1/10 | ??29.7 | ??5.1 | ??91.7 | ??43.1 | ???95.8 |
| Embodiment 2 | ??5.56×10 5 | ????3/0/1/7.5 | ??30.4 | ??5.0 | ??90.8 | ??44.4 | ???95.0 |
| Embodiment 3 | ??5.56×10 5 | ????3/0/1/5.0 | ??33.5 | ??5.3 | ??89.1 | ??47.1 | ???95.3 |
| Embodiment 4 | ??5.56×10 5 | ????3/0/1/3.75 | ??36.9 | ??5.1 | ??78.8 | ??49.2 | ???95.9 |
The influence of table 3 Mg/Ni comparison polyreaction
| Sequence number | Nickel consumption (mol/100g divinyl) | Mg/Al/Ni/B (molar weight) | Relative molecular mass (* 10 4) | Molecular weight distribution | Transformation efficiency (%) | Mooney viscosity | Cis 1,4 content (%) |
| Embodiment 2 | ??5.56×10 5 | ??3/0/1/7.5 | ??30.4 | ??5.0 | ??90.8 | ??44.4 | ????95.0 |
| Embodiment 5 | ??5.56×10 5 | ??5/0/1/12.5 | ??31.1 | ??4.8 | ??92.0 | ??45.0 | ????94.7 |
| Embodiment 6 | ??5.56×10 5 | ??7/0/1/17.5 | ??32.0 | ??4.5 | ??91.5 | ??46.3 | ????94.9 |
Claims (6)
1, a kind ofly makes the 1,3-butadiene polymerization, prepare the method for high-cis 1 rubber with nickel catalyst.It is characterized in that this method is at first 1,3-butadiene and polymer solvent to be mixed, stir and be preheating to polymerization temperature; Carboxylic acid nickel salt, alkyl magnesium compound and boron trifluoride or its complex compound are carried out ageing under the situation that has or do not have 1,3-butadiene to exist; The add-on of each component is in the catalyst system: the mol ratio of Ni/Bd is (0.8-3.0) * 10
-5: 1, the mol ratio of Mg/Bd is (1.0-15.0) * 10
-5: 1, the mol ratio of Mg/B is (0.2-3.0): 1; Aged temperature is controlled at 0～60 ℃, and digestion time was controlled at 5 minutes to 5 hours; Ageing liquid is added in the good butadiene solution of preheating causes divinyl and carry out 1, the polymerization of 4-cis; Polymerization temperature is controlled at 60～120 ℃, reacts 1.5 hours.Add ethanol and 2,6 di tert butyl 4 methyl phenol at last, with the devaporation of glue water, drying makes the high-cis 1 with glue.
2, the preparation method of high-cis 1 rubber according to claim 1 is characterized in that described carboxylic acid nickel salt is to be selected from nickel naphthenate, nickel acetate, zincic acid nickel, perhaps above two to three kinds mixture.
3, the preparation method of high-cis 1 rubber according to claim 1 is characterized in that described alkyl magnesium compound is to be selected from magnesium ethide, dipropyl magnesium, di-n-butyl magnesium, diisobutyl magnesium.
4, the preparation method of high-cis 1 rubber according to claim 1 is characterized in that described boron trifluoride complex is to be selected from boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex or boron trifluoride ether complex.
5, the preparation method of high-cis 1 rubber according to claim 1 is characterized in that polymer solvent is one-component or its mixture of raffinating oil of being in a liquid state when being selected from polymerization, hexane, heptane, hexanaphthene, benzene, toluene.
6, the preparation method of high-cis 1 rubber according to claim 1, the ageing system that it is characterized in that catalyst system adopt the ageing of Bd-Ni-Mg-B quaternary respectively; Ni-Mg ageing, rare B singly add; The ageing of Ni-Mg-B ternary; The ageing of Ni-B-Mg ternary; Ageing of Mg-B-Ni ternary or Mg-Ni, the two binary ageings of Mg-B.
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| JPS5968316A (en) * | 1982-10-14 | 1984-04-18 | Ube Ind Ltd | Polymerization of 1,3-butadiene |
| RU2082720C1 (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1997-06-27 | Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью фирма "Технология" | Process for preparing low-molecular weight polybutadiene |
| EP1103566A1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2001-05-30 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Nickel-based catalyst and gas phase polymerization process for polybutadiene |
| CN1324874A (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-12-05 | 中国石化集团齐鲁石油化工公司 | Prepn. of cir-rich 1,4-polybutadine rubber for tyre |
| CN1148390C (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2004-05-05 | 北京燕化石油化工股份有限公司合成橡胶厂 | Process for polymerizing 1,3-butadiene |
| CN1196723C (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2005-04-13 | 中国石化集团齐鲁石油化工公司 | Process for preparing nickel series low mooney viscosity high cis-1,4,-polybutadiene rubber |
| KR100384813B1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-05-22 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | Polymerization method of high 1,4-cis polybutadine and its derivatives |
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