CN113929802B - Rare earth catalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rare earth catalyst and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- -1 neodymium phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- DZNFWGVDYGAMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O DZNFWGVDYGAMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HQMRIBYCTLBDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(2-methylpropyl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](Cl)CC(C)C HQMRIBYCTLBDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ATQXJRZEZJQPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate;neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].CCCCC(CC)COP([O-])(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC.CCCCC(CC)COP([O-])(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC.CCCCC(CC)COP([O-])(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ATQXJRZEZJQPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BQSKOYRTRMLYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 2-ethylhexyl phosphate neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].P(=O)(OCC(CCCC)CC)([O-])[O-].C(C)C(COP(=O)([O-])[O-])CCCC.C(C)C(COP(=O)([O-])[O-])CCCC.[Nd+3] BQSKOYRTRMLYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- SJVVUOJXRCWZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(=C)C=C.CCCCCC Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CCCCCC SJVVUOJXRCWZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000010092 rubber production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical group [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005063 High cis polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003193 cis-1,4-polybutadiene polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007172 homogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/06—Butadiene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rare earth catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the homogeneous rare earth catalyst comprises the following components: a. a neodymium phosphate compound; b. conjugated dienes; c. an alkyl aluminum or an alkyl aluminum hydride, or a mixture of both; d. a halogen-containing compound; wherein the molar ratio of each component is a: b: c: d=1: (2-50): (5-40): (1-20). The rare earth catalyst provided by the invention can be used for preparing polybutadiene rubber products with high cis-form and narrow distribution, and is beneficial to industrial production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a homogeneous rare earth catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a homogeneous rare earth catalyst based on phosphate neodymium compound for preparing polybutadiene rubber products with high cis-form and narrow distribution (narrow molecular weight distribution range), belonging to the field of polybutadiene rubber production.
Background
Polybutadiene rubber (PBR for short, also called butadiene rubber) is the second largest rubber species which is inferior to styrene butadiene rubber in the world, is a general synthetic rubber synthesized by taking butadiene as a monomer and adopting different catalysts and polymerization methods, has the advantages of good elasticity, strong wear resistance, good low-temperature resistance, low heat generation, small hysteresis loss, flexibility resistance, crack resistance, good dynamic performance and the like, and has wide application in the production of tires, impact modified polystyrene (Ps), ABS resins, adhesive tapes, rubber tubes, rubber shoes and other rubber products, and has wide development and utilization prospects.
In the process of synthesizing polybutadiene rubber, the catalyst is one of key factors influencing polymerization conversion rate, rubber quality and the like, and some schemes for catalyzing and synthesizing the polybutadiene rubber by adopting a rare earth catalyst exist at present. At present, research on rare earth catalysts is mainly focused on carboxylic acid rare earth catalytic systems and phosphoric acid rare earth catalytic systems, wherein the carboxylic acid rare earth catalytic systems are already used for industrial production of butadiene rubber and isoprene rubber, and the phosphoric acid rare earth compound has higher activity on conjugated diene polymerization under the action of lower-dosage aluminum alkyl ([ Al ]/[ Nd ] < 10), so that the rare earth butadiene rubber with narrow molecular weight distribution index is easy to prepare.
Liu Xianguang [1] et al polymerized butadiene with neodecanoic acid neodymium, diisobutyl aluminum hydride, diethyl aluminum chloride as catalyst to obtain polybutadiene product with high relative molecular mass (Mn=44× 4), narrow relative molecular mass distribution (1.47) and high cis-1, 4 content (98.3%), the rare earth catalyst has higher stability and stereoregularity, and the microstructure of the polymer is not affected by reaction conditions.
Chinese patent application CN103102437a discloses a rare earth catalyst for butadiene polymerization, and preparation and application methods thereof, the rare earth catalyst system comprises the following components: (A) rare earth organic carboxylic acid neodymium compound, (B) alkyl aluminum hydride or trialkyl aluminum, (C) chloroalkyl aluminum and aromatic ether compound; where n (a): n (B): n (C) =1: (10-45): (1-3), the mass ratio of the aluminum alkyl chloride and the aromatic ether compound as the activator is 20: (1-10). In the scheme, the prepared catalyst is aged at 0-60 ℃ to form a prepolymer active center catalyst solution, and the solution can be stored for more than 180 days at room temperature; the relative molecular mass distribution index of the synthesized polybutadiene product is controllable (the relative molecular mass distribution index is 1.71-2.74), the yield of the polymerized product reaches more than 95%, the cis-1, 4 content is more than 95%, and the Mooney viscosity is 35-79 ML (1+4) 100 ℃.
Hu Zunyan [2] et Al use Nd (CF 3SO 3) 3.3TBP (TBP is tributyl phosphate) as a main catalyst, al (i-Bu) 2H as a cocatalyst and hexane as a solvent, prepare a catalytic system in the presence of a small amount of monomer 1, 3-butadiene and catalyze the polymerization of 1, 3-butadiene, the yield of the product polybutadiene can reach more than 75.0%, and the cis-1, 4 structure content can reach more than 98.0%.
The rare earth catalyst can be divided into two types of homogeneous phase and heterogeneous phase according to the phase state, wherein butadiene rubber synthesized by the heterogeneous catalyst has the characteristics of wide molecular weight distribution, poor product performance, unstable polymerization effect, high glue viscosity, difficult transportation and the like in the actual production process, the homogeneous catalyst can effectively improve the phenomenon, and the synthesized narrow-distribution rare earth butadiene rubber has the characteristics of high linearity, high molecular weight, excellent mechanical property, dynamic fatigue resistance and low rolling resistance, becomes an ideal raw material in the tire industry, and has more market application value.
At present, related reports of a homogeneous rare earth catalytic system based on a carboxylic acid compound exist, for example, chinese patent CN102532354B discloses a neodymium homogeneous rare earth catalyst, the main components of the catalyst are neodymium carboxylate compound, alkyl aluminum or alkyl aluminum hydride or a mixture of the two, a halogen-containing compound and conjugated diene, the catalyst is used for polymerization of the conjugated diene, the catalyst has the characteristics of homogeneous phase, certain stability, high activity, high directionality and the like, the catalyst can be used for preparing high cis-polybutadiene at the temperature above room temperature, the cis-1, 4 structure content of the prepared polybutadiene is above 99%, the vinyl structure mass fraction is about 0-3%, and the Mooney viscosity is more than or equal to 40.
Although some rare earth catalysts for synthesizing polybutadiene are reported at present, further research and development of novel homogeneous rare earth catalysts with good comprehensive performance are still an important research topic in the field of polybutadiene rubber production, and particularly, in the present stage, the lack of intensive research on the catalyst industrialized and large-scale preparation technology faces the problem of limited practical application. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel homogeneous rare earth catalyst for the synthesis of polybutadiene rubber, simplify the preparation process, and promote the practical operability.
Related literature:
[1] Liu Xianguang, zhang Chunqing, hu Yanming, etc. neodymium catalysts are used for synthesizing high cis narrow distribution polybutadiene [ J ]. High molecular materials science and engineering 2013,29 (6): 28-31,36.
[2] Hu Zunyan, attorney docket, liu Haiyan, etc. binary triflic acid rare earth catalytic system for the synthesis of high cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber [ J ]. Synthetic rubber industry, 2014,37 (2): 96-10.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing a rare earth catalyst which has the advantages of homogeneous phase, high activity and the like, and can be used for preparing polybutadiene rubber products with good performances such as high sequence, narrow distribution and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rare earth catalyst, which can prepare the rare earth catalyst, has simple preparation process and easy operation, can realize large-scale production and is beneficial to practical industrial application.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polybutadiene rubber, which adopts the rare earth catalyst and can efficiently prepare polybutadiene rubber products with high cis-form and narrow distribution.
In one aspect of the invention, a rare earth catalyst is provided, comprising the following components:
a. A neodymium phosphate compound;
b. Conjugated dienes;
c. An alkylaluminum having the general formula AlR 3 or an alkylaluminum hydride AlHR 2, or a mixture of both, wherein R is a C 1-C6 linear or branched alkyl group;
d. A halogen-containing compound;
wherein the molar ratio of each component is a: b: c: d=1: (2-50): (5-40): (1-20).
The rare earth catalyst provided by the invention is a homogeneous rare earth catalytic system based on phosphate neodymium compound, and has good activity and stability through the proportion of the raw materials, and can be used for preparing polybutadiene rubber products with high cis-form and narrow distribution.
The inventors of the present application have further explored the influence of preparation conditions on the catalyst for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber and its phase state and performance on the basis of intensive studies on the catalyst composition, and according to the studies of the present application, a rare earth catalyst can be generally obtained according to a preparation process comprising the steps of: adding the component a into a solvent, and aging for 5-60 minutes; then sequentially adding the components b, c and d; wherein, the feeding time of the component b is controlled to be 2-10 minutes, and the component b is aged for 5-30 minutes after the feeding is finished; the feeding time of the component c is 2-10 minutes, and the component c is aged for 10-30 minutes after the feeding is finished; the feeding time of the component d is 2-10 minutes, and the rare earth catalyst is obtained after aging for 30-90 minutes after the feeding is finished. In the process, the homogeneous rare earth catalyst is beneficial to being obtained by controlling the addition sequence, the feeding time and the aging time of each component, and has the advantages of high activity, high stability and the like, in practical application, the polybutadiene rubber product with good performances such as high cis-form, narrow distribution and the like can be prepared, higher polymerization conversion rate can be achieved, and the conversion rate of butadiene monomer raw materials can be basically up to 100%.
In the practice of the invention, the molar ratio of the above components may generally be a: b: c: d=1: (5-40): (5-30): (1 to 10), further may be 1: (4-22): (7-22): (2-8), more favorable for obtaining the homogeneous rare earth catalyst and improving the catalytic performance thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the aging time may be further 15 to 40 minutes after the component a is added to the solvent.
In the present invention, the amount of the solvent used is generally controlled so that the content of neodymium (Nd) in the rare earth catalyst is 1X 10 -3～6×10-2 mol/L, and further may be 1.9X 10 -3～5×10-2 mol/L. Specifically, the solvent used in the present invention may be a solvent commonly used in the art, for example, may be a saturated alkane or cycloalkane inert to the reaction components (a-d), and specifically may be one or more selected from C5-C8 alkanes and C5-C8 cycloalkanes, such as pentane, isopentane, hexane, cyclohexane or a mixture of one or more of them, and the like. In the practice of the invention, the solvent used is generally preferably hexane.
In the present invention, the neodymium phosphate compound may be an organic neodymium phosphate salt, for example, neodymium phosphate, and neodymium phosphate having a high activity may be selected. In the practice of the invention, the neodymium phosphate compound may be at least one selected from neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, neodymium 2-ethylhexyl phosphate, and neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.
Specifically, neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (Nd (P204) 3) has the following chemical structural formula:
Neodymium 2-ethylhexyl phosphate (Nd (P507) 3) has the following chemical structural formula:
neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (Nd (P229) 3) has the following chemical structural formula:
The research shows that Nd (P204) 3 is more favorable for the performance of the obtained homogeneous rare earth catalyst, and when the catalyst is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber, the catalyst is favorable for obtaining polybutadiene rubber products with good comprehensive performances such as high cis, narrow distribution and the like.
In the present invention, conjugated diene refers to a conjugated diene monomer having a conjugated double bond structure in a molecule, and may generally include one or more of C4 to C6 conjugated diene monomers. In practice, butadiene, isoprene or a mixture of both are generally selected.
In the rare earth catalyst component C, R is a linear or branched alkyl group of C 1-C6, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc. In the practice of the present invention, component c (i.e., an alkylaluminum or alkylaluminum hydride) is generally selected from at least one of diisobutylaluminum hydride, triisobutylaluminum.
Further, in the rare earth catalyst component, the halogen-containing compound may be generally selected from at least one of an alkyl aluminum halide having a general formula of AlR 2 X, a sesquialkyl aluminum having a general formula of Al 2R3X3, a halogenated hydrocarbon having a general formula of RX, specifically, R may be a C2-C4 alkyl group (such as ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc.), benzyl, allyl, and X is bromine or chlorine. In one embodiment of the present invention, the halogen-containing compound may be diisobutylaluminum chloride (chlorodiisobutyl aluminium) or diethylaluminum chloride (Diethylaluminium chloride) or a mixture of both, wherein diisobutylaluminum chloride may be diisobutylaluminum chloride, diisobutylaluminum trichloride, etc.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the homogeneous rare earth catalyst, including: adding the component a into a solvent, and aging for 5-60 minutes; then sequentially adding the components b, c and d; wherein, the feeding time of the component b is controlled to be 2-10 minutes, and the component b is aged for 5-30 minutes after the feeding is finished; the feeding time of the component c is 2-10 minutes, and the component c is aged for 10-30 minutes after the feeding is finished; the feeding time of the component d is 2-10 minutes, and the component d is aged for 30-90 minutes after the feeding is finished, so that the homogeneous rare earth catalyst is obtained. Specifically, the aging temperature in each of the above steps can be generally controlled to 15 to 30 ℃.
According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the homogeneous rare earth catalyst based on the neodymium phosphate compound can be prepared by compounding the components and controlling the addition sequence and aging time of the components, and the catalyst has good catalytic performance and can be used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber products with good performances such as high sequence, narrow distribution and the like; in addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, easiness in implementation and small investment, can realize large-scale production, and is beneficial to actual industrial application.
In the implementation process of the invention, the preparation of the homogeneous rare earth catalyst can be specifically finished through the following sequential control procedure: wherein, one section of sequential control comprises solvent feeding and component a feeding in sequence; the two-stage sequential control comprises feeding of a component b, a component c and a component d in sequence. The method comprises the following steps:
a sequential control Step (Step) 1: detecting/regulating the pressure of the inert solvent in a set range, opening a regulating valve to feed the solvent into a homogeneous catalyst preparation kettle, and controlling the accumulated flow through a flowmeter to realize feeding.
A section of sequential control Step2: detecting/regulating the liquid level and pressure of a storage tank of the component a in a set range, and feeding the component a to a preparation kettle of the homogeneous catalyst in a pressure mode, wherein the accumulated flow is controlled by a flowmeter according to equipment conditions so as to realize fine flow feeding, and the accuracy of feeding quantity is ensured; after the feeding of the component a is completed, aging for 5-60 minutes (simultaneously stabilizing the temperature of materials in a preparation kettle) and starting a second-stage sequential control (two-stage sequential control) procedure;
Two-stage sequential control Step1: feeding the component b, controlling the accumulated flow through a flowmeter to realize fine flow feeding, controlling the feeding time of the component b to be 2-10 minutes in the feeding process, and aging for 5-30 minutes after the feeding is finished;
Two-stage sequential control Step2: detecting/regulating the liquid level and pressure of a component c metering tank within a set range, feeding the component c to a homogeneous catalyst preparation kettle in a pressure way, controlling the accumulated flow through a flowmeter to realize fine flow feeding, controlling the feeding time of the component c to be 2-10 minutes in the feeding process, and aging for 10-30 minutes after the feeding is finished;
Two-stage sequential control Step3: detecting/regulating the liquid level and pressure of the component c metering tank within a set range, feeding the component d to the homogeneous catalyst preparation kettle in a pressure way, controlling the accumulated flow through a flowmeter to realize fine flow feeding, controlling the feeding time of the component d to be 2-10 minutes in the feeding process, and aging for 30-90 minutes after the feeding is finished to obtain the homogeneous rare earth catalyst.
The above "setting range" may be set according to the conventional method in the art according to the apparatus, the addition amount of each component, and the like, and the present invention is not particularly limited thereto. In general, during one-stage sequential control, stirring is started when the system detection liquid level reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle.
The invention provides the homogeneous rare earth catalyst and the preparation process thereof based on the actual industrialization requirement, and the homogeneous rare earth catalyst can be prepared by adopting a conventional continuous polymerization experimental device in the field. In a specific embodiment of the invention, for example, a continuous polymerization test device with a common capacity of about 2kg/h to 1.5t/h can be used as a preparation kettle to realize the large-scale production of the homogeneous rare earth catalyst. The inventor researches and discovers that the large-scale production (such as large-scale production by utilizing the preparation kettles) of the homogeneous rare earth catalyst is favorable for obtaining the transparent and non-precipitated homogeneous rare earth catalyst under the conditions of the component proportion, the feeding time and the aging time.
In order to further ensure the preparation efficiency of the catalyst, the preparation process can be generally implemented under the protection of inert gas, and the inert gas adopted in the invention is not strictly limited, for example, more economical nitrogen (N 2) and the like can be selected.
In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing polybutadiene rubber, comprising: the homogeneous rare earth catalyst is adopted to catalyze the polymerization reaction of butadiene monomers.
The preparation method of the polybutadiene rubber provided by the invention adopts the high-activity homogeneous rare earth catalyst, can start the polymerization reaction even at 0 ℃ and can obtain the target polybutadiene rubber product. In the practice of the present invention, the polymerization temperature may be generally from 0 to 80℃and further from 40 to 70 ℃.
Further, the amount of the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be used can be generally controlled by controlling the molar ratio of the component a to the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to 3×10 -5-1×10-4, and further may be 3.5×10 -5-8.5×10-5.
Under the polymerization reaction condition, the invention can also reach higher polymerization efficiency, generally can be polymerized within 2-5 hours or 3-4 hours, and the conversion rate of butadiene monomer can reach more than 96 percent and basically can reach nearly 100 percent.
The implementation of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
The novel homogeneous rare earth catalyst provided by the invention is a homogeneous catalysis system based on a neodymium phosphate compound, and can not only have high catalytic activity and stable catalytic performance when being used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber, but also prepare polybutadiene rubber products with good performances such as high cis (cis-1, 4 structure content is 96.0% -99.9%), narrow distribution (molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn is less than 4), mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) is 30-90 and the like through the catalyst system formed by specific components, proportions and sequential control conditions.
The preparation method of the homogeneous rare earth catalyst provided by the invention adopts a specific formula, and can realize large-scale production of the high-activity homogeneous rare earth catalyst through a unique sequential control program, thereby being beneficial to actual production and application; and has the advantages of easy implementation, low investment and the like.
The preparation method of the polybutadiene rubber provided by the invention adopts the high-activity homogeneous rare earth catalyst, so that polybutadiene rubber products with good performances such as high cis-form, narrow distribution and the like can be efficiently prepared; moreover, the homogeneous rare earth catalyst can be produced in large scale, so that the method can smoothly realize the industrial production of polybutadiene rubber with high cis-form, narrow distribution and other performances, is beneficial to the formation and popularization of a complete production technology of polybutadiene rubber, and has great economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) chart of polybutadiene rubber prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents time (min) and the ordinate represents time difference refractive index;
FIG. 2 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of a polybutadiene rubber prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention, the abscissa represents wave number (cm -1) and the ordinate represents transmittance (%).
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1 were conducted using a continuous polymerization test apparatus of 2kg/h (capacity) and 10kg/h (capacity) from Beijing Tuochuan scientific research equipment Co., ltd., and a cis-butadiene apparatus of 1.5t/h from Dushanzi petrochemical Co., ltd.; in examples 1-5 below, the neodymium phosphate used was neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.
Example 1
1. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst is prepared by adopting a 2kg/h (productivity) continuous polymerization test device:
Starting a segment of sequential control program: adding hexane solution (about 200 mL) and 2.0mmol of neodymium phosphate (stirring is started when the system detection liquid level reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle) into a catalyst preparation kettle, and aging the system in the kettle for 30min after the feeding is finished; and (3) starting a two-stage sequential control program, namely sequentially adding into a catalyst preparation kettle: butadiene hexane solution (20.3 mmol of butadiene) with a mass concentration of 20%, controlling the feeding time to be 9.5min, and aging for 5min after the feeding is finished; 16.5mmol of diisobutylaluminum hydride and 9.5mmol of triisobutylaluminum are mixed, the feeding time is controlled to be 5min, and the aging time is 10min after the feeding is finished; 5.6mmol of diisobutyl aluminum chloride, controlling the feeding time to be 4min, and aging for 30min after the feeding is finished to obtain a transparent and non-precipitate homogeneous rare earth catalyst; wherein the aging temperature of each step is 20+/-2 ℃.
2. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared by the method is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber:
Mixing the prepared homogeneous rare earth catalyst and butadiene monomer in a first kettle (reaction kettle) for polymerization reaction, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst is as follows: controlling the mole ratio of the component a and the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be 3.5 multiplied by 10 -5, and controlling the polymerization temperature of a first kettle to be 70 ℃; after 3 hours of polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding an ethanol solution containing 30% by mass of T501 to give a polybutadiene rubber having a GPC chart shown in FIG. 1 and an infrared spectrum chart shown in FIG. 2.
The conversion of butadiene monomer was determined to be substantially close to 100%; the Mn of the polybutadiene rubber prepared was 2.11X10 5, the Mw/Mn was 2.14 (it can also be seen from FIG. 1 that the GPC chart of the polybutadiene rubber exhibited a unimodal molecular weight distribution, the peak shape was symmetrical, the molecular weight distribution was narrow), the Mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) was 56, and the cis-1, 4 structure content was 97.5%.
Example 2
1. Preparing a homogeneous rare earth catalyst by adopting a 2kg/h continuous polymerization test device:
Starting a segment of sequential control program: adding hexane solution (about 160 mL) and 1.3mmol of neodymium phosphate (stirring is started when the system detection liquid level reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle) into a catalyst preparation kettle, and aging the system in the kettle for 15min after the feeding is finished; and (3) starting a two-stage sequential control program, namely sequentially adding into a catalyst preparation kettle: butadiene hexane solution (6 mmol butadiene) with mass concentration of 20% is controlled to be fed for 3min, and aging time is 10min after feeding is finished; 11.6mmol of diisobutyl aluminum hydride, wherein the feeding time is controlled to be 2.5min, and the aging time is 15min after the feeding is finished; 3mmol of diisobutyl aluminum chloride, controlling the feeding time to be 2min, and aging for 30min after the feeding is finished to obtain a transparent and non-precipitate homogeneous rare earth catalyst; wherein the aging temperature of each step is 20+/-2 ℃.
2. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared by the method is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber:
Mixing the prepared homogeneous rare earth catalyst and butadiene monomer in a first kettle (reaction kettle) for polymerization reaction, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst is as follows: controlling the mole ratio of the component a and the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be 3.5 multiplied by 10 -5, and controlling the first kettle polymerization temperature to be 60 ℃; after polymerization for 3.5 hours, the reaction was terminated by adding an ethanol solution containing 30% by mass of T501 to give a polybutadiene rubber (its GPC chart is similar to that of example 1).
The conversion of butadiene monomer was determined to be substantially close to 100%; the Mn of the polybutadiene rubber prepared was 1.69×10 5, the Mw/Mn was 2.77, the Mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) was 48, and the cis-1, 4 structure content was 97.1%.
Example 3
1. Preparing a homogeneous rare earth catalyst by adopting a 10kg/h continuous polymerization test device:
starting a segment of sequential control program: adding hexane solution (about 1.75L) and 3.36mmol of neodymium phosphate (stirring is started when the detection liquid level of the system reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle) into a catalyst preparation kettle, and aging the system in the kettle for 30min after the feeding is finished; and (3) starting a two-stage sequence control program, namely sequentially adding into a catalyst preparation kettle: butadiene hexane solution (36 mmol butadiene) with mass concentration of 20% is controlled to be fed for 6min, and aging time is 15min after feeding is finished; 36mmol of diisobutyl aluminum hydride, wherein the feeding time is controlled to be 10min, and the aging time after the feeding is finished is 20min;8.25mmol of diisobutyl aluminum chloride, controlling the feeding time to be 8min, and aging for 60min after the feeding is finished to obtain a transparent and non-precipitate homogeneous rare earth catalyst; wherein the aging temperature of each step is 20+/-2 ℃.
2. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared by the method is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber:
Mixing the prepared homogeneous rare earth catalyst and butadiene monomer in a first kettle (reaction kettle) for polymerization reaction, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst is as follows: controlling the mole ratio of the component a and the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be 8.2 multiplied by 10 -5, and controlling the polymerization temperature of a first kettle to be 50 ℃; after polymerization for 3 hours, the reaction was terminated by adding an ethanol solution containing 30% by mass of T501 to give a polybutadiene rubber (its GPC chart is similar to that of example 1).
The conversion of butadiene monomer was determined to be substantially close to 100%; the Mn of the polybutadiene rubber prepared was 1.27X10 5, mw/Mn was 2.55, mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) was 44, and cis-1, 4 structure content was 96.5%.
Example 4
1. Preparing a homogeneous rare earth catalyst by adopting a 10kg/h continuous polymerization test device:
Starting a segment of sequential control program: adding hexane solution (about 5.5L) and 72mmol of neodymium phosphate (stirring is started when the system detection liquid level reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle) into a catalyst preparation kettle, and aging the system in the kettle for 20min after the feeding is finished; and (3) starting a two-stage sequence control program, namely sequentially adding into a catalyst preparation kettle: isoprene hexane solution (0.47 mol of butadiene) with mass concentration of 20 percent, the feeding time is controlled to be 2 minutes, and the aging time is 5 minutes after the feeding is finished; 0.56mol of diisobutyl aluminum hydride, controlling the feeding time to be 2min, and aging for 10min after the feeding is finished; 0.48mol of diisobutylaluminum chloride, controlling the feeding time to be 2min, and aging for 30min after the feeding is finished to obtain a transparent and non-precipitate homogeneous rare earth catalyst; wherein the aging temperature of each step is 25+/-2 ℃.
2. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared by the method is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber:
Mixing the prepared homogeneous rare earth catalyst and butadiene monomer in a first kettle (reaction kettle) for polymerization reaction, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst is as follows: controlling the mole ratio of the component a and the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be 7.5 multiplied by 10 -5, and controlling the polymerization temperature of a first kettle to be 0 ℃; after polymerization for 4 hours, the reaction was terminated by adding an ethanol solution containing 30% by mass of T501 to give a polybutadiene rubber (its GPC chart is similar to that of example 1).
The conversion of butadiene monomer was determined to be substantially close to 100%; the Mn of the polybutadiene rubber prepared was 7.91×10 5, the Mw/Mn was 2.53, the Mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) was 46, and the cis-1, 4 structure content was 97.8%.
Example 5
1. Homogeneous rare earth catalyst was prepared using a 1.5t/h continuous polymerization test apparatus (1.5 t/h cis Ding Zhuangzhi):
Starting a segment of sequential control program: adding a hexane solution (about 224L) and 11.2mol of neodymium phosphate (stirring is started when the system detection liquid level reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle) into a catalyst preparation kettle, and aging the system in the kettle for 40min after the feeding is finished; and (3) starting a two-stage sequential control program, namely sequentially adding into a catalyst preparation kettle: isoprene hexane solution (245 mol of isoprene) with mass concentration of 20 percent, the feeding time is controlled to be 5 minutes, and the aging time is controlled to be 10 minutes after the feeding is finished; 232mol of triisobutylaluminum, the feeding time is controlled to be 6min, and the aging time is 15min after the feeding is finished; 22.5mol of diisobutylaluminum chloride, controlling the feeding time to be 2min, and aging for 50min after the feeding is finished to obtain a transparent and non-precipitate homogeneous rare earth catalyst; wherein the aging temperature of each step is 25+/-2 ℃.
2. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared by the method is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber:
Mixing the prepared homogeneous rare earth catalyst and butadiene monomer in a first kettle (reaction kettle) for polymerization reaction, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst is as follows: controlling the mole ratio of the component a and the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be 6.5 multiplied by 10 -5, and controlling the polymerization temperature of a first kettle to be 65 ℃; after polymerization for 3 hours, the reaction was terminated by adding an ethanol solution containing 30% by mass of T501 to give a polybutadiene rubber (its GPC chart is similar to that of example 1).
The conversion of butadiene monomer was determined to be substantially close to 100%; the prepared polybutadiene rubber had Mn of 1.68X10 5, mw/Mn of 2.84, mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) of 50 and cis-1, 4 structure content of 97.7%.
Comparative example 1
1. Preparing a homogeneous rare earth catalyst by adopting a 2kg/h continuous polymerization test device:
starting a segment of sequential control program: adding hexane solution (about 160 mL) and 1.3mmol of neodymium phosphate (stirring is started when the system detection liquid level reaches about 20% of the preparation kettle) into a catalyst preparation kettle, and aging the system in the kettle for 15 minutes after feeding is finished; and (3) starting a two-stage sequential control program, namely sequentially adding into a catalyst preparation kettle: butadiene hexane solution (6 mmol butadiene) with mass concentration of 20% is controlled to be fed for 12min, and aging time is 10min after feeding is finished; 11.6mmol of diisobutyl aluminum hydride, controlling the feeding time to be 15min, and aging for 5min after the feeding is finished; 3mmol of diisobutyl aluminum chloride, controlling the feeding time to be 2min, and aging for 30min after the feeding is finished to obtain a rare earth composite catalyst; wherein the aging temperature of each step is 20+/-2 ℃. The catalyst is in a turbid state, and a small amount of sediment is arranged at the bottom.
2. The homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared by the method is used for synthesizing polybutadiene rubber:
Mixing the prepared rare earth catalyst and butadiene monomer in a first kettle (reaction kettle) for polymerization reaction, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst is as follows: controlling the mole ratio of the component a and the butadiene monomer in the homogeneous rare earth catalyst to be 3.5 multiplied by 10 -5, and controlling the first kettle polymerization temperature to be 60 ℃; after 3.5 hours of polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding an ethanol solution containing 30% by mass of T501 to obtain polybutadiene rubber.
The conversion of butadiene monomer was determined to be substantially close to 100%; the molecular weight distribution of the polybutadiene rubber prepared was relatively broad, mw/Mn was 6.5, mooney viscosity (ML 100℃ 1+4) was 56, and cis-1, 4 structure content was 97.2%.
The homogeneous rare earth catalyst based on neodymium phosphate compound is prepared in examples 1-5, large-scale production can be realized, the homogeneous rare earth catalyst which is produced in a larger scale by adopting a continuous polymerization test device of 2kg/h-1.5t/h shows good catalytic performance, and when the catalyst is used for catalyzing polymerization of butadiene monomer to prepare polybutadiene rubber, not only can high conversion rate of butadiene monomer be ensured, but also the prepared polybutadiene rubber has excellent properties such as high cis, narrow distribution and the like, and the comprehensive characteristics such as high catalytic activity, stability and the like of the homogeneous rare earth catalyst prepared according to the components, the formula and the sequential control conditions of examples 1-5 are also illustrated.
Claims (5)
1. A method for producing polybutadiene rubber, comprising: catalyzing polymerization reaction of butadiene monomer by adopting a rare earth catalyst;
The rare earth catalyst comprises the following components:
a. A neodymium phosphate compound;
b. Conjugated dienes;
c. at least one of diisobutylaluminum hydride and triisobutylaluminum;
d. A halogen-containing compound;
Wherein the molar ratio of each component is a: b: c: d=1: (4-22): (7-22): (2-8);
The rare earth catalyst is prepared according to the preparation process comprising the following steps: adding the component a into a solvent, and aging for 15-40 minutes; then sequentially adding the components b, c and d; wherein, the feeding time of the component b is controlled to be 2-10 minutes, and the component b is aged for 5-30 minutes after the feeding is finished; the feeding time of the component c is 2-10 minutes, and the component c is aged for 10-30 minutes after the feeding is finished; the feeding time of the component d is 2-10 minutes, and the rare earth catalyst is obtained after aging for 30-90 minutes after the feeding is finished;
Controlling the use amount of the solvent to ensure that the content of neodymium (Nd) in the rare earth catalyst is 1 multiplied by 10 -3~6×10-2 mol/L;
the conjugated diene comprises one or more of C4-C6 conjugated diene monomers; the halogen-containing compound is at least one selected from diisobutylaluminum chloride and diisobutylaluminum trichloride;
the temperature of the aging in each step is 15-30 ℃;
the dosage of the rare earth catalyst is controlled to ensure that the molar ratio of the neodymium phosphate compound to the butadiene monomer is 3 multiplied by 10 -5-1×10-4;
In the polybutadiene rubber, the cis-1, 4 structure content is 96.0% -99.9%.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein,
The solvent is selected from one or more of C5-C8 alkane and C5-C8 cycloalkane.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the neodymium phosphate compound is neodymium phosphate.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the neodymium phosphate compound is at least one of neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, neodymium 2-ethylhexyl phosphate, and neodymium di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the polymerization temperature is from 0 to 80 ℃.
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